Tournament: UNLV | Round: 2 | Opponent: - | Judge: -
The harms of the 1AC are merely subsets of an unawakened anxiety that exists at our core—panic over death prevents us from living
Loy, 3
(David Robert Loy is a professor, writer, and Zen teacher in the Sanbo Kyodan tradition of Japanese Zen Buddhism. “The Great Awakening” pg. 19-20) Henge
“Suffering,” the usual English translation for dukkha, is not very enlightening,
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lurk around every corner, because any little accident could be our last.
Identity is constructed by the ego—we must see through the human self to discover the fictitious nature of existence
Loy, 3
(David Robert Loy is a professor, writer, and Zen teacher in the Sanbo Kyodan tradition of Japanese Zen Buddhism. “The Great Awakening” pg. 10-11) Henge
The earliest ethnographers in the South Paci?c—many of them Christian missionaries—encountered
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, liberating breakthroughs of all time, and it happened in ours.5

This anxious egoism makes violence inevitable
Ikeda 07 (Daisaku Ikeda President, Soka Gakkai International January 26, 2007 “Restoring the Human Connection: The First Step to Global Peace” http://www.sgi-usa.org/newsandevents/docs/peace2007.pdf) Dabo
The challenge of preventing any further proliferation of nuclear weapons is just such a trial
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certain sense makes inevitable the birth of such demonic progeny as nuclear weapons.
Vote negative to shed the ego
This is a path of self-transformation that recognizes the interpermeation of all beings—we must assimilate the postmodern insight of the fictive self
Loy, 3
(David Robert Loy is a professor, writer, and Zen teacher in the Sanbo Kyodan tradition of Japanese Zen Buddhism. “The Great Awakening” pg. 4-6) Henge
In contrast, the early Buddhist teachings focus almost exclusively on the path of self
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, that Indian thought never felt the Western need to differentiate between them.

Realizing the nonduality of existence allows us to quit striving to fill the void—we become like a refreshing spring that gushes out of our core—this liberation from the lack is true freedom and enlightenment
Loy, 3
(David Robert Loy is a professor, writer, and Zen teacher in the Sanbo Kyodan tradition of Japanese Zen Buddhism. “The Great Awakening” pg. 30-31) Henge
Perhaps the meaning of “blown out” is better understood in terms of what
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no need to ask why you take care of your own body.19

Tournament: Gonzaga | Round: 2 | Opponent: - | Judge: -
No blowback effect
Johnston 2012 (Patrick B. Johnston Does Decapitation Work? Assessing the Effectiveness of Leadership Targeting in Counterinsurgency Campaigns, International Security 36:4 (Spring 2012): 47-79. http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1162/ISEC_a_00076, bs)
There is little evidence of a “blowback effect.” As the blowback hypothesis would
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underlies my key findings on the effects of leadership decapitation in counterinsurgency operations.
Drone courts can’t solve high value targets—too slow and no Constitutional authority
Rosen 2013 (JEFFREY ROSEN, legal affairs editor for newrepublic.com FEBRUARY 11, 2013,Courting Disaster, A new idea to limit drone strikes could actually legitimize them, http://www.newrepublic.com/article/112392/drone-courts-congress-should-exercise-oversight-instead# , bs)
Although the Supreme Court has been most sympathetic to bold claims about executive power when
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the president from exercising his war powers without getting judicial approval in advance.
Drones stop terrorism
Byman, 2013 (Daniel, Foreign Affairs, The Case for Washington’s¶ Weapon of Choice, Why Drones Work, Volume 92 Number 4, July/August 2013, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/139453/daniel-byman/why-drones-work bs)
The Obama administration relies on drones for one simple reason: they work. According
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forcing the group to choose between having no leaders and risking dead leaders.
Drone Courts won’t improve accountability—completely secretive
Mulrine 2013 (Anna Mulrine, Staff writer , Would a US and#39;drone courtand#39; to authorize drone strikes be a good idea? / May 24, 2013http:www.csmonitor.com/USA/DC-Decoder/2013/0524/Would-a-US-drone-court-to-authorize-drone-strikes-be-a-good-idea-video bs)
Critics of the drone program, however, are generally not reassured by the notion
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,” he added, “and I haven’t been able to do it.” 

