Tournament: Shirley | Round: 3 | Opponent: Wyoming Dilldine-McFarland | Judge: Munday
1NC
The aff’s paranoid threat discourse is epistemologically flawed and replicates psychological projections of enmity
Mack 90 – Doctor of Psychiatry and a professor at Harvard University (John, “The Enemy System” http://www.johnemackinstitute.org/eJournal/article.asp?id=23 *Gender modified)
The threat of nuclear annihilation … leadership, contribute powerfully to the process.
This psychological construct causes error replication and extinction
Hollander 3 – professor of Latin American history and women's studies at California State University (Nancy, "A Psychoanalytic Perspective on the Politics of Terror:In the Aftermath of 9/11" www.estadosgerais.org/mundial_rj/download/FLeitor_NHollander_ingl.pdf)
In this sense, then, 9-11 has symbolically …. and stimulates paranoia.
Reject their psychologically constructed scenarios for conflict – a reformulation of language, knowledge production, and our reaction to psychic trauma breaks down the cycle of enmity
Byles 3 (Joanna Montgomery, prof of English @ the Univ of Cyprus, Journal for the Psychoanalysis of Culture and Society 8.2 (2003) 208-213, Psychoanalysis and War: The Superego and Projective Identification).
It is here of course that language plays … importantly, a way of thinking.
1NC
Iran nuclear talks now – Obama has PC now and it’s key to prevent sanctions
Reuters, 11/16/13 (“'Quite possible' Iran, powers can reach nuclear deal next week: U.S. official”; By Lesley Wroughton; Sat Nov 16, 2013 4:21am EST; http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/11/16/us-iran-nuclear-usa-idUSBRE9AF00I20131116)
(Reuters) - Major powers and … they see as bad faith."
Obama fights the plan and saps his political capital – controversy and policy trade-offs
Holman 13 (Kwame, “ACLU, Congress Await Obama's Next Action on Overseas Drone Strikes”, 3/29, http://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/2013/03/aclu-others-await-presidents-next-action-on-overseas-drone-strikes.html)
As the American Civil Liberties Union's chief Washington lobbyist, Chris Anders spends a lot of time with members of Congress and their staffs. But he says no one seems to know when … battles with Congress.
That causes US-Iran war
AFP, 11/13/13 (“New Iran sanctions would risk war: White House warns Congress”; POSTED: 13 Nov 2013 03:09
URL: http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/world/white-house-warns/884486.html; from channelnewsasia.com)
The White House on … Jay Carney told reporters.
The impact is extinction
Avery, PhD in Physics, 11/6/13 (John Scales, B.Sc. in theoretical physics from MIT and an M.Sc. from the University of Chicago. He later studied theoretical chemistry at the University of London, and was awarded a Ph.D. there in 1965. He is now Lektor Emeritus, Associate Professor, at the Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen. Fellowships, memberships in societies: Since 1990 he has been the Contact Person in Denmark for Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs. In 1995, this group received the Nobel Peace Prize for their efforts. He was the Member of the Danish Peace Commission of 1998. Technical Advisor, World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe (1988- 1997). Chairman of the Danish Peace Academy, “An Attack On Iran Could Escalate Into Global Nuclear War”; 06 November, 2013; http://www.countercurrents.org/avery061113.htm)
Despite the willingness …US citizens included.
The 1NC
Text: Congress should delegate the War Powers Authority of the President of the United States to establish a federal counterterrorism oversight court with jurisdiction over targeted killing orders to The Department of Defense. The The Department of Defense should implement oversight court pursuant to the congressional delegation.
Counterplan results in bureaucratic discretion and adaptability which functionally constrains the plan’s object of war powers authority. The counterplan is mutually exclusive and proves the links to politics/warfighting only goes our way.
