Opponent: San Francisco State GL | Judge: Husse Dabiri
1AC Drone Courts w terror and drolif advs 1NC Nietzsche 2NR Nietzsche
CEDA
3
Opponent: Sacramento State GM | Judge: Alex Zendeh
1AC Drone Courts 1NC Exec CP w Flex net ben Detention Shift DA Anthro K T Prohibit
CEDA
5
Opponent: Texas JS | Judge: Jared Anderson
1AR Drone Courts 1NC Risk K T Restrict=Prohibit Anthro K Block Anthro K Risk K 2NR Anthro K
UNT
1
Opponent: KSU MR | Judge: Matt Moore
1AC Drone Courts 1NC Pan turn on prolif adv Terror talk turn on terror adv Schmitt reformism k farm bill ptx da 2AC FW and Condo Block Case turns and reformism k 2NR Case turns and reformism k
1AC Drone courts 1NC Damage suits CP Reformism K Iran Sanctions PTX T prohibit case Block CP DA case 2NR DA CP case
UTD
2
Opponent: SamfordIndiana CM | Judge: Brian Box
1AC Drone Courts w terror and drolif advantages 1NC CIR Prez Powers DA OLC CP Block CIR PP DA OLC CP 2NR OLC CP and PP DA
UTD
3
Opponent: JCCC SW | Judge:
1AC Drone Court 1NC Buddhism k CIR PTX terror reps case turn Block all of it 2NR CIR PTX terror reps case turn
UTD
6
Opponent: Texas-Austin CM | Judge: A Morgan
1AC Drone Courts (1AC from round 3) 1NC Afro-Pessimism Risk K Case 2AC FW Block Afro-Pessimism Risk K 2NR Afro-Pessimism Risk K links as case D
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
Entry
Date
1AC CEDA R5
Tournament: CEDA | Round: 5 | Opponent: Texas JS | Judge: Jared Anderson
Plan
The United States federal government should substantially increase statutory restrictions on the war powers authority of the President of the United States by establishing a federal counterterrorism oversight court with jurisdiction over targeted killing orders for robotic aerial vehicles.
Terror
Expansive use of targeted killing causes blowback, collateral damage, and operational errors— new guidelines key
Guiora, 2012 ~Amos, Professor of Law, S.J. Quinney College of Law, University of Utah, Targeted killing: when proportionality gets all out of proportion, Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law. 45.1-2 (Fall 2012): p235., Academic onefile~ /Wyo-MB Morality in armed conflict is not a mere mantra: it imposes significant demands on AND becomes a mantra that justifies all action, regardless of method or procedure.
Exclusive executive decision making in drone strikes makes groupthink and errors inevitable
Chebab, 2012 ~Ahmad, Georgetown University Law Center, Retrieving the Role of Accountability in the Targeted Killings Context: A Proposal for Judicial Review, 3-30-12, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2031572~~ /Wyo-MB The practical, pragmatic justification for the COAACC derives largely from considering¶ social psychological AND and other associated deficiencies are inevitable features in Executive Branch decision-making. Branch decision-making.
Impact is nuclear war
Wright, 2003 ~Rusty, former associate speaker and writer with Probe Ministries, is an international lecturer, award-winning author, and journalist who has spoken on six continents. He holds Bachelor of Science (psychology) and Master of Theology degrees from Duke and Oxford universities, JFK and Groupthink: Lessons in Decision Making, http://www.probe.org/site/c.fdKEIMNsEoG/b.4221087/~~ /Wyo-MB A fascinating facet of Kennedy’s legacy involves the decision- making procedures he used among AND , and the ministry. One area it has affected is Christian television.
Judicial review solves groupthink
Chebab, 2012 ~Ahmad, Georgetown University Law Center, Retrieving the Role of Accountability in the Targeted Killings Context: A Proposal for Judicial Review, 3-30-12, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2031572~~ /Wyo-MB To check the vices of groupthink and shortcomings of human judgment, the psychology literature AND choices and evaluate available alternatives than when subject to little to no review.
Plan is key to effective drone use—solves blowback
Masood 13 (Hassan, Monmouth College, "Death from the Heavens: The Politics of the United States’ Drone Campaign in Pakistan’s Tribal Areas," 2013) /wyo-mm Those who support the use of drones as an important counter-insurgency tactic nonetheless AND within the TTP that the Pakistan Army was able to launch the South Waziristan ng said that whileOffensive, putting the TTP on the defensive. But the lower AND .S. drone strikes have killed more terrorists or produced more terrorists."
Global terror threat is high and attacks against the US are immanent
ETN, 9-26-13 ~E Turbo News Global Travel News Industry Reporting on information from the State department, US State Department issues worldwide travel warning, http://www.eturbonews.com/38306/us-state-department-issues-worldwide-travel-warning~~ /Wyo-MB The US State Department recently released a statement cautioning Americans traveling abroad of potential terror AND in Pakistan may be planning a new series of attacks against Western targets.
And Nuclear terrorism is feasible—-high risk of theft and attacks escalate
Vladimir Z. Dvorkin ’12 Major General (retired), doctor of technical sciences, professor, and senior fellow at the Center for International Security of the Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The Center participates in the working group of the U.S.-Russia Initiative to Prevent Nuclear Terrorism, 9/21/12, "What Can Destroy Strategic Stability: Nuclear Terrorism is a Real Threat," belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/publication/22333/what_can_destroy_strategic_stability.html Hundreds of scientific papers and reports have been published on nuclear terrorism. International conferences AND a common understanding of these threats and develop a strategy to combat them. the entire counterterrorist effort, or become a national obsession that creates needless terror.
Nuclear terrorism causes extinction
Morgan 9 Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yongin Campus – South Korea (Dennis, Futures, November, "World on fire: two scenarios of the destruction of human civilization and possible extinction of the human race," Science Direct), accessed 9-16-2011,WYO/JF In a remarkable website on nuclear war, Carol Moore asks the question "Is AND , to a life of unimaginable misery and suffering in a nuclear winter.
Drone Prolif
Drone Prolif Now
Zenko, 2013 ~Micah, Council of Foreign Relations, Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies, January 2013, Council Special Report No. 65, Online~ /Wyo-MB It is estimated that the number of states that have acquired a com- plete AND that there have been intentionally hidden advances toward states’ development of weaponized drones.
The US has a narrow window of opportunity to shape drone proliferation, only US reform based on transparency and restraint will solve
Zenko, 2013 ~Micah, Council of Foreign Relations, Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies, January 2013, Council Special Report No. 65, Online~ /Wyo-MB In short, a world characterized by the proliferation of armed drones—used with AND the future, the United States should undertake the following specific policy recommendations.
Establishing a precedent of transparency and accountability spills over globally– a non-executive framework is key
Brooks 13 (Rosa, Professor of Law – Georgetown University Law Center, Bernard L. Schwartz Senior Fellow – New America Foundation, Former Counselor to the Undersecretary of Defense for Policy – Department of Defense, "The Constitutional and Counterterrorism Implications of Targeted Killing," Testimony Before the Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on the Constitution, Civil Rights, and Human Rights, 4-23, http://www.judiciary.senate.gov/pdf/04-23-13BrooksTestimony.pdf-http://www.judiciary.senate.gov/pdf/04-23-13BrooksTestimony.pdf) 5. Setting Troubling International Precedents Here is an additional reason to worry about the AND them to justify the killing of dissidents, rivals, or unwanted minorities?
And, independent courts are key—only checks on unilateral executive power can provide legitimacy to the United States and credibility to our counterterror policies, finally, the selection process for drone courts solves all disads to judges
Chebab, 2012 ~Ahmad, Georgetown University Law Center, Retrieving the Role of Accountability in the Targeted Killings Context: A Proposal for Judicial Review, 3-30-12, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2031572~~ /Wyo-MB Rather, balancing the needs of security against the imperatives of liberty is a traditional AND reinstate American moral legitimacy in its use of force against global terrorism.114
The plan solves international norms- US can shape and limit drone prolif and provide the ability to apply diplomatic pressure
Zenko, 2013 ~Micah, Council of Foreign Relations, Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies, January 2013, Council Special Report No. 65, Online~ /Wyo-MB History shows that how states adopt and use new military capabilities is often influenced by AND should be informed by comparable efforts in the realms of cyber and space.
Unfettered drone prolif causes deterrence crises that leads to nuclear conflict
Boyle, 13 ~"The costs and consequences of drone warfare", MICHAEL J. BOYLE, International Affairs 89: 1 (2013) 1–29, assistant professor of political science at LaSalle University~ The emergence of this arms race for drones raises at least five long-term AND legal architecture which might avert some of the worst consequences of their use.
Glaser 12 Bonnie S., Senior Fellow – Center for Strategic and International Studies, "Armed Clash in the South China Sea," CFR, April, http://www.cfr.org/east-asia/armed-clash-south-china-sea/p27883 The risk of conflict in the South China Sea is significant. China, Taiwan AND intensifying bilateral strategic competition would likely make managing such a crisis more difficult.
Solvency
The creation of a federal counterterror oversight court solves all problems with the targeted killing program and all disads to judicial review
Plaw, 2007 ~Avery, Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Massachusetts at Dartmouth AND Academic OneFile. Web. 3 Oct. 2013~ /Wyo-MB This final section offers a briefcase that there is room for a principled compromise between AND that terrorist targetings carried out in the future are uniformly legitimate and effective.
As academics we are directly responsible for what we do or don’t say about drone violence—this space is not neutral since we chose to debate the war powers topic—we have a responsibility to make the choice to say no to unrestrained use of drones
Sparrow, 2012 ~Robert, School of Philosophical, Historical and Inter- national Studies, "Just say no" to drones, IEEE TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY MAGAZINE | SPRING 2012~ /Wyo-MB "A Searching and Fearless Moral Inventory"¶ Nothing I have said here is AND research may not be funded, and one’s career may be seriously affected.
A risk of nuclear war precludes any deontological framework – uncertainty mandates that every policy decision must be able to guarantee the continued existence of the human race, and to ignore this possibility is in itself immoral and unjustified.
Schell, 2000 Schell, policy analyst and proliferation expert, 2000 (Jonathan, "The Fate of the Earth", p. 94-5) *This card has been gender-modified. To say that human extinction is a certainty would, of course, be a AND to withdraw the threat we now pose to the earth and to ourselves.