The US has tried to diplomatically influence drone prolif—doesn’t work
GAO, 12
(Government Accountability Office. MTCR=Missile Technology Control Regime. “Agencies Could Improve Information Sharing and End-Use Monitoring on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Exports” http://dronewarsuk.files.wordpress.com/2012/09/us-gao-_-noproliferation-of-uavs.pdf) Henge
The United States has used multilateral and bilateral diplomacy to address UAV technology advances and
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six UAV-related changes to the MTCR Annex and members accepted one.
US action won’t change anything—other countries find drone use logical
Wittes and Singh 2013 (Benjamin Wittes and Ritika Singh, Drones Are a Challenge — and an Opportunity, How Drones Are Changing Warfare, January 11, 2013, http://www.cato-unbound.org/2012/01/11/benjamin-wittes-ritika-singh/drones-are-challenge-opportunity, bs)
The logic of these weapons is so overpowering, both as a means of conducting
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United States is going to be ahead of this curve or behind it.

The court just defers to the executive anyway
Benson 2013 (Pam, Feburuary 9th 2013, Drone court considered, http://security.blogs.cnn.com/2013/02/09/legislators-consider-new-court-to-oversee-drone-strike-decisions/ bs)
Creating a similar type of court to oversee lethal actions taken overseas may be easier
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the welfare, the well being of American citizensand#34; from terrorist attacks.
Their McKelvey evidence says the aff is modeled off FISA—those prove the aff can’t solve
Greenwald 5/3/2013  (Glenn, journalist, former constitutional litigator,  The bad joke called and#39;the FISA courtand#39; shows how a and#39;drone courtand#39; would work  Friday 3 May 2013 11.28 EDT  http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2013/may/03/fisa-court-rubber-stamp-drones bs)
The rationale offered is the same as what was used to justify the Fisa court
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less of a mindless rubber-stamp than the Fisa court already is? 

Except for a handful of brave judges who take seriously their constitutionally assigned role of
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to replicate its behavior in the context of presidential executions is really mystifying.

Tournament: Gonzaga | Round: 2 | Opponent: - | Judge: -
First, criticizing Obama for his drone policy ignores the broader history of white supremacist violence and is complicit in a racist system of privilege that oppresses marginalized communities every single day

Lawyer in 2013
(Rad-Femme, practicing litigator living in Chicago, “Drone Policy is the Most Important Racism”, http://thisweekinblackness.com/2013/07/25/drone-policy-is-the-most-important-racism/, rcheek)

Salon’s arc of fail last week began with David Sirota’s meditation that “we are
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them as such. Remind me how that, itself, isn’t racist?
And, Racism is the root cause of violence
Foucault 76 (Michel, Society Must be Defended: Lectures at the College de France, 1975-1976, p. 254-257 Trans. David Macey, MV)

What in fact is racism? It is primarily a way of introducing a break
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half of the nineteenth century), except by activating the theme of racism.
The alternative is to vote negative to speak out against the racism embedded in the 1AC criticism of Obama’s drone policy.
Only by speaking out against racism can we hope to eliminate it. Privileging their exaggerated impact scenarios sustains the dominant structures that make institutional racism inevitable

IRC in 2006
(InterReligious Council of Central New York, http://www.irccny.org/programs/cwd/racism/fr_session5.php, rcheek)

According to this view, we must work to improve racial understanding, end prejudice
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carefully at our institutions, and make the needed changes at all levels.

Tournament: UNLV | Round: 6 | Opponent: - | Judge: -
State action is gendered – locks in power hierarchies of masculine domination
Connell 90 R. W. (Professor of Education at the University of Sydney in Australia.)“The State, Gender, and Sexual Politics: Theory and Appraisal” Theory and Society, Vol. 19, No. 5, pp. 507-544 http://www.jstor.org/stable/657562 {Shoell}

The second component of a gender regime is a structure of power. More feminist
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are elected in substantial numbers to positions of real power, is Scandinavia.
Our discourse in debate is highly gendered. Equality will never be achieved while these “old boy” traditions remain. The critical engagement presented by the Neg is key to equality in debate.
Griffin and Raider 89. J. Cinder, Holly Jane. Women in High School Debate. 1989 - Punishment Paradigms : Pros and Cons http://groups.wfu.edu/debate/MiscSites/DRGArticles/GriffinandRaider1989PunishmentPar.htm {Shoell}

Performance pressure effects selection of events and argument preference as well.11 In general
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to attain this goal or the "old boy" traditions will remain.