David Epstein and O’Hallaron 99, Department of Political Science and Stanford Graduate School of Business, Columbia and Stanford University, and Sharyn O’Hallaron, Department of Political Science and the School of International and Public Affairs and Hoover Institution, Columbia and Stanford University, January 1999 (“The Nondelegation Doctrine and the Separation of Powers” – Cardozo Law Review) p. lexis
Our institutional analysis begins with the observation that there are two alternative modes for specifying the details of public policy. Policy can be made through the typical legislative process, in which a committee considers a bill and reports it to the floor of the chamber, and then a majority of the floor members must agree on a policy to enact. Alternatively, Congress can pass a law that delegates authority to regulatory agencies, allowing them to fill in some or all of the details of policy. The key is that, given a fixed amount of policy details to be specified, these two modes of policymaking are substitutes for each other. To the degree that one is used more, the other will perforce be used less. Note also that it is Congress who chooses where policy is made. Legislators can either write detailed, exacting laws, in which case the executive branch will have little or no substantive input into policy, they can delegate the details to agencies, thereby giving the executive branch a substantial role in the policymaking process, or they can pick any point in between. Since legislators' primary goal is reelection, it follows that policy will be made so as to maximize legislators' reelection chances. Thus, delegation will follow the natural fault lines of legislators' political advantage. In making this institutional choice, legislators face costs either way. Making explicit laws requires legislative time and energy that might be profitably spent on more electorally productive activities. After all, one of the reasons bureaucracies are created is for agencies to implement policies in areas where Congress has neither the time nor expertise to micro-manage policy decisions, and by restricting flexibility, Congress would be limiting agencies' ability to adjust to changing circumstances. This tradeoff is captured well by Terry Moe in his discussion of regulatory structure: The most direct way to control agencies is for today's authorities to specify, in excruciating detail, precisely what the agency is to do and how it is to do it, leaving as little as possible to the discretionary judgment of bureaucrats - and thus as little as possible for future authorities to exercise control over, short of passing new legislation... Obviously, this is not a formula for creating effective organizations. In the interests of public protection, agencies are knowingly burdened with cumbersome, complicated, technically inappropriate structures that undermine their capacity to perform their jobs well. n40 Where oversight and monitoring problems do not exist, legislators would readily delegate authority to the executive branch, taking advantage of agency expertise, conserving scarce resources of time, staff, and energy, and avoiding the logrolls, delays, and informational inefficiencies associated with the committee system. Consider, for example, the issue of airline safety, which is characterized on the one hand by the need for technical expertise, and on the other hand by an almost complete absence of potential political benefits. That is, policymakers will receive little credit if airlines run well and no disasters occur, but they will have to with *963 stand intense scrutiny if something goes wrong. n41 Furthermore, legislative and executive preferences on this issue would tend to be almost perfectly aligned - have fewer accidents as long as the costs to airlines are not prohibitive. The set of individuals receiving benefits, the public who use the airlines, is diffused and ill organized, while those paying the costs of regulation, the airline companies, are well-organized and politically active. Furthermore, keeping in mind that deficiencies in the system are easily detectable, delegated power is relatively simple to monitor. For all these reasons, even if legislators had unlimited time and resources of their own (which they do not), delegation to the executive branch would be the preferred mode of policymaking.
If they’re topical, then the counterplan will link less than the plan – allows congress to logroll rule-making details
Moe and Howell 99 (Terry Moe, William Bennett Munro professor of political science at Stanford University, a senior fellow at Stanford University's Hoover Institution, and a member of the Hoover Institution’s Koret Task Force on K-12, William Howell, the Sydney Stein Professor in American Politics in the Harris School, a professor in the Department of Political Science and the College, and a co-director of the Program on Political Institutions, “The Presidential Power of Unilateral Action” 1999, Oxford University Press, http://jleo.oxfordjournals.org.ezproxy.baylor.edu/content/15/1/132.full.pdf)
1NC
The aff’s paranoid threat discourse is epistemologically flawed and replicates psychological projections of enmity
Mack 90 – Doctor of Psychiatry and a professor at Harvard University (John, “The Enemy System” http://www.johnemackinstitute.org/eJournal/article.asp?id=23 *Gender modified)
The threat of nuclear annihilation … leadership, contribute powerfully to the process.
This psychological construct causes error replication and extinction
Hollander 3 – professor of Latin American history and women's studies at California State University (Nancy, "A Psychoanalytic Perspective on the Politics of Terror:In the Aftermath of 9/11" www.estadosgerais.org/mundial_rj/download/FLeitor_NHollander_ingl.pdf)
In this sense, then, 9-11 has symbolically …. and stimulates paranoia.
