Tournament: UMKC | Round: 1 | Opponent: Wake Forest LM | Judge: Phillip DiPiazza
Plan
Plan: The United States federal government should substantially increase statutory restrictions on the war powers authority of the President of the United States by establishing a federal court with jurisdiction over targeted killing orders.
.

Terrorism
The status quo expansion of drone warfare undermines the United States credibility, and breeds Anti-Americanism
Brooks 13
Rosa Brooks, Prof of Law @ Georgetown University Law Center and Bernard Schwartz Senior Fellow at the New America Foundation, Statement for the Record Submitted the Senate Committee on Armed Services, May 16, 2013.
Mr. Chairman, let me close with a plea for perspective. We live
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and exceptional circumstances. ¶ Thank you for the opportunity to testify today.
Exclusive executive decision making in drone strikes makes groupthink and errors inevitable
Chebab, 2012
Ahmad, Georgetown University Law Center, Retrieving the Role of Accountability in the Targeted Killings Context: A Proposal for Judicial Review, 3-30-12, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2031572 /Wyo-MB
The practical, pragmatic justification for the COAACC derives largely from considering¶ social psychological
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and other associated deficiencies are inevitable features in Executive Branch decision-making.
Judicial review solves groupthink
Chebab, 2012
Ahmad, Georgetown University Law Center, Retrieving the Role of Accountability in the Targeted Killings Context: A Proposal for Judicial Review, 3-30-12, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2031572 /Wyo-MB
To check the vices of groupthink and shortcomings of human judgment, the psychology literature
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choices and evaluate available alternatives than when subject to little to no review.

Effective drones are the best internal to solve blowback
Masood 13
(Hassan, Monmouth College, “Death from the Heavens: The Politics of the United States’ Drone Campaign in Pakistan’s Tribal Areas,” 2013) /wyo-mm
Those who support the use of drones as an important counter-insurgency tactic nonetheless
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.S. drone strikes have killed more terrorists or produced more terrorists.”

Plans review process is key to avoid massive casualties from signature strikes
Guiora, 2012
Amos, Professor of Law, S.J. Quinney College of Law, University of Utah, Targeted killing: when proportionality gets all out of proportion, Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law. 45.1-2 (Fall 2012): p235., Academic onefile /Wyo-MB
The unitary executive theory aggressively articulated, and implemented, by the Bush Administration has
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information to an independent judiciary as a precursor to engaging in operational counterterrorism.
Civilian casualties are key to AQAP Recruitment
Johnsen 12
Gregory D. Johnsen, author, former Fulbright Fellow in Yemen, currently a Ph.D. candidate in Near Eastern Studies at Princeton University and the author of the Yemen blog, Waq al-Waq, “A Profile of AQAP’s Upper Echelon,” Jul 24, 2012
 1 There have been conflicting reports as to whether or not U
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, and Civilians,” NPR All Things Considered, July 6, 2012.

AQAP is developing chemical weapons
Schmitt and Shanker 11
(Eric and Thom, and#34;Qaeda Trying to Harness Toxin, Ricin, for Bombs, US Says,and#34; New York Times, August 12, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/13/world/middleeast/13terror.html?_r=1)
WASHINGTON — American counterterrorism officials are increasingly concerned that the most dangerous regional arm of
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value for people who want to be jihadists and plot against the West.”
Chemical weapons attack causes nuclear retaliation
Conley 03
(Harry W., chief of the systems analysis Branch, Directorate of Requirements, Air and Space Power Journal- Spring 2003- http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/apj/apj03/spr03/conley.html)
The number of American casualties suffered due to a WMD attack may well be the
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be more than just a possibility, whatever promises had been made.”48

Terrorist retaliation causes nuclear war – draws in Russia and China
Ayson 10
Robert Ayson, Professor of Strategic Studies and Director of the Centre for Strategic Studies: New Zealand at the Victoria University of Wellington, 2010 (“After a Terrorist Nuclear Attack: Envisaging Catalytic Effects,” Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, Volume 33, Issue 7, July, Available Online to Subscribing Institutions via InformaWorld)
A terrorist nuclear attack, and even the use of nuclear weapons in response by
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be admitted that any preemption would probably still meet with a devastating response.

AQAP has the intent and capacity to shut down the Bab al-Mandeb
Thomas 11
(Matthew, MA Nonproliferation and Terrorism Studies, “Al Qaeda in the Land of Faith and Wisdom: The Fall of Saleh and March on Al-Aqsa,” Monterey Institute of International Studies, May 8)
AQAP is well aware of the positive implications of Yemen’s strategic location in the Gulf
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already struggling to recover from rampant political revolutions could follow Yemen into chaos.
Closing the strait collapses the economy—It controls 30 of world trade
UPI 10
(“Al-Qaida threatens to close key oil artery,” Feb. 24, 2010. UPI. http://www.upi.com/Top_News/Special/2010/02/24/Al-Qaida-threatens-to-close-key-oil-artery/UPI-27151267027462/#ixzz1XPTj8CWP. CR)
SANAA, Yemen, Feb. 24 (UPI) -- Amid the growing war
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, where it is making a major effort to secure allies and markets.

Economic decline causes protectionism and war – their defense doesn’t assume accompanying shifts in global power.
Royal 10 – Jedediah Royal, Director of Cooperative Threat Reduction at the U.S. Department of Defense, 2010, “Economic Integration, Economic Signaling and the Problem of Economic Crises,” in Economics of War and Peace: Economic, Legal and Political Perspectives, ed. Goldsmith and Brauer, p. 213-215
Less intuitive is how periods of economic decline may increase the likelihood of external conflict
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not featured prominently in the economic-security debate and deserves more attention.

Drone Prolif
First, the global drone arms race is underway now
Boyle 2013
MICHAEL J. BOYLE, Ph.D- Michael Boyle is an Assistant Professor of Political Science at La Salle University in Philadelphia. “The costs and consequences of drone warfare,” International Affairs, January 1, 2013, http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=946befe6-cb0f-406e-8eeb-8cf20833951040sessionmgr10andvid=1andhid=25//wyo-ng
A global arms race for drone technology is already under way. According to  one
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even that  will fade as more suppliers offer drones that can match US capabilities
Second, Drone courts limit executive behavior and are key to solve transparency in drone strikes
Wexler 13
(Lesley, Professor of Law, University of Illinois College of Law, “The Role of the Judicial Branch during the Long War: Drone Courts, Damage Suits, and FOIA Requests,” 2013, Social Science Research Network/) /wyo-mm
This chapter suggests the judiciary may play an important role in the debate over the
AND
. Even the threat of such judicial role may influence executive branch behavior.
Third, now is key, the US has a narrow window of opportunity to shape drone proliferation, only US reform based on transparency and restraint will solve
Zenko, 2013
Micah, Council of Foreign Relations, Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies, January 2013, Council Special Report No. 65, Online /Wyo-MB
In short, a world characterized by the proliferation of armed drones—used with
AND
the future, the United States should undertake the following specific policy recommendations.

Fourth, China will follow US precedent
CBS 5-3 (China emerges as new force in drone warfare, Associated Press, 3 May 2013, http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-202_162-57582699/china-emerges-as-new-force-in-drone-warfare/, da 8-3-13) PC
Chinaand#39;s move into large-scale drone deployment displays its militaryand#39;s growing sophistication and could
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There needs to be agreement on what the limits are,and#34; he said.
Fifth, Chinese Drone proliferation collapses Japan China relations, and increases instability between China and the U.S. in the South China Sea
Narayani Basu, 13
Writes for the IPCS, Institute of Peace and Conflict Stories  “China: The Dawn of the Drones” http://www.ipcs.org/article/military/china-the-dawn-of-the-drones-3948.html, accessed 9/2/13,WYO/JF
¶ The primary role of China’s growing drone programme is to help Beijing control and
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evidenced by the DSB report - in the top echelons of the Pentagon.
That draws in the US
John Blaxland 13, Senior Fellow at the Strategic and Defence Studies Centre, the Australian National University, and Rikki Kersten, Professor of modern Japanese political history in the School of International, Political and Strategic Studies at the College of Asia and the Pacific, the Australian National University, 2/13/13, “Escalating territorial tension in East Asia echoes Europe’s descent into world war,” http://www.eastasiaforum.org/2013/02/13/escalating-territorial-tension-in-east-asia-echoes-europes-descent-into-world-war/
The recent activation of Chinese weapons radars aimed at Japanese military platforms around the Senkaku
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that the outcome of wars is rarely as proponents conceived at the outset.
CONFLICT IN THE SCS ESCALATES TO FULL-SCALE NUCLEAR WAR
STRAITS TIMES 1995
staff, “Choose Your Own Style of Democracy”, May 21, p. ln wyo-tjc
In his speech, Dr Mahathir also painted three scenarios for Asia.
In the first -the worst possible scenario -Asian countries would go to war
AND
full-scale war breaks out with both sides resorting to nuclear weapons.
Failure to implement clear international standards for drone use makes global warfare from drone proliferation a certainty
Roberts, 2013
Kristin, national journal, When the Whole World Has Drones, 3-22-13, http://www.nationaljournal.com/magazine/when-the-whole-world-has-drones-20130321 /Wyo-MB
The proliferation of drone technology has moved well beyond the control of the United States
AND
uses of one of the most awesome military robotics capabilities of this generation.
And, Drone use erodes norms for war and causes global conflict that causes extinction
Falk, 2012
Richard, Richard Falk is Chair of the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation and Professor Emeritus at Princeton University, The Menace of Present and Future Drone Warfare, 2-13-12, http://www.wagingpeace.org/articles/db_article.php?article_id=328 /Wyo-MB
Perhaps, the most important difference between the torture and drone debates has to do
AND
of state-centric logic and the grandiose schemes of the geopolitical mentality.
Finally, the risk is high and impact defense doesn’t apply—Drone prolif erodes norms against war and makes conflict more likely
Cortright, 2011
David, director of policy studies for the Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies at the University of Notre Dame, The scary prospect of global drone warfare, 10-19-11, http://www.cnn.com/2011/10/19/opinion/cortright-drones /Wyo-MB
The development of drone weapons raises profound moral questions about the future of war.
AND
Assistance Mission in Afghanistan reported. Juneand#39;s death toll was almost as high.

Tournament: UNLV | Round: 1 | Opponent: California, Berkeley Greenbury-Wang | Judge: Miller

Drone Prolif

First, the global drone arms race is underway now

Boyle 2013
~MICHAEL J. BOYLE, Ph.D- Michael Boyle is an Assistant Professor of Political Science at La Salle University in Philadelphia. "The costs and consequences of drone warfare," International Affairs, January 1, 2013, http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=946befe6-cb0f-406e-8eeb-8cf20833951040sessionmgr1026vid=126hid=25//wyo-ng~~
A global arms race for drone technology is already under way. According to  one
AND
even that  will fade as more suppliers offer drones that can match US capabilities

Second, the US has a narrow window of opportunity to shape drone proliferation, only US reform based on transparency and restraint will solve

Zenko, 2013
~Micah, Council of Foreign Relations, Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies, January 2013, Council Special Report No. 65, Online~ /Wyo-MB
In short, a world characterized by the proliferation of armed drones—used with
AND
the future, the United States should undertake the following specific policy recommendations.

Third, Establishing a precedent of transparency and accountability spills over globally– a non-executive framework is key

Brooks 13 (Rosa, Professor of Law – Georgetown University Law Center, Bernard L. Schwartz Senior Fellow – New America Foundation, Former Counselor to the Undersecretary of Defense for Policy – Department of Defense, "The Constitutional and Counterterrorism Implications of Targeted Killing," Testimony Before the Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on the Constitution, Civil Rights, and Human Rights, 4-23, http://www.judiciary.senate.gov/pdf/04-23-13BrooksTestimony.pdf-http://www.judiciary.senate.gov/pdf/04-23-13BrooksTestimony.pdf)
5. Setting Troubling International Precedents Here is an additional reason to worry about the
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them to justify the killing of dissidents, rivals, or unwanted minorities?

Fourth, Drone courts are key limit executive behavior and to solve transparency ~Blue~

Wexler 13
(Lesley, Professor of Law, University of Illinois College of Law, "The Role of the Judicial Branch during the Long War: Drone Courts, Damage Suits, and FOIA Requests," 2013, Social Science Research Network/) /wyo-mm
This chapter suggests the judiciary may play an important role in the debate over the
AND
. Even the threat of such judicial role may influence executive branch behavior. 

Fifth, the plan solves international norms for drone use, US norms can shape and limit drone prolif and provide the ability to apply diplomatic pressure

Zenko, 2013
~Micah, Council of Foreign Relations, Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies, January 2013, Council Special Report No. 65, Online~ /Wyo-MB
History shows that how states adopt and use new military capabili- ties is often
AND
should be informed by comparable efforts in the realms of cyber and space.

Unfettered drone prolif causes deterrence crises that lead to nuclear conflict and Indo-Pak war

Boyle, 13 ~"The costs and consequences of drone warfare", MICHAEL J. BOYLE, International Affairs 89: 1 (2013) 1–29, assistant professor of political science at LaSalle University~
The emergence of this arms race for drones raises at least five long-term
AND
legal architecture which might avert some of the worst consequences of their use.

Indo Pak war causes extinction

Greg Chaffin 11, Research Assistant at Foreign Policy in Focus, July 8, 2011, "Reorienting U.S. Security Strategy in South Asia," online: http://www.fpif.org/articles/reorienting_us_security_strategy_in_south_asia
The greatest threat to regional security (although curiously not at the top of most
AND
well lead to all-out war between the two that couldquickly escalate.

Escalation uniquely likely now – no impact defense

Overdorf, 8/15/13 ~Jason, Overdorf covers India for GlobalPost. Overdorf has spent most of the past 15 years living and working in Asia. He worked as an editor with Dow Jones Newswires in New York, Singapore and Hong Kong before moving to New Delhi and becoming a freelance writer in 2002. He was a frequent contributor to the Far Eastern Economic Review until 2004, covering Indian politics, society and business. Since 2004, he has been a special correspondent at Newsweek International, where he writes on a wide range of topics. He has covered Sonia Gandhi’s surprising electoral victory, the ongoing problem of Hindu fundamentalism, the simmering conflict with Maoist rebels, and societal changes resulting from India’s meteoric economic growth.  He’s written for the Atlantic Monthly and the Asian Wall Street Journal. His travel articles, personal essays and political commentary have appeared in Smithsonian Magazine, Departures, Travelers’ Tales and other publications.  He has degrees in English literature and creative writing from Columbia University, Washington University and Boston University."Analysis: Are India and Pakistan headed for war? Under heavy shelling, Kashmir is again set to stymie the Indo-Pak peace process. And the risks are mounting" Citing Experts at the Woodrow Wilson Center, http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/war/conflict-zones/130814/analysis-are-india-and-pakistan-headed-war-http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/war/conflict-zones/130814/analysis-are-india-and-pakistan-headed-war~~
"This is a sad reality of India-Pakistan relations — whenever things are
AND
lead to escalation," Kugelman said. "And that’s a scary thought."

