1nc- T signature strikes == TK Security K Dedev 2nr- dedev
Weber
3
Opponent: Weber Olsen and Veeder | Judge: Donny Peters
1ac- archaeological investigation of Indefinite detention 1nc- terrorism DA Framework Marx K 2nr- Terrorism DA and Case
Weber
1
Opponent: Johnson County Community College Brower-Freeman-Nation | Judge: Rodriguez
1nc- terrorism da framework occularcentricism pic nietzsche
2nr- nietzsche
Weber
Octas
Opponent: Gonzaga Elias-Hendricks | Judge: Elliott, Johnson, Van Luvanee
1nc- Exec Congress CP Pres Flex DA Security 2nr- DA and CP
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Cites
Entry
Date
1NC Dedev
Tournament: Texas | Round: 8 | Opponent: Whitman College Durand-Mulloy | Judge: Brass Crunch is inevitable by 2050- energy, population and food Grantham 12 Jeremy, “The Big Crunch”, New Statesman, July, p. aspwyo-tjc Now economic statisticians can calculate … oil continues to rise, so will the price of food.
COLLAPSE SOONER IS BETTER THAN LATER KEY TO SURVIVAL LEWIS 02' (Chris H., Instructor, Sewall Program @ CU Boulder, On the Edge of Society, "Global Industrial Civilization: The Necessary Collapse," ed. M Dobkowski and I Wllimann, Syracuse U. Press, P.)BLUE In conclusion, the only solution to … interconnected web of life on Earth.
Biodiversity loss Leads to Extinction Diner 94 David, Major in US Army, Winter, “THE ARMY AND THE ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT: WHO'S ENDANGERING WHOM?” Lexis Biologically diverse …edging closer to the abyss.
Decline doesn’t cause war Miller 00 (Morris, Professor of Administration @ the University of Ottawa, ‘2K (Interdisciplinary Science Review, v 25 n4 2000 p ingenta connect) The question may be reformulated. … (thereby using one form of violence to abort another).
War is only sparked by upswings—Must transition before 2025 Chase-Dunn and Bornschier 99 (Christopher, Director of the Institute for Research on World-Systems, U of California-Riverside, and Volker, prof at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, “The Future of Global Conflict”, Sage Publications, p. 43) While the onset of a period of … such collective suicide does not occur (Chase-Dunn and O’Reilly, 1989; Goldfrank, 1987).
2/13/14
Advocacy Necessary
Tournament: UNLV | Round: 4 | Opponent: Fresno State Caffrey-Casiano-Barton | Judge: Brady INTERPRETATION- THE AFFIRMATIVE MUST HAVE A STATEMENT OF WHAT THEY ENDORSE.
VIOLATION- THEY DON’T.
STANDARDS 1.PREDICTABILITY-YOU DON’T KNOW WHAT YOU GET WHEN YOU VOTE AFF THEY ARE A MOVING TARGET. KILLS ANY EDUCATION BECAUSE WE JUST LEARN ABOUT A VAGUE VACUOUS SUBJECT RATHER THAN A CONCRETE PLAN OF ACTION.
Advocacy statements, like Mission Statements are comparably important to know the purpose of any movement Think Big Partners 10 Think Big partners, Business Advisory, “THE IMPORTANCE OF A MISSION STATEMENT”, WRITTEN 09 DECEMBER 2010, http://www.thinkbigpartners.com/start-a-business/202-the-importance-of-a-mission-statement.html, wyo-bb In order to successfully... sweet, and to the point.
Theory must be followed by praxis, specifically in IR or there will be no change in global order Acharya 2k Amitav Acharya, professor of international relations at American University, Washington, D.C., where he holds the UNESCO Chair in Transnational Challenges and Governance at the School of International, “ETHNOCENTRISM AND EMANCIPATORY IR THEORY”, Samantha Arnold, 2000 http://www.amitavacharya.com/sites/default/files/Ethnocentrism20and20Emancipatory20IR20Theory.pdf, wyo-bb If the high priests of Realism ... overlap between these categories.
2. AFF BECOMES A MOVING TARGET- WITHOUT A CONCRETE STATEMENT IT ALLOWS THEM TO DIP, DUCK, DIVE, AND DODGE OUT OF NEG OFFENSE. THIS SKEWS NEG STRAT AND LEADS TO BAD DEBATE WHERE THE NEG EITHER POLARIZES LEFT OR RIGHT AND READS FRAMEWORK TO MAKE COMPETITION. VOTER FOR FAIRNESS
10/19/13
Brown Identity Politics
Tournament: UNLV | Round: 2 | Opponent: Fresno State Holley-Tate | Judge: DiPiazza Our alternative is to recognize debate as a site of contingent commonality in which we can forge bonds of argumentation beyond identity---the affirmative’s focus on subjectivity abdicates the flux of politics and debate for the incontestable truth of identity Brown 95—prof at UC Berkely (Wendy, States of Injury, 47-51)
The postmodern exposure of the imposed and... taste for political argument.
That is worse than anything that is happening to the people they speak about because the aff just uses them—turns the case and takes out solvency the exploitation of the aff is the same types of privilege and power they criticize Bruckner, 1986 (Pascal, "The Tears of the White Man: Compassion as Contempt." Pg ix) (.The Tears of the White Man is a critique... fantasies, they are promptly forgotten.
10/19/13
Case ASU
Tournament: UNLV | Round: 6 | Opponent: Arizona State Chotras-Harbauer | Judge: Ziegler NATO NATO isn’t necessary – The US will always remain engaged with Europe. Michael Gallagher 03, Assistant Secretary of Commerce, Winter 2003 Houston Journal of International Law
NATO’s supporters argue Europe security partnership.”
Impact inevitable- Continued economic decline will crush NATO Daniel Hamilton et al, Richard von Weizsäcker Professor and Director of the Center for Transatlantic Relations at the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), Feb. 2009 (“Alliance Reborn: An Atlantic Compact for the 21st Century” http://foreign.senate.gov/testimony/2009/HamiltonTestimony090506p.pdf) First, we must tackle and action are needed. ? No risk of nuclear terror- cannot build and detonate
Mueller and Stewart 2012(John, Senior Research Scientist at the Mershon Center for International Security Studies and Adjunct Professor in the Department of Political Science at Ohio State University, Senior Fellow at the CATO institute, and Mark, Australian Research Council Professorial Fellow and Professor and Director at the Centre for Infrastructure Performance and Reliability at the University of Newcastle, Summer, "The Terrorism Delusion", International Security, Volume 37, Number 1, MUSE) Over the course of time, such other country in the world.
The worst case scenario happened – no extinction Dove 12 Alan Dove, PhD in Microbiology, science journalist and former Adjunct Professor at New York University, “Who’s Afraid of the Big, Bad Bioterrorist?” Jan 24 2012, http://alandove.com/content/2012/01/whos-afraid-of-the-big-bad-bioterrorist/ The second problem is much than any actual bioterrorists.
Limiting Judicial Continued unfettered deference ensures adventurism and global instability Ann Scales 12, University of Denver Sturm College of Law, and Laura Spitz, University of Colorado Law School, 2012, “The Jurisprudence of the Military-Industrial Complex”, Seattle Journal for Social Justice, http://digitalcommons.law.seattleu.edu/sjsj/vol1/iss3/51 So, what is the jurisprudence of the that we can build more.
Fast and flexible doesn’t mean effective, unilateral action doesn’t solve aff impacts O’Neil 11 (Robert, Houston Law Review, “The Price of Purity: Weakening the Executive Model of the United States’ Counter-Terror Legal System,” Winter 2011, Lexiswyo-mm) Those opposed to enacting anti-terror the United States' credibility abroad. n164 Alt causes for flex loss Rozell 12 (Mark Rozell, Professor of Public Policy, George Mason University, “From Idealism to Power: The Presidency in the Age of Obama” 2012, http://www.libertylawsite.org/book-review/from-idealism-to-power-the-presidency-in-the-age-of-obama/, KB) A substantial portion of Goldsmith’s president with legalisms.
Drone Shift Drone Shift Locked-In Jay Lefkowitz 13, senior lawyer and former domestic policy advisor to President George W. Bush and John O'Quinn, former DOJ official in the Bush administration, Financial Times, "Drones are no substitute for detention", March 4, www.ft.com/cms/s/0/dae6552c-84c2-11e2-891d-00144feabdc0.html#axzz2dZnIVyqb Memo to all those critics of Guantánamo Bay: beware taking the easy way out. No link Robert Chesney 11, Charles I. Francis Professor in Law at the UT School of Law as well as a non-resident Senior Fellow at Brookings, "Examining the Evidence of a Detention-Drone Strike Tradeoff", October 17, www.lawfareblog.com/2011/10/examining-the-evidence-of-a-detention-drone-strike-tradeoff/ Yesterday Jack linked to this piece complex and difficult to measure. Drones are inevitable Henning, 2-20-12 Job, NYT, Embracing the Drone, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/21/opinion/embracing-the-drone.html?pagewanted=alland_r=0 /Wyo-MB Drones — more formally armed Unmanned support the use of drones.¶
Economics prevent conflict escalation Creehan 12 – Senior Editor of the SAIS Review of International Affairs (Sean, “Assessing the Risks of Conflict in the South China Sea,” Winter/Spring, SAIS Review, Vol. 32, No. 1) Regarding Secretary Clinton’s the status quo are unlikely.
Countries are increasingly becoming less likely to model the U.S. constitution and judicial branch
Law and Bersteeg ‘12 David S., Mila, Professor of Law and Professor of Political Science, Washington University in St. Louis. B.A., M.A., Ph.D., Stanford University; J.D., Harvard Law School; B.C.L. in European and Comparative Law, University of Oxford. Associate Professor, University of Virginia School of Law. B.A., LL.M., Tilburg University; LL.M., Harvard Law School; D.Phil., University of Oxford, “THE DECLINING INFLUENCE OF THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION” 06.2012. New York University Law Review http://www.lexisnexis.com/hottopics/lnacademic/?verb=srandcsi=7351andsr=TITLE(The20declining20influence20of20the20United20States20Constitution)20and20date20is20June201,202012wyo-hdm The appeal of American constitutionalism with global practice.
10/20/13
Case- State Good
Tournament: 2013babyjo | Round: 4 | Opponent: Washburn Mikkelsen-Januszka | Judge: Feldman BIOPOWER DOESN’T CAUSE EXCEPTION OR VIOLENCE, BUT MAINTAINS LIFE
Ojakangas 05 Mike, Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, “Impossible Dialogues on Bio-Power: Agamben and Foucault,” Foucault Studies 2 (5-28), www.foucault-studies.com/no2/ojakangas1.pdf, acc. 9-24-06uwyo-ajl In fact, the history of modern ... success of bio-power.
The aff fuels a culture of criticism that changes nothing—it produces a reactionary cynicism that stifles any form of social change Bryant, 2012 Levi, professor of philosophy at Collin College and author of Difference and Givenness: Deleuze’s Transcendental Empiricism and the Ontology of Immanence, co-editor of the forthcoming The Speculative Turn with Nick Srnicek and Graham Harman, and author of a number of articles on Deleuze, Badiou, Zizek, Lacan, and political theory, On cynicism, http://larvalsubjects.wordpress.com/2012/12/20/on-cynicism/ /Wyo-MB I’ve expressed this thought ... beyond this paralysis.
Postmodern destruction of humanism and manipulation of language breeds cynicism that threatens the fate of the planet Ketels, 1996 Violet, associate professor of English at Temple University, where she formerly directed the Intellectual Heritage Program, THE HOLOCAUST: REMEMBERING FOR THE FUTURE: "Havel to the Castle!" The Power of the Word, The American Academy of Political and Social Science, November, 1996, 548 Annals 45, Lexis /Wyo-MB THE political bestiality ... likely to rescue us.
The destruction of absolute truth claims leads to cynicism—power relations convert to the charismatic unrelated to facts on the ground: Sharon S. Harzenski, 2001 (professor of law, Beasley School of Law, American University Journal of Gender, Social Policy and the Law, Lexis) n101. See Arendt, ...circumscribe the risks of its misuse. Id. at 467.
9/21/13
Confessions K
Tournament: Ndt d2 qualifier | Round: 1 | Opponent: Idaho State Doty-Ivanovic | Judge: Stevenson The logic of testimony is flawed in its assumption that confessional discourse can be controlled by the confessing individual. Each time a woman takes a stand, her voice is that of all women. Individual testimony comes to monopolize the meaning of womanhood creating a story of greatest suffering as the highest truth of female identity. Wendy Brown, Professor of Political Theory @ UC Berkeley, 1996 (“Constitutions and 'Survivor Stories': In the 'folds of our own discourse' The Pleasures and Freedoms of Silence.” 3 U Chi L Sch Roundtable 185) If, taken together, the two passages from Foucault we … feminist writing on heterosexual pleasure?)
Survivor discourse is specifically confessional in the debate space- the presence of a judge that “shifts through the raw data” of the affirmative’s discourse and then assigns legitimacy to their representation always recuperates the transgressive potential because the institution first and foremost INCITES such speech so that it can be recuperated i.e., debate has come to ENCOURAGE people to speak out but then keeps that discourse in the realm of winning ballots and never spilling over to actually changing the actions of assailants in the community Alcoff 93 Linda Alcoff, 1993, Professor of Philosophy at Hunter College , SURVIVOR DISCOURSE: TRANSGRESSION OR RECUPERATION?, http://www.alcoff.com/content/survdis.html, uwyoamp According to Foucault, the confessional … any transgressive potential which might exist.