Academic articles in debate tend to adopt an “expert voice” and exclude personal experiences of the authors. Only a joining of autoreflexion and analysis of debate culture enables us to change oppression. We must remove ourselves from only the role as the observer, and become participants in our movement
Allen, Orbe, and Olivas 99 Brenda J. University of Colorado Denver Professor and Associate Vice Chancellor for Diversity and Inclusion. Mark P. Ph.D., Ohio University) conducts research in interpersonal communication, co-cultural communication, intergroup relations, African American communication, mass media representations of underrepresented group members, negotiation/intersection of multiple cultural identities. Margarita Refugia, PHD Professional Communication and Diversity Training, Diversity in Course Curriculum Development Training communication theory. “the complexity of or tears” http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1111/j.1468-2885.1999.tb00206.x/asset/j.1468-2885.1999.tb00206.x.pdf?v=1andt=hbwkq260ands=25f16f42e1a620eea442fe3a5ffd80e022896360 {Shoell}

Clear norms regulate traditional conceptualizations of academic writing, especially that which is published in
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the time, we were setting the stage for ¶ dialogue to emerge.

The debate community pushes women out of the activity for trying to be a part of something where they don’t “belong” – debate is a men’s game meant to exclude “nice girls”, who should be in a less competitive, less aggressive extra-curricular. Debate is a model of the real world and the exclusion of women from the activity because they don’t fit into pre-conceived gender roles designs our future participation in policy discourse
Griffin and Raider 89. J. Cinder, Holly Jane. Women in High School Debate. 1989 - Punishment Paradigms : Pros and Cons http://groups.wfu.edu/debate/MiscSites/DRGArticles/GriffinandRaider1989PunishmentPar.htm {Shoell}

'I don't usually vote for girl debaters because debate really is a boy's activity.
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rate of female debaters results in the male dominated composition of the activity.

Us-them dichotomies empirically lead to genocide and displacement of populations – privileging reason over experience and detachment over engagement encourages a violent competition for power where the disadvantage are inevitably excluded and exterminated
Simpson 95 Chris, scholar in Human Rights and the merits of Democracy. Common Courage Press, “The Splendid Blond Beast” 1995. http://www.thirdworldtraveler.com/Genocide/SplendidBlondeBeast.html {Shoell}

Friedrich Nietzsche called the aristocratic predators who write society's laws "the splendid blond beast
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, and other rewards for their active or tacit complicity in the crime.

The alt is to reject the masculine underpinnings of the 1ac and engage in a critical examination of how we, through our interactions with others, create hidden assumptions of what “good” debate is and exclude women from the intellectual opportunities that training in debate provides. We can no longer afford to engage in complacency while the activity loses its validity and increase the rights violations that it so frequently indicts.
Bjork 92, Rebecca S, former University of Utah debater. Symposium: Women in Debate: Reflections on the Ongoing Struggle
http://groups.wfu.edu/debate/MiscSites/DRGArticles/Oudingetal1992Pollution.htm {Shoell}

But what I am most tired of is how women debaters are marginalized and rendered
AND
do so, we give up the only real power that we have.

Tournament: Weber | Round: 2 | Opponent: - | Judge: -
*I am not comfortable putting my narrative online, but please feel free to email me and I will send it to you. I talk about my experiences as a female debater.

The perception that women in debate are either “bitchy” or “too passive” leads to women perceiving that they have to “overcome” their femininity to be successful. This denies women our identity and violently excludes us from the activity. An entire gender does not fit into debate, this alone should necessitate a change in the community.
Hobbs 92, Lisa, former University of North Carolina debater. Symposium: Women in Debate: Reflections on the Ongoing Struggle http://groups.wfu.edu/debate/MiscSites/DRGArticles/Oudingetal1992Pollution.htm {Shoell}

Unfortunately, the message I received in high school followed me throughout my debate experience
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debate, we consider changing the practices of debate, not the people.