3/22/14
1AC CEDA Round 1
Tournament: CEDA | Round: 1 | Opponent: San Francisco State GL | Judge: Husse Dabiri
1AC
Plan
The United States federal government should substantially increase statutory restrictions on the war powers authority of the President of the United States by establishing a federal counterterrorism oversight court with jurisdiction over targeted killing orders for robotic aerial vehicles.
Terror
Expansive use of targeted killing causes blowback, collateral damage, and operational errors— new guidelines key
Guiora, 2012 ~Amos, Professor of Law, S.J. Quinney College of Law, University of Utah, Targeted killing: when proportionality gets all out of proportion, Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law. 45.1-2 (Fall 2012): p235., Academic onefile~ /Wyo-MB Morality in armed conflict is not a mere mantra: it imposes significant demands on AND becomes a mantra that justifies all action, regardless of method or procedure.
Exclusive executive decision making in drone strikes makes groupthink and errors inevitable
Chebab, 2012 ~Ahmad, Georgetown University Law Center, Retrieving the Role of Accountability in the Targeted Killings Context: A Proposal for Judicial Review, 3-30-12, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2031572~~ /Wyo-MB The practical, pragmatic justification for the COAACC derives largely from considering¶ social psychological AND and other associated deficiencies are inevitable features in Executive Branch decision-making. Branch decision-making.
Impact is nuclear war
Wright, 2003 ~Rusty, former associate speaker and writer with Probe Ministries, is an international lecturer, award-winning author, and journalist who has spoken on six continents. He holds Bachelor of Science (psychology) and Master of Theology degrees from Duke and Oxford universities, JFK and Groupthink: Lessons in Decision Making, http://www.probe.org/site/c.fdKEIMNsEoG/b.4221087/~~ /Wyo-MB A fascinating facet of Kennedy’s legacy involves the decision- making procedures he used among AND , and the ministry. One area it has affected is Christian television.
Judicial review solves groupthink
Chebab, 2012 ~Ahmad, Georgetown University Law Center, Retrieving the Role of Accountability in the Targeted Killings Context: A Proposal for Judicial Review, 3-30-12, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2031572~~ /Wyo-MB To check the vices of groupthink and shortcomings of human judgment, the psychology literature AND choices and evaluate available alternatives than when subject to little to no review.
Plan is key to effective drone use—solves blowback
Masood 13 (Hassan, Monmouth College, "Death from the Heavens: The Politics of the United States’ Drone Campaign in Pakistan’s Tribal Areas," 2013) /wyo-mm Those who support the use of drones as an important counter-insurgency tactic nonetheless AND within the TTP that the Pakistan Army was able to launch the South Waziristan ng said that whileOffensive, putting the TTP on the defensive. But the lower AND .S. drone strikes have killed more terrorists or produced more terrorists."
Global terror threat is high and attacks against the US are immanent
ETN, 9-26-13 ~E Turbo News Global Travel News Industry Reporting on information from the State department, US State Department issues worldwide travel warning, http://www.eturbonews.com/38306/us-state-department-issues-worldwide-travel-warning~~ /Wyo-MB The US State Department recently released a statement cautioning Americans traveling abroad of potential terror AND in Pakistan may be planning a new series of attacks against Western targets.
And Nuclear terrorism is feasible—-high risk of theft and attacks escalate
Vladimir Z. Dvorkin ’12 Major General (retired), doctor of technical sciences, professor, and senior fellow at the Center for International Security of the Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The Center participates in the working group of the U.S.-Russia Initiative to Prevent Nuclear Terrorism, 9/21/12, "What Can Destroy Strategic Stability: Nuclear Terrorism is a Real Threat," belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/publication/22333/what_can_destroy_strategic_stability.html Hundreds of scientific papers and reports have been published on nuclear terrorism. International conferences AND a common understanding of these threats and develop a strategy to combat them. the entire counterterrorist effort, or become a national obsession that creates needless terror.
Nuclear terrorism causes extinction
Morgan 9 Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yongin Campus – South Korea (Dennis, Futures, November, "World on fire: two scenarios of the destruction of human civilization and possible extinction of the human race," Science Direct), accessed 9-16-2011,WYO/JF In a remarkable website on nuclear war, Carol Moore asks the question "Is AND , to a life of unimaginable misery and suffering in a nuclear winter.
Drone Prolif
Drone Prolif Now
Zenko, 2013 ~Micah, Council of Foreign Relations, Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies, January 2013, Council Special Report No. 65, Online~ /Wyo-MB It is estimated that the number of states that have acquired a com- plete AND that there have been intentionally hidden advances toward states’ development of weaponized drones.
The US has a narrow window of opportunity to shape drone proliferation, only US reform based on transparency and restraint will solve
Zenko, 2013 ~Micah, Council of Foreign Relations, Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies, January 2013, Council Special Report No. 65, Online~ /Wyo-MB In short, a world characterized by the proliferation of armed drones—used with AND the future, the United States should undertake the following specific policy recommendations.
Establishing a precedent of transparency and accountability spills over globally– a non-executive framework is key
Brooks 13 (Rosa, Professor of Law – Georgetown University Law Center, Bernard L. Schwartz Senior Fellow – New America Foundation, Former Counselor to the Undersecretary of Defense for Policy – Department of Defense, "The Constitutional and Counterterrorism Implications of Targeted Killing," Testimony Before the Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on the Constitution, Civil Rights, and Human Rights, 4-23, http://www.judiciary.senate.gov/pdf/04-23-13BrooksTestimony.pdf-http://www.judiciary.senate.gov/pdf/04-23-13BrooksTestimony.pdf) 5. Setting Troubling International Precedents Here is an additional reason to worry about the AND them to justify the killing of dissidents, rivals, or unwanted minorities?
And, independent courts are key—only checks on unilateral executive power can provide legitimacy to the United States and credibility to our counterterror policies, finally, the selection process for drone courts solves all disads to judges
Chebab, 2012 ~Ahmad, Georgetown University Law Center, Retrieving the Role of Accountability in the Targeted Killings Context: A Proposal for Judicial Review, 3-30-12, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2031572~~ /Wyo-MB Rather, balancing the needs of security against the imperatives of liberty is a traditional AND reinstate American moral legitimacy in its use of force against global terrorism.114
The plan solves international norms- US can shape and limit drone prolif and provide the ability to apply diplomatic pressure
Zenko, 2013 ~Micah, Council of Foreign Relations, Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies, January 2013, Council Special Report No. 65, Online~ /Wyo-MB History shows that how states adopt and use new military capabilities is often influenced by AND should be informed by comparable efforts in the realms of cyber and space.
Unfettered drone prolif causes deterrence crises that leads to nuclear conflict
Boyle, 13 ~"The costs and consequences of drone warfare", MICHAEL J. BOYLE, International Affairs 89: 1 (2013) 1–29, assistant professor of political science at LaSalle University~ The emergence of this arms race for drones raises at least five long-term AND legal architecture which might avert some of the worst consequences of their use.
Glaser 12 Bonnie S., Senior Fellow – Center for Strategic and International Studies, "Armed Clash in the South China Sea," CFR, April, http://www.cfr.org/east-asia/armed-clash-south-china-sea/p27883 The risk of conflict in the South China Sea is significant. China, Taiwan AND intensifying bilateral strategic competition would likely make managing such a crisis more difficult.
Solvency
The creation of a federal counterterror oversight court solves all problems with the targeted killing program and all disads to judicial review
Plaw, 2007 ~Avery, Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Massachusetts at Dartmouth AND Academic OneFile. Web. 3 Oct. 2013~ /Wyo-MB This final section offers a briefcase that there is room for a principled compromise between AND that terrorist targetings carried out in the future are uniformly legitimate and effective.
As academics we are directly responsible for what we do or don’t say about drone violence—this space is not neutral since we chose to debate the war powers topic—we have a responsibility to make the choice to say no to unrestrained use of drones
Sparrow, 2012 ~Robert, School of Philosophical, Historical and Inter- national Studies, "Just say no" to drones, IEEE TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY MAGAZINE | SPRING 2012~ /Wyo-MB "A Searching and Fearless Moral Inventory"¶ Nothing I have said here is AND research may not be funded, and one’s career may be seriously affected.
A risk of nuclear war precludes any deontological framework – uncertainty mandates that every policy decision must be able to guarantee the continued existence of the human race, and to ignore this possibility is in itself immoral and unjustified.
Schell, 2000 Schell, policy analyst and proliferation expert, 2000 (Jonathan, "The Fate of the Earth", p. 94-5) *This card has been gender-modified. To say that human extinction is a certainty would, of course, be a AND to withdraw the threat we now pose to the earth and to ourselves.
The United States federal government should substantially increase statutory restrictions on the war powers authority of the President of the United States by establishing a federal counterterrorism oversight court with jurisdiction over targeted killing orders for robotic aerial vehicles.
Terror
Expansive use of targeted killing causes blowback, collateral damage, and operational errors— new guidelines key
Guiora, 2012 ~Amos, Professor of Law, S.J. Quinney College of Law, University of Utah, Targeted killing: when proportionality gets all out of proportion, Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law. 45.1-2 (Fall 2012): p235., Academic onefile~ /Wyo-MB Morality in armed conflict is not a mere mantra: it imposes significant demands on AND becomes a mantra that justifies all action, regardless of method or procedure.
Exclusive executive decision making in drone strikes makes groupthink and errors inevitable
Chebab, 2012 ~Ahmad, Georgetown University Law Center, Retrieving the Role of Accountability in the Targeted Killings Context: A Proposal for Judicial Review, 3-30-12, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2031572~~ /Wyo-MB The practical, pragmatic justification for the COAACC derives largely from considering¶ social psychological AND and other associated deficiencies are inevitable features in Executive Branch decision-making.
Impact is nuclear war
Wright, 2003 ~Rusty, former associate speaker and writer with Probe Ministries, is an international lecturer, award-winning author, and journalist who has spoken on six continents. He holds Bachelor of Science (psychology) and Master of Theology degrees from Duke and Oxford universities, JFK and Groupthink: Lessons in Decision Making, http://www.probe.org/site/c.fdKEIMNsEoG/b.4221087/~~ /Wyo-MB A fascinating facet of Kennedy’s legacy involves the decision- making procedures he used among AND , and the ministry. One area it has affected is Christian television.