The aff locks in confessional discourse- several d/as to their method A) creates media commodities to boost ratings B) deflects attention away from perpetrators C) renders legitimacy-giving to the hands of a judge D) become so focused on empathy that we never introduce praxis to combat sexual violence E) creates a speak or else mentality that many survivors are not comfortable with Alcoff 93 Linda Alcoff, 1993, Professor of Philosophy at Hunter College , SURVIVOR DISCOURSE: TRANSGRESSION OR RECUPERATION?, http://www.alcoff.com/content/survdis.html, uwyoamp
Survivor discourse and the tactic of … the survivor once more as a "victim."
Confession is doomed to only come from below insuring the power relationship between the confessor and mediator Foucault 1978, (Michel, Former director @ the Institut Francais at Hamburg. The History of Sexuality Volume I. 1978. pgs 59-67) The confession is a …slow surfacing of confidential statements.
Alternative: Reject the role of the judge in the aff’s request for the ballot as legitimization of the aff’s politics and a priori analyze the conditions of speaking, where the incitement to speak originates, and what relations of power exist between those who incite and those who are asked to speak BEFORE speaking out Alcoff 93 Linda Alcoff, 1993, Professor of Philosophy at Hunter College , SURVIVOR DISCOURSE: TRANSGRESSION OR RECUPERATION?, http://www.alcoff.com/content/survdis.html, uwyoamp
Clearly, a primary disabling factor … "theoretically advanced" position.
2/25/14
Dedev 1nc
Tournament: Weber | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Gonzaga Bauer-Johnson | Judge: Stevenson, Copenhaver, Guevara Crunch is inevitable by 2050- energy, population and food
Grantham 12 Jeremy, “The Big Crunch”, New Statesman, July, p. aspwyo-tjc Now economic statisticians …so will the price of food.
COLLAPSE SOONER IS BETTER THAN LATER KEY TO SURVIVAL
LEWIS 02' (Chris H., Instructor, Sewall Program @ CU Boulder, On the Edge of Society, "Global Industrial Civilization: The Necessary Collapse," ed. M Dobkowski and I Wllimann, Syracuse U. Press, P.)BLUE In conclusion, the only solution … web of life on Earth.
Biodiversity loss Leads to Extinction Diner 94 David, Major in US Army, Winter, “THE ARMY AND THE ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT: WHO'S ENDANGERING WHOM?” Lexis Biologically diverse ecosystems are …closer to the abyss.
Decline doesn’t cause war Miller 00 (Morris, Professor of Administration @ the University of Ottawa, ‘2K (Interdisciplinary Science Review, v 25 n4 2000 p ingenta connect) The question may be reformulated. … (thereby using one form of violence to abort another).
War is only sparked by upswings—Must transition before 2025 Chase-Dunn and Bornschier 99 (Christopher, Director of the Institute for Research on World-Systems, U of California-Riverside, and Volker, prof at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, “The Future of Global Conflict”, Sage Publications, p. 43) While the onset of a period of hegemonic … such collective suicide does not occur (Chase-Dunn and O’Reilly, 1989; Goldfrank, 1987).
1/26/14
Executive Reform
Tournament: 2013babyjo | Round: 5 | Opponent: Trinity Deshpande-Solice | Judge: Ziegler CP TEXT: The Executive Branch of the United States should Executive Orders alter policy quickly to employ flexibility and avoid the legislative process
Barilleaux and Kelley 2010 Ryan J. , Professor of Political Science at Miami, OH; and Christopher S. , Lecturer (Political Science) at Miami, OH, The Unitary Executive and the Modern Presidency, Texas AandM Press, p. 80, 2010 wyo-sc An executive order is one ... statutes of the United States.2 )
9/15/13
Flex DA
Tournament: UNT | Round: 5 | Opponent: Kansas Harris-Wefald | Judge: Bonnet New NDAA increases presidential flexibility and signals an end to ongoing congressional opposition. Kaplan 13 REBECCA KAPLAN, “Obama signs budget deal, defense authorization bills into law,” CBS NEWS, December 26, 2013, http://www.cbsnews.com/news/obama-signs-budget-deal-defense-authorization-bills-into-law/ wyo-cjh The other major piece of legislation the president … security interests,” the statement said.
Judicial review of foreign policy decks the executive flexibility necessary to solve prolif, terror, and the rise of hostile powers---link threshold is low Robert Blomquist 10, Professor of Law, Valparaiso University School of Law, THE JURISPRUDENCE OF AMERICAN NATIONAL SECURITY PRESIPRUDENCE, 44 Val. U.L. Rev. 881 Supreme Court Justices--along with … his national security executive subordinates.
1/26/14
Flex DA
Tournament: Texas | Round: 6 | Opponent: Georgia State Nails-Stewart | Judge: Pryor Obama has cultivated broad enforcement discretion and that makes executive flexibility inevitable in the status quo.
War powers must be solely invested in the executive- any departure undermines the strength and unanimity of the executive’s actions Fisher 09 Louis Fisher, specialist in Constitutional Law, Law Library, Library of Congress. Ph.D., , 2009, 12 U. Pa. J. Const. L. 569 (2009-2010), The Unitary Executive and Inherent Executive Power, Hein Online, uwyoamp The Framers had plenty of … execution of their counsels."9
Constrained executive makes it impossible to respond to the rapid and existential nature of the threat posed by terrorism-strong, flexible executive key to check nuclear, chemical, and biological attacks Royal 2011 John Paul, Fellow of the Institute for World Politics, 2011, War Powers and the Age of Terrorism, http://www.thepresidency.org/storage/Fellows2011/Royal-_Final_Paper.pdf, uwyoamp The international system itself … power to rescind and limit these powers.
Terrorist retaliation causes nuclear war – draws in Russia and China Robert Ayson, Professor of Strategic Studies and Director of the Centre for Strategic Studies: New Zealand at the Victoria University of Wellington, 2010 (“After a Terrorist Nuclear Attack: Envisaging Catalytic Effects,” Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, Volume 33, Issue 7, July, Available Online to Subscribing Institutions via InformaWorld) A terrorist nuclear attack, and even the … would probably still meet with a devastating response.
2/9/14
Flex DA heg
Tournament: Weber | Round: Octas | Opponent: Gonzaga Elias-Hendricks | Judge: Elliott, Johnson, Van Luvanee Presidential power high now-historical precedent and Obama domestic and international expansion Fein ‘12 Bruce Fein, associate deputy attorney general under President Reagan , A History of the Expansion of Presidential Power, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/28/opinion/a-history-of-the-expansion-of-presidential-power.html, uwyoamp
The unilateral actions of President …, waterboarding and Iraq war.
Congressional restrictions on presidential war power prevent the presidency from responding to crises Turner 2012 Professor Turner holds both professional and academic doctorates from the University of Virginia School of Law, where in 1981 he co-founded the Center for National Security Law with Professor John Norton Moore—who taught the nation’s first course on national security law in 1969. Turner served as chairman of the ABA Standing Committee on Law and National Security from 1989–1992., The War Powers Resolution at 40: Still an Unconstitutional, Unnecessary, and Unwise Fraud That Contributed CASE WESTERN RESERVE JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW·VOL. 45·2012, Directly to the 9/11 Attacks, http://law.case.edu/journals/JIL/Documents/45CaseWResJIntlL1and2.pdf, uwyoamp
The 1973 War Powers Resolution was a …congressional lawbreaking.
Its zero sum
Barilleaux and Kelley 2010 Ryan J. , Professor of Political Science at Miami, OH; and Christopher S. , Lecturer (Political Science) at Miami, OH, The Unitary Executive and the Modern Presidency, Texas AandM Press, p. P 196-197, 2010 wyo-sc In their book The Broken Branch, Mann and Ornstein paint a … congressional stewardship of foreign policy and spending.
Speed and flexibility are key to maintain Heg Berkowitz, 8 research fellow at the Hoover Institution at Stanford University and a senior analyst at RAND. He is currently a consultant to the Defense Department and the intelligence community (Bruce, STRATEGIC ADVANTAGE: CHALLENGERS, COMPETITORS, AND THREATS TO AMERICA’S FUTURE, p. 1-4)
THIS BOOK is intended to help readers better … can focus its own resources.
Credible US leadership k2 prevent great power wars that go nuclear.
Brooks et al ’13 (Stephen, Associate Professor of Government at Dartmouth College, John Ikenberry is the Albert G. Milbank Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University in the Department of Politics and the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, William C. Wohlforth is the Daniel Webster Professor in the Department of Government at Dartmouth College “Don’t Come Home America: The Case Against Retrenchment,” International Security, Vol. 37, No. 3 (Winter 2012/13), pp. 7–51) A core premise of deep engagement … rather than shrinking. 85
1/26/14
Framework 1NC
Tournament: Weber | Round: 3 | Opponent: Weber Olsen and Veeder | Judge: Donny Peters OUR INTERPRETATION: The resolution asks a yes/no question as to the desirability of the United States Federal Government action. The role of the ballot should be to affirm or reject the actions and outcomes of the plan.
THE TOPIC IS DEFINED BY THE PHRASE FOLLOWING THE COLON – THE UNITED STATES FEDERAL GOVERNMENT IS THE AGENT OF THE RESOLUTION, NOT THE INDIVIDUAL DEBATERS
noun the executive and … government of the United States
Topical version of the aff solves all of their offense
Simulated national security law debates preserve agency and enhance decision-making---avoids cooption Laura K. Donohue 13, Associate Professor of Law, Georgetown Law, 4/11, “National Security Law Pedagogy and the Role of Simulations”, http://jnslp.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/National-Security-Law-Pedagogy-and-the-Role-of-Simulations.pdf The concept of simulations as an aspect of …, it suggests one potential direction for the years to come.
Bounded knowledge is good – debate should be maintained as a disciplinary space- key to unlocking critically pedagogies potential for social justice. The resolution allows a key point of stasis, a fair division of ground, and negative access to topic generics
McArthur 10 (Department of Higher and Community Education, University of Edinburgh, Paterson’s Land, Holyrood Road, Edinburgh EH8 8AQ, UK Studies in Higher Education Vol. 35, No. 3, May 2010 ebsco DA: 5-24-13wyoccd) Giroux’s critical pedagogy rests upon a commitment to …what students must learn to navigate’ (68).
1/26/14
Framework 1NC
Tournament: Ndt d2 qualifier | Round: 4 | Opponent: Weber State Hendricks-Tippets | Judge: Lundeen a. Interpretation and violation---the affirmative should defend the desirability of topical government action
Most predictable—the agent and verb indicate a debate about hypothetical government action Jon M Ericson 3, Dean Emeritus of the College of Liberal Arts – California Polytechnic U., et al., The Debater’s Guide, Third Edition, p. 4 The Proposition of Policy: Urging Future Action … a debate is to offer sufficient and compelling
b. Vote neg
“Topic relevance” isn't enough—only a precise and limited rez creates deliberation on a point of mutual difference—this is only internal link to limits and ground which are key to competitive equity and topic education—both of which are the most important impacts in debate Steinberg and Freeley 8 *Austin J. Freeley is a Boston based attorney who focuses on criminal, personal injury and civil rights law, AND David L. Steinberg , Lecturer of Communication Studies @ U Miami, Argumentation and Debate: Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making pp45-
Debate is a means of settling … immigration debate during the summer of 2007.
Simulated national security law debates preserve agency and enhance decision-making---avoids cooption Laura K. Donohue 13, Associate Professor of Law, Georgetown Law, 4/11, “National Security Law Pedagogy and the Role of Simulations”, http://jnslp.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/National-Security-Law-Pedagogy-and-the-Role-of-Simulations.pdf The concept of simulations as an … this model is undoubtedly necessary, it suggests one potential direction for the years to come.
2/25/14
Fresno Case
Tournament: UNLV | Round: 2 | Opponent: Fresno State Holley-Tate | Judge: DiPiazza resistance/empowerment via the ballot can only instill an adaptive politics of being and effaces the institutional constraints that reproduce structural violence Brown 95—prof at UC Berkely (Wendy, States of Injury, 21-3)
For some, fueled by opprobrium toward .. dimensions of liberalism.
The claim that oppression should be the basis for winning a debate round is a pretty good example of our link argument---the ballot is not a tool of emancipation, but rather a tool of revenge---it serves as a palliative that denies their investment in oppression as a means by which to claim the power of victory Enns 12—Professor of Philosophy at McMaster University (Dianne, The Violence of Victimhood, 28-30)
Guilt and Ressentiment We need... now to an exploration of this third outcome.
10/19/13
Fw
Tournament: 2013babyjo | Round: 4 | Opponent: Washburn Mikkelsen-Januszka | Judge: Feldman A. OUR INTERPRETATION: THE AFFIRMATIVE SHOULD PRESENT A TOPICAL PLAN OF ACTION AND DEFEND THAT THEIR POLICY SHOULD BE ADOPTED BY THE UNITED STATES FEDERAL GOVERNMENT B. DEFINITIONS:
THE TOPIC IS DEFINED BY THE PHRASE FOLLOWING THE COLON – THE UNITED STATES FEDERAL GOVERNMENT IS THE AGENT OF THE RESOLUTION, NOT THE INDIVIDUAL DEBATERS
Use of a colon before a list or an explanation that is preceded by a clause that can stand by itself. Think of the colon as a gate, inviting one to go on… If the introductory phrase preceding the colon is very brief and the clause following the colon represents the real business of the sentence, begin the clause after the colon with a capital letter.
2. “RESOLVED” EXPRESSES INTENT TO IMPLEMENT THE PLAN
American Heritage Dictionary 2K www.dictionary.com/cgi-bin/dict.pl?term=resolved
To find a solution to; solve … To bring to a usually successful conclusion
3. “SHOULD” DENOTES AN EXPECTATION OF ENACTING A PLAN
American Heritage Dictionary – 2K www.dictionary.com
Supreme Court of the United States, highest court in the United States and the chief authority in the judicial branch, one of three branches of the United States federal government.