Our discourse in debate is highly gendered. Equality will never be achieved while these “old boy” traditions remain. The critical engagement presented by the Neg is key to equality in debate.
Griffin and Raider 89. J. Cinder, Holly Jane. Women in High School Debate. 1989 - Punishment Paradigms : Pros and Cons http://groups.wfu.edu/debate/MiscSites/DRGArticles/GriffinandRaider1989PunishmentPar.htm {Shoell}

Performance pressure effects selection of events and argument preference as well.11 In general
AND
to attain this goal or the "old boy" traditions will remain.
CEDA and NTD participation is overwhelmingly male—disproportionate to the participation of women in debate.
Matz and Bruschke 06 S. Irene, Associate Dean, College of Communications Associate Professor, Department of Human Communication Studies  California State University Fullerton. Jon, Ph.D.; Professor and Debate Coach, California State University Fullerton. Contemporary Argumentation and Debate, Vol. 27 (2006) 29. Gender Inequity In Debate, Legal And Business Professions. http://commfaculty.fullerton.edu/imatz/Research_Articles/Gender_Inequity/Gender_inequity_in_debate.htm {Shoell}

The best-studied events are the national championship tournaments, both the Cross
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of elimination round participants and 6.7 of speaker award recipients.

Women in debate are faced with the task of “proving” their worth, but the inequality existent in the community necessitates a higher threshold of competency for women due to their perceived lower levels of confidence. This leads to a self-perception as a “token female” and creates undue performance pressure. This excessive pressure is linked to high levels of female debater’s attrition.

Griffin and Raider 89. J. Cinder, Holly Jane. Women in High School Debate. 1989 - Punishment Paradigms : Pros and Cons http://groups.wfu.edu/debate/MiscSites/DRGArticles/GriffinandRaider1989PunishmentPar.htm {Shoell}

Pragmatically, there are certain cost benefit criteria that coaches on the high school level
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dominant group, but results as a consequence of simply being unique.10

The dichotomy forced upon women in debate dehumanizes and objectifies us. This impact outweighs all of their claims of cataclysms because it happens every day in the community and is not an imaginary, theoretical, or predictive idea. Rather it is a reality that we face and that leads to women exiting debate and missing out on the incredible opportunities that debate offers.
Ouding 92, Jenni, former University of Michigan debater. Symposium: Women in Debate: Reflections on the Ongoing Struggle http://groups.wfu.edu/debate/MiscSites/DRGArticles/Oudingetal1992Pollution.htm {Shoell}

"When men are aggressive in cross-x they look dominant; when women
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the decision of whether or not to debate in high school or college.

Patriarchal societies justify violence against women.
Lough 99 Thomas S. Kent State University Emeritus and Sonoma State University Human Ecology Forum 100 Human Ecology Review, Vol. 6, No. 2, Energy, Agriculture, Patriarchy and Ecocide1, 7064 Avenida Cala, Rohnert Park, CA 94928 USA http://www.humanecologyreview.org/pastissues/her62/62lough1.pdf {Shoell}

Some egalitarian societies have survived for centuries¶ (Leacock 1977, 1987), but
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centuries that can serve as an example of the process of violent coercion.

The alt is to and engage in a critical examination of how we, through our interactions with others, create hidden assumptions of what “good” debate is and exclude women from the intellectual opportunities that training in debate provides. We can no longer afford to engage in complacency while the activity loses its validity and increase the rights violations that it so frequently indicts.
Bjork 92, Rebecca S, former University of Utah debater. Symposium: Women in Debate: Reflections on the Ongoing Struggle
http://groups.wfu.edu/debate/MiscSites/DRGArticles/Oudingetal1992Pollution.htm {Shoell}

But what I am most tired of is how women debaters are marginalized and rendered
AND
do so, we give up the only real power that we have.

What we say in this round matters- change is only achieved by women actively try to rectify these wrongs. We cannot wait for the male-dominated system to change itself, but must act for ourselves. Debate and discussion inevitably leads to the changes that we predict. We will not be silenced any longer

Berkowitz 89 Sandra, Stafford, University of Minnesota. A Brief Comment About Women in Debate. 1989 - Punishment Paradigms : Pros and Cons http://groups.wfu.edu/debate/MiscSites/DRGArticles/Berkowitz1989Punishment.htm {Shoell}

A reply to an article usually begins with an overarching
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about and change the atmosphere in academic debate, then we have succeeded. The rest is up to you.

