Tournament: Gsu | Round: 5 | Opponent: Emory Adler-Bontha | Judge: Atchison
Here’s an advocate—1AC Kesan and Haye’s evidence—permitting strikes is sufficient
Kesan and Hayes 12 Jay P. and Carol M., *Professor, H. Ross and Helen Workman Research Scholar, and Director of the Program in Intellectual Property and Technology Law, University of Illinois College of Law,  Research Fellow, University of Illinois College of Law, Mitigative Counterstriking: Self-defense and deterrence in cyberspace, Spring, 2012, Harvard Journal of Law and Technology, 25 Harv. J. Law and Tec 415

The weaknesses of the ... can be grounded in sound policy.

Clarifying the legal situation surrounding stuff is sufficient to solve offensive cyberconflict
Goldsmith 12 Jack, Henry L. Shattuck Professor @ Harvard Law School, where he teaches and writes about national security law, presidential power, cybersecurity, international law, internet law, foreign relations law, and conflict of laws, served as Assistant Attorney General, Office of Legal Counsel from 2003–2004, and Special Counsel to the Department of Defense from 2002–2003, member of the Hoover Institution Task Force on National Security and Law, 10/15, “The Significance of Panetta’s Cyber Speech and the Persistent Difficulty of Deterring Cyberattacks,” Lawfare, http://www.lawfareblog.com/2012/10/the-significance-of-panettas-cyber-speech-and-the-persistent-difficulty-of-deterring-cyberattacks/
The effectiveness of deterrence ... to, its threats to act are not credible.

Tournament: Gsu | Round: 8 | Opponent: Georgia Davis-Galerstein | Judge: Matheson
1NC

Multipolarity’s inevitable – economic realities make hegemony unsustainable.
Layne 12 Christopher Layne is professor and Robert M. Gates Chair in National Security at Texas A and M University’s George H. W. Bush School of Government and Public Service. His next book, for Yale University Press, is After the Fall: International Politics, U.S. Grand Strategy, and the End of the Pax Americana. The (Almost) Triumph of Offshore Balancing January 27, 2012 http://nationalinterest.org/commentary/almost-triumph-offshore-balancing-6405?page=1

The DSG is a response to two drivers. First, the United States …with a new reserve currency.

Heg doesn’t solve conflict.
Fettweis 11 Christopher, Prof. of Political Science – Tulane, Dangerous Times?: The International Politics of Great Power Peace Page 73-6

The primary attack on restraint, or justification … than ever before, no matter which country is strongest.

Retrenchment solves war.
MacDonald and Parent 11 Paul K. MacDonald is Assistant Professor of Political Science at Williams College. Joseph M. Parent is Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Miami. The Surprising Success of Great Power Retrenchment International Security, Vol. 35, No. 4 (Spring 2011), pp. 7–44

Contrary to these predictions, our analysis …strategic problems and risk unnecessary clashes.101 

Hegemony spurs proliferation.
Monteiro 12 Nuno P., Assistant Professor of Political Science at Yale University. , International Security Volume 36, Number 3, Winter 2011/12

What, then, is the value of … requires unequaled self-restraint. End Page 40

Prolif means small conflicts go nuclear.
Sokolski 9, executive director of the Nonproliferation Policy Education Center, serves on the U.S. congressional Commission on the Prevention of Weapons of Mass Destruction Proliferation and Terrorism, (Henry, Avoiding a Nuclear Crowd, Policy Review June and July, http://www.hoover.org/publications/policyreview/46390537.html)

At a minimum, such developments will be a… abolition, nor their critics, would ever want.

First, China’s rise isn’t a threat to U.S. interests.
Allin and Jones 6/22 Dana H., Editor of Survival and Senior Fellow for Transatlantic Affairs at The International Institute for Strategic Studies, and Erik, Professor and Director of European Studies, Johns Hopkins SAIS Director, Bologna Institute for Policy Research Head of Europe, Oxford Analytica Adelphi Series Conclusion: Realist Dilemmas Version of record first published: 22 Jun 2012 Adelphi Series, 52:430-431, 183-198

Getting  the  balance  right  is  obviously  … adjust its own strategic planning  and posture.

But pursuing primacy ensures escalating rivalry.
White 12 Hugh White is Professor of Strategic Studies at the ANU, America’s choices about China August 5th, 2012 http://www.eastasiaforum.org/2012/08/05/america-s-choices-about-china/

Washington’s message to Beijing is that …China is close to a certainty.