5. OUR DEFINITION EXCLUDES ACTION BY SMALLER POLITICAL GROUPS OR INDIVIDUALS.
Black’s Law Dictionary Seventh Edition Ed. Bryan A. Garner (chief) ‘99
Federal government 1. A national government that exercises some degree of control over smaller political units that have surrendered some degree of power in exchange for the right to participate in national political matters.
C. VIOLATION – THE AFFIRMATIVE IS NOT AN INSTRUMENTAL AFFIRMATION OF THE RESOLUTION –
D. REASONS TO PREFER –
PREDICTABILITY: THE RESOLUTION SETS THE PARAMETERS FOR THE DEBATE. AFFIRMATIVES WOULD ALWAYS WIN IF THERE WASN’T PREDICTABLE NEGATIVE GROUND.
2. PRIVATE ACTOR FIAT BAD: ADVOCATING A PERSONAL MOVEMENT OR IDEA IS UNFAIR AS THERE’S NO LITERATURE BASE TO COUNTER IT. RUNNING A TOPICAL VERSION OF THEIR AFFIRMATIVE SOLVES ALL OF THEIR OFFENSE.
3., SWITCH-SIDE DEBATE: The net-benefits are both epistemic and ontological: epistemic because prepared, competitive discourse and required listening to both sides of an argument is a prerequisite for critical reasoning and interested inquiry, and ontological because it affirms a method of living that is the only antidote to the violence of the affirmative’s universalist dogma, which is root of violence and genocide
Roberts-Miller 3 Patricia, Associate Professor of Rhetoric at UT Austin, “Fighting Without Hatred: Hannah Arendt ' s Agonistic Rhetoric”, p. aspwyo-tjc Totalitarianism and the Competitive Space ... reference to anyone else or to let others do one's thinking.
9/21/13
Kaczynski k 1nc
Tournament: UTD | Round: 6 | Opponent: Trinity Vail-Yorko | Judge: Liles First, the aff inhibits freedom by supporting a technological and economic system that denies individuals the ability to go through the power process with real goals.
Kaczynski in 1995 (Theodore, former assistant professor at the University of California, Berkeley, PhD in mathematics from the University of Michigan, Industrial Society and its Future, http://www.42inc.com/~estephen/manifesto/unabe2.html) 94. By "freedom" we mean the … for his high level of socialization.
And, the aff is a leftist project that suffers from oversocialization. The drive to restore ethics and morality in society maintains the industrial-technological system and produces guilt and defeatism. Kaczynski in 1995 (Theodore, former assistant professor at the University of California, Berkeley, PhD in mathematics from the University of Michigan, Industrial Society and its Future, http://www.42inc.com/~estephen/manifesto/unabe2.html) 24. Psychologists use the … how to make love, how to raise our kids and so forth.
And, guilt expresses a hatred of this world that allows for a secret instinct of annihilation Nietzsche, 1872 (Friedrich, philosopher, “The Birth of Tragedy” Online, MB) Already in the preface addressed to …god: I called it Dionysian. —
And, the industrial-technological system will guarantee the enslavement and eventual extinction of all living organisms. Kaczynski in 1995 (Theodore, former assistant professor at the University of California, Berkeley, PhD in mathematics from the University of Michigan, Industrial Society and its Future, http://www.42inc.com/~estephen/manifesto/unabe2.html) 171. But suppose now that industrial … and take the consequences.
The alternative is to destroy the industrial-technological system.
Only a revolutionary strategy against modern technology can break down the system. Any perm would compromise the revolution by enabling technological solutions to other problems.
Kaczynski in 1995 (Theodore, former assistant professor at the University of California, Berkeley, PhD in mathematics from the University of Michigan, Industrial Society and its Future, http://www.42inc.com/~estephen/manifesto/unabe2.html) 180. The technophiles are … those recommendations should be discarded.
1/26/14
Legal Reform K
Tournament: 2013babyjo | Round: 5 | Opponent: Trinity Deshpande-Solice | Judge: Ziegler LINK—THE AFF FETISHIZES THE LAW AND ITS ABILITY TO RESOLVE PRESIDENTIAL POWERS, THEIR CALL RESULTS IN A RETURN TO LAW THAT DESTROYS THE POSSIBILITY FOR RADICAL POLITICS NEOCLEOUS 2006 (Mark Neocleous, Politics and History @ Brunel University, “the Problem with Normality”, Alternatives, no. 31 wyo-tjc) To criticize the use of ... fabrication of social order.
SOCIETY HAS BEEN REPEATEDLY CONFOUNDED AT THE FAILURE OF LAW TO CONTAIN VIOLENCE—WE SEE LAW AS A ‘LESSER EVIL’ THAT IS NECESSARY TO HUMANIZE WAR. QUITE TO THE CONTRARY, THE LAWS OF WAR LEGITIMIZE AND PROTECT STATIST FORMS OF VIOLENCE AND CRUSH DISSENT BERMAN (Prof of Law at Brooklyn Law School) 2004 Nathaniel, “Privleging Combat?”, Columbia Journal of Transnational Law, p. ln wyo-tjc Through examining the legal doctrines ..engaged in by other people. n9
The Alternative is to write against the state.
Exposing the law as violence is necessary to create space for rethinking that makes social relations outside of statist violence possible Neocleous 2003 Mark, Teaches politics @ Brunel, Imagining the state, Philadelphia: Open University Press, 6-7/uwyo-ajl The last point should indicate to the... the possibility of fascism.
9/15/13
Legal reform- Complexity
Tournament: 2013babyjo | Round: 7 | Opponent: Arizona State Harbauer-Rajan | Judge: Box The law is a complex system that we never know truly what is happening when we modify it. This is especially true in the case in increasing the rights of the detainees only leads to an increase in drone strikes. We can’t predict how the system will respond and adapt Crandall 13 Carla Crandall, Law Clerk to the Honorable Carolyn Dineen King, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. J.D., J. Reuben Clark Law School, Brigham Young University, 2013 Seton Hall University School of Law¶ Seton Hall Law Review 2013 Seton Hall Law Review¶ ¶ 43 Seton Hall L. Rev. 595 “If You Can't Beat Them, Kill Them: Complex Adaptive Systems Theory and the Rise in Targeted Killing”, http://erepository.law.shu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1466andcontext=shlr, wyo-bb A. Targeted Killing: A Primer¶ ¶ As defined here.. protections to detainees. n249
SOCIETY HAS BEEN REPEATEDLY CONFOUNDED AT THE FAILURE OF LAW TO CONTAIN VIOLENCE—WE SEE LAW AS A ‘LESSER EVIL’ THAT IS NECESSARY TO HUMANIZE WAR. QUITE TO THE CONTRARY, THE LAWS OF WAR LEGITIMIZE AND PROTECT STATIST FORMS OF VIOLENCE AND CRUSH DISSENT BERMAN (Prof of Law at Brooklyn Law School) 2004 Nathaniel, “Privleging Combat?”, Columbia Journal of Transnational Law, p. ln wyo-tjc Through examining the legal ... forms engaged in by other people. n9
THE ALTERNATIVE IS TO REFUSE ACTION IN THE FACE OF THE CRISIS PRESENTED BY THE AFFIRMATIVE AND DO NOTHING
WITHDRAWAL FROM THE SYSTEM DEPRIVES IT OF ITS ENERGY THAT SUSTAINS SOCIAL FORCES OF DOMINATION. THE ALTERNATIVE IS A NECESSARY PRECONDITION FOR MORE RADICAL CHANGE ZIZEK, 2008 Slavoj, Philosopher and cultural critic, Violence, Picador Books /Wyo-MB
Last but not least, the lesson ... violent thing to do.
9/15/13
Marx 1NC
Tournament: Weber | Round: 3 | Opponent: Weber Olsen and Veeder | Judge: Donny Peters THE AFFIRMATIVE IS A MISREADING OF POLITICS AND REPRODUCTION OF SOCIAL RELATIONS. THERE IS NO SUCH THING AS THE ‘BIOPOLITICAL STATE’ THAT SEEKS TO MANAGE FOR THE SAKE OF POWER. THE STATE AND CAPITAL MOVE HAND IN GLOVE—ONE CANNOT EXIST WITHOUT THE OTHER. ONLY A TOTAL DISTANCE FROM THE MODERN STATE CAN ALLOW FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF CAPITAL. OTHERWISE WHAT IS PUSHED OUT THE DOOR ONLY COMES BACK IN THROUGH THE WINDOW
MESZAROS (Prof. Emeritus @ Univ. Sussex) 1995 Istavan, Beyond Capital: Towards a Theory of Transition, p. 65 wyo The modern state as the comprehensive … faithful to the Marxian concern with the ‘withering away’ of the state.
THE AFFIRMATIVES FOCUS ON THE DISCURSIVE/SYMBOLIC REVEALS THE EXTENT TO WHICH THEY HAVE GIVEN UP ON ACTUALLY CHALLENGING THE STRUCTURES OF OPPRESSION. BUT FAR FROM BEING A POST-CAPITALIST AGE IN WHICH ALL SOCIAL EXPERIENCE IS TEXTUALLY OR DISCURSIVELY PRODUCED, IT IS A MATERIAL WORLD. ONLY A MATERIALIST METHOD CAN ACCOUNT FOR THE WAYS IN WHICH CERTAIN CLASSES CREATE AND DEPLOY RHETORIC TO LEGITIMIZE A CAPITALIST MODE OF SOCIAL RELATIONS
CLOUD (Prof of Comm at Texas) 2001 Dana, “The Affirmative Masquerade”, p. online: http://www.acjournal.org/holdings/vol4/iss3/special/cloud.htmwyo-tjc At the very least, however, it is clear that poststructuralist ... It is the means for producing transformative knowledges. (p. 7)
NEXT, THE DETERMINISM OF CAPITAL IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE INSTRUMENTALIZATION OF ALL LIFE—THIS LOGIC MOBILIZES AND ALLOWS FOR THE 1AC’S SCENARIOS IN THE FIRST PLACE
DYER-WITHERFORD (professor of Library and Info. Sciences at the U of Western Ontario) 1999 Nick. Cyber Marx: Cycles and Circuits of Struggle in High Technology Capitalism. For capitalism, the use of …mastery has backfired is all too obvious.
Vote Negative to validate and adopt the method of structural/historical criticism that is the 1NC. METHOD IS THE FOREMOST POLITICAL QUESTION BECAUSE ONE MUST UNDERSTAND EXISTING SOCIAL TOTALITY BEFORE ONE CAN HOW TO ACT—GROUNDING THE SITES OF POLITICAL CONTESTATION OUTSIDE OF LABOR MERELY SERVE TO HUMANIZE CAPITAL AND PREVENT A TRANSITION BEYOND OPPRESSION TUMINO (Prof. English @ Pitt) 2001 Stephen, “What is Orthodox Marxism and Why it Matters Now More than Ever”, Red Critique, p. online wyo-tjc Any effective political theory will have to … ("knowledge work") that masquerades as social theory.
METHODOLOGY IS THE FOREMOST POINT OF DEPARTURE TO ANY POLITICAL QUERY. YOU MUST EVALUATE EPISTEMOLOGY FIRST BECAUSE THE WAY YOU THINK ABOUT PROBLEMS DETERMINES SOLUTIONS AND THE CONSEQUENCES THEY ENGENDER
Smith ‘96 Steve, Professor of International Politics at the University of Wales, Aberystwyth, “Positivism and Beyond,” International theory: Positivism and beyond, New York: Cambridge University Press, 12-1 3uwyo-ajl But the stakes are also high … considerable than at first sight seem to be the case.
1/26/14
Marx v Nietzsche Aff
Tournament: Ndt d2 qualifier | Round: 4 | Opponent: Weber State Hendricks-Tippets | Judge: Lundeen THE AFFIRMATIVES FOCUS ON THE DISCURSIVE/SYMBOLIC REVEALS THE EXTENT TO WHICH THEY HAVE GIVEN UP ON ACTUALLY CHALLENGING THE STRUCTURES OF OPPRESSION. BUT FAR FROM BEING A POST-CAPITALIST AGE IN WHICH ALL SOCIAL EXPERIENCE IS TEXTUALLY OR DISCURSIVELY PRODUCED, IT IS A MATERIAL WORLD. ONLY A MATERIALIST METHOD CAN ACCOUNT FOR THE WAYS IN WHICH CERTAIN CLASSES CREATE AND DEPLOY RHETORIC TO LEGITIMIZE A CAPITALIST MODE OF SOCIAL RELATIONS CLOUD (Prof of Comm at Texas) 2001 Dana, “The Affirmative Masquerade”, p. online: http://www.acjournal.org/holdings/vol4/iss3/special/cloud.htmwyo-tjc At the very least, however, it is clear … for producing transformative knowledges. (p. 7)
YOUR CYNICAL RESPONSE TO ACTING TO CHANGE THE WORLD IS NOTHING MORE THAN A LOSS OF PRAGMATISM AND SPECULATION WHILE YOU BENEFIT FROM THE CURRENT SOCIAL RELATIONS Ebert 09 Teresa L. Ebert, Proessor of Cultural Theory @ Univerisyt of Albany State University of New York, “The Task of Cultural Critique”, 2009, pg 156-157, wyo-bb Cynicism is the logic of pragmatism. … they are doing, yet they are doing it7" ("Spectre" 8).
THE DETERMINISM OF CAPITAL IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE INSTRUMENTALIZATION OF ALL LIFE—THIS LOGIC MOBILIZES AND ALLOWS FOR THE 1AC’S SCENARIOS IN THE FIRST PLACE DYER-WITHERFORD (professor of Library and Info. Sciences at the U of Western Ontario) 1999 Nick. Cyber Marx: Cycles and Circuits of Struggle in High Technology Capitalism. For capitalism, the use of … mastery has backfired is all too obvious.