Judicial review solves groupthink
Chebab, 2012 ~Ahmad, Georgetown University Law Center, Retrieving the Role of Accountability in the Targeted Killings Context: A Proposal for Judicial Review, 3-30-12, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2031572~~ /Wyo-MB To check the vices of groupthink and shortcomings of human judgment, the psychology literature AND choices and evaluate available alternatives than when subject to little to no review.
Plan is key to effective drone use—solves blowback
Masood 13 (Hassan, Monmouth College, "Death from the Heavens: The Politics of the United States’ Drone Campaign in Pakistan’s Tribal Areas," 2013) /wyo-mm Those who support the use of drones as an important counter-insurgency tactic nonetheless AND within the TTP that the Pakistan Army was able to launch the South Waziristan ng said that whileOffensive, putting the TTP on the defensive. But the lower AND .S. drone strikes have killed more terrorists or produced more terrorists."
Global terror threat is high and attacks against the US are immanent
ETN, 9-26-13 ~E Turbo News Global Travel News Industry Reporting on information from the State department, US State Department issues worldwide travel warning, http://www.eturbonews.com/38306/us-state-department-issues-worldwide-travel-warning~~ /Wyo-MB The US State Department recently released a statement cautioning Americans traveling abroad of potential terror AND in Pakistan may be planning a new series of attacks against Western targets.
And Nuclear terrorism is feasible—-high risk of theft and attacks escalate
Vladimir Z. Dvorkin ’12 Major General (retired), doctor of technical sciences, professor, and senior fellow at the Center for International Security of the Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The Center participates in the working group of the U.S.-Russia Initiative to Prevent Nuclear Terrorism, 9/21/12, "What Can Destroy Strategic Stability: Nuclear Terrorism is a Real Threat," belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/publication/22333/what_can_destroy_strategic_stability.html Hundreds of scientific papers and reports have been published on nuclear terrorism. International conferences AND a common understanding of these threats and develop a strategy to combat them. the entire counterterrorist effort, or become a national obsession that creates needless terror.
Nuclear terrorism causes extinction
Morgan 9 Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yongin Campus – South Korea (Dennis, Futures, November, "World on fire: two scenarios of the destruction of human civilization and possible extinction of the human race," Science Direct), accessed 9-16-2011,WYO/JF In a remarkable website on nuclear war, Carol Moore asks the question "Is AND , to a life of unimaginable misery and suffering in a nuclear winter.
Drone Prolif
Drone Prolif Now
Zenko, 2013 ~Micah, Council of Foreign Relations, Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies, January 2013, Council Special Report No. 65, Online~ /Wyo-MB It is estimated that the number of states that have acquired a com- plete AND that there have been intentionally hidden advances toward states’ development of weaponized drones.
The US has a narrow window of opportunity to shape drone proliferation, only US reform based on transparency and restraint will solve
Zenko, 2013 ~Micah, Council of Foreign Relations, Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies, January 2013, Council Special Report No. 65, Online~ /Wyo-MB In short, a world characterized by the proliferation of armed drones—used with AND the future, the United States should undertake the following specific policy recommendations.
Establishing a precedent of transparency and accountability spills over globally– a non-executive framework is key
Brooks 13 (Rosa, Professor of Law – Georgetown University Law Center, Bernard L. Schwartz Senior Fellow – New America Foundation, Former Counselor to the Undersecretary of Defense for Policy – Department of Defense, "The Constitutional and Counterterrorism Implications of Targeted Killing," Testimony Before the Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on the Constitution, Civil Rights, and Human Rights, 4-23, http://www.judiciary.senate.gov/pdf/04-23-13BrooksTestimony.pdf-http://www.judiciary.senate.gov/pdf/04-23-13BrooksTestimony.pdf) 5. Setting Troubling International Precedents Here is an additional reason to worry about the AND them to justify the killing of dissidents, rivals, or unwanted minorities?
And, independent courts are key—only checks on unilateral executive power can provide legitimacy to the United States and credibility to our counterterror policies, finally, the selection process for drone courts solves all disads to judges
Chebab, 2012 ~Ahmad, Georgetown University Law Center, Retrieving the Role of Accountability in the Targeted Killings Context: A Proposal for Judicial Review, 3-30-12, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2031572~~ /Wyo-MB Rather, balancing the needs of security against the imperatives of liberty is a traditional AND reinstate American moral legitimacy in its use of force against global terrorism.114
The plan solves international norms- US can shape and limit drone prolif and provide the ability to apply diplomatic pressure
Zenko, 2013 ~Micah, Council of Foreign Relations, Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies, January 2013, Council Special Report No. 65, Online~ /Wyo-MB History shows that how states adopt and use new military capabilities is often influenced by AND should be informed by comparable efforts in the realms of cyber and space.
Unfettered drone prolif causes deterrence crises that leads to nuclear conflict
Boyle, 13 ~"The costs and consequences of drone warfare", MICHAEL J. BOYLE, International Affairs 89: 1 (2013) 1–29, assistant professor of political science at LaSalle University~ The emergence of this arms race for drones raises at least five long-term AND legal architecture which might avert some of the worst consequences of their use.
Glaser 12 Bonnie S., Senior Fellow – Center for Strategic and International Studies, "Armed Clash in the South China Sea," CFR, April, http://www.cfr.org/east-asia/armed-clash-south-china-sea/p27883 The risk of conflict in the South China Sea is significant. China, Taiwan AND intensifying bilateral strategic competition would likely make managing such a crisis more difficult.
Solvency
The creation of a federal counterterror oversight court solves all problems with the targeted killing program and all disads to judicial review
Plaw, 2007 ~Avery, Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Massachusetts at Dartmouth AND Academic OneFile. Web. 3 Oct. 2013~ /Wyo-MB This final section offers a briefcase that there is room for a principled compromise between AND that terrorist targetings carried out in the future are uniformly legitimate and effective.
Drones are inevitable—it’s only a question of using them in a way that is as ethically responsible as possible.
Moral absolutism suffers from tunnel vision that generates evil and political irrelevance
Issac ’02 (Jeffrey, poli sci prof at Indiana – Bloomington, dir Center for the Study of Democracy and Public life, PhD from Yale, Dissent Magazine, Vol. 49, Iss. 2, "Ends, Means, and Politics," p. Proquest) As writers such as Niccolo Machiavelli, Max Weber, Reinhold Niebuhr, and Hannah AND not true believers. It promotes arrogance. And it undermines political effectiveness.
And, Strict review of targeted killing operations is to maintain morality in war and undermine the video-game like effect of killing targets with drones
Guiora, 2012 ~Amos, Professor of Law, S.J. Quinney College of Law, University of Utah, Targeted killing: when proportionality gets all out of proportion, Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law. 45.1-2 (Fall 2012): p235., Academic onefile~ /Wyo-MB One of the dominant, and admittedly controversial, arguments this essay advances is that AND target, then decisions take on the hue of both illegality and immorality.
A risk of nuclear war precludes any deontological framework – uncertainty mandates that every policy decision must be able to guarantee the continued existence of the human race, and to ignore this possibility is in itself immoral and unjustified.
Schell, 2000 Schell, policy analyst and proliferation expert, 2000 (Jonathan, "The Fate of the Earth", p. 94-5) *This card has been gender-modified. To say that human extinction is a certainty would, of course, be a AND to withdraw the threat we now pose to the earth and to ourselves.
1/5/14
1AC Rd 3 UNT
Tournament: UNT | Round: 3 | Opponent: Texas HM | Judge: Scott Varda
1AC
Plan
The United States federal government should substantially increase statutory restrictions on the war powers authority of the President of the United States by establishing a federal counterterrorism oversight court with jurisdiction over targeted killing orders for robotic aerial vehicles.
Terror
Expansive use of targeted killing causes blowback, collateral damage, and operational errors— new guidelines key
Guiora, 2012 ~Amos, Professor of Law, S.J. Quinney College of Law, University of Utah, Targeted killing: when proportionality gets all out of proportion, Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law. 45.1-2 (Fall 2012): p235., Academic onefile~ /Wyo-MB Morality in armed conflict is not a mere mantra: it imposes significant demands on AND becomes a mantra that justifies all action, regardless of method or procedure.
Exclusive executive decision making in drone strikes makes groupthink and errors inevitable
Chebab, 2012 ~Ahmad, Georgetown University Law Center, Retrieving the Role of Accountability in the Targeted Killings Context: A Proposal for Judicial Review, 3-30-12, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2031572~~ /Wyo-MB The practical, pragmatic justification for the COAACC derives largely from considering¶ social psychological AND and other associated deficiencies are inevitable features in Executive Branch decision-making.
Impact is nuclear war
Wright, 2003 ~Rusty, former associate speaker and writer with Probe Ministries, is an international lecturer, award-winning author, and journalist who has spoken on six continents. He holds Bachelor of Science (psychology) and Master of Theology degrees from Duke and Oxford universities, JFK and Groupthink: Lessons in Decision Making, http://www.probe.org/site/c.fdKEIMNsEoG/b.4221087/~~ /Wyo-MB A fascinating facet of Kennedy’s legacy involves the decision- making procedures he used among AND , and the ministry. One area it has affected is Christian television.
Judicial review solves groupthink
Chebab, 2012 ~Ahmad, Georgetown University Law Center, Retrieving the Role of Accountability in the Targeted Killings Context: A Proposal for Judicial Review, 3-30-12, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2031572~~ /Wyo-MB To check the vices of groupthink and shortcomings of human judgment, the psychology literature AND choices and evaluate available alternatives than when subject to little to no review.
Plan is key to effective drone use—solves blowback
Masood 13 (Hassan, Monmouth College, "Death from the Heavens: The Politics of the United States’ Drone Campaign in Pakistan’s Tribal Areas," 2013) /wyo-mm Those who support the use of drones as an important counter-insurgency tactic nonetheless AND within the TTP that the Pakistan Army was able to launch the South Waziristan ng said that whileOffensive, putting the TTP on the defensive. But the lower AND .S. drone strikes have killed more terrorists or produced more terrorists."