Iran containment backfiresand is unsustainable
 Wehrey  9   Frederic Wehrey  et al  RAND , 2009        Dangerous but not omnipotent : exploring the reach and limitations
of Iranian power in the Middle East     http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/2009/RAND_MG781.pdf
Although an inclusive multilateral …political and economic engagement. 

Iran Containment empirically fails and can’t solve proxy wars
Bromund  11   Ted R. Bromund, Ph.D.,Senior Research Fellow in the Margaret Thatcher Center for Freedom, a division of the Kathryn and Shelby Cullom Davis Institute for International Studies, at The Heritage Foundation. James Phillips is Senior Research Fellow for Middle Eastern Affairs in the Douglas and Sarah Allison Center for Foreign Policy Studies, a division of the Davis Institute, at The Heritage Foundation.    February 14, 2011   Backgrounder No. 2517     Containing a Nuclear Iran: Difficult, Costly, and Dangerous    http://thf_media.s3.amazonaws.com/2011/pdf/bg2517.pdf
The 1991 Gulf War, which … Iran’s nuclear program.        

2NC
If we win collapse is inevitable, vote neg on the risk that sustaining heg in the short-term causes backlash and war.
Layne 7 Christopher, Associate Professor in the Bush School of Government and Public Service at Texas AandM University and Research Fellow with the Center on Peace and Liberty at The Independent Institute,"The Case Against the American Empire," American Empire: A Debate

The United States has a hegemony …America's next grand strategy.

Retrenchment now is key to maintain any future influence.
Maher 11 Richard, IR at Brown, The Paradox of American Unipolarity: Why the United States May Be Better Off in a Post-Unipolar World, Orbis Volume 55, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 53–68

It still remains inevitable that America's … be able to preserve and in some cases even expand its influence in this new era.

Specifically, Iran proliferating now
Heinonen and Henderson, 13 (Simon Henderson is the Baker Fellow and director of the Gulf and Energy Policy Program at The Washington Institute. Olli Heinonen is a senior fellow at the Harvard Kennedy School's Belfer Center and a former deputy director-general for safeguards at the IAEA. Rouhani and Iran's Nuclear Progress. http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/view/rouhani-and-irans-nuclear-progress)
Uranium enrichment. Iran continues to enrich … direction and progress of nuclear negotiations with Iran.
Mid east proliferation causes nuclear war.
Heisbourg ’12, Francois Heisbourg, Chairman of the International Institute for Strategic Studies, prof at the Geneva Center for Security Policy, July 2012, “How Bad Would the Further Spread of Nuclear Weapons Be?”, http://www.npolicy.org/userfiles/file/oving20Beyond20Pretense20web20version.pdf#page=182
Human societies tend to lack the imagination to think through, … proliferation and nonproliferation prospects.

Iran proliferation is uniquely destabilizing  -- multiple actors. 
Joshi, 13 (Shashank, Research Fellow of the Royal United Services Institute. IV. THE IMPLICATIONS OF A NUCLEAR IRAN. Whitehall Papers Volume 79, Issue 1, 2012 Special Issue: The Permanent Crisis: Iran's Nuclear Trajectory.)
 First, nuclear deterrence depends on attribution. Only … miscommunication, or some other pathology’.93

Retrenchment solves.
Mearsheimer 10 John J. Mearsheimer is the R. Wendell Harrison Distinguished Service Professor of Political Science at the University of Chicago. He is on the Advisory Council of The National Interest, and his most recent book, Why Leaders Lie: The Truth About Lying in International Politics, was published in January 2011 by Oxford University Press. Imperial by Design December 16, 2010 http://nationalinterest.org/article/imperial-by-design-4576

Offshore balancing is also a better policy than … for keeping proliferation in check.

Iran is ready for a grand bargain that would end Iran’s nuclear program in exchange—retrenchment key to solve
Walt 13 (Stephen M. Walt is the Robert and Renée Belfer professor of international relations at Harvard University. Congress to Iran: Drop Dead. http://walt.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2013/08/05/congress_to_iran_drop_dead)
About six weeks ago, I wrote a blog post about the election … about anything concerning the Middle East.