Vote Negative to validate and adopt the method of structural/historical criticism that is the 1NC. METHOD IS THE FOREMOST POLITICAL QUESTION BECAUSE ONE MUST UNDERSTAND EXISTING SOCIAL TOTALITY BEFORE ONE CAN HOW TO ACT—GROUNDING THE SITES OF POLITICAL CONTESTATION OUTSIDE OF LABOR MERELY SERVE TO HUMANIZE CAPITAL AND PREVENT A TRANSITION BEYOND OPPRESSION TUMINO (Prof. English @ Pitt) 2001 Stephen, “What is Orthodox Marxism and Why it Matters Now More than Ever”, Red Critique, p. online wyo-tjc Any effective political theory will have to do … that masquerades as social theory.
2/25/14
Nietzsche 1nc
Tournament: Weber | Round: 1 | Opponent: Johnson County Community College Brower-Freeman-Nation | Judge: Rodriguez First, the Will to power is a part of life, it makes violence and suffering inevitable, --we should embrace it, this is key to affirm the will to life Nietzsche, 1886 (Friedrich, Philosopher with a hammer, “Beyond Good and Evil” The Nietzsche Channel, online, MB) 257. EVERY elevation of the type "man," … so far honest towards ourselves! We cannot eliminate or change suffering, we can only use it to empower ourselves- pity only demeans the cause of the sufferer and promotes weakness Kain in 2007 (Philip J., Professor of Philosophy at Santa Clara University, “Nietzsche, Eternal Recurrence, and the Horror of Existence”, The Nietzsche Journal, pMUSE)
Eternal recurrence also gives suffering … strength through such suffering.
And, embracing the tension of being marginalized, the tension and suffering of marginalization are prerequisites to greatness HIGGINS '06 (Kathleen Marie, professor of philosophy at UT-Austin, CRITICAL AFFINITIES: NIETZSCHE AND AFRICAN-AMERICAN THOUGHT, p. 67) While this conflict itself may … particularly significant cultural role.
The affirmative only seeks to profit off of the distress of others to win a ballot, nothing they can do will ever eliminate suffering in the world, this round won’t change the fact that people are getting screwed over somewhere in the world, all they do is use the suffering of others for their own personal gain
Nietzsche, 1906 (Friedrich, philosopher published posthumously by his sell out sister, “The Will To Power” Online, MB)
75 (1885) An able craftsman or …everybody lives and feeds on it.
And, their imagination of a better world is a continuation of the ascetic ideal. This association of all that is good at not of this world expresses a hatred for the only one we’ve got—turns case. Fantasizing about a world without suffering produces creative impotence only our relationship to life can escape this paradox of resentment Turlani in 2003 (Aydan, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences Faculty of Letters and Sciences Istanbul Technical University, “Nietzsche and the Later Wittgenstein: An Offense to the Quest for Another World”, The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, 26 (2003), 55-63) The craving for absolutely … way out of the fly-bottle" (PI §309). Thus the alternative: We should forget the 1ac in order to affirm life blue Zupancic, 2003 (Alenka, Philosopher, “The Shortest Shadow: Nietzche’s philosophy of the two” Online, MB) It is true that there is also a rather … and mortify our (new) passion.
Global nuclear war Harris and Burrows 9 Mathew, PhD European History @ Cambridge, counselor of the U.S. National Intelligence Council (NIC) and Jennifer, member of the NIC’s Long Range Analysis Unit “Revisiting the Future: Geopolitical Effects of the Financial Crisis” http://www.ciaonet.org/journals/twq/v32i2/f_0016178_13952.pdf Of course, the report encompasses ...a more dog-eat-dog world.
9/15/13
Pres Powers- Prolif
Tournament: 2013babyjo | Round: 5 | Opponent: Trinity Deshpande-Solice | Judge: Ziegler Presidential power high now-historical precedent and Obama domestic and international expansion Fein ‘12 Bruce Fein, associate deputy attorney general under President Reagan , A History of the Expansion of Presidential Power, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/28/opinion/a-history-of-the-expansion-of-presidential-power.html, uwyoamp
The unilateral actions of ... waterboarding and Iraq war.
Presidential power is zero-sum- the branches compete
Barilleaux and Kelley 2010 Ryan J. , Professor of Political Science at Miami, OH; and Christopher S. , Lecturer (Political Science) at Miami, OH, The Unitary Executive and the Modern Presidency, Texas AandM Press, p. P 196-197, 2010 wyo-sc In their book The Broken Branch, Mann stewardship of foreign policy and spending. Strong executive key to respond to proliferation- oversight short-circuits flexibility Yoo 2012 John C. Yoo is a professor of law at the University of California at Berkeley School of Law , February 2012, War powers belong to the president, ABA Journal. 98.2 (Feb. 2012): p34, Academic OneFile, uwyoamp
A radical change in the system... way we make war.
Proliferation causes nuclear war, terrorism and global instability Kroenig 12 Matthew, assistant professor in the Department of Government at Georgetown University and a research affiliate with The Project on Managing the Atom at Harvard University, he served as a strategist on the policy planning staff in the Office of the Secretary of Defense where he received the Office of the Secretary of Defense’s Award for Outstanding Achievement. He is a term member of the Council on Foreign Relations and has held academic fellowships from the National Science Foundation, the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs at Harvard University, the Center for International Security and Cooperation at Stanford University, and the Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation at the University of California, “The History of Proliferation Optimism: Does It Have A Future?” http://www.npolicy.org/article.php?aid=1182andrtid=2, accessed 6/5/13,WYO/JF In this essay, I argue that the spread ... world’s most dangerous weapons.
9/15/13
Prolif Imagery K
Tournament: UTD | Round: 3 | Opponent: Houston Bates-Alexander | Judge: Guha-Majumdar First, the “proliferation” image is built on three metaphors: balance, stability, and proliferation, all see spread of weapons technology as destabilizing Mutimer in 1994 (David, Associate Professor, Political Science, Arts, Deputy Director, Centre for International and Security Studies, “Reimagining Security: The Metaphors of Proliferation”, YCISS Occasional Paper Number 25, August 1994) This discussion provides a … certain policy solutions.
The use of “balance” and “stability” metaphors connote a normative commitment to the creation and maintenance of stable and balanced orders that legitimize security Mutimer in 1994 (David, Associate Professor, Political Science, Arts, Deputy Director, Centre for International and Security Studies, “Reimagining Security: The Metaphors of Proliferation”, YCISS Occasional Paper Number 25, August 1994) The two related terms 'stability' … and balanced orders.
The image of “proliferation” makes any disarmament strategy unsustainable and promotes the technology denial that widens the North/South gap Mutimer in 1994 (David, Associate Professor, Political Science, Arts, Deputy Director, Centre for International and Security Studies, “Reimagining Security: The Metaphors of Proliferation”, YCISS Occasional Paper Number 25, August 1994) There are two classes and hence by PROLIFERATION.
Suppression of proliferation only drives states to get them faster- Results in unending wars and more proliferation Craig and Ruzicka 13 Campbell Craig, Professor in International Politics, BA Carleton College, MA University of Chicago, PhD Ohio University, Jan Ruzicka, Lecturer in Security Studies, BA Charles University Prague, MA Brandeis University; Central European University, PhD University of Wales, Aberystwyth, “The Nonproliferation Complex”, Ethics and International Affairs, 27, no. 3 (2013), pp. 329–348., wyo-bb “The ultimate success of a national … surely destroyed such hopes.
And, the technological distinction made be the “proliferation” image creates a stigma of underdevelopment that drives former colonial states to more desperate means that will cause extinction. Bjork in 1995 (Rebecca, associate professor at the University of Utah, “Public Policy Argumentation and Colonialist Ideology”, in Warranting Assent, p.224-225) Thinly veiled sexism and … the lives of all on this fragile planet. Finally, the alternative is critique the 1ac’s imagery of “proliferation” in favor of an imagery of disarmament.
We must critique the image of “proliferation” and use an imagery of disarmament to unmask the hidden power structures at play. Mutimer in 1994 (David, Associate Professor, Political Science, Arts, Deputy Director, Centre for International and Security Studies, “Reimagining Security: The Metaphors of Proliferation”, YCISS Occasional Paper Number 25, August 1994) On a more conceptual note, the … normative convictions of the chooser.
1/26/14
Security K
Tournament: UNT | Round: 1 | Opponent: Baylor Sheaff-Walmsley | Judge: Pryor The affirmative reduces the problem of executive authority to temporally distinct conjunctions of war and peace time---legal restrictions inevitably fail because they ignore the permanence of war in politics Mary L. Dudziak 10, chaired prof of history and pol-sci and USC, Law, War, and the History of Time, 98 Cal. L. Rev. 1669 When President George W. Bush told the American … between war and American law and politics.
THE LAW IS AN INSTITUTION THAT ENABLES WAR, MILITARY BUREAUCRATS MANEUVER LEGAL RESTRICTIONS WITH EASE AND CHANGE THEIR VERNACULAR TO LEGALIZE AND LEGITIMIZE WARS Kennedy 06 David Kennedy, American academic and legal scholar of international law, “Of War and Law”, Pg 6-8, wyo-bb To understand—and accept—these … the politics, as well as the practice, of warfare.
The threat of terrorism creates an Outsider Enemy which justifies a permanent state of emergency and preemptive strikes Zizek 05 Slavoj Zizek, “In These Times”, 2005, August 11, http://www.lacan.com/zizekiranian.htm, wyo-bb Every power structure has to rely … electrician, Jean Charles de Menezes).
Focus on security denies value to life—replacing it with ordered safety and control Der Derian, 1995 (James, IR theorist and Philosopher, On Security “The Value of Security: Hobbes, Marx, Nietzsche and Baudrillard. Ed Ronnie Lipshutz” Online Nietzsche transvalues both Hobbes's … constructed from the calculation of risks and benefits.
Risk calculus causes endless threats Bachrach 13 (Theodore Bachrach works for a non profit organization and has worked in the UK Parliament, International Security Observer, "The Rise of Risk in International Security Policy", http://securityobserver.org/the-rise-of-risk-in-international-security-policy/, April 24, 2013)
Risk is the defining feature of …convince themselves they are secure.
If impacts are calculated by multiplying probability times magnitude, then every absurd probability of an infinite impact register as infinite – breaking down rational risk calculus Kessler ‘8 Oliver Kessler, Sociology at University of Bielefeld, “From Insecurity to Uncertainty: Risk and the Paradox of Security Politics” Alternatives 33 (2008), 211-232
If the risk of terrorism is defined in … can be assessed with relative certainty.
Alternative: Vote negative to embrace vulnerability.
Butler, 2004 (Judith Butler, is an American post-structuralist philosopher, who has contributed to the fields of feminism, queer theory, political philosophy, and ethics. She is the Maxine Elliot professor in the Departments of Rhetoric and Comparative Literature at the University of California, Berkeley.) Precarious Life: The Powers of Mourning and Violence. Pg. 28-30 Mourning, fear, anxiety, rage. In the United States, … from which we must take our bearings and find our way.
1/26/14
Security K
Tournament: Texas | Round: 8 | Opponent: Whitman College Durand-Mulloy | Judge: Brass Contemporary security is contingent on lashing out against those who are strange or unknown and is borne out of a fear of certain death that generates ressentiment because we cannot tame death nor truly ever be secure because the will to power ensures that there will always be violence Der Derian, 1995 (James, IR theorist and Philosopher, On Security “The Value of Security: Hobbes, Marx, Nietzsche and Baudrillard. Ed Ronnie Lipshutz” Online) Nietzsche transvalues both Hobbes's … from the calculation of risks and benefits.
These discourses of danger allow for the constructions of threats against the humanity when the real risk is nil, it also allow for the state to go after its geopolitical interests Jackson 05 Richard Jackson, Lecturer in International Security at The University of Manchester, “Security, Democracy, and the Rhetoric of Counter-Terrorism”, Democracy and Security, Volume 1, Issue 2, 2005, pages 147-171, Taylor and Francis Online Database, wyo-bb As David Campbell has shown, discourses of danger…co-constitutive of the practice of counter-terrorism.
Its impossible to truly know the world or make predictions, far too chaotic- local actors Tskeris 10 Charalambos Tsekeris, Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences, Department of Psychology, Pateikta spaudai: 2010 12 02, 2010/2(27), ISSN 1392-3358, “Chaos and Unpredictability in Social Thought: General Considerations and Perspectives”, Google Scholar, wyo-bb Modernity, as a social and historical … no necessary end state or purpose” (Urry 2003; 60).
Fantasizing about an ideal world causes us to hate this world because it causes us pain we can’t deal with. This association of all that is good as not of this world expresses a hatred for the only one we’ve got Turlani in 2003 (Aydan, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences Faculty of Letters and Sciences Istanbul Technical University, “Nietzsche and the Later Wittgenstein: An Offense to the Quest for Another World”, The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, 26 (2003), 55-63) The craving for absolutely general …which in Wittgenstein's terms aims "to show the fly the way out of the fly-bottle" (PI §309).
The Alternative is an affirmation of chance through a dicethrow—life is should be seen under a Dionysian paradigm, accepting life as it is, there is no certainty, but only perspective Deleuze 83 Giles Deleuze, Prof of Philosophy @ U of Lyon, Paris, and Lycees, “Nietzsche and Philosophy,” p. 25-27 The game has two moments which are … by the nature of the fatally obtained number. 23
2/13/14
Security K 1NC
Tournament: Ndt d2 qualifier | Round: 5 | Opponent: Whitman College Lassiter-Thompson | Judge: Frappier The aff’s knowledge production about Yemen insecurity is epistemologically bankrupt and causes strategic manipulation and serial policy failure Blumi 11 (Isa, Assistant Professor – Georgia State University’s History Department and Middle East Institute, Chaos in Yemen: Societal Collapse and the New Authoritarianism, Routledge Advances in Middle East and Islamic Studies, p. 17-19) ¶ By all accounts, the Nvar …that shape much of the analysis on Yemen today.