Credibility

Domestic and international support for the US drone program is collapsing, threatening to shut it down entirely. Reform is key.

Zenko, CFR Fellow, 13 (Micah, is the Douglas Dillon fellow in the Center for Preventive Action (CPA) at the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR)., "Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies," http://www.cfr.org/wars-and-warfare/reforming-us-drone-strike-policies/p29736)
In his Nobel Peace Prize acceptance speech, President Obama declared: "Where force
AND
if the United States modified its drone policy in the ways suggested below.

Current drone strikes undermine US legitimacy – Judicial Review is key

Crandall, 2012
~Carla, Law Clerk to the Honorable Laura Denvir Stith, Supreme Court of Missouri and the author was previously employed by the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, READY . . . FIRE . . . AIM21 A CASE FOR APPLYING AMERICAN DUE PROCESS PRINCIPLES BEFORE ENGAGING IN DRONE STRIKES, April, 2012 Florida Journal of International Law 24 Fla. J. Int’l L. 55, Lexis~ /Wyo-MB
Despite the expanded use of drones, however, the legitimacy of these attacks remains
AND
demand before U.S. officials engage in such actions. Part V 

Multiple Warrants

First, drone strikes as is hurt U.S. credibility – lack of transparency, oversight and restrictions allow any bombing to be blamed on the U.S.

Zenko 13, (Micah, fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations, with expertise in Conflict Prevention; US national security policy, military planning and operations and nuclear weapons policy. "Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies", Council on Foerign Relations Special Report no. 65, January 2013 http://www.cfr.org/wars-and-warfare/reforming-us-drone-strike-policies/p29736-http://www.cfr.org/wars-and-warfare/reforming-us-drone-strike-policies/p29736, pg15)

The problem with maintaining that drone strikes are covert is that both the American and
AND
, no congressional committee has conducted a hearing on any aspect of them.

====AND credibility will make the difference in maintaining hegemonic standing ====
APSA 9 (American Political Science Association, The American Political Science Association is the
AND
Consequences, ¶ and the Future," Task Force Report, October 2009,
http://www.apsanet.org/media/PDFs/APSAUSStandingShortFinal.pdf
p. 3-4)
U¶ nlike something a nation possesses and can easily measure, like wealth or
AND
of Americans, even when it has no readily observable ¶ behavioral implications.

Second, Only judicial review provides the due process necessary to solve confidence in targeting—key to viability of the program

Corey, Army Colonel, 12 (Colonel Ian G. Corey, "Citizens in the Crosshairs: Ready, Aim, Hold Your Fire?," http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA561582)
Alternatively, targeted killing decisions could be subjected to judicial review. 103 Attorney General
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of independent review that will both satisfy due process and boost public confidence.

Bolstering legitimacy is key to overall leadership and hegemony—boosts hard and soft power

Biegon, 2013
~Rubrick, PhD Candidate School of Politics and International Relations, University of Kent British International Studies Association (BISA) Conference – June 2013, The Banality of Smart Power: Reconstituting US Hegemony after Bush,
Although Nye maintains that concerns over American decline are overblown,48 there is little
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levels to expand American influence and establish the legitimacy of American action.53

Drones are critical to resolve U.S. military overreach and prevent reductions in power projection capacity

Rushforth JD candidate 12 (Elinor June, J.D. candidate, University of Arizona, James E. Rogers College of Law, "THERE’S AN APP FOR THAT: IMPLICATIONS OF ARMED DRONE ATTACKS AND PERSONALITY STRIKES BY THE UNITED STATES AGAINST NON-CITIZENS, 2004-2012" Arizona Journal of International and Comparative Law 29 Ariz. J. Int’l 26 Comp. Law 623, Lexis)
G. Arguments Made by Proponents of the Drone Program The drone program is a
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that its full focus is on protecting and growing our nation at home.

Heg prevents great power war

Brooks, Ikenberry, and Wohlforth ’13
(Stephen, Associate Professor of Government at Dartmouth College, John Ikenberry is the
AND
7–51), accessed 1/18/13,WYO/JF
A core premise of deep engagement is that it prevents the emergence of a far
AND
and that of potential rivals is by many measures growing rather than shrinking. 

Plan

The United States federal government should substantially increase statutory restrictions on the war powers authority of the President of the United States by establishing a federal counterterrorism oversight court with jurisdiction over targeted killing orders.

Solvency

The creation of a federal counterterror oversight court solves all problems with the targeted killing program and all disads to judicial review

Plaw, 2007
~Avery, Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Massachusetts at Dartmouth
AND
Academic OneFile. Web. 3 Oct. 2013~ /Wyo-MB
This final section offers a briefcase that there is room for a principled compromise between
AND
that terrorist targetings carried out in the future are uniformly legitimate and effective.

Tournament: Texas | Round: 2 | Opponent: Clarion Camloh-Baker | Judge: White
UT Version
Contention One: Exclusion of the Outlaw
WE BEGIN WITH AL-AWLAKI TARGETED BY HIS GOVERNMENT FOR BEING AN OUTLAW, HOWEVER HISTORY SHOWS A LONG PRECEDENT OF THE STATE HUNTING THE OUTLAW
Chong 12
Jane Y. Chong, Yale Law School, JD 2014; Duke University, BA 2009, “Targeting the Twenty-First-Century Outlaw”, December, 2012, Yale Law Journal, 122 Yale L.J. 724, Google Scholar,
wyo-bb
On September 30, 2011,
conservative critics alike." (19)
IN FACT THE DOJ JUSTIFIES THE EXTRA JUDICIAL KILLING THROUGH THE DECLARATION OF THEIR IDENTITY AS AN OUTLAW
Cole 13
Juan Cole, Public intellectual, prominent blogger and essayist, and the Richard P. Mitchell Collegiate Professor of History at the University of Michigan, 02/06/2013, “Top Five Objections to the White House’s Drone Killing Memo”, http://www.juancole.com/2013/02/objections-houses-killing.html,
wyo-bb
NBC’s Michael Isikoff has revealed
physical person in front of a judge).
THE EXCLUSION OF THE OUTLAW IS A CENTRAL FUNCTION OF MODERN POLITICS—DESTRUCTION OF TERRORISTS AND INDEFINITE DETENTION ARE EXAMPLES OF THE EXCLUSION OF DEMONIZATION OF OUTLAWS THAT EMBODIES POLITICS TODAY—THIS EXPOSES THE LIMITS OF DEMOCRATIC AND POLITICAL COMMUNITIES MARKING THE POINT WHERE VIOLENCE BECOMES POSSIBLE AND BIOPOLITICAL CATASTROPHE BECOMES INEVITABLE
Bunch, 2010
Mary, PHD in philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS, Doctoral Thesis /Wyo-MB
The deconstructive logic
if only for a suspended instant.
THIS USE OF IDENITITY IN THE POLITICAL AND PERSONAL HAS THREE IMPACTS:
FIRST, THE EXCLUSION AND ELIMINATION OF THE OUTLAW IS PART OF THE ATTEMPT TO PRODUCE A SINGLE AND UNIFIED PEOPLE UNDER THE LAW—THIS PROJECT RESULTS IN THE FINAL SOLUTION
Agamben, 2000
Giorgio, Means without ends: notes on politics, Pg 33-35 /Wyo-MB
If this is the case-if the concept
also for the other European peoples.)

SECOND, THE CLEANSING OF NEGATIVITY FROM IDENTITIES AND DIFFERENCE BREEDS RESSENTIMENT
Tubbs 05
Nigel Tubbs, Principal Lecturer at University College Winchester, “Nietzsche, Zarathustra and Deleuze”, Journal of Philosophy of Education, Vol. 39, No. 2, 2005, Chapter 7, http://exordio.qfb.umich.mx/archivos20pdf20de20trabajo20umsnh/aphilosofia/educaciC3B3n20filosofia/chapter7.pdf,
wyo-bb
In Nietzsche and Philosophy, Deleuze
from premisses . . .’ (ibid.).

THIRD, BY SEEING THESE IDENTITIES AS A DANGER TO THE CURRENT POLITICAL ORDER AND SURVIVAL, IT INVOKES A SURVIVAL POLITICS IN A GENOCIDAL MANAGEMENT OF THE OTHER
Dillon, 2008
(Michael, “Revisiting Franco’s Death” Foucault on Politics, Security and War. Pg 176-178, mb)
If Foucault is right, that liberal
way of war (Dillon and Reid, 2008). 

FINALLY, THE LAW USES STATIC IDENTITY AS A TOOL TO TOTALIZE IDENTITY. THE ONLY WAY THE LAW CAN RECONCILE THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THESE TOTALIZED IDENTITIES IS THROUGH VIOLENCE, MAKING WAR INEVITABLE. ONLY SOLUTION IS THE METHOD OF BECOMING
Bunch, 2010
Mary, PHD in philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS, Doctoral Thesis /Wyo-MB
If ethics and politics are separate
the ethics of alterity does.

Contention Two: Outlaw Politics
THUS OUR ADVOCACY: WE AFFIRM THAT WE ARE OUTLAWS.
We make two solvency claims:
First, Universal Recognition of being- recognition of the outlaw in all of us allows us to rethink ethics creating an ethical interaction towards the excluded other.
Second, This recognition solves devaluation- a politics of outlawry is critical to challenging relationships of violence that exist in the status quo
Bunch, 2010
Mary, PHD in philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS, Doctoral Thesis /Wyo-MB
I began this chapter with the becoming-animal
mobilizes around those exclusions.
Third, starting with the self is key to changing our relationship with the world, this is a key starting point for affirmation of sheer difference to affirm every life, regardless of difference.
Lawlor 08
Leonard Lawlor, University of Wisconsin System, “Following the Rats: Becoming-Animal in Deleuze and Guattari”, SubStance, Issue 117 (Volume 37, Number 3), 2008, pp. 171-174,
wyo-bb
If we want to change our relationship
one thing standing in for another.

Finally, Changing social structures and power is counter revolutionary changing one kind of rule for another, instead we need critique that remove meaning from identity destroying the foundation of power today
Bunch, 2010
Mary, PHD in philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS, Doctoral Thesis /Wyo-MB
Deleuze and Guattari are thus interested
structures of the present, such as democracy.

Tournament: Weber | Round: 9 | Opponent: Kansas City Kansas CC Glanzman-Ford | Judge: Copenhaver, Stevenson, Yake
Contention One: Exclusion of the Outlaw
WE BEGIN WITH AL-AWLAKI TARGETED BY HIS GOVERNMENT FOR BEING AN OUTLAW, HOWEVER HISTORY SHOWS A LONG PRECEDENT OF THE STATE HUNTING THE OUTLAW
Chong 12
Jane Y. Chong, Yale Law School, JD 2014; Duke University, BA 2009, “Targeting the Twenty-First-Century Outlaw”, December, 2012, Yale Law Journal, 122 Yale L.J. 724, Google Scholar,
wyo-bb
On September 30, 2011
conservative critics alike." (19)
IN FACT THE DOJ JUSTIFIES THE EXTRA JUDICIAL KILLING THROUGH THE DECLARATION OF THEIR IDENTITY AS AN OUTLAW
Cole 13
Juan Cole, Public intellectual, prominent blogger and essayist, and the Richard P. Mitchell Collegiate Professor of History at the University of Michigan, 02/06/2013, “Top Five Objections to the White House’s Drone Killing Memo”, http://www.juancole.com/2013/02/objections-houses-killing.html,
wyo-bb
NBC’s Michael Isikoff has revealed
physical person in front of a judge).
THE EXCLUSION OF THE OUTLAW IS A CENTRAL FUNCTION OF MODERN POLITICS—DESTRUCTION OF TERRORISTS AND INDEFINITE DETENTION OF UNLAWFUL COMBATANTS ARE EXAMPLES OF THE EXCLUSION OF DEMONIZATION OF OUTLAWS THAT EMBODIES POLITICS TODAY—THIS EXPOSES THE LIMITS OF DEMOCRATIC AND POLITICAL COMMUNITIES TODAY AND MARKS THE POINT WHERE VIOLENCE BECOMES POSSIBLE—BIOPOLITICAL CATASTROPHE BECOMES INEVITABLE
Bunch, 2010
Mary, PHD in philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS, Doctoral Thesis /Wyo-MB
The deconstructive logic
only for a suspended instant.
THE EXCLUSION AND ELIMINATION OF THE OUTLAW IS PART OF THE ATTEMPT TO PRODUCE A SINGLE AND UNIFIED PEOPLE UNDER THE LAW—THIS PROJECT RESULTS IN THE FINAL SOLUTION
Agamben, 2000
Giorgio, Means without ends: notes on politics, Pg 33-35 /Wyo-MB
If this is the case-if the
for the other European peoples.)
POLITICS IS THE REALM OF TOTALIZATION OF IDENTITY THAT MAKES VIOLENCE AND WAR INEVITABLE—ONLY AN OUTLAW ETHICS DISRUPTS THIS TOTALIZATION AND STOPS THE IMPETUS FOR VIOLENCE
Bunch, 2010
Mary, PHD in philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS, Doctoral Thesis /Wyo-MB
If ethics and politics are separate,
the ethics of alterity does.

Contention Two: Outlaw Politics
THUS OUR ADVOCACY: WE AFFIRM THAT WE ARE OUTLAWS
We make two solvency claims:
First, recognition of the outlaw in us allows us to rethink ethics—making ethics towards the excluded other—the inhuman, bare life of the squo—the foundation for future politics
Second, The aff transforms the meaning and substance of democracy and is critical to solve dehumanization and the worst forms of violence—a politics of outlawry is critical to challenging relationships of violence that exist in the status quo
Bunch, 2010
Mary, PHD in philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS, Doctoral Thesis /Wyo-MB
I began this chapter with
around those exclusions.
Third, affirmation of outlawry is a politics of becoming that disrupts static forms of identity that make violence thinkable and possible
Bunch, 2010
Mary, PHD in philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS, Doctoral Thesis /Wyo-MB
Outlawry is tricky; it
becomings herald the future.

Fourth, Outlawry is becoming and the destruction of static identity which are the foundation of violence, the affirmative is revolutionary movement to the outside casting off privilege and safety for the unknown—this act counters the hegemony of the white male that is the standard of western metaphysics
Bunch, 2010
Mary, PHD in philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS, Doctoral Thesis /Wyo-MB
Becoming-animal is
or stopping a flow” (276).