Iran’s military is a joke – we can deter them from afar.
Friedman 12 Benjamin H. Friedman is a Research Fellow in Defense and Homeland Security Studies at the Cato Institute. Iran's Bluster Proves Its Weakness. This article appeared in The Atlantic on January 9, 2012

The obviousness of Iran's bluster suggests … could do so from the sea.
Allies can’t solve—US commitments cause free riding
Walt 12 Stephen, IR – Harvard, Connecting the dots, Foreign Policy, 7/18/2012, http://walt.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2012/07/18/connecting_the_dots

Item #4: A new report by the Project …well-being and strength as a nation.

Escalates and goes nuclear.
White 11 Mr. Hugh White is professor of strategic studies at the Australian National University in Canberra and a visiting fellow at the Lowy Institute in Sydney. The Obama Doctrine WSJ, 11/25/11 http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204452104577057660524758198.html 

One risk is that escalating … clash might be dangerously unclear and disastrously low.

Retrenchment solves Asian war.
Friedman and Logan 12 Benjamin H. research fellow in defense and homeland security studies at the Cato Institute, and Justin, director of foreign policy studies at the Cato Institute, Why the U.S. Military Budget is ‘Foolish and Sustainable’, Orbis, Volume 56, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 177–191, February 2012

Chinese efforts to engage in old-fashioned … slacken China's hunger for the dollars of American consumers.
Attempts at containment ensure war.
Clemens 12 Walter C. Clemens, Jr. is Professor of Political Science, Boston University, and Associate, Harvard University Davis Center for Russian and Eurasian Studies. This article originally appeared in Global Asia here. Why Pick a Fight With China? May 05, 2012 http://thediplomat.com/2012/05/05/why-pick-a-fight-with-china/?all=true

Having achieved little and lost much in Iraq … no sane person could welcome.

Retrenchment key to solve China war.
Layne 12 Christopher, IR at Texas AandM, The National Interest - April 25, 2012, nationalinterest.org/article/world-transformation-6794

Certainly, the Chinese have not forgotten. Now … between the two powers.

Only attempts at containment trigger China buildup.
Monteiro 11 Nuno,   I’m an assistant professor of political science at Yale. My research and teaching focus on international politics and security. My commentary covers books, ideas, academia, and current events in international relations. Read more or follow me on twitter. What Would a Chinese Hegemon Look Like?  21June201  http://www.nunomonteiro.org/what-would-a-chinese-hegemon-look-like

Friedberg acknowledges en passant ... appetite for influence.

Forward deployments crushes relations.
Klare 11 Michael T. Klare, Nation defense correspondent, is professor of peace and world security studies at Hampshire College.... Playing With Fire: Obama's Risky Oil Threat to China  December 6, 2011   This article originally appeared at TomDispatch.com. To stay on top of important articles like these, sign up to receive the latest updates from TomDispatch.com. Click here to listen to the author discuss the American military build-up in the Pacific.

Such thinking, with its distinctly ... war in Asia in 2011.

They’re wrong
Johnston ’13, Alastair Iain Johnston, Harvard Professor of China in World Affairs, Spring 2013, “How New and Assertive Is China’s New Assertiveness,” http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/publication/22951/how_new_and_assertive_is_chinas_new_assertiveness.html?breadcrumb=2Ftopic2F162Finternational_security_and_defense3Fpage3D14
There has been a rapidly spreading meme ... of this effect as a Sino-U.S. security dilemma emerges.

3. Their list of vague impacts is academic junk – you should correct for cognitive bias.
Fettweis 11 Political Science – Tulane, 9/26/11, Free Riding or Restraint? Examining European Grand Strategy, Comparative Strategy, 30:316–332, EBSCO

Assertions that without the combination …with or without the United States.
Barnett is a hack and paid off by weapons contractors—heg just leads to war
Robb 5 John, expert military analyst who has consulted the DoD, JCS, House Armed Services Committee, and CIA; “Barnett's Neo-Conservative Redux” John Robb’s Weblog; December 14, 2005; http://globalguerrillas.typepad.com/johnrobb/2005/12/barnetts_neocon.html
Thomas Barnett, an author and an evangelist for a military contractor, is …of grief, blood, and red ink.

Tournament: Gsu | Round: 3 | Opponent: Michigan State Brown-Placitis | Judge: Struth
Text: The United States Federal Government should require Congressional authorization prior to initiating warfare except in the case of Iran unless to repel attacks on the United States.