Global terror threat is high and attacks against the US are immanent
ETN, 9-26-13 ~E Turbo News Global Travel News Industry Reporting on information from the State department, US State Department issues worldwide travel warning, http://www.eturbonews.com/38306/us-state-department-issues-worldwide-travel-warning~~ /Wyo-MB The US State Department recently released a statement cautioning Americans traveling abroad of potential terror AND in Pakistan may be planning a new series of attacks against Western targets.
And Nuclear terrorism is feasible—-high risk of theft and attacks escalate
Vladimir Z. Dvorkin ’12 Major General (retired), doctor of technical sciences, professor, and senior fellow at the Center for International Security of the Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The Center participates in the working group of the U.S.-Russia Initiative to Prevent Nuclear Terrorism, 9/21/12, "What Can Destroy Strategic Stability: Nuclear Terrorism is a Real Threat," belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/publication/22333/what_can_destroy_strategic_stability.html Hundreds of scientific papers and reports have been published on nuclear terrorism. International conferences AND a common understanding of these threats and develop a strategy to combat them. the entire counterterrorist effort, or become a national obsession that creates needless terror.
Nuclear terrorism causes extinction
Morgan 9 Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yongin Campus – South Korea (Dennis, Futures, November, "World on fire: two scenarios of the destruction of human civilization and possible extinction of the human race," Science Direct), accessed 9-16-2011,WYO/JF In a remarkable website on nuclear war, Carol Moore asks the question "Is AND , to a life of unimaginable misery and suffering in a nuclear winter.
Drone Prolif
Drone Prolif Now
Zenko, 2013 ~Micah, Council of Foreign Relations, Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies, January 2013, Council Special Report No. 65, Online~ /Wyo-MB It is estimated that the number of states that have acquired a com- plete AND that there have been intentionally hidden advances toward states’ development of weaponized drones.
The US has a narrow window of opportunity to shape drone proliferation, only US reform based on transparency and restraint will solve
Zenko, 2013 ~Micah, Council of Foreign Relations, Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies, January 2013, Council Special Report No. 65, Online~ /Wyo-MB In short, a world characterized by the proliferation of armed drones—used with AND the future, the United States should undertake the following specific policy recommendations.
Establishing a precedent of transparency and accountability spills over globally– a non-executive framework is key
Brooks 13 (Rosa, Professor of Law – Georgetown University Law Center, Bernard L. Schwartz Senior Fellow – New America Foundation, Former Counselor to the Undersecretary of Defense for Policy – Department of Defense, "The Constitutional and Counterterrorism Implications of Targeted Killing," Testimony Before the Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on the Constitution, Civil Rights, and Human Rights, 4-23, http://www.judiciary.senate.gov/pdf/04-23-13BrooksTestimony.pdf-http://www.judiciary.senate.gov/pdf/04-23-13BrooksTestimony.pdf) 5. Setting Troubling International Precedents Here is an additional reason to worry about the AND them to justify the killing of dissidents, rivals, or unwanted minorities?
And, independent courts are key—only checks on unilateral executive power can provide legitimacy to the United States and credibility to our counterterror policies, finally, the selection process for drone courts solves all disads to judges
Chebab, 2012 ~Ahmad, Georgetown University Law Center, Retrieving the Role of Accountability in the Targeted Killings Context: A Proposal for Judicial Review, 3-30-12, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2031572~~ /Wyo-MB Rather, balancing the needs of security against the imperatives of liberty is a traditional AND reinstate American moral legitimacy in its use of force against global terrorism.114
The plan solves international norms- US can shape and limit drone prolif and provide the ability to apply diplomatic pressure
Zenko, 2013 ~Micah, Council of Foreign Relations, Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies, January 2013, Council Special Report No. 65, Online~ /Wyo-MB History shows that how states adopt and use new military capabilities is often influenced by AND should be informed by comparable efforts in the realms of cyber and space.
Unfettered drone prolif causes deterrence crises that leads to nuclear conflict
Boyle, 13 ~"The costs and consequences of drone warfare", MICHAEL J. BOYLE, International Affairs 89: 1 (2013) 1–29, assistant professor of political science at LaSalle University~ The emergence of this arms race for drones raises at least five long-term AND legal architecture which might avert some of the worst consequences of their use.
Glaser 12 Bonnie S., Senior Fellow – Center for Strategic and International Studies, "Armed Clash in the South China Sea," CFR, April, http://www.cfr.org/east-asia/armed-clash-south-china-sea/p27883 The risk of conflict in the South China Sea is significant. China, Taiwan AND intensifying bilateral strategic competition would likely make managing such a crisis more difficult.
Solvency
The creation of a federal counterterror oversight court solves all problems with the targeted killing program and all disads to judicial review
Plaw, 2007 ~Avery, Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Massachusetts at Dartmouth AND Academic OneFile. Web. 3 Oct. 2013~ /Wyo-MB This final section offers a briefcase that there is room for a principled compromise between AND that terrorist targetings carried out in the future are uniformly legitimate and effective.
A risk of nuclear war precludes any deontological framework – uncertainty mandates that every policy decision must be able to guarantee the continued existence and to ignore this possibility is in itself immoral and unjustified.
Schell, 2k Schell, policy analyst and proliferation expert, 2000 (Jonathan, "The Fate of the Earth", p. 94-5) *This card has been gender-modified. To say that human extinction is a certainty would, of course, be a AND to withdraw the threat we now pose to the earth and to ourselves. Even if predictions are not perfect we should use foresight to take action to prevent crisis Kurasawa, 2004 ~Fuyuki, Professor of Sociology at York University, "Cautionary Tales: The Global Culture of Prevention and the Work of Foresight." 2004, Constellations, Vol. 11, No. 4~ When engaging in the labor of preventive foresight, the first obstacle that one is AND anticipate and prepare for possible and avoidable sources of harm to our successors.
Moral absolutism precludes moral responsibility. That generates evil and political irrelevance
Issac ’02 (Jeffrey, poli sci prof at Indiana – Bloomington, dir Center for the Study of Democracy and Public life, PhD from Yale, Dissent Magazine, Vol. 49, Iss. 2, "Ends, Means, and Politics," p. Proquest) As writers such as Niccolo Machiavelli, Max Weber, Reinhold Niebuhr, and Hannah AND not true believers. It promotes arrogance. And it undermines political effectiveness.
1/9/14
1AC UTD
Tournament: UTD | Round: 2 | Opponent: SamfordIndiana CM | Judge: Brian Box
1AC
Plan
The United States federal government should substantially increase statutory restrictions on the war powers authority of the President of the United States by establishing a federal counterterrorism oversight court with jurisdiction over targeted killing orders for robotic aerial vehicles.
Terror
Expansive use of targeted killing causes blowback, collateral damage, and operational errors— new guidelines key
Guiora, 2012 ~Amos, Professor of Law, S.J. Quinney College of Law, University of Utah, Targeted killing: when proportionality gets all out of proportion, Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law. 45.1-2 (Fall 2012): p235., Academic onefile~ /Wyo-MB Morality in armed conflict is not a mere mantra: it imposes significant demands on AND becomes a mantra that justifies all action, regardless of method or procedure.
Exclusive executive decision making in drone strikes makes groupthink and errors inevitable
Chebab, 2012 ~Ahmad, Georgetown University Law Center, Retrieving the Role of Accountability in the Targeted Killings Context: A Proposal for Judicial Review, 3-30-12, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2031572~~ /Wyo-MB The practical, pragmatic justification for the COAACC derives largely from considering¶ social psychological AND and other associated deficiencies are inevitable features in Executive Branch decision-making.
Impact is nuclear war
Wright, 2003 ~Rusty, former associate speaker and writer with Probe Ministries, is an international lecturer, award-winning author, and journalist who has spoken on six continents. He holds Bachelor of Science (psychology) and Master of Theology degrees from Duke and Oxford universities, JFK and Groupthink: Lessons in Decision Making, http://www.probe.org/site/c.fdKEIMNsEoG/b.4221087/~~ /Wyo-MB A fascinating facet of Kennedy’s legacy involves the decision- making procedures he used among AND , and the ministry. One area it has affected is Christian television.
Judicial review solves groupthink
Chebab, 2012 ~Ahmad, Georgetown University Law Center, Retrieving the Role of Accountability in the Targeted Killings Context: A Proposal for Judicial Review, 3-30-12, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2031572~~ /Wyo-MB To check the vices of groupthink and shortcomings of human judgment, the psychology literature AND choices and evaluate available alternatives than when subject to little to no review.
Plan is key to effective drone use—solves blowback
Masood 13 (Hassan, Monmouth College, "Death from the Heavens: The Politics of the United States’ Drone Campaign in Pakistan’s Tribal Areas," 2013) /wyo-mm Those who support the use of drones as an important counter-insurgency tactic nonetheless AND within the TTP that the Pakistan Army was able to launch the South Waziristan ng said that whileOffensive, putting the TTP on the defensive. But the lower AND .S. drone strikes have killed more terrorists or produced more terrorists."
Global terror threat is high and attacks against the US are immanent
ETN, 9-26-13 ~E Turbo News Global Travel News Industry Reporting on information from the State department, US State Department issues worldwide travel warning, http://www.eturbonews.com/38306/us-state-department-issues-worldwide-travel-warning~~ /Wyo-MB The US State Department recently released a statement cautioning Americans traveling abroad of potential terror AND in Pakistan may be planning a new series of attacks against Western targets.
And Nuclear terrorism is feasible—-high risk of theft and attacks escalate
Vladimir Z. Dvorkin ’12 Major General (retired), doctor of technical sciences, professor, and senior fellow at the Center for International Security of the Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The Center participates in the working group of the U.S.-Russia Initiative to Prevent Nuclear Terrorism, 9/21/12, "What Can Destroy Strategic Stability: Nuclear Terrorism is a Real Threat," belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/publication/22333/what_can_destroy_strategic_stability.html Hundreds of scientific papers and reports have been published on nuclear terrorism. International conferences AND a common understanding of these threats and develop a strategy to combat them. the entire counterterrorist effort, or become a national obsession that creates needless terror.
Nuclear terrorism causes extinction
Morgan 9 Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yongin Campus – South Korea (Dennis, Futures, November, "World on fire: two scenarios of the destruction of human civilization and possible extinction of the human race," Science Direct), accessed 9-16-2011,WYO/JF In a remarkable website on nuclear war, Carol Moore asks the question "Is AND , to a life of unimaginable misery and suffering in a nuclear winter.