Reject their psychologically constructed scenarios for conflict – a reformulation of language, knowledge production, and our reaction to psychic trauma breaks down the cycle of enmity
Byles 3 (Joanna Montgomery, prof of English @ the Univ of Cyprus, Journal for the Psychoanalysis of Culture and Society 8.2 (2003) 208-213, Psychoanalysis and War: The Superego and Projective Identification).
It is here of course that language plays … importantly, a way of thinking.
1NC
Iran nuclear talks now – Obama has PC now and it’s key to prevent sanctions
Reuters, 11/16/13 (“'Quite possible' Iran, powers can reach nuclear deal next week: U.S. official”; By Lesley Wroughton; Sat Nov 16, 2013 4:21am EST; http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/11/16/us-iran-nuclear-usa-idUSBRE9AF00I20131116)
(Reuters) - Major powers and … they see as bad faith."
Obama fights the plan and saps his political capital – controversy and policy trade-offs
Holman 13 (Kwame, “ACLU, Congress Await Obama's Next Action on Overseas Drone Strikes”, 3/29, http://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/2013/03/aclu-others-await-presidents-next-action-on-overseas-drone-strikes.html)
As the American Civil Liberties Union's chief Washington lobbyist, Chris Anders spends a lot of time with members of Congress and their staffs. But he says no one seems to know when … battles with Congress.
That causes US-Iran war
AFP, 11/13/13 (“New Iran sanctions would risk war: White House warns Congress”; POSTED: 13 Nov 2013 03:09
URL: http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/world/white-house-warns/884486.html; from channelnewsasia.com)
The White House on … Jay Carney told reporters.
The impact is extinction
Avery, PhD in Physics, 11/6/13 (John Scales, B.Sc. in theoretical physics from MIT and an M.Sc. from the University of Chicago. He later studied theoretical chemistry at the University of London, and was awarded a Ph.D. there in 1965. He is now Lektor Emeritus, Associate Professor, at the Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen. Fellowships, memberships in societies: Since 1990 he has been the Contact Person in Denmark for Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs. In 1995, this group received the Nobel Peace Prize for their efforts. He was the Member of the Danish Peace Commission of 1998. Technical Advisor, World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe (1988- 1997). Chairman of the Danish Peace Academy, “An Attack On Iran Could Escalate Into Global Nuclear War”; 06 November, 2013; http://www.countercurrents.org/avery061113.htm)
Despite the willingness …US citizens included.
The 1NC
Text: Congress should delegate the War Powers Authority of the President of the United States to establish a federal counterterrorism oversight court with jurisdiction over targeted killing orders to The Department of Defense. The The Department of Defense should implement oversight court pursuant to the congressional delegation.
Counterplan results in bureaucratic discretion and adaptability which functionally constrains the plan’s object of war powers authority. The counterplan is mutually exclusive and proves the links to politics/warfighting only goes our way.
David Epstein and O’Hallaron 99, Department of Political Science and Stanford Graduate School of Business, Columbia and Stanford University, and Sharyn O’Hallaron, Department of Political Science and the School of International and Public Affairs and Hoover Institution, Columbia and Stanford University, January 1999 (“The Nondelegation Doctrine and the Separation of Powers” – Cardozo Law Review) p. lexis
Our institutional analysis begins ….preferred mode of policymaking.
If they’re topical, then the counterplan will link less than the plan – allows congress to logroll rule-making details
Moe and Howell 99 (Terry Moe, William Bennett Munro professor of political science at Stanford University, a senior fellow at Stanford University's Hoover Institution, and a member of the Hoover Institution’s Koret Task Force on K-12, William Howell, the Sydney Stein Professor in American Politics in the Harris School, a professor in the Department of Political Science and the College, and a co-director of the Program on Political Institutions, “The Presidential Power of Unilateral Action” 1999, Oxford University Press, http://jleo.oxfordjournals.org.ezproxy.baylor.edu/content/15/1/132.full.pdf)
Now let’s return to the kinds of theoretical … delegations to be more common in that realm.
Drone Prolif
All their “precedent” evidence relies on the assertion that there’s a causal link between U.S. drone doctrine and other’ countries choices---that’s not true---no tangible evidence
Kenneth Anderson 11, Professor of International Law at American University, 10/9/11, “What Kind of Drones Arms Race Is Coming?,” http://www.volokh.com/2011/10/09/what-kind-of-drones-arms-race-is-coming/#more-51516
New York Times national …technologies that are … more discriminating.