Aff causes an Israeli strike – deferring action now because they believe in US strikes
Singh, 12 (Michael  Singh  is managing director of the Washington Institute for Near East Policy and¶ served as senior director for Middle Eastern affairs on the National Security Council staff from¶ 20072008. He was also director for Iran at the NSC from 20062007 and special assistant to¶ secretaries of state Colin Powell and Condoleezza Rice from 20042005. To Keep the Peace with¶ Iran, Threaten to Strike. http://xa.yimg.com/kq/groups/22143767/487260743/name/singh+to+keep+peace+threaten+iran.pdf)
A  key  consideration  for  Israeli ... military threat be credible.

US assurances that it is able and willing to deal with Iran prevents Israel strikes
Steven Simon, adjunct senior fellow for Middle Eastern studies at the Council for Foreign Relations, Nov 2009
(An Israeli Strike on Iran CPA Contingency Planning Memorandum No. 5,
http://www.cfr.org/publication/20637/israeli_strike_on_iran.html?breadcrumb=2Findex)
Israeli leaders have stated ... relationship, to be persuasive.  

Israeli strike on Iran triggers world war III.
Reuveny, 10 (Rafael Reuveny is a professor in the School of Public and Environmental Affairs at Indiana University. Con: Unilateral strike could trigger World War III, global depression,  http://gazettextra.com/news/2010/aug/07/con-unilateral-strike-could-trigger-world-war-iii-/#sthash.tGUOoSDf.dpuf)
A unilateral Israeli strike on ... Israeli strike could ultimately spark World War III.

Tournament: Gsu | Round: 3 | Opponent: Michigan State Brown-Placitis | Judge: Struth
Executive self-restraint is key to preserve the ability to respond to crises.
Pildes 12 Richard H., Sudler Family Professor of Constitutional Law, NYU School of Law and Co-Director, NYU Center on Law and Security. 2/27/12 BOOK REVIEWS  LAW AND THE PRESIDENT  THE EXECUTIVE UNBOUND: AFTER THE MADISONIAN REPUBLIC. By Eric  A. Posner and Adrian Vermeule. New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press.  2010. Pp. 249. $29.95. New York University Public Law and Legal Theory Working Papers

First, they argue, a President unbound ...  so will produce better outcomes. 

Congressional restrictions cause adversaries to doubt the resolve of U.S. deterrence – causes crisis escalation.
Waxman 8/25 Matthew Waxman 8/25/13, Professor of Law – Columbia and Adjunct Senior Fellow for Law and Foreign Policy – CFR, “The Constitutional Power to Threaten War,” Forthcoming in Yale Law Journal, vol. 123, August 25, 2013, SSRN

A claim previously advanced from a presidentialist perspective ... confrontation which might escalate.179

Tournament: Gsu | Round: 2 | Opponent: Georgetown Engler-McCoy | Judge: Schultz
1NC
Increased Turkish influence leads to several scenarios for Turkey-Russia war
Bhalla et. al. 9 Reva, Director of Analysis, Middle East and South Asia Analyst, Director of Latin American Operations, STRATFOR; bachelors of political science, UT Austin; masters in security studies, Georgetown; and Lauren Goodrich, Senior Eurasia Analyst, STRATFOR; Russian Peace Foundation; degree for UT Austin; and Peter Zeihan, Analyst, Vice President of Analysis, STRATFOR; US Embassy Australia; Office Coordinator, Center for Political and Strategic Studies; masters in political and economic development, Patterson School of Diplomacy;  postgraduate in Asian Studies, University of Otago; bachelors in political science, Truman State; “Turkey and Russia on the Rise” STRATFOR, March 17, 2009 http://www.stratfor.com/weekly/20090317_turkey_ and_russia_rise
There are four zones of overlapping interest … begin to reach for the real prize in Central Asia.

Turkey-Russia conflict evolves into great power conflict
Cecire 12-17-10 Michael Hikari, analyst; Peace Corps Volunteer; Managing Editor, Evolutsia.net; writer for Caspian Business Journal, London Telegraph, World Politics Review, and TCS Daily “A Turkey V. Russia Showdown” Eurasia Review, December 17, 2010 http://www.eurasiareview.com/analysis/a-turkey-v-russia-showdown-17122010/
Turkey, a NATO member state and a budding … larger, transcontinental war involving NATO and other major powers.