Tournament: Weber | Round: 4 | Opponent: Gonzaga Bauer-Johnson | Judge: Guevara
Contention One: Exclusion of the Outlaw
WE BEGIN WITH AL-AWLAKI TARGETED BY HIS GOVERNMENT FOR BEING AN OUTLAW, HOWEVER HISTORY SHOWS A LONG PRECEDENT OF THE STATE HUNTING THE OUTLAW
Chong 12
Jane Y. Chong, Yale Law School, JD 2014; Duke University, BA 2009, “Targeting the Twenty-First-Century Outlaw”, December, 2012, Yale Law Journal, 122 Yale L.J. 724, Google Scholar,
wyo-bb
On September 30, 2011, …conservative critics alike." (19)
IN FACT THE DOJ JUSTIFIES THE EXTRA JUDICIAL KILLING THROUGH THE DECLARATION OF THEIR IDENTITY AS AN OUTLAW
Cole 13
Juan Cole, Public intellectual, prominent blogger and essayist, and the Richard P. Mitchell Collegiate Professor of History at the University of Michigan, 02/06/2013, “Top Five Objections to the White House’s Drone Killing Memo”, http://www.juancole.com/2013/02/objections-houses-killing.html,
wyo-bb
NBC’s Michael Isikoff has revealed … body,” i.e. bringing the physical person in front of a judge).
THE EXCLUSION OF THE OUTLAW IS A CENTRAL FUNCTION OF MODERN POLITICS—DESTRUCTION OF TERRORISTS AND INDEFINITE DETENTION OF UNLAWFUL COMBATANTS ARE EXAMPLES OF THE EXCLUSION OF DEMONIZATION OF OUTLAWS THAT EMBODIES POLITICS TODAY—THIS EXPOSES THE LIMITS OF DEMOCRATIC AND POLITICAL COMMUNITIES TODAY AND MARKS THE POINT WHERE VIOLENCE BECOMES POSSIBLE—BIOPOLITICAL CATASTROPHE BECOMES INEVITABLE
Bunch, 2010
Mary, PHD in philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS, Doctoral Thesis /Wyo-MB
The deconstructive logic … only for a suspended instant.
THE EXCLUSION AND ELIMINATION OF THE OUTLAW IS PART OF THE ATTEMPT TO PRODUCE A SINGLE AND UNIFIED PEOPLE UNDER THE LAW—THIS PROJECT RESULTS IN THE FINAL SOLUTION
Agamben, 2000
Giorgio, Means without ends: notes on politics, Pg 33-35 /Wyo-MB
If this is the case-if the concept of …for the other European peoples.)
These survival politics results in the constant selection of some life for preservation and others for management and annihilation. This destroys the value to life and results in genocidal extermination
Dillon, 2008
(Michael, “Revisiting Franco’s Death” Foucault on Politics, Security and War. Pg 176-178, mb)
If Foucault is right, that liberal peace …liberal way of war (Dillon and Reid, 2008). 

POLITICS IS THE REALM OF TOTALIZATION OF IDENTITY THAT MAKES VIOLENCE AND WAR INEVITABLE—ONLY AN OUTLAW ETHICS DISRUPTS THIS TOTALIZATION AND STOPS THE IMPETUS FOR VIOLENCE
Bunch, 2010
Mary, PHD in philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS, Doctoral Thesis /Wyo-MB
If ethics and politics are separate, …the ethics of alterity does.

Contention Two: Outlaw Politics
THUS OUR ADVOCACY: WE AFFIRM THAT WE ARE OUTLAWS
We make two solvency claims:
First, recognition of the outlaw in us allows us to rethink ethics—making ethics towards the excluded other—the inhuman, bare life of the squo—the foundation for future politics
Second, The aff transforms the meaning and substance of democracy and is critical to solve dehumanization and the worst forms of violence—a politics of outlawry is critical to challenging relationships of violence that exist in the status quo
Bunch, 2010
Mary, PHD in philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS, Doctoral Thesis /Wyo-MB
I began this chapter with the becoming-animal
mobilizes around those exclusions.
Third, affirmation of outlawry is a politics of becoming that disrupts static forms of identity that make violence thinkable and possible
Bunch, 2010
Mary, PHD in philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS, Doctoral Thesis /Wyo-MB
Outlawry is tricky; it 

its becomings herald the future.

Tournament: Weber | Round: 4 | Opponent: Gonzaga Bauer-Johnson | Judge: Guevara
Contention One: Exclusion of the Outlaw
WE BEGIN WITH AL-AWLAKI TARGETED BY HIS GOVERNMENT FOR BEING AN OUTLAW, HOWEVER HISTORY SHOWS A LONG PRECEDENT OF THE STATE HUNTING THE OUTLAW
Chong 12
Jane Y. Chong, Yale Law School, JD 2014; Duke University, BA 2009, “Targeting the Twenty-First-Century Outlaw”, December, 2012, Yale Law Journal, 122 Yale L.J. 724, Google Scholar,
wyo-bb
On September 30, 2011, …conservative critics alike." (19)
IN FACT THE DOJ JUSTIFIES THE EXTRA JUDICIAL KILLING THROUGH THE DECLARATION OF THEIR IDENTITY AS AN OUTLAW
Cole 13
Juan Cole, Public intellectual, prominent blogger and essayist, and the Richard P. Mitchell Collegiate Professor of History at the University of Michigan, 02/06/2013, “Top Five Objections to the White House’s Drone Killing Memo”, http://www.juancole.com/2013/02/objections-houses-killing.html,
wyo-bb
NBC’s Michael Isikoff has revealed … body,” i.e. bringing the physical person in front of a judge).
THE EXCLUSION OF THE OUTLAW IS A CENTRAL FUNCTION OF MODERN POLITICS—DESTRUCTION OF TERRORISTS AND INDEFINITE DETENTION OF UNLAWFUL COMBATANTS ARE EXAMPLES OF THE EXCLUSION OF DEMONIZATION OF OUTLAWS THAT EMBODIES POLITICS TODAY—THIS EXPOSES THE LIMITS OF DEMOCRATIC AND POLITICAL COMMUNITIES TODAY AND MARKS THE POINT WHERE VIOLENCE BECOMES POSSIBLE—BIOPOLITICAL CATASTROPHE BECOMES INEVITABLE
Bunch, 2010
Mary, PHD in philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS, Doctoral Thesis /Wyo-MB
The deconstructive logic … only for a suspended instant.
THE EXCLUSION AND ELIMINATION OF THE OUTLAW IS PART OF THE ATTEMPT TO PRODUCE A SINGLE AND UNIFIED PEOPLE UNDER THE LAW—THIS PROJECT RESULTS IN THE FINAL SOLUTION
Agamben, 2000
Giorgio, Means without ends: notes on politics, Pg 33-35 /Wyo-MB
If this is the case-if the concept of …for the other European peoples.)
These survival politics results in the constant selection of some life for preservation and others for management and annihilation. This destroys the value to life and results in genocidal extermination
Dillon, 2008
(Michael, “Revisiting Franco’s Death” Foucault on Politics, Security and War. Pg 176-178, mb)
If Foucault is right, that liberal peace …liberal way of war (Dillon and Reid, 2008). 

POLITICS IS THE REALM OF TOTALIZATION OF IDENTITY THAT MAKES VIOLENCE AND WAR INEVITABLE—ONLY AN OUTLAW ETHICS DISRUPTS THIS TOTALIZATION AND STOPS THE IMPETUS FOR VIOLENCE
Bunch, 2010
Mary, PHD in philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS, Doctoral Thesis /Wyo-MB
If ethics and politics are separate, …the ethics of alterity does.

Contention Two: Outlaw Politics
THUS OUR ADVOCACY: WE AFFIRM THAT WE ARE OUTLAWS
We make two solvency claims:
First, recognition of the outlaw in us allows us to rethink ethics—making ethics towards the excluded other—the inhuman, bare life of the squo—the foundation for future politics
Second, The aff transforms the meaning and substance of democracy and is critical to solve dehumanization and the worst forms of violence—a politics of outlawry is critical to challenging relationships of violence that exist in the status quo
Bunch, 2010
Mary, PHD in philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS, Doctoral Thesis /Wyo-MB
I began this chapter with the becoming-animal
mobilizes around those exclusions.
Third, affirmation of outlawry is a politics of becoming that disrupts static forms of identity that make violence thinkable and possible
Bunch, 2010
Mary, PHD in philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS, Doctoral Thesis /Wyo-MB
Outlawry is tricky; it 

its becomings herald the future.

Tournament: UNLV | Round: 7 | Opponent: Sacramento State Garcia-Hampton-Bruce | Judge: Cook
Considerations for any ethical system for animals presuppose a human benchmark: Two impacts 1.) human centric value is inevitable and they don’t solve or their value creates a method of asserting value without warrants turns the k.

Hayward 97
PhD, Department of Politics at Edinburgh University, “Anthropocentrism: a Misunderstood Problem”, Environmental Values, p. aspwyo-tjc
But if the project of overcoming speciesism … attempt to expunge anthropocentrism altogether.

Even Limited Nuclear War leads to Nuclear Winter- would Last for a Decade 

Roback 10
Alan Robock, Department of Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University “Nuclear winter is a real and present danger” 1 9 M AY 2 0 1 1 | VO L 4 7 3 | N AT U R E | 2 7 5, wyo-bb
Many of those who do … mid-latitudes (see ‘A decade of cooling).

Nuclear Winter is bad for animals- Sets Off Extinction Cascade

Greene et al ‘85
Owen, Expert on Security issues, Director of Bradford U. Centre for Int’l Coop and Security, Arms Consultant to UN and EU, Ian Percival, Phys Prof, and Irene Ridge, Biologist, Nuclear Winter: The Evidence and the Risks, New York: Polity Press, 1985, 122uwyo-ajl
Apart from food chains …seems to support this conclusion?

Their ethical framework disavows its own anthropocentric lines of reference—this insidiously replicates value systems that reproduce the primacy of the human through unrecognized prejudices

Hayward 97
PhD, Department of Politics at Edinburgh University, “Anthropocentrism: a Misunderstood Problem”, Environmental Values, p. aspwyo-tjc
A basic reason why criticisms of … all-encompassing critique of anthropocentrism.

Tournament: Texas | Round: 3 | Opponent: Georgetown Burdette-Louvis | Judge: Topp
1.No link- we don’t place the human at the center, nor evaluate their life above other beings.

2.We solve the impact:
A.Recognition of Universal Being- That would find all being as having intrinsic worth. Even animals.
B.Forfeiture of Privilege- It is not enough to recognize that animals have worth but the aff pushes those with privilege to continually forfeit it. That’s Bunch 10 

3. AFF out weights – We solve devaluation for EVERY BEING, totalization of ascribed identities all for biopolitical management and the genocide of difference. The all does this too-
Turn and solvency deficient- Exporting human values on to animal rights sentimentalizing individual subjects while demonizing faceless collectives, and reterritorializes binaries detracting from emancipatory potential
Economides 07
Louise Economides, Associate Professor, University of Montana, “Romantic Individualism, Animal Rights and the Challenge of Multiplicity”, Rhizomes.15 Winter 2007, http://www.rhizomes.net/issue15/economides.html,
wyo-bb
 5 As aforementioned, ecology (and modern philosophy more broadly) has traditionally employed a logic of
detracting from such texts' emancipatory potential.
Finally permutation Do both- becoming outlaw key to understand the social strata and human animal divide
Economides 07
Louise Economides, Associate Professor, University of Montana, “Romantic Individualism, Animal Rights and the Challenge of Multiplicity”, Rhizomes.15 Winter 2007, http://www.rhizomes.net/issue15/economides.html,
wyo-bb
One or many "subjects"? The question, far from being merely semantic, is becoming
rights discourse and ethical humanism more generally.

Perm do both: DandG find that things like animals and humans interact on a plane of mapping experiances where both influence in equal ways eachothers subjectivity through involution
Hantel 13
Max Hantel, Rutgers University, Women's and Gender Studies, “BOBBY BETWEEN DELEUZE AND LEVINAS, OR ETHICS BECOMING-ANIMAL”, 23 Jul 2013, Angelaki: Journal of the Theoretical Humanities 18:2, 105-126, Access via Taylor and Francis,
wyo-bb
The idea that Bobby is an active participant in the
beyond our recognition or control.64 Can we think Bobby as the Anomalous?

Tournament: UMKC | Round: 5 | Opponent: UMKC Cites | Judge:
First, Our Interpretation: The resolution asks the question of desirability of USFG action. The Role of ballot is to say yes or no to the action and outcomes of the plan.
Second, is reasons to prefer:
(_) A. Aff Choice, any other framework or role of the ballot moots 9 minutes of the 1ac
(_) B. It is predictable, the resolution demands USFG action
(_) C. It is fair, Weigh Aff Impacts and the method of the Affirmative versus the Kritik, it’s the only way to test competition and determine the desirability of one strategy over another
Finally, It is a voter for competitive equity—prefer our interpretation, it allows both teams to compete, other roles of the ballot are arbitrary and self serving

Scenario planning is good. In a catastrophe-ridden world—it’s vital to make predictions about the future.
Kurasawa, 2004
Fuyuki, Professor of Sociology at York University, “Cautionary Tales: The Global Culture of Prevention
and the Work of Foresight.” 2004, Constellations, Vol. 11, No. 4
Independently of this room …about the here and now.

Policy analysis should precede discourse – most effective way to challenge power
Jill Taft-Kaufman, Speech prof @ CMU, 1995, Southern Comm. Journal, Spring, v. 60, Iss. 3, “Other Ways”, p pq
The postmodern passwords … and the budgets that fuel them. 

Attempting to solve the root cause of terror is impossible, encourages more terrorism and casualties, only way to defeat is to incapacitate terrorism completely
Dershowitz 02
(Alan M., Why Terrorism Works: Understanding the Threat, Responding to the Challenge, Pgs. 24-26wyo-mm)
The reason terrorism works—…be eliminated is its success.

Tournament: UNLV | Round: 5 | Opponent: Pepperdine Elechyan-Rear | Judge: Eisenstadt
2AC Consult Mexico
perm – consult and then do the plan

perm – do the cplan – 

The counterplan only questions how the plan should be implemented, not if it should
A. Resolution says “should,” not “shall” – means it’s not unconditional
Atlas Collaboration, 1999, “Use of shall, should, may can,” http://rd13doc.cern.ch/Atlas/DaqSoft/sde/inspect/shall.html

shall 'shall' describes something that … of defining what 'thoroughly' means).

We don’t need to defend certainty, just desirability
American Heritage, 2009, “should,” http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/should

Like the rules governing ... See Usage Notes at  if,  rather,  shall.

Doesn’t solve the aff- CP would be viewed with mistrust- stops credibility
Clark ‘4 (Pat – editor and partner for the Parr Partnership -- GREEN BUSINESS STRATEGIES ASSISTANCE -- http://www.sust.org/pdf/housing.pdf)
The problem with consultation is … that is easy to simply switch on and off. 

Relations are high now—their Diplomatic Courier evidence says economic ties are high—proves the resiliency of relations

American decline will turn the U.S. xenophobic and protectionist, killing its relations with Mexico and thus antinarcotic efforts, igniting cross-border wars that draw in China
Brzezinski 2012
Zbigniew K. Brzezinski, CSIS Counselor and Trustee, 2012, Strategic Vision, uwyoamp

The resulting consequences would severely …become a thing of the past.