Ochs 2002 (Richard; Naturalist – Grand Teton National Park with a Masters in Natural Resource Management from Rutgers) "Biological Weapons must be abolished immediately" 6/9 www.freefromterror.net/other_articles/abolish.html Of all the weapons of mass destruction, the genetically engineered biological weapons, AND Can we imagine hundreds of such plagues? HUMAN EXTINCTION IS NOW POSSIBLE.
Newest developments take out all impact defense
Jordans, 2011 ~Frank, Associated Press, 12-7-11, Clinton warns of bioweapon threat from gene tech, http://www.nbcnews.com/id/45584359/ns/~~23.UkkMV2T72Ik~~ /Wyo-MB GENEVA — New gene assembly technology that offers great benefits for scientific research could also AND nuclear weapons — saying it is too complicated to monitor every lab’s activities.
Drone Prolif
Drone Prolif Now
Zenko, 2013 ~Micah, Council of Foreign Relations, Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies, January 2013, Council Special Report No. 65, Online~ /Wyo-MB It is estimated that the number of states that have acquired a com- plete AND that there have been intentionally hidden advances toward states’ development of weaponized drones.
The US has a narrow window of opportunity to shape drone proliferation, only US reform based on transparency and restraint will solve
Zenko, 2013 ~Micah, Council of Foreign Relations, Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies, January 2013, Council Special Report No. 65, Online~ /Wyo-MB In short, a world characterized by the proliferation of armed drones—used with AND the future, the United States should undertake the following specific policy recommendations.
Establishing a precedent of transparency and accountability spills over globally– a non-executive framework is key
Brooks 13 (Rosa, Professor of Law – Georgetown University Law Center, Bernard L. Schwartz Senior Fellow – New America Foundation, Former Counselor to the Undersecretary of Defense for Policy – Department of Defense, "The Constitutional and Counterterrorism Implications of Targeted Killing," Testimony Before the Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on the Constitution, Civil Rights, and Human Rights, 4-23, http://www.judiciary.senate.gov/pdf/04-23-13BrooksTestimony.pdf-http://www.judiciary.senate.gov/pdf/04-23-13BrooksTestimony.pdf) 5. Setting Troubling International Precedents Here is an additional reason to worry about the AND them to justify the killing of dissidents, rivals, or unwanted minorities?
And, independent courts are key—only checks on unilateral executive power can provide legitimacy to the United States and credibility to our counterterror policies, finally, the selection process for drone courts solves all disads to judges
Chebab, 2012 ~Ahmad, Georgetown University Law Center, Retrieving the Role of Accountability in the Targeted Killings Context: A Proposal for Judicial Review, 3-30-12, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2031572~~ /Wyo-MB Rather, balancing the needs of security against the imperatives of liberty is a traditional AND reinstate American moral legitimacy in its use of force against global terrorism.114
The plan solves international norms- US can shape and limit drone prolif and provide the ability to apply diplomatic pressure
Zenko, 2013 ~Micah, Council of Foreign Relations, Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies, January 2013, Council Special Report No. 65, Online~ /Wyo-MB History shows that how states adopt and use new military capabilities is often influenced by AND should be informed by comparable efforts in the realms of cyber and space.
Unfettered drone prolif causes deterrence crises that leads to nuclear conflict
Boyle, 13 ~"The costs and consequences of drone warfare", MICHAEL J. BOYLE, International Affairs 89: 1 (2013) 1–29, assistant professor of political science at LaSalle University~ The emergence of this arms race for drones raises at least five long-term AND legal architecture which might avert some of the worst consequences of their use.
Glaser 12 Bonnie S., Senior Fellow – Center for Strategic and International Studies, "Armed Clash in the South China Sea," CFR, April, http://www.cfr.org/east-asia/armed-clash-south-china-sea/p27883 The risk of conflict in the South China Sea is significant. China, Taiwan AND intensifying bilateral strategic competition would likely make managing such a crisis more difficult.
Senkaku Conflict goes nuclear
John Blaxland 13, Senior Fellow at the Strategic and Defence Studies Centre, the Australian National University, and Rikki Kersten, Professor of modern Japanese political history in the School of International, Political and Strategic Studies at the College of Asia and the Pacific, the Australian National University, 2/13/13, "Escalating territorial tension in East Asia echoes Europe’s descent into world war," http://www.eastasiaforum.org/2013/02/13/escalating-territorial-tension-in-east-asia-echoes-europes-descent-into-world-war/ The recent activation of Chinese weapons radars aimed at Japanese military platforms around the Senkaku AND that the outcome of wars is rarely as proponents conceived at the outset.
Solvency
The creation of a federal counterterror oversight court solves all problems with the targeted killing program and all disads to judicial review
Plaw, 2007 ~Avery, Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Massachusetts at Dartmouth AND Academic OneFile. Web. 3 Oct. 2013~ /Wyo-MB This final section offers a briefcase that there is room for a principled compromise between AND that terrorist targetings carried out in the future are uniformly legitimate and effective.
1/5/14
2AC AT Anthro
Tournament: UNT | Round: 3 | Opponent: Texas HM | Judge: Scott Varda
And, Humans come first
Machan, 2 Tibor R. Machan (Leatherby Center for Bus. Ethics, Argyros School of Bus. 26 Econ., Chapman Univ. AND Hoover Institution) 2002 ~"Why Human Beings May Use Animals" Journal of Value Inquiry; 2002; 36, 1; ABI/INFORM Global pg. 9, loghry~ One reason for the propriety of our use of animals is that we, as AND regards the good and bad, right and wrong things they can do.
1. Humans are the ones doing it- means they don’t get rid of the human benchmark the alt rejects
2. They presuppose a human benchmark, makes human centeredness inevitable and reinforces the dominant value of the human- Hayward 97 ~PhD, Department of Politics at Edinburgh University, "Anthropocentrism: a Misunderstood Problem", Environmental Values, p. aspwyo-tjc~ But if the project of overcoming speciesism can be pursued with some expectation of success AND , I believe, be committed in any attempt to expunge anthropocentrism altogether.
1/9/14
2AC AT Anthro K
Tournament: CEDA | Round: 3 | Opponent: Sacramento State GM | Judge: Alex Zendeh
No link—aff doesn’t elevate humanness over other forms of existence, we preserve necessary preconditions for all existence.
And, failure to interrogate human relationships first ensures that we cause war that turns the environment- means we’re a pre-req to the K
Duncan Clark 9, editorial environmental consultant to the London Guardian, co-director of GreenProfile, January 2, 2009, "The carbon footprint of nuclear war," online: http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/blog/2009/jan/02/nuclear-war-emissions Almost 700m ~million~ tonnes of CO2 would be released into the Earth’s atmosphere AND the potential future risks of mortality and carbon emissions when comparing energy sources."
Abandoning human exceptionalism doesn’t elevate the other, but simply reduces humans to the status of non-persons—this justifies worse atrocities against humans and continued atrocities against animals.
Henriques, 2013 ~Gregg, Professor of Psychology at James Madison University, On Human Exceptionalism, http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/theory-knowledge/201301/human-exceptionalism~~ /Wyo-MB According to this framework, organisms are unique kinds objects, animals are unique kinds AND , HE is ultimately justified by the fact that humans alone can justify.
Considerations for any ethical system for animals presuppose a human benchmark—either human centric value is inevitable and they don’t solve or their k relies on an anthropocentric method of assertion without warrant.
Hayward 97 ~PhD, Department of Politics at Edinburgh University, "Anthropocentrism: a Misunderstood Problem", Environmental Values, p. aspwyo-tjc~ But if the project of overcoming speciesism can be pursued with some expectation of success AND , I believe, be committed in any attempt to expunge anthropocentrism altogether.
3/22/14
2AC AT Detention Shift DA
Tournament: CEDA | Round: 3 | Opponent: Sacramento State GM | Judge: Alex Zendeh
Decreasing drones doesn’t increase detention
Spetalnick, 2013 Obama shifts U.S. from ’perpetual war-footing,’ limits drone strikes BY MATT SPETALNICK AND ROBERTA RAMPTON WASHINGTON Thu May 23, 2013 7:35pm EDT http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/05/23/us-usa-obama-speech-idUSBRE94M04Y20130523 (Reuters) - President Barack Obama on Thursday shifted the United States away from AND .S. counterterrorism fight that have drawn condemnation at home and abroad.
U.S.-European relations are strong now, resilient, and the problems described in their impacts are being solved now.
Charles Kupchan 08 Senior Fellow for Europe Studies, Council on Foreign Relations, March, "The Transatlantic Turnaround" http://www.cfr.org/publication/15622
The Atlantic alliance has made a remarkable recovery over the course of President George W AND , and others associated with a more pragmatic and centrist brand of internationalism.
3/21/14
2AC AT Exec CP w Flex Net Ben
Tournament: CEDA | Round: 3 | Opponent: Sacramento State GM | Judge: Alex Zendeh
CP
6th- Object fiat is a voter – avoids the core question of pres powers by fiating away obama’s behavior in the squo – justifies the end war cp which means the neg wins every debate – it’s not in the lit which is key
Any checks on the President’s use of drone attacks must come domestically. In the domestic arena the two options are either the courts or Congress. As discussed above, the courts are institutionally unsuited and incapable of providing appropriate oversight. Congress is the branch with the constitutional authority, historical precedent, and institutional capacity to exercise meaningful and effective oversight of the President’s actions.
Nather and Palmer, 9-1-13 ~David and Anna, Politico, Bushies fear Obama weakening presidency, http://www.politico.com/story/2013/09/bushies-fear-obama-weakening-presidency-96143.html~~ /Wyo-MB President Barack Obama just turned decades of debate over presidential war powers on its head AND alums — are beside themselves, arguing that Obama has weakened the presidency.
4th, Judicial review on targeted killing doesn’t spillover to other restrictions on military force
Brooks, prof of Law @ Georgetown, 13 (Rosa, Senior Fellow at the New America Foundation, "The Constitutional and Counterterrorism Implications of Targeted Killing", Testimony Before the Senate, April 23, 2013, http://www.judiciary.senate.gov/pdf/04-23-13BrooksTestimony.pdf)
It is also worth noting that the practical concerns militating against justiciability in the context AND whether an individual may lawfully be targeted are generally made well in advance.
