Tournament: Vanderbilt | Round: 2 | Opponent: Samford Carley-Higgins | Judge: Waldinger
Obama’s war powers maintain his presidential power
Rozell 12
Mark Rozell is Professor of Public Policy, George Mason University, and is the author of Executive Privilege: Presidential Power, Secrecy and Accountability, From Idealism to Power: The Presidency in the Age of Obama, 2012 _{http://www.libertylawsite.org/book-review/from-idealism-to-power-the-presidency-in-the-age-of-obama/
And yet, as Jack Goldsmith accurately details in his latest book, President Barack
AND
, they are succeeding much more than the countervailing forces are limiting them.}

The Courts are self-interested – they’ll use the aff’s precedent to expand their power vis-à-vis the President
Choper 7 -- Earl Warren Prof of Public Law @ UC Berkeley (Jesse H., 2007, "The Political Question Doctrine and the Supreme Court of the United States," Introduction, p. 1-21)

Because the prudential doctrine allows the Court to avoid deciding a case without an anchor
AND
constitutional conversation among three coordinate branches into a monologue by the Supreme Court.

Multiple scenarios for nuclear war
Yoo 12
John, Law Professor at University of California, Berkeley and Visiting Scholar at the American Enterprise Institute Deputy Assistant U.S. Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel, Department of Justice (OLC), during the George W. Bush administration, Deputy Assistant U.S. Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel, Department of Justice (OLC), during the George W. Bush administration, War Powers Belong to the President, 2/1/12, http://www.abajournal.com/magazine/article/war_powers_belong_to_the_president

Congress’ track record when it has opposed presidential leadership has not been a happy one
AND
time to introduce sweeping, untested changes in the way we make war.

Tournament: Vanderbilt | Round: 2 | Opponent: Samford Carley-Higgins | Judge: Waldinger
Judicial review of war powers erodes the State Secrets Privilege
Kadidal 7 (Shayana – Center for Constitutional Rights, New York City; J.D., Yale 1994, “DOES CONGRESS HAVE THE POWER TO LIMIT THE PRESIDENT'S CONDUCT OF DETENTIONS, INTERROGATIONS AND SURVEILLANCE IN THE CONTEXT OF WAR?”, 2007, 11 N.Y. City L. Rev. 23, lexis)
As to the AUMF, this meta-defense runs as follows: In both
AND
cannot rely on FISA in enjoining the President from carrying out such surveillance:

Drone oversight requires circumventing the doctrine – allows lawsuits and releases military secrets
Rosen 11 (Richard D. – Professor of Law and Director, Center for Military Law and Policy, Texas Tech University School of Law, “PART III: ARTICLE: DRONES AND THE U.S. COURTS”, 2011, 37 Wm. Mitchell L. Rev. 5280, lexis)
V. State Secrets: The Death Knell of Drone Cases Assuming a complaint survives
AND
to the means, methods, and circumstances under which drones are employed.

Lawsuits release vital drone methods and intelligence –turns case
Murphy and Radsan 9 (Richard – ATand
 officials if a court determines they reasonably believed they were acting within the scope of their legal authority. n220 Defendants would satisfy this requirement T Professor of Law, Texas Tech University School of Law, and Afsheen – Professor, William Mitchell College of Law, “ARTICLE: DUE PROCESS AND TARGETED KILLING OF TERRORISTS”, November, 32 Cardozo L. Rev. 405, lexis)
In defense of this anomaly, there are obvious policy reasons for not allowing Bivens
AND
world-wide war in which combatants and targets are not easily identified.

Unmanned vehicle tech leadership is key to naval power
Landay et al. 4 (William E. Landay III – RDML (Rear Admiral), USN, Concurring with the following: Michael A. LeFever, RDML, USN Raymond A. Spicer, RDML, USN Roseanne M. Levitre, RDML, USN Steven J. Toma szeski, RADM, USN, Oceanographer of the Navy, Approved by Joseph A. Walsh and Roger M. Smith of US Navy, “The Navy Unmanned Undersea Vehicle (UUV) Master Plan”, 11/9, http://www.navy.mil/navydata/technology/uuvmp.pdf)
The Vision for UUVs and the Objective of the UUV Master Plan Today our naval
AND
o v ide for a logical, flexible, and affordable development effort. 