Their o donnell ev is terrible—no reason we’d go to war

Tournament: UNLV | Round: 7 | Opponent: Sacramento State Garcia-Hampton-Bruce | Judge: Cook
Drones are inevitable
Henning, 2-20-12
Job, NYT, Embracing the Drone, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/21/opinion/embracing-the-drone.html?pagewanted=alland_r=0 /Wyo-MB
Drones — more formally armed … majority of Americans support the use of drones.¶ 

Drones will shift to raids—proven by our shift in Libya and somalia
No Russian aggression – strong demographic and structural changes
Popescu ’12 (European Council on Foreign Relations research fellow, Nicu, February 3, 2012, European Council on Foreign Relations, "Russia’s liberal-nationalist cocktail” blogs.euobserver.com/popescu/2012/02/06/russias-liberal-nationalist-cocktail/, accessed 2-11-12, atl)
One of Vladimir Putin’s recent pre-election …and ‘Migrants today, Occupiers tomorrow’.

Georgia war empirically denies their impact

Tournament: UMKC | Round: 5 | Opponent: UMKC Cites | Judge:
First, perm do both- no reason cp is mutually exclusive

Courts will stand up to the executive—empirically proven
Plaw, 2006
Avery, associate professor of political science at the University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth, Fighting Terror Ethically and Legally: The Case of Targeting Terrorists, (A working paper prepared for the CPSA Conference, June 2006), http://www.cpsa-acsp.ca/papers-2006/Plaw.pdf /Wyo-MB
Some critics and advocates … use of ¶ human shields).

Tournament: UNLV | Round: 7 | Opponent: Sacramento State Garcia-Hampton-Bruce | Judge: Cook
Congress wont allow sanctions relief
Howard LaFranchi, Staff writer “Iran nuclear talks: Will 'bad cop' Congress approve a deal?” 10/17/13
Yet despite the administration’s … a medical research facility.

They don’t read a link
2nd, Link turn drone courts popular in congress—particularly with Feinstein and King
Hosenball, 2-8-2013
Mark, Reuters news service, Support grows for U.S. "drone court" to review lethal strikes, http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/02/09/us-usa-drones-idUSBRE91800B20130209 /Wyo-MB
During a fresh round of debate … be ... some check on the activities of the executive."
Feinstein key to agenda- can wrangle in both parties
Tate 13
(Curits, Mcclatchy Newspapers, “Sen. Dianne Feinstein presses her decades-long crusade on guns,” March 10, 2013, http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2013/03/10/185261/sen-dianne-feinstein-presses-her.html#.Uhp4YpKThSQ) /wyo-mm
Feinstein is a veteran lawmaker who …common ground and solving problems.” 

Strikes don’t go nuclear.
Plesch and Butcher 07 Dr Dan Plesch, Director of the School of Oriental and African Studies'Centre for International Studies and Diplomacy, and Martin Butcher, international consultant on security politics, September 2007, Considering a war with Iran: A discussion paper on WMD in the Middle East, http://www.rawstory.com/images/other/IranStudy082807a.pdf

The US has strategic forces … weapons use less likely.

Tournament: Weber | Round: Finals | Opponent: Idaho State Doty-Ivanovic | Judge: Stanley, Elliott, Stout
1st- Permutation do the aff and conceive of the lesbian separatist as an outlaw
Case out weights and impact turns the K.
No link

Outlawry is the starting point necessary to solve for identity politics.
Bunch 10
Mary Bunch, PhD Candidate in Philosophy at The School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies The University of Western Ontario, “OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS,” 2010,pg. 44-45,
wyo-bb
The difference between... Does the theory of performativity include this potential?

Only through the becoming can we become a being not oppressed by the same dominate structures that oppress the groups you seek to liberate. Without the being, it risk reifying the structures by search for the true sex
Marrati 06
Paola Marrati is Professor of Humanities and Philosophy in the Humanities Center and the Department of Philosophy at The Johns Hopkins University and is Directrice de Programme de Recherche at the Colle`ge International de Philosophie in Paris. “TIME AND AFFECTS Deleuze on Gender and Sexual Difference”, Australian Feminist Studies, November 1, 2006, Ebscohost,
wyo-bb
Questions of sexuality, of .... are always and necessarily oppressive.15

Attempts at inclusion fail to make identity possible. Outlawry celebrates difference, which is the prerequisite to identity. Difference makes presence known and allows presence breathing space. Identity depends on outlawry
Bunch 10
Mary Bunch, PhD Candidate in Philosophy at The School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies The University of Western Ontario, “OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS,” 2010, wyo-sc
Yet an outlaw does not precisely signify... it depends on outlawry.

Instead of being we should be come, the process of being only creates the repetition of sameness over and over again through molar forms of ordering and thought
Massumi, 1992 (Brian, Prof. of comparative lit. at McGill Univ. “A user’s guide to Capitalism and Schizophrenia: Deviations from Deleuze and Guattari” online, MB).
9. A more sophisticated psychoanalytically... neither should they wait.69

Impact is value to life—static forms of identity produce sameness and are boring
Massumi, 1992 (Brian, Prof. of comparative lit. at McGill Univ. “A user’s guide to Capitalism and Schizophrenia: Deviations from Deleuze and Guattari” online, MB).
When scientists use their instruments... same. It might get boring.

Lesbian separatism fails- attempts to retreat from politics but RACISM and SEXISM NEVER RETREAT- leaving patriarchy and colonialism intact-
Kato 1983
Nancy Reiko Kato, Winter 1983, Lesbians of Color Conference: The politics of "sisterhood", http://www.socialism.com/drupal-6.8/?q=node/2722, uwyoamp
"Sisters Bonding" was the theme ... to end our oppression.

Tournament: UMKC | Round: 5 | Opponent: UMKC Cites | Judge:
1st, Pres powers low now—Syria decision undermined Obama’s presidential powers
Nather and Palmer, 9-1-13
David and Anna, Politico, Bushies fear Obama weakening presidency, http://www.politico.com/story/2013/09/bushies-fear-obama-weakening-presidency-96143.html /Wyo-MB
President Barack Obama just turned decades of debate over presidential war powers on its head
AND
alums — are beside themselves, arguing that Obama has weakened the presidency.
2nd, A multitude of other actors hamper presidential flexibility—thumps the disad
Rozell 12
(Mark Rozell, Professor of Public Policy, George Mason University, “From Idealism to Power: The Presidency in the Age of Obama” 2012, http://www.libertylawsite.org/book-review/from-idealism-to-power-the-presidency-in-the-age-of-obama/, KB)
A substantial portion of Goldsmith’s book presents in detail his case that various forces outside
AND
little understanding of the broader implications of tying down the president with legalisms.
3rd, Link Turn—extend 1ac Chebab evidence, Counterplan bolsters executive action—Obama power is vindicated when he has the backing and support of courts, plan results in more decisive executive actions.
And, the link turn outweighs the link—Judicial oversight serves to legitimize executive decisions
Kwoka 11
(Lindsay, University of Pennsylvania Law School, J.D, Journal of Constitutional Law, “Trial by Sniper: The Legality of Targeted Killing in the War on Terror,” 2011, Lexis) /wyo-mm
Providing an intra-executive process is not sufficient in the context of targeted killing
AND
necessary. A federal judge would not likely be subject so such influence.
4th, Political power is not zero sum—no trade off
Read, 3-1-12
James, College of Saint Benedict/Saint John's University, jread@csbsju.edu, Is Power Zero-Sum or Variable-Sum? Old Arguments and New Beginnings, Political Science Faculty Publications.Paper 4, http://digitalcommons.csbsju.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1004andcontext=polsci_pubs /Wyo-MB
The specific question with which this essay is concerned is whether power – and ¶
AND
– as the zero-sum view (see Read 2009a; 2010).
5th, No Impact—Fast and flexible doesn’t mean effective, unilateral action doesn’t solve disad impacts
O’Neil 11
(Robert, Houston Law Review, “The Price of Purity: Weakening the Executive Model of the United States’ Counter-Terror Legal System,” Winter 2011, Lexiswyo-mm)
Those opposed to enacting anti-terror policy through the regular bicameral process criticize the
AND
during the Bush Administration, and compromised the United States' credibility abroad. n164

Data disproves hegemony impacts
Fettweis, 11
Christopher J. Fettweis, Department of Political Science, Tulane University, 9/26/11, Free Riding or Restraint? Examining European Grand Strategy, Comparative Strategy, 30:316–332, EBSCO

It is perhaps worth noting that there is no evidence to support a direct relationship
AND
global policeman. Those who think otherwise base their view on faith alone.

We have better internal link to solving terrorism

Tournament: UNLV | Round: 5 | Opponent: Pepperdine Elechyan-Rear | Judge: Eisenstadt
The status quo expansion of drone warfare undermines the United States credibility, and breeds Anti-Americanism
Brooks 13
Rosa Brooks, Prof of Law @ Georgetown University Law Center and Bernard Schwartz Senior Fellow at the New America Foundation, Statement for the Record Submitted the Senate Committee on Armed Services, May 16, 2013.
Mr. Chairman, let me close with a plea for perspective. … Thank you for the opportunity to testify today.

Effective drones are the best internal to solve blowback
Masood 13
(Hassan, Monmouth College, “Death from the Heavens: The Politics of the United States’ Drone Campaign in Pakistan’s Tribal Areas,” 2013) /wyo-mm
Those who support the use of drones … produced more terrorists.”

Plans review process is key to check operation errors from the president—solves terrorism
Guiora, 2012ure strikes
Amos, Professor of Law, S.J. Quinney College of Law, University of Utah, Targeted killing: when proportionality gets all out of proportion, Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law. 45.1-2 (Fall 2012): p235., Academic onefile /Wyo-MB
The unitary executive theory aggressively … precursor to engaging in operational counterterrorism.

No risk of nuclear terror- cannot build and detonate  

Mueller and Stewart 2012(John, Senior Research Scientist at the Mershon Center for International Security Studies and Adjunct Professor in the Department of Political Science at Ohio State University, Senior Fellow at the CATO institute, and Mark, Australian Research Council Professorial Fellow and Professor and Director at the Centre for Infrastructure Performance and Reliability at the University of Newcastle, Summer, "The Terrorism Delusion", International Security, Volume 37, Number 1, MUSE)
Over the course of time, such essentially …and still is, just like virtually every other country in the world. 

No nuclear retaliation.
Neely 3/21
(Meggaen Neely is a research intern for the Project on Nuclear Issues, Center for Strategic and International Studies, 3/21/13, Doubting Deterrence of Nuclear Terrorism, http://csis.org/blog/doubting-deterrence-nuclear-terrorism) KH
Because of the difficulty of deterring… even more so by the American public.

Tournament: UNLV | Round: 1 | Opponent: California, Berkeley Greenbury-Wang | Judge: Miller
Perm do both
Perm do the counterplan
Targeted killing is only drone strikes
Bachman, 2013
Sascha-Dominik Bachmann Reader in International Law (University of Lincoln); State Exam in Law (Ludwig-Maximilians Universität, Munich), Assessor Jur, LLM (Stellenbosch), LLD (Johannesburg); Sascha-Dominik is a Lieutenant Colonel in the German Army Reserves and had multiple deployments in peacekeeping missions in operational and advisory roles as part of NATO/KFOR from 2002 to 2006. During that time he was also an exchange officer to the 23rd US Marine Regiment, Targeted Killings: Contemporary Challenges, Risks and Opportunities
Conflict Security Law (2013) doi: 10.1093/jcsl/krt007 First published online: May 31, 2013, http://jcsl.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/05/31/jcsl.krt007.full /Wyo-MB
Operation ‘Neptune Spear’ as well as …respectively, as weapons platform.
Turn- Judicial review key to maximize effectiveness of SOF
Robinson 12
Linda Robinson, Adjunct Senior Fellow for U.S. National Security and Foreign Policy Council on Foreign Relations, “Testimony on Special Operations Forces”, July 11, 2012, https://www.google.com/url?sa=tandrct=jandq=andesrc=sandsource=webandcd=3andcad=rjaandved=0CDsQFjACandurl=http3A2F2Fi.cfr.org2Fcontent2Fpublications2Fattachments2FL.RobinsonTestimony070912.pdfandei=SoBHUpTkHcfwyAHj5IG4Awandusg=AFQjCNGNooyZRk_a8DY47epbIKzmoUe8_Aandsig2=c-FTY_VYboUfeP_yLiJU0gandbvm=bv.53217764,d.aWc,
wyo-bb
There is no more important … counterproductive over the longer term.
Can’t solve blowback—Special forces targeted killings cause civilian casualties
Mackenzie, 2011
Jean, 5-13-11, Afghanistan War: Are Special Forces and targeted killings the answer?, http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/regions/asia-pacific/afghanistan/110513/afghanistan-war-are-special-forces-and-targete /Wyo-MB
KABUL, Afghanistan — Still riding the wave of …killed more than 30 insurgents.
Blowback results in global chem/biological weapon war
Nader 11
(Ralph, Stop the War Coaltion, “How Obama's drone warfare increases the likelihood of blowback,” November 13, 2011, http://www.stopwar.org.uk/index.php/afghanistan-and-pakistan/933-how-drone-warfare-increases-the-likelihood-of-terrorist-blowback-) /wyo-mm
People who see invaders occupying … lethally indefensible chemical and biological attacks.

Tournament: UMKC | Round: 5 | Opponent: UMKC Cites | Judge:
Counter interpretation:
“Statutory restrictions” can mandate judicial review, but are enacted by congress
Mortenson 11 (Julian Davis Assistant Professor, University of Michigan Law School, “Review: Executive Power and the Discipline of History Crisis and Command: The History of Executive Power from George Washington to George W. Bush John Yoo. Kaplan, 2009. Pp vii, 524,” Winter 2011, University of Chicago Law Review 78 U. Chi. L. Rev. 377)
At least two of Yoo's main examples … the neutrality statutes (III, pp 295-301, 310, 327-28).
And, Restrictions are legal limitations on activities
Law.Com 9
(“restriction”, The People's Law Dictionary by Gerald and Kathleen Hill (legal writers), http://dictionary.law.com/Default.aspx?selected=1835andbold=restrict, accessed 9-9-9)
restriction
n. any limitation on activity, … the title of each owner.
3. We meet our counter interpretation, drone courts are legal restrictions on the targeted killing activities of the president
4.Prefer our interpretation
Topic Education— drone courts are heart of topic in targeted killing, it is the largest policy proposal for resolving presidential authority
Predictable ground—best to include largest cases in the literature because they are a locus for negative and affirmative research and preparation
5. Prefer reasonability over competing interpretations if the aff doesn’t make debate impossible than you can’t vote against us

6. not effects t—we’re a statutory restriction on the president’s power to unilaterally use drones

Tournament: Weber | Round: 9 | Opponent: Kansas City Kansas CC Glanzman-Ford | Judge: Copenhaver, Stevenson, Yake
Counter interp – The role of the ballot should be whoever has the best relationship to difference
The resolution should be open to the possibility of difference;
The impact is destruction of debate
Secomb 00
(Linnell, a lecturer in Gender Studies at the University of Sydney “Fractured Community” Hypatia – Volume 15 Number 2 Spring 2000 pg. 138-139. RC)
This reformulated universalist
homogeneity and transparency.