- No impact —aggressors don’t have the intel or experience to be capable of attack
Admiral Dennis Blair, Former Director of National Intelligence, “U.S. Drone Strike Policies: Speakers: Admiral Dennis Blair, Former Director of National Intelligence, and Micah Zenko, Douglas Dillon Fellow,” Conversation at CFR, January 22, 2013.
OPERATOR: Our next question comes …. measures in the future.
2. No prolif – no major prolif over next 10 years – too costly and not effective enough
Micah Zenko, Douglas Dillon fellow in the Center for Preventive Action (CPA) at the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR). “Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies,” CPA at CFR, Council Special Report No. 65, January 2013.
Based on current trends, … drones in the near term.
Drone prolif doesn’t escalate
Singh ’12 Joseph Singh is a researcher at the Center for a New American Security, an independent and non-partisan organization that focuses on researching and analyzing national security and defense policies, also a research assistant at the Institute for Near East and Gulf Military Analysis (INEGMA) North America, is a War and Peace Fellow at the Dickey Center, a global research organization, “Betting Against a Drone Arms Race,” 8-13-12, http://nation.time.com/2012/08/13/betting-against-a-drone-arms-race/
Bold predictions of a coming … despite their arrival in large numbers.
Restricting the use of drones is impossible – unrestrained use is inevitable.
Steigerwald ‘13 (Lucy, “The Inevitability of Drones in the US and Abroad”, Anti War, 4-29-13, http://antiwar.com/blog/2013/04/29/the-inevitability-of-drones-in-the-u-s-and-abroad/, RSR)
The proliferation of drones … surveillance at home.
intervening actors prevent escalation through dialogue
Sieg 9/23 – writer for Reuters
(Linda, “Japan, China military conflict seen unlikely despite strain”, http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/09/23/us-china-japan-confrontation-idUSBRE88M0F220120923, dml)
(Reuters) - Hawkish Chinese commentators … does not get out of control."
Terrorism
Terrorism is not an existential threat
Fettweis 10Christopher J. Fettweis, Assistant Professor of Political Science at Tulane University, “Threat and Anxiety in US Foreign Policy,” Survival, 52:2, 59-82, March 25th 2010, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00396331003764603
Even terrorists equipped … overreaction, can accomplish that.
No correlation between drone use and recruitment levels.
Etzioni 13, Professor of International Relations @ George Washington University
(AimtaiEtzioni, senior adviser to the Carter administration, “Everything Libertarians and Liberals Get Wrong About Drones”, The Atlantic, 4/30/13, http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2013/04/everything-libertarians-and-liberals-get-wrong-about-drones/275356/)
Some critics worry that … arrival (for instance in Pakistan).
Solvency
Drones prevent US retrenchment
Michael A. Reynolds 13, Associate Professor of Near Eastern Studies at Princeton, Global Discourse, Vol. 3, No. 1
The absence of a large… might well be one of them.
Extinction.
Thomas Barnett 11, Professor, Warfare Analysis and Research Dept – U.S. Naval War College, 3/7, http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/8099/the-new-rules-leadership-fatigue-puts-u-s-and-globalization-at-crossroads
Events in Libya are a further reminder … from state-based conflicts.
Oversight won’t restrict drone use – aff solvency is theoretical at best
Joyner 7/27 – managing editor of the Atlantic Council, popular political blogger
James, “Oversight or Not, Drones Are Here to Stay”, 2013, http://www.acus.org/new_atlanticist/oversight-or-not-drones-are-here-stay, CMR
In "The Imperial Presidency: Drone Power and Congressional Oversight… is likely to continue for the foreseeable future.
Drone court is just a rubber stamp
Bergen and Rowland 2013 - Director of the National Security Studies Program at the New America Foundation (Summer, Peter and Jennifer, “Drone Wars,” The Washington Quarterly • 36:3 pp. 7-26 https://csis.org/files/publication/TWQ_13Summer_Bergen-Rowland.pdf)
Another proposed …who it can kill with a drone.