The affirmative mistakes the questions of politics with that of law which ensures serial policy failure – new statutory restrictions on presidential war powers inevitably centralize power in the hands of elite experts and insulate the decision making process from public debate. Rana, ’11 Aziz Rana received his A.B. summa cum laude from Harvard College and his J.D. from Yale Law School. He also earned a Ph.D. in political science at Harvard, where his dissertation was awarded the university's Charles Sumner Prize. He was an Oscar M. Ruebhausen Fellow in Law at Yale; “Who Decides on Security?”; 8/11/11; Cornell Law Library; http://scholarship.law.cornell.edu/clsops_papers/87/ Despite such democratic concerns, …arrangements to become ever more entrenched.
Security renders lawfare a tool of violent biopolitical governance---the result is endless violence John Morrissey 11, Lecturer in Political and Cultural Geography, National University of Ireland, Galway; has held visiting research fellowships at University College Cork, City University of New York, Virginia Tech and the University of Cambridge. Liberal Lawfare and Biopolitics: US Juridical Warfare in the War on Terror, Geopolitics, Volume 16, Issue 2, 2011 Security, not liberty: the ‘permanent emergency’ of the security society The US military’s evident disdain for …biopolitics defining the current age of securitization.
Our alternative is to refuse technical debates about war powers in favor of subjecting the 1ac’s security epistemology to rigorous democratic scrutiny. State centered security will always fail because it centers its calculus on wild risk assessment—only by interrogating the epistemological assumptions of their securitization and the causes of crises can we solve them Ahmed 12 Dr. Nafeez Mosaddeq Ahmed is Executive Director of the Institute for Policy Research and Development (IPRD), an independent think tank focused on the study of violent conflict, he has taught at the Department of International Relations, University of Sussex "The international relations of crisis and the crisis of international relations: from the securitisation of scarcity to the militarisation of society" Global Change, Peace and Security Volume 23, Issue 3, 2011 Taylor Francis
While recommendations to shift our frame … and joined-up policy-making on these issues.
2/25/14
Security K 1nc
Tournament: Weber | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Gonzaga Bauer-Johnson | Judge: Stevenson, Copenhaver, Guevara Using national security to justify restraints on the executive is self-defeating. Security discourse consolidates authoritarian politics. RANA 11 Aziz Rana received his A.B. summa cum laude from Harvard College and his J.D. from Yale Law School. He also earned a Ph.D. in political science at Harvard, where his dissertation was awarded the university's Charles Sumner Prize. He was an Oscar M. Ruebhausen Fellow in Law at Yale; “Who Decides on Security?”; 8/11/11; Cornell Law Library; http://scholarship.law.cornell.edu/clsops_papers/87/ pg 1-7 Today politicians and legal scholars routinely … involvement in matters of threat and safety.
The apocalyptic imagining of climate change produces technological or treaty fixes which leave root cause of environment destruction intact Crist, 2k7 Eileen Crist, Associate Professor of Science and Technology Studies in the Center for Interdisciplinary Studies at Virginia Tech “Beyond the Climate Crisis: A Critique of Climate Change Discourse” Telos 141 Winter 2007 While the dangers of climate change … ongoing destruction of life on Earth.
Security is a psychological construct—the aff’s scenarios for conflict are products of paranoia that project our violent impulses onto the other Mack 91 – Doctor of Psychiatry and a professor at Harvard University (John, “The Enemy System” http://www.johnemackinstitute.org/eJournal/article.asp?id=23 *Gender modified) The threat of nuclear annihilation … from the leadership, contribute powerfully to the process.
The logic of security makes violence inevitable, and is the root cause of destructive features of contemporary modernity Burke 7 (Anthony, Senior Lecturer in Politics and International Relations at UNSW, Sydney, “Ontologies of War: Violence, Existence and Reason”, Theory and Event, 10.2, Muse) My argument here, whilst normatively …of insecurity and violence? Will our thought? The alternative is to reject the security discourse of the 1ac. We need to question the assumptions and language that frame policies. The alternative is a prerequisite to effective policies in the future Bruce 96 (Robert, Associate Professor in Social Science – Curtin University and Graeme Cheeseman, Senior Lecturer – University of New South Wales, Discourses of Danger and Dread Frontiers, p. 5-9) This goal is pursued in ways which are still … or choose not to understand them, and why?
1/26/14
Security k
Tournament: UNT | Round: 5 | Opponent: Kansas Harris-Wefald | Judge: Bonnet Security is a psychological construct—the aff’s scenarios for conflict are products of paranoia that project our violent impulses onto the other Mack 91 – Doctor of Psychiatry and a professor at Harvard University (John, “The Enemy System” http://www.johnemackinstitute.org/eJournal/article.asp?id=23 *Gender modified) The threat of nuclear annihilation … contribute powerfully to the process.
INTERNATIONAL LAW MASKS THE HEGEMONY OF GLOBAL POWER POLITICS, DICHOTOMIZING THE PLANET AND SUBORDINATING IT TO THE U.S.’s WILL Mutua 2002 Makau, Prof. Law @ Dir. HR Center, State U. of NY @ Buffalo, “Terrorism and Human Rights: Power, Culture, and Subordination,” 8 Buffalo Human Rights Law Review 1, LNuwyo-ajl The effects of the September 11 attacks on the … and American domination of the globe.
Alternative: Vote negative to embrace the inevitable vulnerability of life. Butler, 2004 Judith Butler, is an American post-structuralist philosopher, who has contributed to the fields of feminism, queer theory, political philosophy, and ethics. She is the Maxine Elliot professor in the Departments of Rhetoric and Comparative Literature at the University of California, Berkeley.) Precarious Life: The Powers of Mourning and Violence. Pg. 28-30 Mourning, fear, anxiety, rage. In the United States, …our bearings and find our way.
1/26/14
Security k
Tournament: Texas | Round: 4 | Opponent: Georgia Davis-Galerstein | Judge: Samuels Contemporary security is contingent on lashing out against those who are strange or unknown and is borne out of a fear of certain death that generates ressentiment because we cannot tame death nor truly ever be secure because the will to power ensures that there will always be violence Der Derian, 1995 (James, IR theorist and Philosopher, On Security “The Value of Security: Hobbes, Marx, Nietzsche and Baudrillard. Ed Ronnie Lipshutz” Online) Nietzsche transvalues both Hobbes's and Marx's …canalized into a cautious identity constructed from the calculation of risks and benefits.
These discourses of danger allow for the constructions of threats against the humanity when the real risk is nil, it also allow for the state to go after its geopolitical interests Jackson 05 Richard Jackson, Lecturer in International Security at The University of Manchester, “Security, Democracy, and the Rhetoric of Counter-Terrorism”, Democracy and Security, Volume 1, Issue 2, 2005, pages 147-171, Taylor and Francis Online Database, wyo-bb As David Campbell has shown, discourses of … writing the threat of terrorism is co-constitutive of the practice of counter-terrorism.
Fantasizing about an ideal world causes us to hate this world because it causes us pain we can’t deal with. This association of all that is good as not of this world expresses a hatred for the only one we’ve got—turns case. Only our relationship to life can escape this paradox of resentment. Turlani in 2003 (Aydan, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences Faculty of Letters and Sciences Istanbul Technical University, “Nietzsche and the Later Wittgenstein: An Offense to the Quest for Another World”, The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, 26 (2003), 55-63) The craving for absolutely general … which in Wittgenstein's terms aims "to show the fly the way out of the fly-bottle" (PI §309).
The creature of ressentiment seeks a blame for its misfortune—this blame creates its desire for endless violence and revenge against who is the cause of misfortune—it will portray the other as evil to ensure its moral calculus seems good Deleuze 83 Giles Deleuze, Prof of Philosophy @ U of Lyon, Paris, and Lycees, “Nietzsche and Philosophy,” p. 116-119
We must not be deceived by the …The slave needs, to set the other up as evil from the outset.
Value is Not Based on Duration of life – trying to evade death is not the same as living life—only by acknowledging that death is inevitable can we have value in life Razinsky, 2k9 (Liran Razinsky. “How to Look Death in the Eyes: Freud and Bataille” SubStance, Issue 119 (Volume 38, Number 2). 2009. Pg 76-81 ProjectMuse) Thus far we have mainly discussed … when death is left out, life “as it is” is false and superficial.
The Alternative is an affirmation of chance through a dicethrow—life is should be seen under a Dionysian paradigm, accepting life as it is, there is no certainty, but only perspective Deleuze 83 Giles Deleuze, Prof of Philosophy @ U of Lyon, Paris, and Lycees, “Nietzsche and Philosophy,” p. 25-27 The game has two moments which are those of a …repetition of a dicethrow by the nature of the fatally obtained number. 23
2/13/14
Security k
Tournament: Texas | Round: 4 | Opponent: Georgia Davis-Galerstein | Judge: Samuels Contemporary security is contingent on lashing out against those who are strange or unknown and is borne out of a fear of certain death that generates ressentiment because we cannot tame death nor truly ever be secure because the will to power ensures that there will always be violence Der Derian, 1995 (James, IR theorist and Philosopher, On Security “The Value of Security: Hobbes, Marx, Nietzsche and Baudrillard. Ed Ronnie Lipshutz” Online) Nietzsche transvalues both Hobbes's and Marx's …canalized into a cautious identity constructed from the calculation of risks and benefits.
These discourses of danger allow for the constructions of threats against the humanity when the real risk is nil, it also allow for the state to go after its geopolitical interests Jackson 05 Richard Jackson, Lecturer in International Security at The University of Manchester, “Security, Democracy, and the Rhetoric of Counter-Terrorism”, Democracy and Security, Volume 1, Issue 2, 2005, pages 147-171, Taylor and Francis Online Database, wyo-bb As David Campbell has shown, discourses of … writing the threat of terrorism is co-constitutive of the practice of counter-terrorism.
Fantasizing about an ideal world causes us to hate this world because it causes us pain we can’t deal with. This association of all that is good as not of this world expresses a hatred for the only one we’ve got—turns case. Only our relationship to life can escape this paradox of resentment. Turlani in 2003 (Aydan, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences Faculty of Letters and Sciences Istanbul Technical University, “Nietzsche and the Later Wittgenstein: An Offense to the Quest for Another World”, The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, 26 (2003), 55-63) The craving for absolutely general … which in Wittgenstein's terms aims "to show the fly the way out of the fly-bottle" (PI §309).
The creature of ressentiment seeks a blame for its misfortune—this blame creates its desire for endless violence and revenge against who is the cause of misfortune—it will portray the other as evil to ensure its moral calculus seems good Deleuze 83 Giles Deleuze, Prof of Philosophy @ U of Lyon, Paris, and Lycees, “Nietzsche and Philosophy,” p. 116-119
We must not be deceived by the …The slave needs, to set the other up as evil from the outset.
Value is Not Based on Duration of life – trying to evade death is not the same as living life—only by acknowledging that death is inevitable can we have value in life Razinsky, 2k9 (Liran Razinsky. “How to Look Death in the Eyes: Freud and Bataille” SubStance, Issue 119 (Volume 38, Number 2). 2009. Pg 76-81 ProjectMuse) Thus far we have mainly discussed … when death is left out, life “as it is” is false and superficial.
The Alternative is an affirmation of chance through a dicethrow—life is should be seen under a Dionysian paradigm, accepting life as it is, there is no certainty, but only perspective Deleuze 83 Giles Deleuze, Prof of Philosophy @ U of Lyon, Paris, and Lycees, “Nietzsche and Philosophy,” p. 25-27 The game has two moments which are those of a …repetition of a dicethrow by the nature of the fatally obtained number. 23
2/13/14
Space Weapons Good
Tournament: UMKC | Round: 2 | Opponent: Kansas GR | Judge: Gannon, Andres Space is being weaponized now-diplomacy will fail
Kueter 07 (Jeff Kueter, President of George C. Marshall Institute. “Crossing the Rubicon in Space Again: Iacta alea est”, Jan, http://www.marshall.org/pdf/materials/492.pdf//wyoccd) There can be... will have little impact.
China is weaponizing space now and will continue to
Attacks are inevitable in the status quo; recent indicators prove it’s only a matter of time–and all of their generic impact defense doesn’t apply because PLA is insulated from Chinese leadership
The PLA is uniquely moved to miscalculation because of political tone-deafness, this guarantees pre-emption and conflict
MacDonald 11 (Bruce is a Senior Director of the Nonproliferation and Arms Control Program and the U.S. Institute of Peace. CQ Congressional Testimony, “MILITARY AND CIVIL SPACE PROGRAMS IN CHINA” Page 50-51. 5/11/11wyoccd) One characteristic of ... conflict in the years ahead.
Conflict causes a US-China War that has the potential to go nuclear
Forden 08 (Geoffrey has a PhD and is a Research Associate at MIT, “How China Loses the Coming Space War (Pt. 2),” 1/10, http://www.wired.com/dangerroom/2008/01/inside-the-ch-1/,wyoccd) The United States has ...a clear military goal.
Chinese aggression causes regional conflict-being the first to weaponize solves
Tellis 07 (Ashley J. Tellis is a senior associate, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and U.S. Department of State as senior adviser to the undersecretary of state for political affairs. “Punching the U.S. Military’s “Soft Ribs”: China’s Antisatellite Weapon Test in Strategic Perspective.” Carnegie Endowment Policy Brief 51. http://www.carnegieendowment.org/publications/?fa=viewandid=19317//wyoccd) China’s own strategic a ...to an all-out war.