These forms of political death outweigh
Dillon, 2008
(Michael, “Revisiting Franco’s Death” Foucault on Politics, Security and War. Pg 169-170, mb)
He briefly experimented with
project of making life live.

The Addict’ has become a recognizable subject through the confessional narration of addiction that is linked to the perpetuation of contemporary neoliberal biopolitical governmentality. The 1AC autobiographical account of addiction functions to establish a deviate subject position that strives to be more healthy, more productive – the good citizen.
Brown, 13
Megan Brown, Associate Prof. of English @ Drake University, “Learning to live again: Contemporary US memoir as biopolitical self-care guide,” Biography, 36 (2), 2013.
 “The practice of the self involves reading, for one could not draw everything from one’s own stock or arm oneself by oneself with the principles of reason that are indispensible for self-conduct: guide or example, the help of others is necessary.”
—Michel Foucault, on Seneca (“Self Writing” 211)
Citing such popular books
self-reliance, and governing at a distance.

Perm do both- Extend the bunch 10 evidence.
Outlawry is the starting point necessary to solve for identity politics.
Bunch 10
Mary Bunch, PhD Candidate in Philosophy at The School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies The University of Western Ontario, “OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS,” 2010,pg. 44-45,
wyo-bb
The difference between the
performativity include this potential?

Tournament: UMKC | Round: 5 | Opponent: UMKC Cites | Judge:
Won’t pass- Obama refuses to negotiate
Dwyer 9/15/13
Devin Dwyer, Journalist, “Obama Calls GOP Debt Ceiling Demands an Assault on US ‘Constitutional Structure’”, Sep 15, 2013,  http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2013/09/obama-calls-gop-debt-ceiling-demands-an-assault-on-us-constitutional-structure/,
wyo-bb
WASHINGTON — On the eve of another fiscal showdown with congressional Republicans, President Obama
AND
’ that changes the constitutional structure of this government entirely,” Obama said.

1st, Debates on drone courts now—legislation being written and proposed—thumps the disad
Wolverton, 3-12-13
Joe, professor of American Government at Chattanooga State and was a practicing attorney until 2009, Federal Courts Rubber Stamp Federal Spying, http://tenthamendmentcenter.com/2013/05/12/federal-courts-rubber-stamp-federal-spying/comment-page-1/#.UfqaW2T70bh /Wyo-MB
Although certainly not one to recognize checks on the executive, the White House indicated
AND
similar proposals made by legal experts were being kicked around on Capitol Hill.¶
2nd, Link turn drone courts popular in congress—particularly with Feinstein and King
Hosenball, 2-8-2013
Mark, Reuters news service, Support grows for U.S. "drone court" to review lethal strikes, http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/02/09/us-usa-drones-idUSBRE91800B20130209 /Wyo-MB
During a fresh round of debate this week over President Barack Obama's claim that he
AND
least that would be ... some check on the activities of the executive."
Feinstein key to agenda- can wrangle in both parties
Tate 13
(Curits, Mcclatchy Newspapers, “Sen. Dianne Feinstein presses her decades-long crusade on guns,” March 10, 2013, http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2013/03/10/185261/sen-dianne-feinstein-presses-her.html#.Uhp4YpKThSQ) /wyo-mm
Feinstein is a veteran lawmaker who knows how to work behind the scenes and across
AND
, but she’s also very able at finding common ground and solving problems.”
3rd, Link turn – plan popular in congress
Jakes 13
(Laura Jakes, writer for the Associate Press. “Congress Considers Putting Limits on Drone Strikes” 2-6-13 http://www.military.com/daily-news/2013/02/06/congress-considers-putting-limits-on-drone-strikes.html//wyoccd)
WASHINGTON -- Uncomfortable with the Obama administration's use of deadly drones, a growing number
AND
kill Americans is subject to appropriate limitations and safeguards," the senators wrote.
4th, Political capital theory not true—and if the plan causes a fight it means Obama will get to pass more legislation—winning wins
Hirsh, 2013
Michael, national journal chief correspondent, There’s No Such Thing as Political Capital, 3-30-13, http://www.nationaljournal.com/magazine/there-s-no-such-thing-as-political-capital-20130207 /Wyo-MB
But the abrupt emergence of the immigration and gun-control issues illustrates how suddenly
AND
change positions to get on the winning side. It’s a bandwagon effect.”
5th, Obama wont spend PC and he won’t be effective if he does
Jay Cost, staff writer, 2-11-2013, “Obama the Bargainer,” The Weekly Standard, http://www.weeklystandard.com/articles/obama-bargainer_699205.html?page=1
Thus, with the festivities finished and the glow of the inauguration fading, it
AND
help in whipping his party and negotiating a compromise with the other side.

Tournament: UNLV | Round: 1 | Opponent: California, Berkeley Greenbury-Wang | Judge: Miller
UQ - Wont pass – conservatives in house not moved
Evan McMorris, Santoro BuzzFeed Staff, “Obama Has Already Won The Shutdown Fight And He’s Coming For Immigration Next,” 10/15/13. http://www.buzzfeed.com/evanmcsan/obama-has-already-won-the-shutdown-fight-and-hes-coming-for
But immigration reform is something … be changed in the House.”¶ 

2nd, Link turn drone courts popular in congress—particularly with Feinstein and King
Hosenball, 2-8-2013
Mark, Reuters news service, Support grows for U.S. "drone court" to review lethal strikes, http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/02/09/us-usa-drones-idUSBRE91800B20130209 /Wyo-MB
During a fresh round of... some check on the activities of the executive."
Feinstein key to agenda- can wrangle in both parties
Tate 13
(Curits, Mcclatchy Newspapers, “Sen. Dianne Feinstein presses her decades-long crusade on guns,” March 10, 2013, http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2013/03/10/185261/sen-dianne-feinstein-presses-her.html#.Uhp4YpKThSQ) /wyo-mm
Feinstein is a veteran lawmaker … common ground and solving problems.”
Numerous factors sustain competitiveness – RandD spending, patents, start-ups
Nye, ‘12 – University Distinguished Service Professor at Harvard (Joseph, Foreign Affairs, “The Future of American Power: Dominance and Decline in Perspective,” November/December, proquest)

In terms of investment in research …and an open immigration policy.

Tournament: UNLV | Round: 1 | Opponent: California, Berkeley Greenbury-Wang | Judge: Miller
1st, No deference now--- lots of rulings
Flaherty 2011 (Martin Flaherty, Leitner Professor of International Law, Fordham Law School, “Judicial Foreign Relations Authority After 9/11,” NYLS Law Review, http://www.nylslawreview.com/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/Flaherty-56-1.pdf)
For a time the forces of …, however, still remains to be seen.
2nd, Courts involved in Presidential power cases – recent decisions prove
Mahler, 8 (Jonathan, a contributing writer for The New York Times Magazine, “Why This Court Keeps Rebuking This President,” New York Times, 6/15/2008, http://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/15/weekinreview/15mahler.html?pagewanted=all)
“The most important thing we do … abandon its tradition of not doing.
3rd, Review inevitable – now is better for flexibility
Wittes 8 (Benjamin Wittes is a Senior Fellow in Governance Studies at the Brookings Institution, where he is the Research Director in Public Law, “The Necessity and Impossibility of Judicial Review,” https://webspace.utexas.edu/rmc2289/National20Security20and20the20Courts/Law20and20the20Long20War2020Chapter204.pdf)
WE COME, then, to the question … as the designer of the rules.
4th, Court review increase warfighting – key to assessing terrorism policy – takes out deference link
Coughenour 08 (John C. , The Right Place to Try Terrorism Cases, July 27, 2008, http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2008-07-27/opinions/36772256_1_terrorism-trials-district-court-federal-courts)
I have spent 27 years on the federal bench. … than by undermining the judiciary.

5. we solve drone usage—extend zenko—the program is collapsing now, we’re ahead on the UQ debate and k2 maintain drone usage

Tournament: UNLV | Round: 1 | Opponent: California, Berkeley Greenbury-Wang | Judge: Miller
2AC – AT: Peace K
First, no link- drone strikes are not a new ‘militarism’- their criticisms of our mechanism don’t hold up to strict scrutiny- we should prefer drones because they’re the most moral and cause the fewest casualties
Brooks 13
(Rosa, law professor at Georgetown University, fellow at the New America Foundation and former Counselor to the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy, Georgetown University Law Center, “Drones and Cognitive Dissonance,” 2013, http://scholarship.law.georgetown.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2266andcontext=facpub) /wyo-mm
For many on the political left (…result of close air support?

And, Militarism inevitable- alt can’t overcome
Astore 08
(William J., retired lieutenant colonel (USAF). He has taught cadets at the U.S. Air Force Academy, officers at the Naval Postgraduate School, and currently teaches at the Pennsylvania College of Technology, “The Tenacity of American Militarism ¶ What Progressives and Other Critics Don't Get about the U.S. Military,” 2008, http://www.alternet.org/story/75940/militarism_is_deeply_entrenched_in_the_american_psyche) /wyo-mm
The point is this: It's not …self-destructive one for progressive agendas. 

Second, perm do both, Perm best way to solve- need to engage militarism before we can combat it
Astore 08
(William J., retired lieutenant colonel (USAF). He has taught cadets at the U.S. Air Force Academy, officers at the Naval Postgraduate School, and currently teaches at the Pennsylvania College of Technology, “The Tenacity of American Militarism ¶ What Progressives and Other Critics Don't Get about the U.S. Military,” 2008, http://www.alternet.org/story/75940/militarism_is_deeply_entrenched_in_the_american_psyche) /wyo-mm
Recent polls suggest that Americans …corporate profits or imperial power. 

States will inevitably compete and its good.—any attempt to deviate causes violence
Mearscheimer 2001
John J., Prof. of Pol. Sci @ U. of Chicago, The Tragedy of Great Power Warfare
Great powers fear each other. … Survival would then be almost guaranteed.

Tournament: UMKC | Round: 5 | Opponent: UMKC Cites | Judge:
First, Our Interpretation: The resolution asks the question of desirability of USFG action. The Role of ballot is to say yes or no to the action and outcomes of the plan.
Second, is reasons to prefer:
(_) A. Aff Choice, any other framework or role of the ballot moots 9 minutes of the 1ac
(_) B. It is predictable, the resolution demands USFG action
(_) C. It is fair, Weigh Aff Impacts and the method of the Affirmative versus the Kritik, it’s the only way to test competition and determine the desirability of one strategy over another
Finally, It is a voter for competitive equity—prefer our interpretation, it allows both teams to compete, other roles of the ballot are arbitrary and self serving.

Their framework will focus on scholarship- Scholarship is a redundant focus. That’s what we do in college when we aren’t here, this space is unique and key to test desirability of USFG action- doesn’t happen anywhere else. 

You should also evaluate the alternative in terms of the way to it will change and affect the institutions that it claims are bad.
Perm do both—the aff is key to solve arbitrary use of state power—solves their K impacts
Alford, 2011
Ryan Patrick, Assistant Professor, Ave Maria School of Law, THE RULE OF LAW AT THE CROSSROADS: CONSEQUENCES OF TARGETED KILLING OF CITIZENS, UTAH LAW REVIEW, NO. 4, Online /Wyo-MB
The Al-Aulaqi lawsuit makes … resistance to arbitrary power.¶
And, Drones are inevitable
Henning, 2-20-12
Job, NYT, Embracing the Drone, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/21/opinion/embracing-the-drone.html?pagewanted=alland_r=0 /Wyo-MB
Drones — more formally armed …support the use of drones.¶ 

Our aff is a step in the right direction for the k

Attempting to solve the root cause of terror is impossible, encourages more terrorism and casualties, only way to defeat is to incapacitate terrorism completely
Dershowitz 02
(Alan M., Why Terrorism Works: Understanding the Threat, Responding to the Challenge, Pgs. 24-26wyo-mm)
The reason terrorism works…must be eliminated is its success.

Perm: do the plan then the alt
Security is inevitable—rejecting it causes the state to become more interventionist, flipping the impact
McCormack 10
Tara McCormack, ’10, is Lecturer in International Politics at the University of Leicester and has a PhD in International Relations from the University of Westminster. 2010, (Critique, Security and Power: The political limits to emancipatory approaches, page 59-61)
The following section will … and emancipatory theoretical approaches. 

Perm: do the plan and the alt in all other instances
No impact – threat construction isn’t sufficient to cause wars
Kaufman, Prof Poli Sci and IR – U Delaware, ‘9
(Stuart J, “Narratives and Symbols in Violent Mobilization: The Palestinian-Israeli Case,” Security Studies 18:3, 400 – 434)
Even when hostile narratives, group… mobilization, and a security dilemma.

Tournament: UNLV | Round: 3 | Opponent: Georgia State Floyd-Stewart | Judge: Morgan
Our Interpretation: The resolution asks the question of desirability of USFG action. The Role of ballot is to say yes or no to the action and outcomes of the plan.
Second, is reasons to prefer:
A. Aff Choice, any other framework or role of the ballot moots 9 minutes of the 1ac
B. It is predictable, the resolution demands USFG action
C. It is fair, Weigh Aff Impacts and the method of the Affirmative versus the Kritik, it’s the only way to test competition and determine the desirability of one strategy over another
Engaging the state is critical to solve global challenges: Engagement refocuses energies through citizen participation in national institutions that solve for war as well as environmental and social challenges
Sassen 2009
ColumbiaUniversity, istheauthorof TheGlobalCity (2ndedn, Princeton, 2001), Territory, Authority, Rights: From Medieval to Global Assemblages (Princeton, 2008) and A Sociology of Globalisation (Norton,2007), among others, 2009, The Potential for a Progressive State?, uwyoamp

Using state power for a new global politics These post-1980s …n environmental and social justice projects.

Discussion of specific policy-questions is crucial for skills development---we control uniqueness: university students already have preconceived and ideological notions about how the world operates---government policy discussion is vital to force engagement with and resolution of competing perspectives to improve social outcomes, and it breaks out of traditional pedagogical frameworks by placing students as agents and decision makers

Esberg and Sagan 12
(Jane Esberg is special assistant to the director at New York University's Center on. International Cooperation. She was the winner of 2009 Firestone Medal, AND Scott Sagan is a professor of political science and director of Stanford's Center for International Security and Cooperation “NEGOTIATING NONPROLIFERATION: Scholarship, Pedagogy, and Nuclear Weapons Policy,” 2-17-12 The Nonproliferation Review, 19:1, 95-108 Taylor and Francis Online DA: 5-23-13wyoccd)
These government or quasi-government …to contextualize and act on information.14¶ 

Finally, It is a voter for competitive equity—prefer our interpretation, it allows both teams to compete, other roles of the ballot are arbitrary and self serving

First, no link the 1AC does not exclude war narratives from veterans- in fact, we allow veterans to be included in the drone court process—judges require military expertise so they will have a veteran background
Second, Simulated national security law debates preserve agency and enhance decision-making---avoids cooption  
Laura K. Donohue 13, Associate Professor of Law, Georgetown Law, 4/11, “National Security Law Pedagogy and the Role of Simulations”, http://jnslp.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/National-Security-Law-Pedagogy-and-the-Role-of-Simulations.pdf
The concept of simulations as an aspect of …learning curve. While further adaptation of this model is undoubtedly necessary, it suggests one potential direction for the years to come.