Tournament: Gonzaga | Round: 4 | Opponent: - | Judge: -
A. Interpretation: the affirmative must answer the question: Is the enactment of topical action by the USFG better than the status quo or a competitive option?

1. Resolved requires a policy action
   Louisiana House 2005, (3-8-5 http://house.louisiana.gov/house-glossary.htm 

2.  Should denotes an expectation of enacting a plan
American Heritage Dictionary – 2000 www.dictionary.com

3. The USFG is the government in Washington D.C.
Encarta Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia 2000 http://encarta.msn.com

B. Violation – The affirmative doesn’t enact a topical action by the USFG

C. Prefer our interpretation

1. The affirmatives action is out side the “game space of debate” which makes predictable research impossible and destroys dialogue in debate
   Hanghøj 2008 (Thorkild Hanghøj PhD, author affiliated with Danish Research Centre on Education and Advanced Media Materials PLAYFUL KNOWLEDGE An Explorative Study of Educational Gaming http://static.sdu.dk/mediafiles/Files/Information_til/Studerende_ved_SDU/Din_uddannelse/phd_hum/afhandlinger/2009/ThorkilHanghoej.pdf ) MT
   Debate games are often based on pre-designed scenarios that include descriptions of issues
   AND
   dialogue as an end in itself” (Wegerif, 2006: 61).

Tournament: Gonzaga | Round: 4 | Opponent: - | Judge: -
First, the aff inhibits freedom by supporting a technological and economic system that denies individuals the ability to go through the power process with real goals.
Kaczynski in 1995
(Theodore, former assistant professor at the University of California, Berkeley, PhD in mathematics from the University of Michigan, Industrial Society and its Future, http://www.42inc.com/~estephen/manifesto/unabe2.html)
94. By "freedom" we mean the opportunity to go through the power
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oversocialized leftist pays a heavy psychological price for his high level of socialization.
And, the aff is a leftist project that suffers from oversocialization. The drive to restore ethics and morality in society maintains the industrial-technological system and produces guilt and defeatism.

Kaczynski in 1995
(Theodore, former assistant professor at the University of California, Berkeley, PhD in mathematics from the University of Michigan, Industrial Society and its Future, http://www.42inc.com/~estephen/manifesto/unabe2.html)
24. Psychologists use the term "socialization" to designate the process by which
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how to make love, how to raise our kids and so forth. 

And, guilt expresses a hatred of this world that allows for a secret instinct of annihilation
Nietzsche,  1872 (Friedrich, philosopher, “The Birth of Tragedy” Online, MB)
Already in the preface addressed to Richard Wagner, art, and not morality,
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in the name of a Greek god: I called it Dionysian. —
And, the industrial-technological system will guarantee the enslavement and eventual extinction of all living organisms.

Kaczynski in 1995
(Theodore, former assistant professor at the University of California, Berkeley, PhD in mathematics from the University of Michigan, Industrial Society and its Future, http://www.42inc.com/~estephen/manifesto/unabe2.html)

171. But suppose now that industrial society does survive the next several decade and
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would be better to dump the whole stinking system and take the consequences. 

The alternative is to destroy the industrial-technological system.

Only a revolutionary strategy against modern technology can break down the system. Any perm would compromise the revolution by enabling technological solutions to other problems.

Kaczynski in 1995
(Theodore, former assistant professor at the University of California, Berkeley, PhD in mathematics from the University of Michigan, Industrial Society and its Future, http://www.42inc.com/~estephen/manifesto/unabe2.html)

180. The technophiles are taking us all on an utterly reckless ride into the
AND
not going to give good results, then those recommendations should be discarded.

Tournament: Gonzaga | Round: 4 | Opponent: - | Judge: -
METAPHORS ARE DESIGNED TO ESCAPE RATIONAL SCRUTINY—THIS REINFORCES DOMINANT ATTITUDES AND ENTRENCHES MYSTIFICATION

Balibar and Machery in 95
(Renee and Pierre, French Philosophers, Marxist Literacy Theory: A Reader. P.278 uw/mjs).