Strong navy is key to prevent great power war – deterrence
Eaglen 11 (Mackenzie, Heritage Foundation Research Fellow for National Security Studies, Allison Center for Foreign Policy Studies, May, 16, 2011, “Thinking about a Day without Sea Power: Implications for U.S. Defense Policy”, http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2011/05/thinking-about-a-day-without-sea-power-implications-for-us-defense-policy)
Under a scenario of dramatically reduced naval power, the United States would cease to
AND
-area operations, and Europe as a whole maintains little airlift capacity.

Tournament: Vanderbilt | Round: 6 | Opponent: Emory Lockwood-Lowe | Judge: Frederick
Congressional restrictions cause adversaries to doubt the credibility of our threats --- causes crisis escalation
Matthew Waxman 8/25/13, Professor of Law @ Columbia and Adjunct Senior Fellow for Law and Foreign Policy @ CFR, “The Constitutional Power to Threaten War,” Forthcoming in Yale Law Journal, vol. 123, August 25, 2013, SSRN
A claim previously advanced from a presidentialist perspective is that stronger legislative checks on war
AND
to use force in order to prevent a confrontation which might escalate.179

Perception of weak Presidential crisis response collapses heg
John R. Bolton 9, Senior fellow at the American Enterprise Institute and Former U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, “The danger of Obama's dithering,” Los Angeles Times, October 18, http://articles.latimes.com/2009/oct/18/opinion/oe-bolton18
Weakness in American foreign policy in one region often invites challenges elsewhere, because our
AND
the face of criticism and adversity, engagement simply embodies weakness and indecision.
Hegemony solves great power war
Khalilzad 11 – Zalmay Khalilzad, the United States ambassador to Afghanistan, Iraq, and the United Nations during the presidency of George W. Bush and the director of policy planning at the Defense Department from 1990 to 1992, February 8, 2011, “The Economy and National Security; If we don’t get our economic house in order, we risk a new era of multi-polarity,” online:  http://www.nationalreview.com/articles/259024/economy-and-national-security-zalmay-khalilzad
We face this domestic challenge while other major powers are experiencing rapid economic growth.
AND
the United States is the most significant barrier facing Chinese hegemony and aggression.

OCOs give the US coercive leverage to deescalate North Korean nuclear brinksmanship --- speed is key
Martin C. Libicki 13, Senior Management Scientist @ RAND and adjunct fellow @ Georgetown’s Center for Security Studies, “Brandishing Cyberattack Capabilities,” RAND, http://www.rand.org/pub s/research_reports/RR175.html
Our inquiry is therefore more humble. Could a U.S. threat that
AND
up tensions in advance of the U.S. crossing red lines.

Threat of OCO strikes deescalates Senkaku conflict --- prevents great power war
Leigh Drogen 13, founder and chief investment officer of Surfview Capital, LLC, a New York based investment management firm, “Why Cyber Weapons Will Make The World Even Safer,” 3/4, http://www.leighdrogen.com/why-cyber-weapons-will-make-the-world-even-safer/
Scene: China has just exchanged fire with Japan over the East China Sea Islands
AND
believe cyber weapons will add to global security as they become more pervasive.

Tournament: Vanderbilt | Round: 6 | Opponent: Emory Lockwood-Lowe | Judge: Frederick
Interpretation – OCO includes only cyberattacks – that excludes exploitation and active defense – key to precision
Lorber 13 (Eric, J.D. Candidate, University of Pennsylvania Law School, Ph.D Candidate, Duke University Department of Political Science, "COMMENT: Executive Warmaking Authority and Offensive Cyber Operations: Can Existing Legislation Successfully Constrain Presidential Power?," 15 U. Pa. J. Const. L. 961, lexis)

Cyberattacks are "efforts to alter, disrupt, or destroy computer systems or networks
AND
and exploitative elements, here "OCO" refers only to attacks. n86

Tournament: Vanderbilt | Round: 2 | Opponent: Samford Carley-Higgins | Judge: Waldinger
A. Interpretation – targeted killing is distinct from signature strikes – precise definitions are key
Uebersax 12 (John, psychologist, writer and former RAND Corporation military analyst, "The Four Kinds of Drone Strikes," http://satyagraha.wordpress.com/2012/05/23/the-four-kinds-of-drone-strikes/)
We must begin with clear terms, and that is the purpose of the present
AND
, it would be more difficult for the government to mislead the public.