6th, We solve the Impact- specialized courts are fast- wouldn’t compromise operations
Somin, 13 ~April 23rd, HEARING ON "DRONE WARS: THE CONSTITUTIONAL AND COUNTERTERRORISM IMPLICATIONS OF TARGETED KILLING" TESTIMONY BEFORE THE UNITED STATES SENATE JUDICIARY SUBCOMMITTEE ON THE CONSTITUTION, CIVIL RIGHTS, AND HUMAN RIGHTS April 23, 2013, Illya, Professor of Law~ B. Possible Institutional Safeguards. One partial solution to the problem of target selection AND difficult than a court that only covers relatively rare cases directed at Americans.
3/21/14
2AC AT Nietzsche
Tournament: CEDA | Round: 1 | Opponent: San Francisco State GL | Judge: Husse Dabiri
And, Attempting to change the world is crucial to celebrating life. Refusing to try denies our own lives while condemning others to unnecessary suffering*
Todd May, prof @ Clemson. "To change the world, to celebrate life," Philosophy 26 Social Criticism 2005 Vol 31 nos 5–6 pp. 517–531 To change the world and to celebrate life. This, as the theologian Harvey AND who would be more than willing to take your world up for you.
And it’s morally reprehensible for two US college students to argue about embracing suffering when their lives aren’t being destroyed by drone strikes- prioritizing your lives over others is the worst- Lillehammer, 2011 ~Hallvard, Faculty of Philosophy Cambridge University, "Consequentialism and global ethics." Forthcoming in M. Boylan, Ed., Global Morality and Justice: A Reader, Westview Press, Online, http://www.phil.cam.ac.uk/teaching_staff/lillehammer/Consequentialism_and_Global_Ethics-1-2.pdf-http://www.phil.cam.ac.uk/teaching_staff/lillehammer/Consequentialism_and_Global_Ethics-1-2.pdf~~ /Wyo-MB Contemporary discussions of consequentialism and global ethics have been marked by a focus on examples AND , therefore, you will have to show what is wrong with those principles
Trying to stop suffering is good – it affirms life and allows people the choice of how they want to find meaning in life Smolkin 89 (Mitchell Smolkin. Understanding Pain, 1989 p75-79) For Camus, the absurdity of the human condition consists in the incongruity between what AND rats again and send them forth to die in a happy city."76
The possibility of extinction means we can no longer afford to be complicit with inevitable suffering – an affirmation of life must affirm existence first
Connolly 02 (William, Professor of Political Science at John Hopkins University, "Identity/Difference: Democratic Negotiations of Political Paradox" p 186-187) Zarathustra says: "The most concerned ask today, ’How is man to be AND resent-ment and an affirmation of life that rises above this tendency.
Nietzsche is wrong, suffering isn’t an inevitable part of life. We should embrace compassion- best way to find value to life.
Van Hooft 98 (Stan Van Hooft, Associate Professor of International and Political Studies Deakin University, "The Meanings of Suffering,", The Hastings Center Report, Vol. 28, No.5, Sep/Oct., 1998 UWYO KB) The reason that Nietzsche’s view AND that it teaches us to care for others.
"No value to life" doesn’t outweigh—-prioritize existence because value is subjective
Torbjörn Tännsjö 11, the Kristian Claëson Professor of Practical Philosophy at Stockholm University, 2011, "Shalt Thou Sometimes Murder? On the Ethics of Killing," online: http://people.su.se/~~jolso/HS-texter/shaltthou.pdf I suppose it is correct to say that, if Schopenhauer is right, if AND suffering (in their lives) than I avoid (in my life).
You should evaluate ALL epistemology claims through the lens of specificity—Drawing inferences from empirical reality is possible EVEN IF there is no possibility for pure certainty.
Wight 7 ~Colin, Department of Politics, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, The University of Exeter, Journal of International Relations and Development, "Inside the epistemological cave all bets are off", p. aspwyo-tjc~ Kratochwil’s attempt to push beyond the epistemological wars by remaining inside the epistemological cave is AND exists or can, in all cases, stop an object from existing.
3/21/14
2AC AT PTX
Tournament: UTD | Round: 2 | Opponent: SamfordIndiana CM | Judge: Brian Box There is now way immigration reform passes-too much tea party opposition and Boehner fails
Haraldsson 1-2 (Hrafnkell Haraldsson, a social liberal with leanings toward centrist politics has degrees in history and philosophy. "Don’t Expect 2014 to Bring Any Meaningful Change in Immigration Reform" 1-2-14 http://www.politicususa.com/2014/01/02/expect-2014-bring-meaningful-change-immigration-reform.html//wyoccd) If you are taking stock on the year that just past 2013 left something to AND that a change, let alone meaningful change? It’s not even news.
1st, Debates on drone courts now—legislation being written and proposed—thumps the disad
2nd, Link turn drone courts popular in congress—particularly with Feinstein and King
Hosenball, 2-8-2013 ~Mark, Reuters news service, Support grows for U.S. "drone court" to review lethal strikes, http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/02/09/us-usa-drones-idUSBRE91800B20130209~~ /Wyo-MB During a fresh round of debate this week over President Barack Obama’s claim that he AND least that would be ... some check on the activities of the executive."
Feinstein key to agenda- can wrangle in both parties
US influence in Latin America resilient and inevitable
Frank O. Mora ’13, PhD in international affairs, Director of the Latin American and Caribbean Center and Professor of international relations at FSU AND Patrick Duddy, an American diplomat, formerly United States Ambassador to Venezuela, 5/1/13, "Latin America: Is U.S. influence waning?," http://www.miamiherald.com/2013/05/01/3375160/latin-america-is-us-influence.html~~23storylink=cpy Is U.S. influence in Latin America on the wane? It depends AND . influence in ways that are difficult to measure and impossible to quantify.
1/5/14
2AC AT Risk
Tournament: UNT | Round: 3 | Opponent: Texas HM | Judge: Scott Varda There is a fundamental difference between scenario planning and predictions – the aff engages in the former and preserves individual agency while helping us to
Steven Bernstein et al., "God Gave Physics the Easy Problems: Adapting Social Science to an Unpredictable World," EJIR, 6, 43, 2000, p. 53-55 One useful alternative approach is the development of scenarios, or narratives with plot lines AND or selecting the story that was from the stories that might have been.
The Aff isn’t short-termism, it’s risk management—-the inherent unpredictability of social events is all the more reason for creating optimal resiliency through scenario planning
Cochrane 11 John H. Cochrane is a Professor of finance at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business and a contributor to Business Class "IN DEFENSE OF THE HEDGEHOGS" July 15 www.cato-unbound.org/2011/07/15/john-h-cochrane/in-defense-of-the-hedgehogs/ Risk Management Rather than Forecast-and-Plan The answer is to change the AND contingency plans, both personal and public policies might be a lot better.
You should evaluate ALL epistemology claims through the lens of specificity— our chains are valid until individually debunked
Wight 7 ~Colin, Department of Politics, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, The University of Exeter, Journal of International Relations and Development, "Inside the epistemological cave all bets are off", p. aspwyo-tjc~ Kratochwil’s attempt to push beyond the epistemological wars by remaining inside the epistemological cave is AND exists or can, in all cases, stop an object from existing.
Predictions based on existential magnitude must be considered, there is no coming back from it, and there have been no previous examples to base predictions off of, and waiting to be reactive to situations is worse
Bostrom, 02 Nick Bostrom, Professor, Faculty of Philosophy, Oxford University-http://www.nickbostrom.com/existential/risks.htmlwww.nickbostrom.com-http://www.nickbostrom.com/ ~Published in the Journal of Evolution and Technology, Vol. 9, No. 1 (2002). (First version: 2001)~, accessed 1/16/13,WYO/JF Existential risks are distinct from global endurable risks. Examples of the latter kind include AND a sober look at what could go wrong so we can create responsible.
1/9/14
2AC AT Risk K
Tournament: CEDA | Round: 5 | Opponent: Texas JS | Judge: Jared Anderson There is a fundamental difference between scenario planning and predictions – the aff engages in the former and preserves individual agency while helping us to avert potential catastrophe.
Steven Bernstein et al., "God Gave Physics the Easy Problems: Adapting Social Science to an Unpredictable World," EJIR, 6, 43, 2000, p. 53-55 One useful alternative approach is the development of scenarios, or narratives with plot lines AND or selecting the story that was from the stories that might have been.
You should evaluate ALL epistemology claims through the lens of specificity— our chains are valid until individually debunked
Wight 7 ~Colin, Department of Politics, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, The University of Exeter, Journal of International Relations and Development, "Inside the epistemological cave all bets are off", p. aspwyo-tjc~ Kratochwil’s attempt to push beyond the epistemological wars by remaining inside the epistemological cave is AND exists or can, in all cases, stop an object from existing.
3/22/14
2AC AT Warfighting DA
Tournament: UTD | Round: 2 | Opponent: SamfordIndiana CM | Judge: Brian Box
Nather and Palmer, 9-1-13 ~David and Anna, Politico, Bushies fear Obama weakening presidency, http://www.politico.com/story/2013/09/bushies-fear-obama-weakening-presidency-96143.html~~ /Wyo-MB President Barack Obama just turned decades of debate over presidential war powers on its head AND alums — are beside themselves, arguing that Obama has weakened the presidency.
2nd, exceptions solve the link- extend Plaw- Obama could make exceptions in emergencies and have ex-post review
3rd, Restrictions inevitable—-only a question of whether they are deliberate or haphazard
Benjamin Wittes 9, senior fellow and research director in public law at the Brookings Institution, is the author of Law and the Long War: The Future of Justice in the Age of Terror and is also a member of the Hoover Institution’s Task Force on National Security and Law, "Legislating the War on Terror: An Agenda for Reform", November 3, Book, p. 17 A new administration now confronts the same hard problems that plagued its ideologically opposite predecessor AND past several years and will likely continue sparring over the next several years.