Thus the main function of the metaphorical fallacy is to exempt the advocated attitudes from
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one judges Heidegger's own personal involvement as an ideological legitimator of such ventures.
FURTHER MORE, THE ABSENCE OF STRUCTURAL HISTORICISM IS NO MERE OVERSIGHT, NOR IS IT ENOUGH TO SIMPLY MENTION ECONOMICS IN A FEW OF YOUR CARDS-- THE RELIANCE OF INDENTY-BASED POLITICS IS NOT AN ACCIDENTAL INSTANCE OF IGNORING CLASS.  THE DEMAND ARISES OUT OF THE CRISIS OF LIBERALISM—SUCH POLITICS PARTICULARIZES THE OPPRESSIONS OF CAPITALISM TO THE POINT THAT THE UNIVERSAL SYSTEM IS NATURALIZED.  ATTAINING WHITE, MALE BOURGEOISSE PRIVILEGE BECOMES THE BENCH-MARK OF POLITICAL SUCCESS, RE-ENTRENCHING THE VERY FOUNDATION OF THE SYSTEM

BROWN (Professor and Genius) 1993
Wendy, “Wounded Attachments”, Political Theory, Aug. p. 392-394wyo-tjc

Although this détente between universal and particular within liberalism is potted with volatile conceits,
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politicized subjectivity by neutralizing (re-depoliticizing) identity through normalizing practices.
As liberal discourse converts political identity into essentialized private interest, disciplinary power converts interest
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produced by capitalism in addition to that bound to the explicitly politicized marking.
NEXT, THE REDUCTION OF CLASS TO A NEUTRAL LEVEL AMONG A LONG LIST OF OTHER OPPRESSIONS SUCH AS RACE AND GENDER, DESTROYS THE EMANCIPATORY POTENTIAL OF CLASS TO REACH ACROSS ALL LINES OF INDENTITY AND FORGE POLITICAL ACTION.  CLASS MUST BE RECOGNIZED AS QUALITATIVELY MORE IMPORTANT—OTHERWISE THE SYSTEM IS ABLE TO SATISFY DEMANDS ON GROUNDS OF FORMAL EQUALITY, DESTROYING ATTEMPTS TO OVERCOME CAPITALIST OPPRESSION*

GIMENEZ (Prof. Sociology at UC Boulder) 2001
Martha, “Marxism and Class; Gender and Race”, Race, Gender and Class, Vol. 8, p. online: http://www.colorado.edu/Sociology/gimenez/work/cgr.html wyo-tjc

There are many competing theories of race, gender, class, American society,
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thirty six times (Andersen and Collins, 1995: 1-9).
I agree with the importance of learning from the experience of all groups, especially
AND
relations and interactions are "raced," "classed," and "gendered."
In the RGC perspective, race, gender and class are presented as equivalent systems
AND
anywhere from three or four to twelve "classes" can be identified).
Vote Negative to validate and adopt the method of structural/historical criticism that is the 1NC.

THIS IS NOT THE ALTERNATIVE, BUT IN TRUTH THE ONLY OPTION— METHOD IS THE FOREMOST POLITICAL QUESTION BECAUSE ONE MUST UNDERSTAND THE EXISTING SOCIAL TOTALITY BEFORE ONE CAN ACT ON IT—GROUNDING THE SITES OF POLITICAL CONTESTATION OR KNOWLEDGE OUTSIDE OF LABOR AND SURPLUS VALUE MERELY SERVE TO HUMANIZE CAPITAL AND PREVENT A TRANSITION TO A SOCIETY BEYOND OPPRESSION

TUMINO (Prof. English @ Pitt) 2001
Stephen, “What is Orthodox Marxism and Why it Matters Now More than Ever”, Red Critique, p. online wyo-tjc

Any effective political theory will have to do at least two things: it will
AND
determinism of corporate theory ("knowledge work") that masquerades as social theory.

Tournament: UNLV | Round: 6 | Opponent: - | Judge: -
First, policymaking methods are structured by the assumptions of white, male elites. Their analysis is predicated on an instrumental rationality that glosses over gender, race, class and sexuality as being tied to the prevailing relations of power and systemic oppression

Shaw in 2004
(Kathleen M., “Using Feminist Critical Policy Analysis in the Realm of Higher Education: The Case of Welfare Reform as Gendered Educational Policy”, Journal of Higher Education, Vol. 75, Issue 1, rcheek)

Feminist critical policy analysis has been most clearly articulated in the work of Catherine Marshall
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tied to prevailing relations of power" (1997a, p. 3).
And, roleplaying a state policymaker colludes with an imperialist agenda that maintains status quo power, privilege, and oppression by distancing debaters from real world participation in the political contexts we debate about. 