Third, Student debate about war powers is critical to overall American Political Development---influences the durable shifts in checks and balances
Dominguez and Thoren 10 Casey BK, Department of Political Science and IR at the University of San Diego and Kim, University of San Diego, Paper prepared for the Annual Meeting of the Western Political Science Association, San Francisco, California, April 1-3, 2010, “The Evolution of Presidential Authority in War Powers”, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1580395
Students of American institutions … the other branches of government.

Permutation do both
Fourth, Policy implementation and narrative construction work together to create positive political change- only the permutation solves 

Sutton ‘99
Rebeca, “THE POLICY PROCESS: AN OVERVIEW,” The research on which this work is based was funded by the World Bank, and completed under the guidance of Simon Maxwell, Director, Overseas Development Institute http://www.odi.org.uk/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications-opinion-files/2535.pdf
Drawing on the literature from all …described as ‘evolutionary’’,¶ (Juma and Clarke 1995).

Perm: Do the Alt and then the plan—
Fifth, We can use the knowledge from the negative to inform the politics of the affirmative, narratives and policymaking are not exclusive

Jones ‘08
Harry, a Research Fellow in the RAPID group at the Overseas Development Institute (ODI), the UK’s leading think tank on international development. His work focuses on decision-making in policy making and implementation in developing countries. He has carried out research, advisory services, evaluations and inputs to programme design and implementation in a number of countries in Africa and Asia, “Policy-making as discourse: a review of recent knowledge-to-policy literature,” http://wiki.ikmemergent.net/files/090911-ikm-working-paper-5-policy-making-as-discourse.pdf wyo-hdm
Recent theoretical developments on … as political ¶ determinants of demand.

Sixth, The idea that virtually all soldiers return with PTSD is a generalization made by pop culture, and those who do return with PTSD are hyper-vigilant and as a result better soldiers.

Brice ‘12
Makini Journalist for Medical Daily, “Why War Can Actually Help Some Soldiers With PTSD,” 12.16.2012. http://www.medicaldaily.com/why-war-can-actually-help-some-soldiers-ptsd-243556 wyo-hdm
Though pop culture shows that … amygdala is a risk factor, not a response.

Seventh, As rhetoricians, we have a unique responsibility to reject the ableism of “listening/voice” metaphors—reject the representations of the Grand evidence
Lacey 10 (Teacher, MA in English, “The Conversations Metaphor and Ableism”, 9/6, http://equality101.net/?p=1886  Accessed 2/10/11 GAL)

In my last post, I discussed how I might use … with texts and contribute to their communities.
?
Eighth, Ableism is the root cause of oppression
Davis 2 (Lennard J., Professor of English as well as of Disability and Human Development, U Illinois-Chicago, Disability, Dismodernism, and Other Difficult Positions , p. 13 GAL)
Disability offers us a way to rethink … were established through these studies.

Tournament: UNLV | Round: 3 | Opponent: Georgia State Floyd-Stewart | Judge: Morgan
2AC T – Restriction
We meet – contextual ev
Guiora, 12 Amos, Professor of Law, SJ Quinney College of Law, University of Utah, author of numerous books dealing with military law and national security including Legitimate Target: A Criteria-Based Approach to Targeted Killing, “Drone Policy: A Proposal Moving Forward,” http://jurist.org/forum/2013/03/amos-guiora-drone-policy.php
To re-phrase, this strict … morality in armed conflict.
2. Counter interpretation:
“Statutory restrictions” can mandate judicial review, but are enacted by congress
Mortenson 11 (Julian Davis Assistant Professor, University of Michigan Law School, “Review: Executive Power and the Discipline of History Crisis and Command: The History of Executive Power from George Washington to George W. Bush John Yoo. Kaplan, 2009. Pp vii, 524,” Winter 2011, University of Chicago Law Review 78 U. Chi. L. Rev. 377)
At least two of Yoo's main examples …violated the neutrality statutes (III, pp 295-301, 310, 327-28).
And, Restriction means a limit and includes conditions on action
CAA 8,COURT OF APPEALS OF ARIZONA, DIVISION ONE, DEPARTMENT A, STATE OF ARIZONA, Appellee, v. JEREMY RAY WAGNER, Appellant., 2008 Ariz. App. Unpub. LEXIS 613
P10 The term "restriction" is not … the ignition interlock device limitation.
A restriction on war powers authority limits Presidential discretion
Jules Lobel 8, Professor of Law at the University of Pittsburgh  Law School, President of the Center for Constitutional Rights, represented members of Congress challenging assertions of Executive power to unilaterally initiate warfare, “Conflicts Between the Commander in Chief and Congress: Concurrent Power  over the Conduct of War,” Ohio State Law Journal, Vol 69, p 391, 2008, http://moritzlaw.osu.edu/students/groups/oslj/files/2012/04/69.3.lobel_.pdf
So too, the congressional power to … recognized by President Bush himself.64 

Prefer our interpretation
Topic Education— drone courts are heart of topic in targeted killing, it is the largest policy proposal for resolving presidential authority
Predictable ground—best to include largest cases in the literature because they are a locus for negative and affirmative research and preparation
5. Prefer reasonability over competing interpretations if the aff doesn’t make debate impossible than you can’t vote against us

Tournament: UNLV | Round: 5 | Opponent: Pepperdine Elechyan-Rear | Judge: Eisenstadt
We meet – contextual ev
Guiora, 12 Amos, Professor of Law, SJ Quinney College of Law, University of Utah, author of numerous books dealing with military law and national security including Legitimate Target: A Criteria-Based Approach to Targeted Killing, “Drone Policy: A Proposal Moving Forward,” http://jurist.org/forum/2013/03/amos-guiora-drone-policy.php
To re-phrase, this strict scrutiny … of law and morality in armed conflict.
2. Counter interpretation:
“Statutory restrictions” can mandate judicial review, but are enacted by congress
Mortenson 11 (Julian Davis Assistant Professor, University of Michigan Law School, “Review: Executive Power and the Discipline of History Crisis and Command: The History of Executive Power from George Washington to George W. Bush John Yoo. Kaplan, 2009. Pp vii, 524,” Winter 2011, University of Chicago Law Review 78 U. Chi. L. Rev. 377)
At least two of Yoo's main … fact violated the neutrality statutes (III, pp 295-301, 310, 327-28).
And, Restriction means a limit and includes conditions on action
CAA 8,COURT OF APPEALS OF ARIZONA, DIVISION ONE, DEPARTMENT A, STATE OF ARIZONA, Appellee, v. JEREMY RAY WAGNER, Appellant., 2008 Ariz. App. Unpub. LEXIS 613
P10 The term "restriction" is not defined …"restriction" includes the ignition interlock device limitation.
A restriction on war powers authority limits Presidential discretion
Jules Lobel 8, Professor of Law at the University of Pittsburgh  Law School, President of the Center for Constitutional Rights, represented members of Congress challenging assertions of Executive power to unilaterally initiate warfare, “Conflicts Between the Commander in Chief and Congress: Concurrent Power  over the Conduct of War,” Ohio State Law Journal, Vol 69, p 391, 2008, http://moritzlaw.osu.edu/students/groups/oslj/files/2012/04/69.3.lobel_.pdf
So too, the congressional … Kuwait, a limitation recognized by President Bush himself.64
3. We meet our counter interpretation, drone courts are legal restrictions on the targeted killing activities of the president
.Prefer our interpretation
Topic Education— drone courts are heart of topic in targeted killing, it is the largest policy proposal for resolving presidential authority
Predictable ground—best to include largest cases in the literature because they are a locus for negative and affirmative research and preparation
5. Prefer reasonability over competing interpretations if the aff doesn’t make debate impossible than you can’t vote against us

Tournament: UTD | Round: 5 | Opponent: Texas Martinez-Hartzell | Judge: DiPiazza
1.No link-
2.We solve the impact:
3. We out weight –
4.Perm: Do Both
5. We Solve the impact of the K- Outlawry is becoming and the destruction of static identity which are the foundation of violence, the affirmative is revolutionary movement to the outside casting off privilege and safety for the unknown—this act counters the hegemony of the white male that is the standard of western metaphysics
andG find that things like animals and humans interact on a plane of mapping experiences where both influence in equal ways eachothers subjectivity through involution
Hantel 13
Max Hantel, Rutgers University, Women's and Gender Studies, “BOBBY BETWEEN DELEUZE AND LEVINAS, OR ETHICS BECOMING-ANIMAL”, 23 Jul 2013, Angelaki: Journal of the Theoretical Humanities 18:2, 105-126, Access via Taylor and Francis,
wyo-bb
The idea that Bobby is an active
64 Can we think Bobby as the Anomalous?

Tournament: Texas | Round: 7 | Opponent: Minnesota Milkert-Williams | Judge: Ketchum
Role of the ballot: Who has the best ethical relationship to beings?
First, Case out weights -Just having identity and saying it’s a good thing isn’t enough. This only serves identity up to be cleansed and tamed. This leads to ressentiment of the minoritarian and majoritarian- that’s Tubbs

Second, Ethics come first, Our bunch evidence says that we’re most unethical to those we find devalued. We must create a site of politics be refusing the state, and moving out to the periphery

Third, We solve the K in two ways
Universal recognition of being-
Forfeiture of majoritarian status-
Fourth- The goal is flawed, those in the minority or oppressed will never be a part of the majority because of the bench marks set by the center group. There must be an overhaul of static identities and how we conceptualize politics.
Line by line
Fifth- The root cause of race is a desire that predates any of the slave trade, colonialism. This desire cannot be overcome by bolstering the static identity of race, but only as seeing each other as a multiplicity, otherwise it risks reinforcing the squo.  
Nesbitt 13
Nick Nesbitt, Prof @ Princeton University, State University Ch. “Escaping Race” Book- “DELEUZE CONNECTIONS: Deleuze and Race”, pg 8-9, 2013,
wyo-bb
A focus on race also summons some of the most controversial questions relating to human-being impelling most thinkers
probe-heads escaping the global faciality machine.

This act of becoming counteracts white male hegemonic acts- Outlawry is becoming and the destruction of static identity this act counters the hegemony of the white male that is the standard of western metaphysics
Bunch, 2010
Mary, PHD in philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS, Doctoral Thesis /Wyo-MB
Becoming-animal is a version of bare life
up a spring or stopping a flow” (276).

Group the next two cards- 

Permutation do both, Nomadic politics help create lines of flight in times of crisis and are helpful thought experiments.
Tamboukou 04
MARIA TAMBOUKOU, Professor of Feminist Studies, co-director of the Centre for Narrative Research and co-editor of Gender and Education, “Nomadic Trails in the Unfolding of the Self”, http://www.uel.ac.uk/cnr/NomadicTrailsintheUnfoldingoftheSelf.htm,
wyo-bb
I have argued that rhizomes offer more
theoretical systems. (Braidotti, 1994, from the cover)

Your focus is a humanist standpoint that reinforces the human non human binary, this enables violence on the non human which undermines the whole non violence agenda.
Deckha ‘10
Maneesha Deckha, Associate Professor at the University of Victoria Faculty of Law. “It’s time to abandon the idea of ‘human’ rights,” The Scavenger, December 13, 2010,
wyo-bb
The category of the ‘subhuman’ is inherent
subhuman undermines anti-violence agendas.

The only way to solve those desires it to break down identity through becoming
Nesbitt 13
Nick Nesbitt, Prof @ Princeton University, State University Ch. “Escaping Race” Book- “DELEUZE CONNECTIONS: Deleuze and Race”, pg 3-5, 2013,
wyo-bb
Above all, perhaps, a Deleuzian critique of race
human, all-too human, racialised being.

Tournament: Weber | Round: 2 | Opponent: Weber State Chadwick-Sanchez | Judge: Stevenson
K ‘Buddhism
Case O/W:
Our Interpretation: The resolution asks the question of desirability of USFG action. The Role of ballot is to say yes or no to the action and outcomes of the plan.
Second, is reasons to prefer:
A. Aff Choice, any other framework or role of the ballot moots 9 minutes of the 1ac
B. It is predictable, the resolution demands USFG action
C. It is fair, Weigh Aff Impacts and the method of the Affirmative versus the Kritik, it’s the only way to test competition and determine the desirability of one strategy over another
Finally, It is a voter for competitive equity—prefer our interpretation, it allows both teams to compete, other roles of the ballot are arbitrary and self serving
Buddhism is mystical and rejects science—key to solve environmental problems

Simon James, lecturer of philosophy at the University of Durhman, 2004 “Zen Buddhism and Environmental Ethics”, Pg 29

Let us turn now to
religions such as Zen.

Studies show warming is human caused and will cause extinction
Ahmed 2010
(Nafeez Ahmed, Executive Director of the Institute for Policy Research and Development, professor of International Relations and globalization at Brunel University and the University of Sussex, Spring/Summer 2010, “Globalizing Insecurity: The Convergence of Interdependent Ecological, Energy, and Economic Crises,” Spotlight on Security, Volume 5, Issue 2, online)
Perhaps the most notorious indicator
of all life on earth.xi

Preventing extinction is the highest ethical priority – we should take action to prevent the Other from dying FIRST, only THEN can we consider questions of value to life
Paul Wapner, associate professor and director of the Global Environmental Policy Program at American University, Winter 2003, Dissent, online: http://www.dissentmagazine.org/menutest/archives/2003/wi03/wapner.htm
All attempts to listen to nature
fundamental moral commitment.

the aff over-emphasizes ontology- this stymies politics
Owen 02
David Owen 2, Reader of Political Theory at the Univ. of Southampton, Millennium Vol 31 No 3 2002 p. 655-7
Commenting on the ‘philosophical turn’
potentially vicious circle arises.