Tournament: Vanderbilt | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Emory Cheng-Sawyer | Judge: Norris, Waldinger, Zagorin
Text: The executive branch of the United States should issue and enforce an executive order implementing, via the appropriate administrative agencies, restricting the war powers authority of the President of the United States in the area of offensive cyber operations

Executive orders concerning war powers are common, have the same effect as the plan, and withstand judicial scrutiny
Duncan 10 (John C. – Associate Professor of Law, College of Law, Florida A and M University; Ph.D., Stanford University; J.D., Yale Law School, “A CRITICAL CONSIDERATION OF EXECUTIVE ORDERS: GLIMMERINGS OF AUTOPOIESIS IN THE EXECUTIVE ROLE”, Vermont Law Review, 35 Vt. L. Rev. 333, lexis)
Executive orders make "legally binding pronouncements" in fields of authority generally conceded to
AND
in later legislation and thereby retroactively shield it from any future challenge. n1

Tournament: Vanderbilt | Round: 6 | Opponent: Emory Lockwood-Lowe | Judge: Frederick
Yellen will likely be confirmed this month despite increasing GOP opposition
NASDAQ 10/30/13 ("GOP Senators Threaten to Delay Yellen Nomination," http://www.nasdaq.com/article/gop-senators-threaten-to-delay-yellen-nomination-20131030-01719)
Ms. Yellen, Mr. Obama's pick to become the first chairwoman of the
AND
Banking Committee, which is expected to hold her confirmation hearing in November.

Obama fights the plan – strongly supports war powers
Rana 11 (Aziz – Assistant Professor of Law, Cornell Law School, “TEN QUESTIONS: RESPONSES TO THE TEN QUESTIONS”, 2011, 37 Wm. Mitchell L. Rev. 5099, lexis)
Thus, for many legal critics of executive power, the election of Barack Obama
AND
war powers and to promote the centrality of state secrecy to national security.

Presidential war power battles expend capital – it’s immediate and forces a trade-off
O’Neil 7 (David – Adjunct Associate Professor of Law, Fordham Law School, “The Political Safeguards of Executive Privilege”, 2007, 60 Vand. L. Rev. 1079, lexis)
a. Conscious Pursuit of Institutional Prerogatives The first such assumption is belied both by
AND
Shane observes, non-judicial resolution "becomes vastly more difficult." n187

Capital key to securing the new Fed chair
Collier 9/30/13 (Sustainable Wealth Management, "Perspectives: Four Challenges Facing the Markets This Fall," http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:mVzW9cxQi5YJ:www.collierswm.com/blog/perspectives-four-challenges-facing-markets-fall+andcd=15andhl=enandct=clnkandgl=us)
Current Fed Chairman, Ben Bernanke, will step down from his position in January
AND
Fed’s unprecedented quantitative easing programs while keeping the economy on track.iii

Yellen confirmation is key to the global economy – she’s key to managing multiple threats to growth
Crutsinger and Wiseman 10/9/13 (Martin and Paul, AP Economics Writers, "As Fed chair, Yellen would face tough challenges," http://www.dallasnews.com/business/headlines/20131009-as-fed-chair-yellen-would-face-tough-challenges.ece?nclick_check=1)
Yellen would also take over the Fed at a critical time for China, the
AND
Fed vice chairman who served with Yellen at the Fed in the 1990s.

Global nuclear war
Harris and Burrows 9 (Mathew, PhD European History @ Cambridge, counselor of the U.S. National Intelligence Council (NIC) and Jennifer, member of the NIC’s Long Range Analysis Unit “Revisiting the Future: Geopolitical Effects of the Financial Crisis” http://www.ciaonet.org/journals/twq/v32i2/f_0016178_13952.pdf)
Of course, the report encompasses more than economics and indeed believes the future is
AND
within and between states in a more dog-eat-dog world.