Space based missile defense would fail – satellites absenteeism and vulnerability would make it ineffective
Gallagher and Steinbruner 08 Nancy Gallagher, the Associate Director for Research at the Center for International and Security Studies at Maryland (CISSM) and a Senior Research Scholar at the University of Maryland’s School of Public Policy and John D. Steinbruner, a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and co-chair of the Committee on International Security Studies of the American Academy. He is a Professor of Public Policy at the University of Maryland and Director of the Center for International and Security Studies at Maryland. “Reconsidering the Rules for Space Security”. American Academy of Arts and Sciences. 2008. www.amacad.org/publications/space_security.pdfwyoccd Some space applications, such... highly destabilizing ways.
9/21/13
T - Signature Strikes
Tournament: Weber | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Gonzaga Bauer-Johnson | Judge: Stevenson, Copenhaver, Guevara Interpretation and violation: Targeted killings are strikes carried about against pre-meditated, individually designated targets---signature strikes are distinct Kenneth Anderson 11, Professor at Washington College of Law, American University, Hoover Institution visiting fellow, Non-Resident Visiting Fellow at Brookings, “Distinguishing High Value Targeted Killing and ‘Signature’ Attacks on Taliban Fighters,” August 29 2011, http://www.volokh.com/2011/08/29/distinguishing-high-value-targeted-killing-and-signature-attacks-on-taliban-fighters/ From the US standpoint, … much without knowing what mission is at issue. Vote neg --- signature strikes and targeted killings are distinct operations with entirely separate lit bases and advantages---they kill precision and limits Kenneth Anderson 11, Professor at Washington College of Law, American University, Hoover Institution visiting fellow, Non-Resident Visiting Fellow at Brookings, “Efficiency in Bello and ad Bellum: Targeted Killing Through Drone Warfare,” Sept 23 2011, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1812124 Although targeted killing and drone warfare …rather than individualized “high value” targets, whether Taliban or Al Qaeda.
1/26/14
T Metaphor Bad For debate
Tournament: 2013babyjo | Round: 4 | Opponent: Washburn Mikkelsen-Januszka | Judge: Feldman Interpretation: the resolution should be interpreted as literal as possible
Vio: they use the resolution as a metaphor
This is bad: Predictable ground: they remove any stable meaning from the rez, this means the negative cannot predict, or research, any arguments and expect them to apply Competitive equity: debates are always skewed in favor of the aff they can read a new unpredictable aff every debate negatives wont ever win
Topic education: loose debates about war powers authority under the various topic areas, teams have no incentive to research if the meaning of the rez always changes and their interp of the topic moves research to generic philosophical thoughts than specific proposals
Bi-directional—they could literally do the opposite of the rez, that’s is bad Each reason above is an independent reason to vote negative, should evaluate through competing interpretations, any of the above reasons is an example of why their interpretation can’t be reasonable
9/21/13
T Prohibit
Tournament: UNLV | Round: 6 | Opponent: Arizona State Chotras-Harbauer | Judge: Ziegler First intep- Restrict means prohibit
Jean Schiedler-Brown 12, Attorney, Jean Schiedler-Brown and Associates, Appellant Brief of Randall Kinchloe v. States Dept of Health, Washington, The Court of Appeals of the State of Washington, Division 1, http://www.courts.wa.gov/content/Briefs/A01/68642920Appellant20Randall20Kincheloe27s.pdf 3. The ordinary definition of the term "restrictions... to restrict his license.
Violation: Specific to team B. Standards:
Limits – The topic is already huge – 4 areas times 2 mechanisms all with separate literature and unique advantages – its an impossible research burden.
Vote negative- Topicality is a prima facie burden and should be evaluated as a question of competing interpretations.
10/20/13
T Restrict V Baylors AUMF Aff
Tournament: UNT | Round: 1 | Opponent: Baylor Sheaff-Walmsley | Judge: Pryor Interpretation “restriction” is a method of prohibiting authority P.A. Mohammed, J. Sri Chithira Aero And Adventure ... vs The Director General Of Civil ... on 24 January, 1997¶ Equivalent citations: AIR 1997 Ker 121¶ Sri Chithira Aero And Adventure ... vs The Director General Of Civil ... on 24 January, 1997. http://www.indiankanoon.org/doc/255504/?type=print 10. Microlight aircrafts or hang … and operation of aircrafts.
Executive authority stems from the constitution or statutory delegation. Gaziano, 2001 (Todd, senior fellow in Legal Studies and Director of the Center for Legal Judicial Studies at the Heritage Foundation, 5 Texas Review of Law and Politics 267, Spring, lexis) Although President Washington's … the Executive Branch.
This congressional authorization gave … the President's prosecution of this war.
Vote Neg
Limits – Their aff justifies any aff that has the judiciary or Congress clarify in ways that expand war powers - 1000s of ways to do that Ground – Increasing restrictions is key to stable neg link and cp ground – clarifications to authority make all DA links non-unique – bidirectional affs are especially bad because they are reading neg ground on the aff
Myth: The NSA program is illegal. …incident to the use of military force.
Extra T is a voter for limits – surveillance was rejected from the topic and is a whole new set of advantage ground and disads – it has to be a voting issue or it becomes a no risk issue for the Aff
1/26/14
T- PMCs arent
Tournament: Texas | Round: 6 | Opponent: Georgia State Nails-Stewart | Judge: Pryor Interpretation: Armed forces only include Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard. US Department of Defense, “United States Armed Forces,” Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms, 2005. Used to denote collectively …of the United States.
Violation: Plan restricts private contractors introduction into hostilities – armed forces doesn’t include private contractors Boston College Law Review, 2012 (“Restoring Constitutional Balance: Accommodating the Evolution of War”, November, 53 B.C. L. Rev 1767) Furthermore, the War Powers Resolution … did not apply. n326
Prefer our interpretation
Predictable limits: 5 branches of United States armed forces and subsections of those branches already provides substantial aff ground – expanding beyond ‘armed forces’ would include government civilians, CIA operatives, UAVS, and all other technological innovations explodes limits Boston College Law Review, 2012 (“Restoring Constitutional Balance: Accommodating the Evolution of War”, November, 53 B.C. L. Rev 1767) The scope of actors that fall … on behalf of the nation. n349
2. Historical precision: ‘Armed forces’ excludes private contractors – textual analysis, legislative history, and broad policy purposes prove. Exclusive interpretation should be preferred Lorber, 12 (“EXECUTIVE WARMAKING AUTHORITY AND OFFENSIVE CYBER OPERATIONS: CAN EXISTING LEGISLATION SUCCESSFULLY CONSTRAIN PRESIDENTIAL POWER?” Journal of Constitution Law, Vol. 15:3. Eric Lorber? J.D. Candidate, University of Pennsylvania Law School, Ph.D Candidate, Duke University Department of Political Science. 3/7/12 http://ssrn.com/abstract=2017036) KH C. The War Powers Resolution as Applied to Offensive Cyber Operations As discussed above, critical to the … deployment of U.S. personnel, not weapons, into hostilities.
T is a voting issue: fairness, education, jurisdiction, and should be evaluated by CI.
2/9/14
T- not nukes
Tournament: UTD | Round: 3 | Opponent: Houston Bates-Alexander | Judge: Guha-Majumdar The aff is not topical --- introducing armed forces only refers to human troops, not weapons systems such as nuclear weapons --- prefer our interpretation because it’s based on textual analysis, legislative history, and intent of the WPR Lorber 13 – Eric Lorber, J.D. Candidate, University of Pennsylvania Law School, Ph.D Candidate, Duke University Department of Political Science. January 2013, "Executive Warmaking Authority and Offensive Cyber Operations: Can Existing Legislation Successfully Constrain Presidential Power?" University of Pennsylvania Journal of Contsitutional Law, 15 U. Pa. J. Const. L. 961, lexis nexis As is evident from a textual analysis, … will not trigger the War Powers Resolution.
Vote negative for predictable limits --- nuclear weapons is a whole topic on its own --- requires research into a whole separate literature base --- undermines preparedness for all debates.
1/26/14
T- not treaties
Tournament: UNT | Round: 5 | Opponent: Kansas Harris-Wefald | Judge: Bonnet A. Interpretation: Statutory restrictions are only legislation that is passed by both houses of congress and signed by the president
Statutory restriction are limits placed on authorized activities by ruling legislation Black’s Law “statutory restriction”, http://thelawdictionary.org/statutory-restriction/, accessed 6-2-13, AFB Limits or controls that have been place on activities by its ruling legislation.
2. Statutes must be passed by both houses of legislature and signed by the president – only then does it become ruling legislation West’s Encyclopedia of American Law ed. 2, “statute,” 2008. http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/statute An act of a legislature that declares, … in book form and are available at law libraries.
B. Violation: The affirmative’s use of treaties does not occur through statutorily created ruling legislation. Statutes and treaties are distinct – differing origin points and status of law West’s Encyclopedia of American Law, ed. 2, “law,” 2008. http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Statutes+and+Treaties Statutes and Treaties¶ After the federal … treaties also apply to private citizens.
C. Prefer our interpretation:
Limits and ground: Expanding the restrictive mechanism into treaties and beyond statutes creates an unsustainable negative research burden to cover that many angles of restrictions – allows the affirmative to incorporate presidential origination and doesn’t include links to the house of representatives. Also creates unpredictable aff ground related to the treaty powers advantages.
2. Education: Treaties debates crowd out substantive education on domestic restrictions on presidential authority – we should assess the relative strength of statutory restrictions to other types of restrictions. D. Topicality is a voting issue – rule of game, fairness, and education
Risk is high now Matthew, et al, 10/2/13 Bunn, Matthew, Valentin Kuznetsov, Martin B. Malin, Yuri Morozov, Simon Saradzhyan, William H. Tobey, Viktor I. Yesin, and Pavel S. Zolotarev. "Steps to Prevent Nuclear Terrorism." Paper, Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Harvard Kennedy School, October 2, 2013, Matthew Bunn. Professor of the Practice of Public Policy at Harvard Kennedy School andCo-Principal Investigator of Project on Managing the Atom at Harvard University’s Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. • Vice Admiral Valentin Kuznetsov (retired Russian Navy). Senior research fellow at the Institute for U.S. and Canadian Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Senior Military Representative of the Russian Ministry of Defense to NATO from 2002 to 2008. • Martin Malin. Executive Director of the Project on Managing the Atom at the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. • Colonel Yuri Morozov (retired Russian Armed Forces). Professor of the Russian Academy of Military Sciences and senior research fellow at the Institute for U.S. and Canadian Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, chief of department at the Center for Military-Strategic Studies at the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces from 1995 to 2000. • Simon Saradzhyan. Fellow at Harvard University’s Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Moscow-based defense and security expert and writer from 1993 to 2008. • William Tobey. Senior fellow at Harvard University’s Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs and director of the U.S.-Russia Initiative to Prevent Nuclear Terrorism, deputy administrator for Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation at the U.S. National Nuclear Security Administration from 2006 to 2009. • Colonel General Viktor Yesin (retired Russian Armed Forces). Leading research fellow at the Institute for U.S. and Canadian Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences and advisor to commander of the Strategic Missile Forces of Russia, chief of staff of the Strategic Missile Forces from 1994 to 1996. • Major General Pavel Zolotarev (retired Russian Armed Forces). Deputy director of the Institute for U.S. and Canadian Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, head of the Information and Analysis Center of the Russian Ministry of Defense from1993 to 1997, section head - deputy chief of staff of the Defense Council of Russia from 1997 to 1998.http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/publication/23430/steps_to_prevent_nuclear_terrorism.html I. Introduction In 2011, Harvard’s Belfer … acquire and use nuclear weapons is as strong as ever . Nuclear terrorism causes extinction Morgan 9 Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yongin Campus – South Korea (Dennis, Futures, November, “World on fire: two scenarios of the destruction of human civilization and possible extinction of the human race,” Science Direct), accessed 9-16-2011,WYO/JF In a remarkable website on nuclear war, Carol Moore asks the question “Is Nuclear War Inevitable??” In Section , Moore points … a mutant human remnant, if there is such a remnant, to a life of unimaginable misery and suffering in a nuclear winter.
Hardline policies are necessary to solve terrorism---the aff’s a concession that emboldens attacks James Phillips 6, Frmr Research Fellow at the CRS. Senior Research Fellow for Middle Eastern Affairs at Council for Foreign Policy Studies. Bachelor’s in IR from Brown and Master’s in International Security Studies at Tufts, “The Evolving Al-Qaeda Threat,” 17 March 2006, http://www.heritage.org/research/homelandsecurity/hl928.cfm Al-Qaeda's core group is disciplined, … stand firm and refuse to appease them.
Extinction Owen B. Toon 7, chair of the Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences at CU-Boulder, et al., April 19, 2007, “Atmospheric effects and societal consequences of regional scale nuclear conflicts and acts of individual nuclear terrorism,” online: http://climate.envsci.rutgers.edu/pdf/acp-7-1973-2007.pdf To an increasing extent, people are congregating … present scenarios and physical outcomes.
1/26/14
Uncle Ted
Tournament: 2013babyjo | Round: 4 | Opponent: Washburn Mikkelsen-Januszka | Judge: Feldman First, the aff inhibits freedom by supporting a technological and economic system that denies individuals the ability to go through the power process with real goals.
Kaczynski in 1995 (Theodore, former assistant professor at the University of California, Berkeley, PhD in mathematics from the University of Michigan, Industrial Society and its Future, http://www.42inc.com/~estephen/manifesto/unabe2.html) 94. By "freedom" we mean the ... his high level of socialization.