4th, Link Turn—extend Chebab, plan bolsters executive action — Obama’s vindicated when he has backing and support of courts, plan results in more decisive executive actions – Plaw impacts this—undermines opposition and key to long term effectiveness
Congressional authorization vindicates Presidential decisions and enables him to act faster
Cronogue 12 (Graham Cronogue, JD from Duke University School of Law, 2012, "A New AUMF: Defining Combatants in the War on Terror," Duke Journal of Comparative and International Law, http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=129426context=djcil) Though the President’s inherent authority to act in times of emergency and war can arguably AND to understand the extent of his authority will enable him to act quickly,
5th, Judicial review on targeted killing doesn’t spillover to other restrictions on military force
Brooks, prof of Law @ Georgetown, 13 (Rosa, Senior Fellow at the New America Foundation, "The Constitutional and Counterterrorism Implications of Targeted Killing", Testimony Before the Senate, April 23, 2013, http://www.judiciary.senate.gov/pdf/04-23-13BrooksTestimony.pdf)
It is also worth noting that the practical concerns militating against justiciability in the context AND whether an individual may lawfully be targeted are generally made well in advance.
5th, Political power is not zero sum—no trade off
Read, 3-1-12 ~James, College of Saint Benedict/Saint John’s University, jread@csbsju.edu, Is Power Zero-Sum or Variable-Sum? Old Arguments and New Beginnings, Political Science Faculty Publications.Paper 4, http://digitalcommons.csbsju.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=100426context=polsci_pubs~~ /Wyo-MB The specific question with which this essay is concerned is whether power – and ¶ AND – as the zero-sum view (see Read 2009a; 2010).
6th, We solve the Impact- specialized courts are fast- wouldn’t compromise operations
Somin, 13 ~April 23rd, HEARING ON "DRONE WARS: THE CONSTITUTIONAL AND COUNTERTERRORISM IMPLICATIONS OF TARGETED KILLING" TESTIMONY BEFORE THE UNITED STATES SENATE JUDICIARY SUBCOMMITTEE ON THE CONSTITUTION, CIVIL RIGHTS, AND HUMAN RIGHTS April 23, 2013, Illya, Professor of Law~ B. Possible Institutional Safeguards. One partial solution to the problem of target selection AND difficult than a court that only covers relatively rare cases directed at Americans.
1/5/14
2AC v AfroPessimism
Tournament: UTD | Round: 6 | Opponent: Texas-Austin CM | Judge: A Morgan
standing in solidarity with other oppressed groups is key to forge coalitions beyond the field of marginalization.
Ahmad 11 (Muneer, Race/Ethnicity: Multidisciplinary Global Contexts, "Homeland Insecurities: Racial Violence the Day after September 11," Summer 2011, Project Muse) /Wyo-MM Arab, Muslim, and South Asian communities bear a special responsibility in this moment AND , and begin to imagine a shared citizenship outside the bounds of subordination.
And, Racism not the root cause of all violence Mertus 99 (Professor Julie Mertus is the co-director of Ethics, Peace and Global Affairs. She has written widely on human rights and gender, conflict, the Balkans, U.S. foreign policy and U.N. institutions. She is the author or editor of ten books, including Bait and Switch: Human Rights and U.S. Foreign Policy, named "human rights book of the year" by the American Political Science Association) and, most recently Human Rights Matters: Local Politics and National Human Rights Institutions and The United Nations and Human Rights. Before entering academia, she worked as a researcher, writer and lawyer for several human rights and humanitarian organizations., J.D., Yale Law School; B.S. Cornell University, International Council on Human Rights Policy, "THE ROLE OF RACISM AS A CAUSE OF OR FACTOR IN WARS AND CIVIL CONFLICT", http://www.ichrp.org/files/papers/167/112_-_The_Role_of_Racism_as_a_Cause_of_or_Factor_in_Wars_and_Civil_Conflict_Mertus__Julie__1999.pdf) This paper examines the role of racism as a cause of or factor in wars AND as a method of gaining power and, when necessary, waging war.
Alt can’t solve, focusing on blackness leads to understanding, but has no possibility of liberation
Wilderson offers no alternative to ontological death, it is impossible to be solved for because you can’t directly engage it.
Maty Ba, 11 SAE?R MATY BA?, teaches film at Portsmouth University, September 2011 "The US Decentred: From Black Social Death to Cultural Transformation" book review of Red, Black 26 White: Cinema and the Structure of US Antagonisms and Mama Africa: Reinventing Blackness in Bahia, Cultural Studies Review volume 17 number 2 http://epress.lib.uts.edu.au/journals/index.php/csrj/index pp. 381–91 ,WYO/JF Red, White and Black is particularly undermined by Wilderson’s propensity for exaggeration and blinkeredness AND ? The coffle approaches with its answers in tow.’ (340)
Afro pessimism is flawed, and has been largely discredited- long term trajectory is impossible to predict
Their use of ontological blackness creates reliance on white superiority and erases individuality – ontological blackness opposes itself to whiteness, affirming white superiority by grounding blackness in suffering and the experience of anti-blackness – that reduces all experience to negative experience of racial constitution, which crushes individuality and causes social death
Pinn 97 (Anthony, Agnes Cullen Arnold Professor of Humanities and Professor of Religious Studies at Rice University whose work focuses on black liberation theology, African-American religion, and African-American humanism, Review of "Beyond Ontological Blackness: An Essay on African American Religious and Cultural Criticism by Victor Anderson", African American Review, Vol. 31, No. 2 (Summer, 1997), pp. 320-323) In chapter one Anderson defines religious criticism, cultural criticism, and other terms that AND suffocate. How does one maintain this balance? Anderson looks to Nietzsche.
First, Our Interpretation: The resolution asks the question of desirability of USFG action. The Role of ballot is to say yes or no to the action and outcomes of the plan.
Second, is reasons to prefer:
A. Aff Choice, any other framework or role of the ballot moots 9 minutes of the 1ac
B. It is predictable, the resolution demands USFG action
C. It is fair, Weigh Aff Impacts and the method of the Affirmative versus the Kritik, it’s the only way to test competition and determine the desirability of one strategy over another
Engaging the state is critical to the ability of citizens to break into the project of solving global challenges: Engagement relies on an existing internationalist state and refocuses its energies through citizen participation in national institutions that solve for war as well as environmental and social challenges
Sassen 2009 ~ColumbiaUniversity, istheauthorof TheGlobalCity (2ndedn, Princeton, 2001), Territory, Authority, Rights: From Medieval to Global Assemblages (Princeton, 2008) and A Sociology of Globalisation (Norton,2007), among others, 2009, The Potential for a Progressive State?, uwyoamp~
Using state power for a new global politics These post-1980s trends towards a AND the willing focused not on war but on environmental and social justice projects.
Finally, It is a voter for competitive equity—prefer our interpretation, it allows both teams to compete, other roles of the ballot are arbitrary and self serving
Kritik
1. NO LINK – THEIR EVIDENCE IS DESCRIPTIVE OF PEOPLE WHO ARE OBSESSED WITH DEATH in the past AND NOT ADVOCACY OF POLICIES THAT ACTUALLY PREVENT future VIOLENCE, LIKE THE 1AC
2. NOT COMPETITIVE – THE 1AC DOESN’T ARGUE, ON FACE, THAT DEATH IS A BAD THING. THEY ASSUMED THAT FOR THEMSELVES, WHICH PROVES THAT FEAR OF DEATH IS INEVITABLE
3. GOOD FEAR OF DEATH IS DISTINCT FROM IRRATIONAL FEAR – IT ALLOWS US TO REDUCE DANGER, LIVE ETHICALLY, AND PREPARE FOR A PEACEFUL DEATH ON OUR OWN TERMS
Gyatso 2003 ~Geshe Kelsang, fully accomplished meditation master, internationally renowned spiritual teacher who can show us from his experience how to begin our spiritual paths, author, "Fear of Death," Tharpa Publications, www.tharpa.com/background/fear-of-death.htm, acc 10-26-04uwyo-ajl~
Generally, our fear of death is an unhealthy and unrealistic fear-we don’t AND through Tantric spiritual practice, we can even attain a deathless body.
Third, the alt over-emphasizes ontology- this stymies politics
Owen 02 David Owen 2, Reader of Political Theory at the Univ. of Southampton, Millennium Vol 31 No 3 2002 p. 655-7 Commenting on the ’philosophical turn’ in IR, Wæver remarks that ’~a~ AND the first and second dangers, and so a potentially vicious circle arises.
No link: plan isn’t demonstrative of our fear of death- it uses apocolypticism to reconstruct reality in a way that mobilizes action to avert impending threats
Schatz 12 (JL, Binghampton University, The Journal of Ecocentrism, "The Importance of Apocalypse: The Value of End-Of-The-World Politics While Advancing Ecocriticism," 2012, http://ojs.unbc.ca/index.php/joe/article/view/394/382-http://ojs.unbc.ca/index.php/joe/article/view/394/382) /wyo-mm Oftentimes it takes images of planetary annihilation to motivate people into action after years of AND ecological metaphors or environmental reality we only get part ¶ of the picture.`
But these immediate effects of global warming pale before the possibility of runaway global warming AND some bacteria; the end of life on Earth as we know it.
1/5/14
AT Damage Suits
Tournament: UNT | Round: 7 | Opponent: Houston AsBo | Judge: Scott Elliott
Ex post review fails to solve legitimacy or set up a legal framework
Crandall 12 (Carla, Law Clerk – Supreme Court of Missouri, "Ready…Fire…Aim21 A Case for Applying American Due Process Principles Before Engaging in Drone Strikes," Florida Journal of International Law, April, 24 Fla. J. Int’l L. 55, Lexis)
Despite the expanded use of drones, however, the legitimacy of these attacks remains AND type action as a remedy for the survivors of erroneous drone strikes. n8 As this Article explains, however, none of these approaches yield wholly satisfactory answers AND " before firing-and posits that such a standard is practically attainable. In doing so, the Article proceeds as follows. Part II describes the capabilities AND U.S. officials engage in such actions. Part V concludes.
1/10/14
AT Farm Bill PTX
Tournament: UNT | Round: 1 | Opponent: KSU MR | Judge: Matt Moore
Allouche 11, research Fellow – water supply and sanitation @ Institute for Development Studies, frmr professor – MIT, ’11 (Jeremy, "The sustainability and resilience of global water and food systems: Political analysis of the interplay between security, resource scarcity, political systems and global trade," Food Policy, Vol. 36 Supplement 1, p. S3-S8, January) The question of resource scarcity has led to many debates on whether scarcity (whether AND ~Barnett and Adger, 2007~ and Kevane and Gray, 2008).