Turkish influence causes rights abuses against Armenians
Sassounian 10 Harout, “Growing Turkish Influence in Middle East Leads to Restrictions in Armenian Rights” Asbarez, June 18, 2010 http://asbarez.com/82267/growing-turkish-influence-in-middle-east-leads-to-restrictions-in-armenian-rights/
Turkey’s growing influence in the Middle East, … decades, as a close military ally of Israel.

Failure to resolve the Armenian issue causes Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, escalates to great power war
Geisweller 9 Barnabe F., Columbia U “War in the Caucasus” World Press December 4, 2009 http://www.world press.org/Europe/3459.cfm
War was once again on the horizon in … shows how easily war could return to the Caucasus. 

And stopping the Armenian genocide is d-rule
PanArmenian 8 “Adam Schiff: Genocide recognition is our moral imperative” PanArmenian April 25, 2008 http://www.panarmenian.net/eng/world/news/25797/
"I'm Congressman Adam Schiff and I'm very proud to represent one of the largest Armenian communities in the country. Ninety-three years ago, a million and a half … survivors to see justice done in their name." 

Turkish influence kills EU Balkan influence and Balkan accession
Alic 10 Anes, executive director, ISA Intel; senior analyst, ISN Security Watch; contributor, Oxford Analytica “Turkey’s Growing Influence in the Balkans” Oil Price June 9, 2010 http://oilprice.com/Geo-Politics/Europe/Turkeys-Growing-Influence-in-the-Balkans.html
Turkey’s desire to position itself as the regional leader .. that there is a price to pay for having lost interest in the region after 2001. 

EU influence key to Balkan stability—brink is now
Schilly 9 Otto, former Federal Minister of the Interior, Germany;  "If the EU reneges on Balkan enlargement it's at its own peril" Europe's World Autumn, 2009  http://www.europesworld.org/NewEnglish/Home_old/Article/ tabid/191/ArticleType/ArticleView/ArticleID/21490/IftheEUrenegesonBalkanenlargementitsatitsownperil.aspx
Without strong and credible EU hopes, the … given fresh impetus. 

Extinction
Chicago Daily 99 May 9, “Dogs of War,” Lexis
We need to stop the war and return ..resulting in nuclear war and incalculable self-destruction.
2NC

Turkish influence leads to Turkey-Russia War over the Gagauz
Goble 12-22 Paul, Director of Research and Publications, Azerbaijan Diplomatic Academy; vice dean for the social sciences and humanities, Audentes U; Carnegie Endowment for International Peace; Senior Research Associate, EuroCollege, U of Tartu; worked in US State Department, CIA, International Broadcasting Bureau;  Writes for VOA, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty “Growing Turkish Influence Among Gagauz Threatens Russian Interests” Eurasia Review, December 22, 2010 http://www.eurasiareview .com/analysis/growing-turkish-influence-among-gagauz-threatens-russian-interests-22122010/
Turkey’s use of “soft power” among the 250,000 Gagauz … the near future, it may be “already too late.”

Cecire 12-17-10 Michael Hikari, analyst; Peace Corps Volunteer; Managing Editor, Evolutsia.net; writer for Caspian Business Journal, London Telegraph, World Politics Review, and TCS Daily “A Turkey V. Russia Showdown” Eurasia Review, December 17, 2010 http://www.eurasiareview.com/analysis/a-turkey-v-russia-showdown-17122010/
According to the piece, Turkish leadership during the 2008 war … Russia should begin to prepare itself.

Increased influence kills accession
Paul 11 Amanda, “Turkey riding high” Today’s Zaman, February 2, 2011 http://www.todayszaman.com/ columnist-234198-turkey-riding-high.html
While Ba??? gave assurances that Ankara remains committed … Turkey is not Iceland or Serbia. 

EU accession solves WWIII
Laciner 9 Sedat, ISRO Director and Onsekiz Mart University IR Lecturer; “Turkey's EU Membership: EU's Identity Crisis” Turkish Weekly; December 22, 2009; http://www.turkishweekly.net/columnist/3251/
Today’s situation is not different … of the coexistence of Christians and Muslims.

Turkish model  doesn’t help Middle East peace
Kalin 11 Ibrahim, columnist, Today’s Zaman; winner, Turkish Writer’s Association, Best Writer; “Is Turkey a Model for the Arab World?”  Today’s Zaman February 11, 2011 http://www.todayszaman.com/columnist-235227-is-turkey-a-model-for-the-arab-world.html
Secondly, conceiving a model for … policies in their own countries.