Drone Prolif
All their “precedent” evidence relies on the assertion that there’s a causal link between U.S. drone doctrine and other’ countries choices---that’s not true---no tangible evidence
Kenneth Anderson 11, Professor of International Law at American University, 10/9/11, “What Kind of Drones Arms Race Is Coming?,” http://www.volokh.com/2011/10/09/what-kind-of-drones-arms-race-is-coming/#more-51516
New York Times national …technologies that are … more discriminating.
- No impact —aggressors don’t have the intel or experience to be capable of attack
Admiral Dennis Blair, Former Director of National Intelligence, “U.S. Drone Strike Policies: Speakers: Admiral Dennis Blair, Former Director of National Intelligence, and Micah Zenko, Douglas Dillon Fellow,” Conversation at CFR, January 22, 2013.
OPERATOR: Our next question comes …. measures in the future.
2. No prolif – no major prolif over next 10 years – too costly and not effective enough
Micah Zenko, Douglas Dillon fellow in the Center for Preventive Action (CPA) at the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR). “Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies,” CPA at CFR, Council Special Report No. 65, January 2013.
Based on current trends, … drones in the near term.
Drone prolif doesn’t escalate
Singh ’12 Joseph Singh is a researcher at the Center for a New American Security, an independent and non-partisan organization that focuses on researching and analyzing national security and defense policies, also a research assistant at the Institute for Near East and Gulf Military Analysis (INEGMA) North America, is a War and Peace Fellow at the Dickey Center, a global research organization, “Betting Against a Drone Arms Race,” 8-13-12, http://nation.time.com/2012/08/13/betting-against-a-drone-arms-race/
Bold predictions of a coming … despite their arrival in large numbers.
Restricting the use of drones is impossible – unrestrained use is inevitable.
Steigerwald ‘13 (Lucy, “The Inevitability of Drones in the US and Abroad”, Anti War, 4-29-13, http://antiwar.com/blog/2013/04/29/the-inevitability-of-drones-in-the-u-s-and-abroad/, RSR)
The proliferation of drones … surveillance at home.
intervening actors prevent escalation through dialogue
Sieg 9/23 – writer for Reuters
(Linda, “Japan, China military conflict seen unlikely despite strain”, http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/09/23/us-china-japan-confrontation-idUSBRE88M0F220120923, dml)
(Reuters) - Hawkish Chinese commentators … does not get out of control."
Terrorism
Terrorism is not an existential threat
Fettweis 10Christopher J. Fettweis, Assistant Professor of Political Science at Tulane University, “Threat and Anxiety in US Foreign Policy,” Survival, 52:2, 59-82, March 25th 2010, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00396331003764603
Even terrorists equipped … overreaction, can accomplish that.
No correlation between drone use and recruitment levels.
Etzioni 13, Professor of International Relations @ George Washington University
(AimtaiEtzioni, senior adviser to the Carter administration, “Everything Libertarians and Liberals Get Wrong About Drones”, The Atlantic, 4/30/13, http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2013/04/everything-libertarians-and-liberals-get-wrong-about-drones/275356/)
Some critics worry that … arrival (for instance in Pakistan).
Solvency
Drones prevent US retrenchment
Michael A. Reynolds 13, Associate Professor of Near Eastern Studies at Princeton, Global Discourse, Vol. 3, No. 1
The absence of a large… might well be one of them.
Extinction.
Thomas Barnett 11, Professor, Warfare Analysis and Research Dept – U.S. Naval War College, 3/7, http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/8099/the-new-rules-leadership-fatigue-puts-u-s-and-globalization-at-crossroads
Events in Libya are a further reminder … from state-based conflicts.
Oversight won’t restrict drone use – aff solvency is theoretical at best
Joyner 7/27 – managing editor of the Atlantic Council, popular political blogger
James, “Oversight or Not, Drones Are Here to Stay”, 2013, http://www.acus.org/new_atlanticist/oversight-or-not-drones-are-here-stay, CMR
In "The Imperial Presidency: Drone Power and Congressional Oversight… is likely to continue for the foreseeable future.
Drone court is just a rubber stamp
Bergen and Rowland 2013 - Director of the National Security Studies Program at the New America Foundation (Summer, Peter and Jennifer, “Drone Wars,” The Washington Quarterly • 36:3 pp. 7-26 https://csis.org/files/publication/TWQ_13Summer_Bergen-Rowland.pdf)
Another proposed …who it can kill with a drone.