And, the aff is a leftist project that suffers from oversocialization. The drive to restore ethics and morality in society maintains the industrial-technological system and produces guilt and defeatism.
Kaczynski in 1995 (Theodore, former assistant professor at the University of California, Berkeley, PhD in mathematics from the University of Michigan, Industrial Society and its Future, http://www.42inc.com/~estephen/manifesto/unabe2.html) 24. Psychologists use ... kids and so forth.
And, guilt expresses a hatred of this world that allows for a secret instinct of annihilation
Nietzsche, 1872 (Friedrich, philosopher, “The Birth of Tragedy” Online, MB) Already in the preface addressed... : I called it Dionysian. —
And, the industrial-technological system will guarantee the enslavement and eventual extinction of all living organisms.
Kaczynski in 1995 (Theodore, former assistant professor at the University of California, Berkeley, PhD in mathematics from the University of Michigan, Industrial Society and its Future, http://www.42inc.com/~estephen/manifesto/unabe2.html) 171. But suppose now that ... system and take the consequences.
The alternative is to destroy the industrial-technological system.
Only a revolutionary strategy against modern technology can break down the system. Any perm would compromise the revolution by enabling technological solutions to other problems.
Kaczynski in 1995 (Theodore, former assistant professor at the University of California, Berkeley, PhD in mathematics from the University of Michigan, Industrial Society and its Future, http://www.42inc.com/~estephen/manifesto/unabe2.html) 180. The technophiles are taking ... those recommendations should be discarded.
9/21/13
XO CP
Tournament: UNT | Round: 5 | Opponent: Kansas Harris-Wefald | Judge: Bonnet The Executive should reverse Al-Bihani and affirm through application of the Charming Betsy canon that treaties ratified by the United States are restrictions on the war power authority of the president.
It solves—it’s legally bound by the courts Posner and Vermeule 2010 Eric A. , Professor of Law at the University of Chicago Law School and Editor of The Journal of Legal Studies; Adrian , Harvard Law Professor, The Executive Unbound: After the Madisonian Republic, Oxford Press, p. 138-139wyo-sc Many of our mechanisms are … whether the constraint is formal or informal.
1/26/14
XO High Risk Standard CP
Tournament: Texas | Round: 6 | Opponent: Georgia State Nails-Stewart | Judge: Pryor The Executive branch of the United States should establish an intra-executive Commission on Wartime Contracting using a high risk activities standard. The Executive branch of the United States should adhere to the determinations of the Commission on Wartime Contracting.
An independent executive commission is comparatively better than congress at deciding PSC outsourcing—solves the flex disad link because it makes decisions rapidly and doesn’t get bogged down in congressional decision making Laplaca 2013 Anthony Laplaca, Former Washington DC Attorney General, "Settling the inherently governmental functions debate once and for all: the need for comprehensive legislation of private security contractors in Afghanistan," April 24, 2013, http://iissonline.net/settling-the-inherently-governmental-functions-debate-once-and-for-all-the-need-for-comprehensive-legislation-of-private-security-contractors-in-afghanistan-2/, wyo-sc Awarding contracts for core capabilities on an … its policy recommendations to Congress. (113)
2/9/14
esperanto CP
Tournament: UNT | Round: 5 | Opponent: Kansas Harris-Wefald | Judge: Bonnet Usono Federacia Judiciary devus sxangxi Al-Bihani kaj aserti per aplikado de la ?arma Betsy kanono ke traktatoj ratifita de Usono estas limigoj pri la milito potenco a?toritato de la prezidanto.
FIRST, THE COUNTERPLAN SPILLS OVER – EACH USE OF ESPERANTO PROVIDES A SITE FOR JUSTIFICATION OF FUTURE USE. INDEPENDENTLY – THE CP AVOIDS LINGUISTIC HEGEMONY THAT RELIES ON DOMINATION OF THE FEW OVER THE MANY – FLIPS THE AFF Janton 93 Pierre Janton (Prof. of English language and literature at the University of Clermont-Ferrand, in France) 1993 Esperanto: Language, Literature, and Community, p. 131-2, loghry Outside the movement, Esperanto may profit … Esperanto is essentially universal.
THE LANGUAGE OF International politics MUST BE ESPERANTO Daniele Archibugi (Italian National Research Council) 1/1/2005 “The Language of Democracy: Vernacular or Esperanto? A Comparison between the Multiculturalist and Cosmopolitan Perspectives” Political Studies, vol.53, 537-555, loghry
For these reasons, I oppose the … key to cosmopolitan citizenship.
1/26/14
flex da
Tournament: Texas | Round: 1 | Opponent: Northwestern McCarty-Pei | Judge: Jacob Presidential power is zero-sum- the branches compete Barilleaux and Kelley 2010 Ryan J. , Professor of Political Science at Miami, OH; and Christopher S. , Lecturer (Political Science) at Miami, OH, The Unitary Executive and the Modern Presidency, Texas AandM Press, p. P 196-197, 2010 wyo-sc In their book The Broken Branch, …stewardship of foreign policy and spending.
Strong executive key to solve climate change-lack of congressional action prevents solvency in the squo and executive negotiating power key to check environmental and economic collapse Wold 2012 Chris Wold, Professor of Law and Director, International Environmental Law Project (IELP), 2012, Lewis and Clark Law School, 2012, CASE WESTERN RESERVE JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW·VOL. 45·2012, uwyoamp
In 2007, then-Senator Barack Obama wrote, … that lies ahead if we fail to take more aggressive action.
Studies show warming is human caused and will cause extinction Ahmed 2010 (Nafeez Ahmed, Executive Director of the Institute for Policy Research and Development, professor of International Relations and globalization at Brunel University and the University of Sussex, Spring/Summer 2010, “Globalizing Insecurity: The Convergence of Interdependent Ecological, Energy, and Economic Crises,” Spotlight on Security, Volume 5, Issue 2, online) Perhaps the most notorious indicator …survival of all life on earth.xi
2/13/14
heg bad 1nc
Tournament: UTD | Round: 2 | Opponent: Missouri State Miller Russo | Judge: Murray New great powers are rising and will soon be on par with the us—prefer our evidence because it cites the two most important indicators of a power shift
Layne 12 Chris, Professor of IR and Political Science at Texas AandM, “This Time It’s Real: The End of Unipolarity and the Pax Americana”, p. online wyo-tjc American decline is … challenge the United States. Multipolarity will arrive in two decades as other powers catch up to the US—transition to offshore balancing now is key to avoid unending cycles of warfare
Layne 9 Christopher, Professor of Political Science at Texas AandM, Review of International Studies, “America’s Middle East grand strategy after Iraq: the moment for offshore balancing has arrived”, 2009, p. asp Some primacists believe …the next decade or two. We outweigh- only a risk of a global nuclear war in a world of US primacy
Layne in 6 Christopher, Professor of Political Science at Texas AandM, The Peace of Illusions: American Grand Strategy from 1940 to Present, Cornell University Press (Ithica), p. 176 wyo-tjc
If we assume, …probably, for any reason).
1/5/14
heg bad 1nc
Tournament: UTD | Round: 2 | Opponent: Missouri State Miller Russo | Judge: Murray New great powers are rising and will soon be on par with the us—prefer our evidence because it cites the two most important indicators of a power shift Layne 12 Chris, Professor of IR and Political Science at Texas AandM, “This Time It’s Real: The End of Unipolarity and the Pax Americana”, p. online wyo-tjc American decline is part of…. to challenge the United States.
Multipolarity will arrive in two decades as other powers catch up to the US—transition to offshore balancing now is key to avoid unending cycles of warfare Layne 9 Christopher, Professor of Political Science at Texas AandM, Review of International Studies, “America’s Middle East grand strategy after Iraq: the moment for offshore balancing has arrived”, 2009, p. asp Some primacists believe that…next decade or two.
We outweigh- only a risk of a global nuclear war in a world of US primacy Layne in 6 Christopher, Professor of Political Science at Texas AandM, The Peace of Illusions: American Grand Strategy from 1940 to Present, Cornell University Press (Ithica), p. 176 wyo-tjc
If we assume, just for the …, probably, for any reason).
1/26/14
marx k 1nc
Tournament: UNT | Round: 7 | Opponent: Central Oklahoma Botkin-Hamm | Judge: DiPiazza Here’s a question – why is materialist criticism of capitalist social relations so utterly absent from Judith Butler’s theorizations of power and her critique of the ‘War on Terror’? Their affirmative, with its emphasis on the ethics of the Other, mourning, and representation, is the epitome of a toothless, facile leftism that is secretly wedded to the core of the system it hopes to critique. The desire for the public sphere to become inclusive of mourning and different understandings of the human is nothing more than an alibi for the liberal-democratic-capitalist status quo. Butler’s critical public perpetually plays the loyal opposition to the system, never willing to question its foundations. Putting our activist eggs in the affirmative’s basket is quite literally a recipe for political irrelevance and capitalist domination. Paul Smith, Professor of Cultural Studies at George Mason University, 2004, symploke, Vol. 12, No. 1-2, p. 259-260 What all this amounts to, as I'm sure .. were its proper and uncontested location.
Furthermore, we’ve got problems with their discursive politics. Their focus on subjects excluded from normative conceptions of the human has malicious political consequences – Butler’s argument for expanding our conception of the human doesn’t actually change any of the underlying conditions of representation she critiques. Even worse, their focus on representations gives rise to a politics in which people whose identities are defined by class and capitalism and have no relation to ‘normative conceptions of the human’ are excluded from view. This isn’t just a link of omission – it’s a structural necessity of their politics of representation, which makes it just as exclusive as the sovereign politics they critique. Paul Smith, Professor of Cultural Studies at George Mason University, 2004, symploke, Vol. 12, No. 1-2, p. 256-257 The nub of all this comes early in …. anything to do with it.
Butler’s refusal to interrogate the material conditions of the present is not an anomaly – it’s symptomatic of a larger problem within the contemporary left: an obsessive attachment to mourning and melancholy. In Butler’s politics, a narcissistic attachment to our own identities and discourses is elevated above any commitment to change the material circumstances we find ourselves in. Butler and those who subscribe to her discursive politics come to love their identities as critics so intensely that they nurture them at the expense of even the hope of a radical societal transformation. Wendy Brown, Professor of Political Science at UC-Berkeley, 2002, Loss: The Politics of Mourning, p. 458-460 For the last two decades, cultural theorist Stuart … the terms Left, Socialism, Marx, or the Movement.
This has the devastating consequence of extinction DYER-WITHERFORD (professor of Library and Info. Sciences at the U of Western Ontario) 1999 Nick. Cyber Marx: Cycles and Circuits of Struggle in High Technology Capitalism. For capitalism, the use of machines … mastery has backfired is all too obvious.
Vote Negative to validate and adopt the method of structural/historical criticism that is the 1NC. METHOD IS THE FOREMOST POLITICAL QUESTION BECAUSE ONE MUST UNDERSTAND EXISTING SOCIAL TOTALITY BEFORE ONE CAN HOW TO ACT—GROUNDING THE SITES OF POLITICAL CONTESTATION OUTSIDE OF LABOR MERELY SERVE TO HUMANIZE CAPITAL AND PREVENT A TRANSITION BEYOND OPPRESSION TUMINO (Prof. English @ Pitt) 2001 Stephen, “What is Orthodox Marxism and Why it Matters Now More than Ever”, Red Critique, p. online wyo-tjc Any effective political theory will … that masquerades as social theory.
1/26/14
occularcentrism pic
Tournament: Weber | Round: 1 | Opponent: Johnson County Community College Brower-Freeman-Nation | Judge: Rodriguez We affirm “for talking against the states hegemonic view from above” in debate but reject the 1AC’s use of a powerpoint.
Your politics relies on occularcentrism- Visuality is the context for white male protestant domination- a historically privileged acces to writing and legal power and a preference for visuality on the part of the elite created the preconditions for legal oppression. Visuality and its expression in visual metaphor are both the origin and mechanism of oppression Hibbits 94 Prof @ University of Pittsburgh School of Law, “Making Sense of Metaphors” 16 Cardozo Law Review 229 (1994) online @ http://faculty.law.pitt.edu/hibbitts/meta_int.htm, loghry
The traditional visuality of American … guarantor of patriarchal power.
1/26/14
peace k
Tournament: Texas | Round: 6 | Opponent: Georgia State Nails-Stewart | Judge: Pryor The logic of the affirmative asks how war should be waged rather than if war should be waged at all—their methods only spark temporary interest in the military-industrial complex—it leads to free reign of the mentality of constant war Lichterman 3 Andrew, Program Director of the Western States Legal Foundation, Missiles of Empire: America’s 21st Century Global Legions, WSLF Information Bulletin, Fall 2003, http://www.wslfweb.org/nukes.htm Criticizing the Hubcaps while …we are leaving the path of violence.
The aff uses an ethical approach that creates crisis-based politics that means that we will be infinitely entrenched in the system—viewing wars as distinct makes it so we ignore ongoing violence Cuomo 96 (Chris, prof of women’s studies @ UGA, War is Not Just an Event: Reflections on the Significance of Everyday Violence, Hypatia 11:4, Women and Violence, Autumn, pp. 30-45) Philosophical attention to war has …personnel, including women and nonhumans.
Internalized acceptance of war guarantees endless violence that ensures planetary destruction and structural violence Lawrence 9 Grant, “Military Industrial "War" Consciousness Responsible for Economic and Social Collapse,” OEN—OpEdNews, March 27 As a presidential candidate…present war consciousness is creating.