Reid-Brinkley in 2008
(Dr. Shanara Reid-Brinkley, University of Pittsburgh Department of Communications, “THE HARSH REALITIES OF “ACTING BLACK”: HOW AFRICAN-AMERICAN POLICY DEBATERS NEGOTIATE REPRESENTATION THROUGH RACIAL PERFORMANCE AND STYLE” 2008)

Mitchell observes that the stance of the policymaker in debate comes with a “sense
AND
of the “policymaker” and require their opponents to do the same.
The alternative is to reject policymaking.
Their method reproduces exceptionalist violence and oppression.  Vote negative to join a revolution in debate capable of instigating the critical consciousness necessary to avert immanent global disaster.
Spanos in 2004
(William V., professor @ Binghamton, printed in Joe Millers’ book “Cross-X” (pg. 467) 2004 and on edebate)

Dear Joe MIller, Yes, the statement about the American debate circuit you refer
AND
the blind arrogance of Bush Administration and his neocon policy makers is leading.

Tournament: UNLV | Round: 6 | Opponent: - | Judge: -
Text: We advocate the entirety of the 1AC sans the use of the words “terror”, “terrorist”, and “terrorism”.
The discourse of terrorism is a speech act, it is framed as a security threat to justify any measures.
Talbot ‘08
(Steven, Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Sociological Research Online 13(1)17 'Us' and 'Them': Terrorism, Conflict and (O)ther Discursive Formations, http://www.socresonline.org.uk/13/1/17.html)
Stern defines terrorism as ‘an act or threat of violence against non-combatants
AND
global neighbours rapaciously and are ready to pounce at first sign of weakness.

Tournament: Gonzaga | Round: 2 | Opponent: - | Judge: -
Terrorist groups have been weakened, but they could bounce back because of recent instability.
Labott, Elise, CNN Foreign Affairs reporter, and Dan Merica, CNN reporter. July 19th, 2013. “Upheavel and the redrawing of the terrorist lines in the Arab world.” CNN. http://security.blogs.cnn.com/2013/07/19/upheaval-and-the-redrawing-of-terrorist-lines-in-the-arab-world/ --Veeder
Terrorists today, he said, “have the largest safe haven and area of
AND
the region and less likely to carry out attack within the United States.
Court oversight prevents drones from effectively operating.
Boot, Max. The Jeane J. Kirkpatrick Senior Fellow in National Security Studies at the Council on Foreign Relations in New York  Feburary 11th, 2013. “A Drone court is a terrible idea.” Commentary Magazine. http://www.commentarymagazine.com/2013/02/11/a-drone-court-is-a-terrible-idea-fisa-terroris/ --Veeder
There is no doubt that putting judicial imprimatur on such strikes would help to dissipate
AND
force abroad by the military or covert forces of the United States government.

Drones key to the War on Terror—3,300 operatives dead since Obama took office
Byman, July/August ’13 (Daniel, Brookings, “Why Drones Work: The Case for Washington’s Weapon of Choice”, http://www.brookings.edu/research/articles/2013/06/17-drones-obama-weapon-choice-us-counterterrorism-byman) AO
The Obama administration relies on drones for one simple reason: they work. According
AND
special skills: passport forgers, bomb makers, recruiters, and fundraisers. 

Nuclear terrorism risks global nuclear exchange
Ayson ‘10 Robert Ayson, Professor of Strategic Studies and Director of the Centre for Strategic Studies: New Zealand at the Victoria University of Wellington, “After a Terrorist Nuclear Attack: Envisaging Catalytic Effects,” Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, Volume 33, Issue 7, July 2010, informaworld
A terrorist nuclear attack, and even the use of nuclear weapons in response by
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be admitted that any preemption would probably still meet with a devastating response.

Terrorism causes global nuclear escalation – national retaliation goes global
Morgan in 2009
(Dennis Ray, Professor of Foreign Studies at Hankuk University, December, “World on fire: two scenarios of the destruction of human civilization and possible extinction of the human race” Futures, Vol 41 Issue 10, p 683-693, ScienceDirect) MG

In a remarkable website on nuclear war, Carol Moore asks the question "Is
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, taking a savage toll upon the environment and fragile ecosphere as well.