Tournament: Cal Chico | Round: 1 | Opponent: USC HS | Judge: Kurt Fifelski

1AC

Contention One is Indefinite Detention

First, indefinite detention is made possible by the sovereign declaration of the state of exception. Indefinite detention centers produce bare life mirroring the exceptionalism of the sovereign authority to commit violence without consequence.

Van Munster 04
(Rens, University of Southern Denmark¶ Department of Political Science Senior Researcher. International Journal for the Semiotics of Law. The War On Terrorism: When The Exception. Pg 141-153. ~{Shoell~})
Schmitt thus inverses the traditional Hobbesian definition of¶ sovereignty as the juridical sanctioned power
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hand and reduce political subjects to the naked life of homo¶ sacer.

And indefinite detention centers are vanishing points maintained through the intersections of biopower and sovereign power. Revealing the different mechanisms of power that constitute these spaces of exception is the first step to opposing them.

Gregory 7
(Derek, Professor of Geography at the University of British Columbia, "Vanishing Points: Law, Violence and Exception in the Global War Prison," From: Violent Geographies: Fear, Terror and Political Violence, ISBN: 041595147)IAA

The ’vanishing points’ that I seek to identify in this essay can be brought
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realized through a series of spaces that fold in and out of them.¶ 

And the violence that occurs at through indefinite detention is not new-rather it is rooted in the prison industrial complex and other historically racist acts of confinement.

Van Veeren 13  (Elspeth,  Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the Centre for International and Security Studies at York University in Canada and a Visiting Research Fellow at the Centre for Conflict and Security  Research at the University of Sussex in the UK.. "Clean War, Invisible War, Liberal War: The Clean and Dirty Politics of Guantanamo." http://www.academia.edu/attachments/31046538/download_file pp. 96-97 -Veeder)
In that sense, Guantánamo, defined as exceptional, also helped to erase and
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to be a scene of so much (often invisible) violence. 37

Violent mechanisms like indefinite detention aren’t maintained solely through the state-they are supplemented by individual decisions about who should be included in our calculations in the first place

Tagma 09 (Halit Mustafa, Department of Political Science at ASU.  "Homo Sacer vs. Homo Soccer Mom: Reading Agamben and Foucault in the War on Terror." Alternative: Global, Local, Political, Vol. 34, No. 4 (Oct.-Dec. 2009). Pg. 415-418 –Veeder)
According to Ashley, this pact between sovereign man and the state marks the dawn
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violence has been particularly brutal toward "infe- rior far away people."

Biopolitics attempts to secure life against all threats results in a form of survival politics where the ultimate goal is to defeat death. This necessitates the selection of specific lives to make live, and allows for the extermination of all others

Dillon, 2008 (Michael, "Revisiting Franco’s Death" Foucault on Politics, Security and War. Pg 176-178, mb)
If Foucault is right, that liberal peace is the extension of war by other
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- is the liberal way of war (Dillon and Reid, 2008).

Contention Two is Archaeology of Exceptionalism

Thus, TJ and I affirm the 1AC as an archaeological criticism of the indefinite detention war power authority of the president of the United States.

First, archaeological criticism is the best method to reveal the extra discursive formations at work in maintaining the state of exception

Neal 2006
(Dr Andrew Neal Senior Lecturer Politics and International Relations, School of Social and Political Science University of Edinburgh Foucault in Guantánamo: Towards an Archaeology of the Exception http://sdi.sagepub.com/content/37/1/31.full.pdf+html MT
Fourth, exceptionalism is a much wider problem than can be explained through a genealogical
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that we must reveal and describe. (Foucault, 2002a: 54)    

And, our method applied to indefinite detention is key to interrogating the violent exceptionalism of the U.S.

Neal 6
(Andrew School of Politics, International Relations and Philosophy,¶ Keele University, UK. Special Section: Theorizing the Liberty-Security Relation:¶ Sovereignty, Liberalism and Exceptionalism. Foucault in Guantánamo: Towards an Archaeology of the Exception. Pg 31-36 ~{Shoell~})
It is almost as though Guantánamo Bay were the public face of exceptionalism.¶ We
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. This analysis can never be comprehensive¶ or totalizing, only partial.

And, the state of exception prevents effective deliberation by causing people to internalize the norms held by those in power-this leads to flawed decisions and policies. Challenging the state of exception is the only way to revitalize discourse

Henderson 10 (Laura M., PhD candidate at the department of legal theory at the Vrije Universiteit, . Amsterdam, masters of law from Utrecht University, her masters thesis won multiple prizes, current editor for multiple journals. "Conceptualizing state of emergency thinking: A theory of discourse and hegemony," July 23^rd, 2010. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1666660 pp. 35-36 –Veeder)
I see the state of emergency discourse as negatively impacting upon the principles of democracy
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state of emergency discourse have led to more radicalization among Muslim populations.163

And, privilege our analysis over the technologies of risk that mirror the logic of the exception and have empirically created a permanent state of war.

Van Munster 04
(Rens, University of Southern Denmark¶ Department of Political Science Senior Researcher. International Journal for the Semiotics of Law. The War On Terrorism: When The Exception. Pg 141-153. ~{Shoell~})
Following Agamben, this paper has argued that the centrality of the¶ state of
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it can always be provoked by terrorism to become itself¶ terroristic.’’35 

Finally, state secrecy over indefinite detention is a key factor in sustaining the violent practice-magnifying the need for an archeological approach. Research will always be incomplete when information is purposely excluded. Framework is the symbolic equivalent of the physical violence exercised by the state to silence its captives.

Pugliese 2013
~Pugliese, Joseph Associate Professor of Cultural Studies at Macquarie University. State Violence and the Execution of Law: Biopolitcal Caesurae of Torture, Black Sites, Drones. 2013; Law and the PostcolonialBlackMagic~
¶ The work that unfolds in the chapters that follow is inscribed by a constitutively
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the state cannot completely master its heterogeneous agents or silence its heteroglossic voices.