The alternative is to reject the 1AC’s crisis-driven politics. Moving away from the aff’s crisis-driven politics is key to solvency Cuomo 96 Professor of Philosophy, 1996 Chris, Hypatia 11.4, proquest Wyo-BF Moving away from crisis-driven … other state-funded militaristic campaigns.
Our act of resistance is key to destroying the military occupation of our mind and creating true democracy Hayden 11 (Tom, an American social and political activist and politician, known for his involvement in the animal rights and the anti-war and civil war movements of the 1960s, sacramento news and Review, 9/08/11) The news that this is not a physical … about “the clash of civilizations”—i.e., the West vs. the Muslim world.
2/9/14
security 1nc
Tournament: Weber | Round: Octas | Opponent: Gonzaga Elias-Hendricks | Judge: Elliott, Johnson, Van Luvanee Terrorism is fluid and unspecifiable, the attempt to solve or prevent terrorism, leads to an infinite war in the name of security Hartley 2008 (Lucy, “War and Peace, or Governmentality as the ruin of Democracy.” Foucault in an Age of Terror. Pg 133-34, mb) We live in deeply troubling times. The so-called … nor a precise target.
The logic of security makes violence inevitable, and is the root cause of destructive features of contemporary modernity Burke 7 (Anthony, Senior Lecturer in Politics and International Relations at UNSW, Sydney, “Ontologies of War: Violence, Existence and Reason”, Theory and Event, 10.2, Muse) My argument here, whilst normatively …violence? Will our thought? The alternative is to reject the security discourse of the 1ac. We need to question the assumptions and language that frame policies. The alternative is a prerequisite to effective policies in the future Bruce 96 (Robert, Associate Professor in Social Science – Curtin University and Graeme Cheeseman, Senior Lecturer – University of New South Wales, Discourses of Danger and Dread Frontiers, p. 5-9) This goal is pursued in ways which are …to understand them, and why?
1/26/14
security 1nc
Tournament: Texas | Round: 1 | Opponent: Northwestern McCarty-Pei | Judge: Jacob War powers policy analysis is plagued with flawed scholarship based on constructed threats to US national security – these threats reify the power of the executive while resulting in endless warfare – questioning the underlying assumptions of the knowledge presented in the 1AC is critical to creating a base for substantive political change Rana, ’11 Aziz Rana received his A.B. summa cum laude from Harvard College and his J.D. from Yale Law School. He also earned a Ph.D. in political science at Harvard, where his dissertation was awarded the university's Charles Sumner Prize. He was an Oscar M. Ruebhausen Fellow in Law at Yale; “Who Decides on Security?”; 8/11/11; Cornell Law Library; http://scholarship.law.cornell.edu/clsops_papers/87/ pg 1-7 Today politicians and legal scholars routinely invoke … popular involvement in matters of threat and safety.
The logic of security makes violence inevitable, and is the root cause of destructive features of contemporary modernity Burke 7 (Anthony, Senior Lecturer in Politics and International Relations at UNSW, Sydney, “Ontologies of War: Violence, Existence and Reason”, Theory and Event, 10.2, Muse) My argument here, whilst normatively … rule of insecurity and violence? Will our thought? The alternative is to reject the security discourse of the 1ac. We need to question the assumptions and language that frame policies. The alternative is a prerequisite to effective policies in the future Bruce 96 (Robert, Associate Professor in Social Science – Curtin University and Graeme Cheeseman, Senior Lecturer – University of New South Wales, Discourses of Danger and Dread Frontiers, p. 5-9) This goal is pursued in ways which are still … choose not to understand them, and why?
2/13/14
security k 1nc
Tournament: UTD | Round: 2 | Opponent: Missouri State Miller Russo | Judge: Murray Security is a psychological construct—the aff’s scenarios for conflict are products of paranoia that project our violent impulses onto the other Mack 91 – Doctor of Psychiatry and a professor at Harvard University (John, “The Enemy System” http://www.johnemackinstitute.org/eJournal/article.asp?id=23 *Gender modified)
The threat of nuclear annihilation has …, contribute powerfully to the process. Maintaining hegemony accelerates paranoid imperial violence – their obsession manufactures threats and conceals the US’ role in enemy construction – the alternative makes visible power relationships that enable endless warfare McClintock 9 (Anne, Simone de Beauvoir Professor of English and Women’s and Gender Studies at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, "Paranoid Empire: Specters from Guantánamo and Abu Ghraib," Muse) By now it is fair to say that the United States …unspeakable violence. For how else can we understand such debauches of cruelty?
Focus on security denies value to life—replacing it with ordered safety and control Der Derian, 1995 (James, IR theorist and Philosopher, On Security “The Value of Security: Hobbes, Marx, Nietzsche and Baudrillard. Ed Ronnie Lipshutz” Online Nietzsche transvalues both Hobbes's and Marx's interpretations … from the calculation of risks and benefits.
The apocalyptic imagining of climate change produces technological or treaty fixes which leave root cause of environment destruction intact Crist, 2k7 Eileen Crist, Associate Professor of Science and Technology Studies in the Center for Interdisciplinary Studies at Virginia Tech “Beyond the Climate Crisis: A Critique of Climate Change Discourse” Telos 141 Winter 2007 While the dangers of climate change … destruction of life on Earth.
Alternative: Vote negative to embrace the inevitable vulnerability of life. Butler, 2004 Judith Butler, is an American post-structuralist philosopher, who has contributed to the fields of feminism, queer theory, political philosophy, and ethics. She is the Maxine Elliot professor in the Departments of Rhetoric and Comparative Literature at the University of California, Berkeley.) Precarious Life: The Powers of Mourning and Violence. Pg. 28-30
Mourning, fear, anxiety, rage. In the United …our bearings and find our way.
1/26/14
t hostilities
Tournament: Texas | Round: 4 | Opponent: Georgia Davis-Galerstein | Judge: Samuels Interpretation—“Hostilities” require an active exchange of fire with enemy force Blue Lee, U.S. Senator from Utah, and Koh, Legal Adviser of the U.S. Department of State and Sterling Professor of International Law at Yale, 6/28/2011 (Mike and Harold, Libya and War Powers, hearing of the U.S. Senate Foreign Relations Committee, CQ Testimony, Lexis) First question I'd like to ask you relates to …executive branch to give clarification.
Violation: Aff increases environmental restrictions on armed forces C. REASONS TO PREFER.
Limits. Their interpretation opens aff case choice to any regulation of military activities, including how troops relate to each other interpersonally, like sexual harassment. Case specific preparation would be impossible 2. Ground Changing military activities should be negative counterplan ground against reducing presidential war powers. They steal DA ground on presidential powers by regulating internal military affairs. 3. Bright line Plan should restrict presidential war power to commit troops to hostilities. They have no bright line, which requires subjective judge intervention D. TOPICALITY IS A VOTER. For reasons of education, fairness and jurisdiction.
2/13/14
t hostilities
Tournament: Texas | Round: 4 | Opponent: Georgia Davis-Galerstein | Judge: Samuels Interpretation—“Hostilities” require an active exchange of fire with enemy force Blue Lee, U.S. Senator from Utah, and Koh, Legal Adviser of the U.S. Department of State and Sterling Professor of International Law at Yale, 6/28/2011 (Mike and Harold, Libya and War Powers, hearing of the U.S. Senate Foreign Relations Committee, CQ Testimony, Lexis) First question I'd like to ask you relates to …executive branch to give clarification.
Violation: Aff increases environmental restrictions on armed forces C. REASONS TO PREFER.
Limits. Their interpretation opens aff case choice to any regulation of military activities, including how troops relate to each other interpersonally, like sexual harassment. Case specific preparation would be impossible 2. Ground Changing military activities should be negative counterplan ground against reducing presidential war powers. They steal DA ground on presidential powers by regulating internal military affairs. 3. Bright line Plan should restrict presidential war power to commit troops to hostilities. They have no bright line, which requires subjective judge intervention D. TOPICALITY IS A VOTER. For reasons of education, fairness and jurisdiction.
2/13/14
t restrict
Tournament: Texas | Round: 1 | Opponent: Northwestern McCarty-Pei | Judge: Jacob First intep- Restrict means prohibit
Jean Schiedler-Brown 12, Attorney, Jean Schiedler-Brown and Associates, Appellant Brief of Randall Kinchloe v. States Dept of Health, Washington, The Court of Appeals of the State of Washington, Division 1, http://www.courts.wa.gov/content/Briefs/A01/68642920Appellant20Randall20Kincheloe27s.pdf 3. The ordinary definition of the term "…agree to restrict his license.
B. Standards:
Limits – The topic is already huge – 4 areas times 2 mechanisms all with separate literature and unique advantages – its an impossible research burden. 2. Bidirectionality – Absent prohibition they can create conditions that functionally increase authority Vote negative- Topicality is a prima facie burden and should be evaluated as a question of competing interpretations.
Hardline policies are necessary to solve terrorism---the aff’s a concession that emboldens attacks James Phillips 6, Frmr Research Fellow at the CRS. Senior Research Fellow for Middle Eastern Affairs at Council for Foreign Policy Studies. Bachelor’s in IR from Brown and Master’s in International Security Studies at Tufts, “The Evolving Al-Qaeda Threat,” 17 March 2006, http://www.heritage.org/research/homelandsecurity/hl928.cfm Al-Qaeda's core group is disciplined, …stand firm and refuse to appease them.
Risk is high now Matthew, et al, 10/2/13 Bunn, Matthew, Valentin Kuznetsov, Martin B. Malin, Yuri Morozov, Simon Saradzhyan, William H. Tobey, Viktor I. Yesin, and Pavel S. Zolotarev. "Steps to Prevent Nuclear Terrorism." Paper, Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Harvard Kennedy School, October 2, 2013, Matthew Bunn. Professor of the Practice of Public Policy at Harvard Kennedy School andCo-Principal Investigator of Project on Managing the Atom at Harvard University’s Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. • Vice Admiral Valentin Kuznetsov (retired Russian Navy). Senior research fellow at the Institute for U.S. and Canadian Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Senior Military Representative of the Russian Ministry of Defense to NATO from 2002 to 2008. • Martin Malin. Executive Director of the Project on Managing the Atom at the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. • Colonel Yuri Morozov (retired Russian Armed Forces). Professor of the Russian Academy of Military Sciences and senior research fellow at the Institute for U.S. and Canadian Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, chief of department at the Center for Military-Strategic Studies at the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces from 1995 to 2000. • Simon Saradzhyan. Fellow at Harvard University’s Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Moscow-based defense and security expert and writer from 1993 to 2008. • William Tobey. Senior fellow at Harvard University’s Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs and director of the U.S.-Russia Initiative to Prevent Nuclear Terrorism, deputy administrator for Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation at the U.S. National Nuclear Security Administration from 2006 to 2009. • Colonel General Viktor Yesin (retired Russian Armed Forces). Leading research fellow at the Institute for U.S. and Canadian Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences and advisor to commander of the Strategic Missile Forces of Russia, chief of staff of the Strategic Missile Forces from 1994 to 1996. • Major General Pavel Zolotarev (retired Russian Armed Forces). Deputy director of the Institute for U.S. and Canadian Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, head of the Information and Analysis Center of the Russian Ministry of Defense from1993 to 1997, section head - deputy chief of staff of the Defense Council of Russia from 1997 to 1998.http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/publication/23430/steps_to_prevent_nuclear_terrorism.html I. Introduction In 2011, Harvard’s Belfer Center … acquire and use nuclear weapons is as strong as ever.
Extinction Owen B. Toon 7, chair of the Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences at CU-Boulder, et al., April 19, 2007, “Atmospheric effects and societal consequences of regional scale nuclear conflicts and acts of individual nuclear terrorism,” online: http://climate.envsci.rutgers.edu/pdf/acp-7-1973-2007.pdf To an increasing extent, people are …scenarios and physical outcomes.
1/26/14
xo White paper CP
Tournament: Weber | Round: Octas | Opponent: Gonzaga Elias-Hendricks | Judge: Elliott, Johnson, Van Luvanee The Executive Branch of the United States should ban signature strikes. The Executive branch should publicly articulate its legal rationale for its targeted killing policy, including the process and safeguards in place for target selection. The United States Congress should enact a resolution and issue a white paper stating that it has determined that the United States government is conducting such operations in full compliance with relevant laws, including but not limited to the Authorization to Use Military Force of 2001, covert action findings, and the President’s inherent powers under the Constitution. The CP’s the best middle ground---preserves the vital counter-terror role of targeted killings while resolving all their downsides Daniel Byman 13, Professor in the Security Studies Program at the Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University and a Senior Fellow at the Saban Center for Middle East Policy at the Brookings Institution, July/August 2013, “Why Drones Work,” Foreign Affairs, Vol. 92, No. 4 Despite President Barack Obama's …conflicts it could otherwise avoid.
Solves---the combination of executive disclosure and Congressional support boosts accountability and legitimacy Gregory McNeal 13, Associate Professor of Law, Pepperdine University, 3/5/13, “Targeted Killing and Accountability,” http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1819583 Perhaps the most obvious way … even the legality of the program."
1/26/14
xo cp
Tournament: Texas | Round: 1 | Opponent: Northwestern McCarty-Pei | Judge: Jacob The executive branch of the United States should restrict its immunity from judicial review by establishing a cause of action allowing civil suits brought against the United States by those unlawfully injured by targeted killing operations, their heirs, or their estates in security cleared legal proceedings.
Executive review solves—court can’t do it practically Murphy and Radsan 09 Richard Murphy is the ATandT Professor of Law, Texas Tech University School of Law. Afsheen John Radsan is a Professor, William Mitchell College of Law. He was assistant general counsel at the Central Intelligence Agency from 2002-2004., DUE PROCESS AND TARGETED KILLING OF TERRORISTS, uwyoamp This Article has explored the implications … power to kill suspected terrorists.