1/9/14
AT Iran Sanctions PTX
Tournament: UNT | Round: 7 | Opponent: Houston AsBo | Judge: Scott Elliott
2nd, Link turn drone courts popular in congress—particularly with Feinstein and King
Hosenball, 2-8-2013 ~Mark, Reuters news service, Support grows for U.S. "drone court" to review lethal strikes, http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/02/09/us-usa-drones-idUSBRE91800B20130209~~ /Wyo-MB During a fresh round of debate this week over President Barack Obama’s claim that he AND least that would be ... some check on the activities of the executive."
Feinstein key to agenda- can wrangle in both parties
4th, Political capital theory not true—and if the plan causes a fight it means Obama will get to pass more legislation—winning wins
Hirsh, 2013 ~Michael, national journal chief correspondent, There’s No Such Thing as Political Capital, 3-30-13, http://www.nationaljournal.com/magazine/there-s-no-such-thing-as-political-capital-20130207~~ /Wyo-MB But the abrupt emergence of the immigration and gun-control issues illustrates how suddenly AND change positions to get on the winning side. It’s a bandwagon effect."
No impact – sanctions only apply if Iran cheats – and threats to walk out are a bluff
More than a month ago, Iran and the U.S. cut an AND that nothing has changed: Iran is still playing for time and winning.
1/10/14
AT Pan
Tournament: UNT | Round: 1 | Opponent: KSU MR | Judge: Matt Moore
Pan concedes that studies of China can be effective – they have to prove a specific link to our scholarship
Chengxin Pan, Australian National University, 2004, "Discourses of China in International Relations: A Study in Western Theory as (IR) Practice, Doctoral Thesis, p.35 Perhaps for this reason, I will occasionally be guilty of broad brush generalisation ( AND level but which nonetheless has to be illustrated in relation to specific works.
Assessing Chinese motivation is possible and epistemologically useful—- Joseph K. Clifton 11, Claremont McKenna College "DISPUTED THEORY AND SECURITY POLICY: RESPONDING TO "THE RISE OF CHINA"," 2011, http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=116426context=cmc_theses First, motives can be known. Mearsheimer is correct in observing that assessing motives AND , which is preferable because of the possibility of reducing competition and conflict.
Rhetoric describes and reflects reality, it does not shape it—objective reality exists outside of language
Fram-Cohen ’85 ~Michelle, "Reality, Language, Translation: What Makes Translation Possible?" American Translators Association Conference, enlightenment.supersaturated.com/essays/text/michelleframcohenpossibilityoftranslation.html, 9-24-06uwyo-ajl~ Nida did not provide the philosophical basis of the view that the external world is AND not by itself provide a sufficient image of modern reality for modern users.
1/9/14
AT RestrictProhibit T
Tournament: UNT | Round: 7 | Opponent: Houston AsBo | Judge: Scott Elliott
We meet – contextual ev
Guiora, 12 ~Amos, Professor of Law, SJ Quinney College of Law, University of Utah, author of numerous books dealing with military law and national security including Legitimate Target: A Criteria-Based Approach to Targeted Killing, "Drone Policy: A Proposal Moving Forward," http://jurist.org/forum/2013/03/amos-guiora-drone-policy.php-http://jurist.org/forum/2013/03/amos-guiora-drone-policy.php~~ To re-phrase, this strict scrutiny test seeks to strike a balance by AND conducted in accordance with the rule of law and morality in armed conflict.
"Statutory restrictions" can mandate judicial review, but are enacted by congress
Mortenson 11 (Julian Davis Assistant Professor, University of Michigan Law School, "Review: Executive Power and the Discipline of History Crisis and Command: The History of Executive Power from George Washington to George W. Bush John Yoo. Kaplan, 2009. Pp vii, 524," Winter 2011, University of Chicago Law Review 78 U. Chi. L. Rev. 377) At least two of Yoo’s main examples of presidential power are actually instances of presidential AND (III, pp 295-301, 310, 327-28).
A restriction on war powers authority limits Presidential discretion
Jules Lobel 8, Professor of Law at the University of Pittsburgh Law School, President of the Center for Constitutional Rights, represented members of Congress challenging assertions of Executive power to unilaterally initiate warfare, "Conflicts Between the Commander in Chief and Congress: Concurrent Power over the Conduct of War," Ohio State Law Journal, Vol 69, p 391, 2008, http://moritzlaw.osu.edu/students/groups/oslj/files/2012/04/69.3.lobel_.pdf So too, the congressional power to declare or authorize war has been long held AND decisively ejected from Kuwait, a limitation recognized by President Bush himself.64
In the area of means a certain scope
Elizabeth Miura 12, China Presentation, prezi.com/tccgenlw25so/chin165a-final-presentation/ "in the area of" refers to a certain scope
1/10/14
AT Schmitt Reformism K
Tournament: UNT | Round: 1 | Opponent: KSU MR | Judge: Matt Moore
Debating the law teaches us how to make it better and recover our agency – rejection is worse
Todd Hedrick, Assistant Professor of Philosophy at Michigan State University, Sept 2012, Democratic Constitutionalism as Mediation: The Decline and Recovery of an Idea in Critical Social Theory, Constellations Volume 19, Issue 3, pages 382–400 Habermas’ alleged abandonment of immanent critique, however, is belied by the role that AND , without the triumphalist pretension of ever being able to fully do so.
Legal restraints work – the theory of the exception is self-serving and wrong
William E. Scheuerman 6, Professor of Political Science at Indiana University, Carl Schmitt and the Road to Abu Ghraib, Constellations, Volume 13, Issue 1
Yet this argument relies on Schmitt’s controversial model of politics, as outlined eloquently but AND to develop a legal apparatus suited to the special problem of irregular combatants.
Legal norms don’t cause wars and the alt can’t effect liberalism
David Luban 10, law prof at Georgetown, Beyond Traditional Concepts of Lawfare: Carl Schmitt and the Critique of Lawfare, 43 Case W. Res. J. Int’l L. 457 Among these associations is the positive, constructive side of politics, the very foundation AND would be a political decision. It would simply be a bad one.
1/9/14
AT Terror Talk
Tournament: UNT | Round: 1 | Opponent: KSU MR | Judge: Matt Moore
Second, Predictions of terrorism are true- their critique replicates the logic preceding the attacks on Britain
Focus on language-discourse in the war on terror fails to create effective models for combatting violence, understanding war, and history proves there’s no causality between language and war
However, having said that, the problem is Jackson’s own theoretical underpinning, his AND analysis provides us with is a set of universals and a heuristic model.
Economy is resilient and decline doesn’t cause war
Zakaria 9 Editor of Newsweek, BA from Yale, PhD in pol sci, Harvard. He serves on the board of Yale University, The Council on Foreign Relations, The Trilateral Commission, and Shakespeare and Company. Named "one of the 21 most important people of the 21st Century" (Fareed, December 12, 2009, "The Secrets of Stability: Why terrorism and economic turmoil won’t keep the world down for long" Newsweek, http://www.newsweek.com/2009/12/11/the-secrets-of-stability.print.html-http://www.newsweek.com/2009/12/11/the-secrets-of-stability.print.html) One year ago, the world seemed as if it might be coming apart. AND forces for stability, each reinforcing the other and each historical in nature.
Economy collapse inevitable- debt is too massive for a recovery
Tournament: UTD | Round: 2 | Opponent: SamfordIndiana CM | Judge: Brian Box
OLC can’t solve and links to politics
Posner 11 Eric Posner is the Kirkland 26 Ellis Professor, University of Chicago Law School. "DEFERENCE TO THE EXECUTIVE IN THE UNITED STATES AFTER 9/11 CONGRESS, THE COURTS AND THE OFFICE OF LEGAL COUNSEL" available at http://www.law.uchicago.edu/academics/publiclaw/index.html. These two events neatly encapsulate the dilemma for OLC, and indeed all the president’s AND . At a minimum, OLC raises the political cost of the action.
1/5/14
Policy Method Good
Tournament: UTD | Round: 6 | Opponent: Texas-Austin CM | Judge: A Morgan
The Aff’s focus on deliberative approaches to public policy makes participation in policy decisions by those without their hands on the levers of power possible
Hickman, 12 ~Larry, director of the Center for Dewey Studies and professor of philosophy at Southern Illinois University Carbondale, "Citizen Participation: more or less?" Online, http://www.secularhumanism.org/index.php?section=fi26page=hickman_28_6~~ /Wyo-MB Progressives such as John Dewey have tended to take a very different view from that AND to public problems and experts who can advise those representatives on technical matters.
Predictions based on existential magnitude must be considered, there is no coming back from it, and there have been no previous examples to base predictions off of, and waiting to be reactive to situations is worse
Nick Bostrom, 02 Professor, Faculty of Philosophy, Oxford University-http://www.nickbostrom.com/existential/risks.htmlwww.nickbostrom.com-http://www.nickbostrom.com/ ~Published in the Journal of Evolution and Technology, Vol. 9, No. 1 (2002). (First version: 2001)~, accessed 1/16/13,WYO/JF Existential risks are distinct from global endurable risks. Examples of the latter kind include AND to do that, we need to know where to focus our efforts.
You should evaluate ALL epistemology claims through the lens of specificity—Drawing inferences from empirical reality is possible EVEN IF there is no possibility for pure certainty.
Wight 7 ~Colin, Department of Politics, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, The University of Exeter, Journal of International Relations and Development, "Inside the epistemological cave all bets are off", p. aspwyo-tjc~ Kratochwil’s attempt to push beyond the epistemological wars by remaining inside the epistemological cave is AND exists or can, in all cases, stop an object from existing.
Even if predictions are not perfect we should use foresight to take action to prevent crisis precisely because the future is uncertain. Prefer this evidence – it assumes their critique of prediction and is conclusive on what to do about it. Kurasawa, 2004 ~Fuyuki, Professor of Sociology at York University, "Cautionary Tales: The Global Culture of Prevention and the Work of Foresight." 2004, Constellations, Vol. 11, No. 4~ When engaging in the labor of preventive foresight, the first obstacle that one is AND trying to understand what is brewing on the horizon and to prepare for crises