Tournament: UTD | Round: 1 | Opponent: UT San Antonio Calhoun-Morales | Judge: Allsup
Off Case
Counter interp – The role of the ballot should be whoever has most ethical relationship to beings.
Liberation can only come if we know how we should interact with one another, we must find what we seek before we know where we are going, prefer our role of the ballot.
1st- Permutation: Do the aff and conceive of fracturing of identities as an outlaw- Becoming allows for the forfeiting of privilege not through pity, but through shame of being majoritarian building collations.
2nd- Case is a DA- Critical race theory can’t theorize about how to stop targeted killing or detention policies which use static identities to inflict bare life, make war inevitable and death.  Only the aff can through destruction of static identity.
3rd- We Solve the impact through root cause- Dehumanization is the root cause of any oppression. Only be changing how we value static identities. It is because the oppressor finds that identity to be less than they can dominate the group.
4th- No link- We don’t destroy the subject minorities but affirm their being in its multiplicity which allows individuals to become what they will with no final solution.
5th- Terminal Defense- The goal is flawed, those in the minority or oppressed will never be a part of the majority because of the bench marks set by the center group. There must be an overhaul of static identities or the majority will always find new exceptions to ignore the minorities.
The root cause of race is a desire that predates any of the slave trade, colonialism. This desire cannot be overcome by bolstering the static identity of race, but only as seeing each other as a multiplicity, otherwise it risks reinforcing the squo.  
Nesbitt 13
Nick Nesbitt, Prof @ Princeton University, State University Ch. “Escaping Race” Book- “DELEUZE CONNECTIONS: Deleuze and Race”, pg 8-9, 2013,
wyo-bb
A focus on race 

escaping the global faciality machine.
The only way to solve those desires it to break down identity through becoming
Nesbitt 13
Nick Nesbitt, Prof @ Princeton University, State University Ch. “Escaping Race” Book- “DELEUZE CONNECTIONS: Deleuze and Race”, pg 3-5, 2013,
wyo-bb
Above all, perhaps, a Deleuzian critique of
beyond the actual state of our human, all-too human, racialised being.

Racism is produced through the thought of static identity, without destroying it the negative’s work is futile
Colebrook 13
Claire Colebrook, is a Edwin Erle Sparks Professor of English at Penn, State UniversityCh. “Face Race” Book- “DELEUZE CONNECTIONS: Deleuze and Race”, pg 35-36, 2013,
wyo-bb
 The problem with racism is
possibility of its un-becoming.

AND Perm do both- Becoming allows people to forfeit their privilege, while supporting those in the minoritarian by creating a site of politics in the periphery, not out of pity, but in shame of what has been done before. This affirmation of sheer difference allows us to affirm every life, regardless of difference.
Lawlor 08
Leonard Lawlor, University of Wisconsin System, “Following the Rats: Becoming-Animal in Deleuze and Guattari”, SubStance, Issue 117 (Volume 37, Number 3), 2008, pp. 171-174,
wyo-bb
If we want to change our relationship ...the motive for change.17 

anti-violence agendas.

The second impact is that first priority arguments to secure a better future allows for current injustices to continue- continues a litany of other oppressions
Smith 10
(Andrea “Queer Theory and Native Studies: The Heteronormativity of Settler Colonialism” GLQ: A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies, Volume 16, Number 1-2, 2010, pp. 42-68 (Article) RC)
Thus normative futurity depends on an “origin story.” The future is legitimated as a continuation of the past. Here... for  the white queer subject.

Seek to be a part the system of humanity by establishing the history and origin will inevitably exclude the other and requires subject to be validated by the colonizer. Becoming and the use of a rhizome for politics allows the being to find their own worth. Only the perm can solve by moving past the search for humanity
Larue 11
Robert Larue, Graduate School of The University of Texas Arlington, “MOVING BEYOND THIS MOMENT: EMPLOYING DELEUZE AND GUATARRI?S RHIZOME IN POSTCOLONIALISM”, August 2011, https://dspace.uta.edu/bitstream/handle/10106/6148/LaRue_uta_2502M_11318.pdf?sequence=1,
wyo-bb
By trying to uncover a human ontology... institutes them as European-style individuals.

Tournament: Weber | Round: 4 | Opponent: Gonzaga Bauer-Johnson | Judge: Guevara
1.No Link- We don’t claim to make any of the changing of the laws on the books, nor do we in this space. 

2. We solve your impact- changing our relationship and treating “extremists” ethically would fundamentally change how they act towards us, solving your impact. That’s Bunch. 

3.Long term predictions fail and have disasterous consequences
Quirk 11
(THE TROUBLE WITH EXPERTS, Paul J. Quirk, Critical Review, Vol. 22, Iss. 4, 2011)
 In his remarkable book Expert Political Judgment
accountability, and ultimately competence. 

Claiming to solve for the Rouge states leads to ineffective policies of containment and drive the states to do what policy makers don’t want them to do faster becoming a SFP
O’Reilly 07
K. P. O’Reilly, Global Studies Ph.D. from University of South Carolina, “Perceiving Rogue States: The Use of the “Rogue State” Concept by U.S. Foreign Policy Elites”, Foreign Policy Analysis Volume 3, Issue 4, pages 295–315, October 2007, Wiley Online Library,
wyo-bb
There appears to be
containment such as engagement.

Tournament: Weber | Round: 4 | Opponent: Gonzaga Bauer-Johnson | Judge: Guevara
1.No Link- We don’t claim to make any of the changing of the laws on the books, nor do we in this space. 

2. We solve your impact- changing our relationship and treating “extremists” ethically would fundamentally change how they act towards us, solving your impact. That’s Bunch. 

3.Long term predictions fail and have disasterous consequences
Quirk 11
(THE TROUBLE WITH EXPERTS, Paul J. Quirk, Critical Review, Vol. 22, Iss. 4, 2011)
 In his remarkable book Expert Political Judgment
accountability, and ultimately competence. 

Claiming to solve for the Rouge states leads to ineffective policies of containment and drive the states to do what policy makers don’t want them to do faster becoming a SFP
O’Reilly 07
K. P. O’Reilly, Global Studies Ph.D. from University of South Carolina, “Perceiving Rogue States: The Use of the “Rogue State” Concept by U.S. Foreign Policy Elites”, Foreign Policy Analysis Volume 3, Issue 4, pages 295–315, October 2007, Wiley Online Library,
wyo-bb
There appears to be
containment such as engagement.

Tournament: UNT | Round: 4 | Opponent: Kansas Hills-Mapes | Judge: Murray
1st- Permutation: Do the aff and conceive of the proletariat politics as an outlaw- Becoming allows for the forfeiting of privilege and building collations towards unethical responces in the world.
2nd- Case is a DA- Marxism  can’t theorize about how to stop targeted killing or detention policies which use static identities to inflict bare life, make war inevitable and death.  Only the aff can through destruction of static identity.
3rd- We Solve the impact through root cause- Dehumanization is the root cause of any oppression. Only be changing how we value static identities. It is because the oppressor finds that identity to be less than they can dominate the group.
4th- No link- We don’t destroy the building of the Marxism movement from building and attacking capitalism.
5th- Terminal Defense- Without the ability to change how we feel about the static identities then there will always be people oppressed because they would still have a law state or groups that would focus on static identities which is the root cause of oppression. 

Marxism fails: they’ll just put the bourgeoisie up against the wall.
Agamben, 98
(Giorgio, philosopher and bad ass, “Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life.” 1998, Stanford University Press, MB)
Carl Schmitt's definition of sovereignty
be revised without reserve.

Becoming is a three part liberation from humanism and capitalism, by changing the representation, reconfiguring desire, and breaks from capitalisms instrumentilization of life. Through becoming animal can the capitalist system be abandoned and true revolution be achieved.
Goodchild 10
Philip Goodchild, Professor of Religion and Philosophy at the University of Nottingham, UK
Volume 39, Number 1, 2010 (Issue 121), “Philosophy as a Way of Life Deleuze on Thinking and Money”, Project Muse,
wyo-bb
In what sense, then, can one
problem: what is money?11

A. Praxis- Even if adopting historical materialism is good in the abstract, there’s no mechanism for how this can be translated to praxis-
Bunge 12
(Mario, Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science, Evaluating Philosophies, Chapter 9: “Marxist Philosophy: Promise and RealityChapter 9 Marxist Philosophy: Promise and Reality,” 2012, pgs. 90-91wyo-mm)
However, Marx did not put
tragic case of mismatch between theory and reality?
Having blind faith in material factors inevitably ensures the reproduction of more capitalist leaders.
Atlantis 12
(News from Atlantis, “Marx was Right; Marx was Wrong,” January 16, 2012, http://newsfromatlantis.blogspot.com/2012/01/marx-was-right-marx-was-wrong.html//wyo-mm)
Marx may have been 100 right in identifying
but in practice the Establishment prevails.

Tournament: Cedanats | Round: 5 | Opponent: Cal State Fullerton Rajan-Rosa | Judge: Weitz
Root cause-
Nesbitt 13
Nick Nesbitt, Prof @ Princeton University, State University Ch. “Escaping Race” Book- “DELEUZE CONNECTIONS: Deleuze and Race”, pg 8-9, 2013,
wyo-bb
A focus on race also summons some
global faciality machine.

Extend our Bunch Structures
Zapatismo erases difference and lumps people together—a better way to view difference in the world is multiplicity
Tormey 6 Simon Tormey, Professor of Politics and Critical Theory at the University of Nottingham, UK, and Director of the Centre for Social and Global Justice based in the School of Politics and International Relations, 2006, oxford journals, wyo-sc

One of the reasons, it seems
own ‘constituency’. As he puts it:

We don’t reduce identity—we open up space for post-representational practice
Tormey 6 Simon Tormey, Professor of Politics and Critical Theory at the University of Nottingham, UK, and Director of the Centre for Social and Global Justice based in the School of Politics and International Relations, 2006, oxford journals, wyo-sc

In this sense as in the other senses
determines what ‘happens’.¶ 

Perm do both: Find Zapatistas movements as a minoritarian gesture.

D+G fight off any risk of essentialism by affirming the Nomadic
Nail 11
THOMAS ANDREW NAIL, Doctoral defense, Presented to the Department of Philosophy and the Graduate School of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, “RETURNING TO REVOLUTION: DELEUZE, GUATTARI, AND ZAPATISMO”, March 2011,
wyo-bb
Thus, if solidarity is possible
more or less transversally identical).

Zapatistas are ineffective – they just trade one kind of rule for another—politics remains at the center, and not the periphery
Tormey 6 Simon Tormey, Professor of Politics and Critical Theory at the University of Nottingham, UK, and Director of the Centre for Social and Global Justice based in the School of Politics and International Relations, 2006, oxford journals, wyo-sc

The experience of the Zapatistas shows
representative assertion: ‘Not in my Name’.

Role of the judge and the ballot it so find whoever finds the best resistance. It is not enough as a revolutionary to just act, but you must think, what is it that we do? What is it we resist?

Tournament: Weber | Round: 2 | Opponent: Weber State Chadwick-Sanchez | Judge: Stevenson
All of Obama’s focus is on Health Care- no other priority comes first
Zachary A. Goldfarb, staff writer covering the White House, focusing on President Obama’s economic, financial and fiscal policy. 11.14.2013“As Obama touts economic growth, mind is still on health care,” http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/as-obama-touts-economic-growth-mind-is-still-on-health-care/2013/11/14/806f3664-4d48-11e3-9890-a1e0997fb0c0_story.html//wyo-hdm
President Obama has said
second-term agenda.
Obama PC not key- it’s all about Boehner
Levy 11/21
(Pema, Newsweek, “Boehner: Torn Between the Tea Party and Electoral Success,” November 21, 2013, http://www.newsweek.com/boehner-torn-between-tea-party-and-electoral-success-62561) /wyo-mm
As the two activists knew,
person right now.”
Wont pass, republicans are still skeptical of Obama and there is no time

Latin American Herald Tribune 11-20
(“GOP Wary of Obama’s Idea for Piecemeal Immigration Reform” 11-20-13 http://www.laht.com/article.asp?ArticleId=1206822andCategoryId=12395//wyoccd)
The statement by Obama
the end of this year.

1st, Debates on drone courts now—legislation being written and proposed—thumps the disad
Wolverton, 3-12-13
Joe, professor of American Government at Chattanooga State and was a practicing attorney until 2009, Federal Courts Rubber Stamp Federal Spying, http://tenthamendmentcenter.com/2013/05/12/federal-courts-rubber-stamp-federal-spying/comment-page-1/#.UfqaW2T70bh /Wyo-MB
Although certainly not one to
around on Capitol Hill.¶
2nd, Link turn drone courts popular in congress—particularly with Feinstein and King
Hosenball, 2-8-2013
Mark, Reuters news service, Support grows for U.S. "drone court" to review lethal strikes, http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/02/09/us-usa-drones-idUSBRE91800B20130209 /Wyo-MB
During a fresh round
activities of the executive."
Feinstein key to agenda- can wrangle in both parties
Tate 13
(Curits, Mcclatchy Newspapers, “Sen. Dianne Feinstein presses her decades-long crusade on guns,” March 10, 2013, http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2013/03/10/185261/sen-dianne-feinstein-presses-her.html#.Uhp4YpKThSQ) /wyo-mm
Feinstein is a veteran la
ground and solving problems.”
3rd, Link turn – plan popular in congress
Jakes 13
(Laura Jakes, writer for the Associate Press. “Congress Considers Putting Limits on Drone Strikes” 2-6-13 http://www.military.com/daily-news/2013/02/06/congress-considers-putting-limits-on-drone-strikes.html//wyoccd)
WASHINGTON -- Uncomfortable
safeguards," the senators wrote.

Tournament: Weber | Round: 4 | Opponent: Gonzaga Bauer-Johnson | Judge: Guevara

1. Doesn’t solve case- Doesn’t solve the outlaws already on the fringe, or how the state reacts to difference. 

Obama is prioritizing capture over drone strikes now
Corn 13
David, Washington Bureau Chief at Mother Jones,  5/23/13, “Obama's Counterterrorism Speech: A Pivot Point on Drones and More?,” http://www.motherjones.com/mojo/2013/05/obama-speech-drones-civil-liberties
So Obama's speech Thursday
fight against terrorism.

Restricting detention policies means we targeted kill and extradite prisoners.
Goldsmith 09
Jack, a professor at Harvard Law School and a member of the Hoover Institution Task Force on National Security and Law, assistant attorney general in the Bush administration, 5/31/09, “The Shell Game on Detainees and Interrogation,” http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/05/29/AR2009052902989.html
The cat-and-mouse game
better about ourselves.

Tournament: Weber | Round: 4 | Opponent: Gonzaga Bauer-Johnson | Judge: Guevara

1. Doesn’t solve case- Doesn’t solve the outlaws already on the fringe, or how the state reacts to difference. 

Obama is prioritizing capture over drone strikes now
Corn 13
David, Washington Bureau Chief at Mother Jones,  5/23/13, “Obama's Counterterrorism Speech: A Pivot Point on Drones and More?,” http://www.motherjones.com/mojo/2013/05/obama-speech-drones-civil-liberties
So Obama's speech Thursday
fight against terrorism.

Restricting detention policies means we targeted kill and extradite prisoners.
Goldsmith 09
Jack, a professor at Harvard Law School and a member of the Hoover Institution Task Force on National Security and Law, assistant attorney general in the Bush administration, 5/31/09, “The Shell Game on Detainees and Interrogation,” http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/05/29/AR2009052902989.html
The cat-and-mouse game
better about ourselves.

Tournament: Weber | Round: 4 | Opponent: Gonzaga Bauer-Johnson | Judge: Guevara
2AC- Sex Difference
No link- We don’t destroy the subject of the woman but affirm being which allows individuals to become what they will. 

Our impact out weights- The static identity forced upon individuals by the state and alternative allow for dehumization continual violence in the search of the truth. – That’s Bunch 10 

Also the biopolitical management of what specific identity we should affirm in order to heal the fractures in the community is the same final solution suggested against the jews- that’s Agamben
Perm do both- It is not a contradiction, sheer alterity allows for the individual to be who they want to be while shedding their oppression A
Bunch 13
Mary Bunch, PHD in philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, “Posthuman Ethics and the Becoming Animal of Emmanuel Levinas”, Taylor Francis Online, 23 Oct 2013,
wyo-bb
While this approach holds potential
them under conditions of sameness.

Also if you’re right that all identity is masculine and all politics are masculine then we are affirming the feminine politics that you support AND solve it better.

Tournament: Weber | Round: 4 | Opponent: Gonzaga Bauer-Johnson | Judge: Guevara
2AC- Sex Difference
No link- We don’t destroy the subject of the woman but affirm being which allows individuals to become what they will. 

Our impact out weights- The static identity forced upon individuals by the state and alternative allow for dehumization continual violence in the search of the truth. – That’s Bunch 10 

Also the biopolitical management of what specific identity we should affirm in order to heal the fractures in the community is the same final solution suggested against the jews- that’s Agamben
Perm do both- It is not a contradiction, sheer alterity allows for the individual to be who they want to be while shedding their oppression A
Bunch 13
Mary Bunch, PHD in philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, “Posthuman Ethics and the Becoming Animal of Emmanuel Levinas”, Taylor Francis Online, 23 Oct 2013,
wyo-bb
While this approach holds potential
them under conditions of sameness.

Also if you’re right that all identity is masculine and all politics are masculine then we are affirming the feminine politics that you support AND solve it better.

Tournament: UNT | Round: 2 | Opponent: Wichita State McFarland-ODonnell | Judge: Van Luvanee
Contention One: Exclusion of the Outlaw
WE BEGIN WITH AL-AWLAKI TARGETED BY HIS GOVERNMENT FOR BEING AN OUTLAW, HOWEVER HISTORY SHOWS A LONG PRECEDENT OF THE STATE HUNTING THE OUTLAW
Chong 12
Jane Y. Chong, Yale Law School, JD 2014; Duke University, BA 2009, “Targeting the Twenty-First-Century Outlaw”, December, 2012, Yale Law Journal, 122 Yale L.J. 724, Google Scholar,
wyo-bb
On September 30, 2011,
conservative critics alike." (19)
IN FACT THE DOJ JUSTIFIES THE EXTRA JUDICIAL KILLING THROUGH THE DECLARATION OF THEIR IDENTITY AS AN OUTLAW
Cole 13
Juan Cole, Public intellectual, prominent blogger and essayist, and the Richard P. Mitchell Collegiate Professor of History at the University of Michigan, 02/06/2013, “Top Five Objections to the White House’s Drone Killing Memo”, http://www.juancole.com/2013/02/objections-houses-killing.html,
wyo-bb
NBC’s Michael Isikoff
person in front of a judge).
THE EXCLUSION OF THE OUTLAW IS A CENTRAL FUNCTION OF MODERN POLITICS—DESTRUCTION OF TERRORISTS AND INDEFINITE DETENTION ARE EXAMPLES OF THE EXCLUSION OF DEMONIZATION OF OUTLAWS THAT EMBODIES POLITICS TODAY—THIS EXPOSES THE LIMITS OF DEMOCRATIC AND POLITICAL COMMUNITIES MARKING THE POINT WHERE VIOLENCE BECOMES POSSIBLE AND BIOPOLITICAL CATASTROPHE BECOMES INEVITABLE
Bunch, 2010
Mary, PHD in philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS, Doctoral Thesis /Wyo-MB
The deconstructive logic of outlawry
if only for a suspended instant.
THE EXCLUSION AND ELIMINATION OF THE OUTLAW IS PART OF THE ATTEMPT TO PRODUCE A SINGLE AND UNIFIED PEOPLE UNDER THE LAW—THIS PROJECT RESULTS IN THE FINAL SOLUTION
Agamben, 2000
Giorgio, Means without ends: notes on politics, Pg 33-35 /Wyo-MB
If this is the case-if the concept of people
the other European peoples.)

THE LAW USES STATIC IDENTITY AS A TOOL TO TOTALIZE IDENTITY. THE ONLY WAY THE LAW CAN RECONCILE THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THESE TOTALIZED IDENTITIES IS THROUGH VIOLENCE, MAKING WAR INEVITABLE. THE ONLY SOLUTION IS TO REJECT STATIC IDENTITIES AND EMBRACE THE METHOD OF BECOMING
Bunch, 2010
Mary, PHD in philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS, Doctoral Thesis /Wyo-MB
If ethics and politics are
of the ethics of alterity does.

Contention Two: Outlaw Politics
THUS OUR ADVOCACY: WE AFFIRM THAT WE ARE OUTLAWS.
We make two solvency claims:
First, Universal Recognition of being- recognition of the outlaw in all of us allows us to rethink ethics creating a ethical interaction towards the excluded other.
Second, This recognition solves dehumanization- a politics of outlawry is critical to challenging relationships of violence that exist in the status quo
Bunch, 2010
Mary, PHD in philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS, Doctoral Thesis /Wyo-MB
I began this chapter with the
mobilizes around those exclusions.
Third, This act of becoming counteracts white male hegemonic acts- Outlawry is becoming and the destruction of static identity this act counters the hegemony of the white male that is the standard of western metaphysics
Bunch, 2010
Mary, PHD in philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS, Doctoral Thesis /Wyo-MB
Becoming-animal is a
spring or stopping a flow” (276).

The Aff key to changing our relationship with the world, this is a key starting point for affirmation of sheer difference to affirm every life, regardless of difference.
Lawlor 08
Leonard Lawlor, University of Wisconsin System, “Following the Rats: Becoming-Animal in Deleuze and Guattari”, SubStance, Issue 117 (Volume 37, Number 3), 2008, pp. 171-174,
wyo-bb
If we want to change our
thing standing in for another.

Finally, Changing social structures and power is counter revolutionary changing one kind of rule for another, instead we need critique that remove meaning from identity destroying the foundation of power today
Bunch, 2010
Mary, PHD in philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS, Doctoral Thesis /Wyo-MB
Deleuze and Guattari are thus
present, such as democracy.

Tournament: Texas | Round: 3 | Opponent: Georgetown Burdette-Louvis | Judge: Topp
Contention One: Exclusion of the Outlaw
WE BEGIN WITH AL-AWLAKI TARGETED BY HIS GOVERNMENT FOR BEING AN OUTLAW, HOWEVER HISTORY SHOWS A LONG PRECEDENT OF THE STATE HUNTING THE OUTLAW
Chong 12
Jane Y. Chong, Yale Law School, JD 2014; Duke University, BA 2009, “Targeting the Twenty-First-Century Outlaw”, December, 2012, Yale Law Journal, 122 Yale L.J. 724, Google Scholar,
wyo-bb
On September 30, 2011, when drones fired Hellfire missiles at his convoy in Yemen, Anwar al-Awlaki did not
conservative critics alike." (19)
IN FACT THE DOJ JUSTIFIES THE EXTRA JUDICIAL KILLING THROUGH THE DECLARATION OF THEIR IDENTITY AS AN OUTLAW
Cole 13
Juan Cole, Public intellectual, prominent blogger and essayist, and the Richard P. Mitchell Collegiate Professor of History at the University of Michigan, 02/06/2013, “Top Five Objections to the White House’s Drone Killing Memo”, http://www.juancole.com/2013/02/objections-houses-killing.html,
wyo-bb
NBC’s Michael Isikoff has revealed
,” i.e. bringing the physical person in front of a judge).
THE EXCLUSION OF THE OUTLAW IS A CENTRAL FUNCTION OF MODERN POLITICS—DESTRUCTION OF TERRORISTS AND INDEFINITE DETENTION ARE EXAMPLES OF THE EXCLUSION OF DEMONIZATION OF OUTLAWS THAT EMBODIES POLITICS TODAY—THIS EXPOSES THE LIMITS OF DEMOCRATIC AND POLITICAL COMMUNITIES MARKING THE POINT WHERE VIOLENCE BECOMES POSSIBLE AND BIOPOLITICAL CATASTROPHE BECOMES INEVITABLE
Bunch, 2010
Mary, PHD in philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS, Doctoral Thesis /Wyo-MB
The deconstructive logic of outlawry
the possibility of a new law, if only for a suspended instant.
THIS USE OF IDENITITY IN THE POLITICAL AND PERSONAL HAS THREE IMPACTS:
FIRST, THE EXCLUSION AND ELIMINATION OF THE OUTLAW IS PART OF THE ATTEMPT TO PRODUCE A SINGLE AND UNIFIED PEOPLE UNDER THE LAW—THIS PROJECT RESULTS IN THE FINAL SOLUTION
Agamben, 2000
Giorgio, Means without ends: notes on politics, Pg 33-35 /Wyo-MB
If this is the case-if the concept of
also for the other European peoples.)

SECOND, THE CLEANSING OF NEGATIVITY FROM IDENTITIES AND DIFFERENCE BREEDS RESSENTIMENT
Tubbs 05
Nigel Tubbs, Principal Lecturer at University College Winchester, “Nietzsche, Zarathustra and Deleuze”, Journal of Philosophy of Education, Vol. 39, No. 2, 2005, Chapter 7, http://exordio.qfb.umich.mx/archivos20pdf20de20trabajo20umsnh/aphilosofia/educaciC3B3n20filosofia/chapter7.pdf,
wyo-bb
In Nietzsche and Philosophy, Deleuze
negative know not what¶ they do: they take the shadow for reality, they encourage phantoms, they¶ uncouple consequences from premisses . . .’ (ibid.).

THIRD, BY SEEING THESE IDENTITIES AS A DANGER TO THE CURRENT POLITICAL ORDER AND SURVIVAL, IT INVOKES A SURVIVAL POLITICS IN A GENOCIDAL MANAGEMENT OF THE OTHER
Dillon, 2008
(Michael, “Revisiting Franco’s Death” Foucault on Politics, Security and War. Pg 176-178, mb)
If Foucault is right, that liberal peace
the liberal way of war (Dillon and Reid, 2008). 

FINALLY, THE LAW USES STATIC IDENTITY AS A TOOL TO TOTALIZE IDENTITY. THE ONLY WAY THE LAW CAN RECONCILE THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THESE TOTALIZED IDENTITIES IS THROUGH VIOLENCE, MAKING WAR INEVITABLE. ONLY SOLUTION IS THE METHOD OF BECOMING
Bunch, 2010
Mary, PHD in philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS, Doctoral Thesis /Wyo-MB
If ethics and politics are separate, there
the ethics of alterity does.

Contention Two: Outlaw Politics
THUS OUR ADVOCACY: WE AFFIRM THAT WE ARE OUTLAWS.
We make two solvency claims:
First, Universal Recognition of being- recognition of the outlaw in all of us allows us to rethink ethics creating an ethical interaction towards the excluded other.
Second, This recognition solves devaluation- a politics of outlawry is critical to challenging relationships of violence that exist in the status quo
Bunch, 2010
Mary, PHD in philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS, Doctoral Thesis /Wyo-MB
I began this chapter with the becoming-animal of Levinas
be ethical, mobilizes around those exclusions.
Third, starting with the self is key to changing our relationship with the world, this is a key starting point for affirmation of sheer difference to affirm every life, regardless of difference.
Lawlor 08
Leonard Lawlor, University of Wisconsin System, “Following the Rats: Becoming-Animal in Deleuze and Guattari”, SubStance, Issue 117 (Volume 37, Number 3), 2008, pp. 171-174,
wyo-bb
If we want to change our relationship to the world
relation of one thing standing in for another.

Finally, Changing social structures and power is counter revolutionary changing one kind of rule for another, instead we need critique that remove meaning from identity destroying the foundation of power today
Bunch, 2010
Mary, PHD in philosophy at the University of Western Ontario, OUTLAWRY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE (IM)POSSIBLE: DECONSTRUCTING BIOPOLITICS, Doctoral Thesis /Wyo-MB
Deleuze and Guattari are thus interested in the politics of
structures of the present, such as democracy.

Tournament: Weber | Round: 2 | Opponent: Weber State Chadwick-Sanchez | Judge: Stevenson
Expansive use of targeted killing causes blowback, collateral damage, and operational errors— new guidelines key
Guiora, 2012
Amos, Professor of Law, S.J. Quinney College of Law, University of Utah, Targeted killing: when proportionality gets all out of proportion, Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law. 45.1-2 (Fall 2012): p235., Academic onefile /Wyo-MB
Morality in armed conflict is not
regardless of method or procedure.
And drones first policy undermines cooperation and counterterror credibility
Boyle 13
(Michael, International Affairs, “The costs and consequences of drone warfare,” 2013, http://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/public/International20Affairs/2013/89_1/89_1Boyle.pdf) /wyo-mm
Much of the existing debate
who are victims of them.
Plan is key to effective drone use—solves blowback
Masood 13
(Hassan, Monmouth College, “Death from the Heavens: The Politics of the United States’ Drone Campaign in Pakistan’s Tribal Areas,” 2013) /wyo-mm
Those who support the use of drones as an important counter-insurgency tactic nonetheless point out that the current
produced more terrorists.”

Tournament: Weber | Round: 2 | Opponent: Weber State Chadwick-Sanchez | Judge: Stevenson
1st, Counterplan can’t solve
extend Chebab
2nd, can’t solve drone prolif-  
And, Executive reform fails
Chebab, 2012
Ahmad, Georgetown University Law Center, Retrieving the Role of Accountability in the Targeted Killings Context: A Proposal for Judicial Review, 3-30-12, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2031572 /Wyo-MB
U.S. citizens, there must
accountable decision-making.105
Only congress can ensure sufficient clarity
Mark David Maxwell, Colonel, Judge Advocate with the U.S. Army, Winter 2012, TARGETED KILLING, THE LAW, AND TERRORISTS, Joint Force Quarterly, http://www.ndu.edu/press/targeted-killing.html
The weakness of this theory
safety: the rule of law.
2nd, Perm do both
Perm—Shields the Link to politics—Congress purposefully doesn’t act on legislation or waits for executive action so that they can blame the president
Neil Buchanan, Law Professor, February 21, 2013, Spending Priorities, the Separation of Powers, and the Rule of Law, http://www.dorfonlaw.org/2013/02/spending-priorities-separation-of.html, uwyoamp
The debt ceiling is keeping
comes great responsibility.
3rd, counterplan links to politics
Schier 9
Steven, Professor of Poliitcal Science at Carleton,"Understanding the Obama Presidency," The Forum: Vol. 7: Iss. 1, Berkely Electronic Press, http://www.bepress.com/forum/vol7/iss1/art10
 In additional to formal powers
impose his preferences.