Tournament: Vanderbilt | Round: 4 | Opponent: Iowa CL | Judge: Joe Keeton
AUMF strong now- Congress supports a broad interpretation
Brooks, 13 -- Georgetown University law professor
Rosa, New America Foundation Schwartz senior fellow, served as a counselor to the U.S. defense undersecretary for policy from 2009 to 2011 and previously served as a senior advisor at the U.S. State Department, "Mission Creep in the War on Terror," Foreign Policy, 3-14-13, www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2013/03/14/mission_creep_in_the_war_on_terror, accessed 8-24-13, mss

"When you're not near the girl you love, love the girl you're near
AND
in the 2012 National Defense Authorization Act, which used virtually identical language.

Detention authority comes from the AUMF
Kelley ’12 Michael, MA in journalism from Medill, writer for Business Insider, “Why Losing Indefinite Detention Powers Would Be A Disaster For Obama,” Oct. 24, http://www.businessinsider.com/why-losing-indefinite-detention-powers-would-be-a-disaster-for-obama-2012-10

There's a big story by Greg Miller in the Washington Post on how the Obama
AND
is simply an "affirmation" or "reaffirmation" of the AUMF.

Decreasing AUMF authorizations snowballs- causes judicial rollback of the AUMF
Barnes, 12 -- J.D. Candidate, Boston University School of Law
Beau, “Reauthorizing the ‘War on Terror’: The Legal and Policy Implications of the AUMF’s Coming Obsolescence,” Military Law Review, Vol 211, 2012, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2150874, accessed 8-21-13, mss

The scope of the AUMF is also important for any future judicial opinion that might
AND
its precise scope, authorization, and continuing vitality matter a great deal.

That shifts US doctrine to international self-defense- expanded jus ad bellum collapses global firebreak on use-of-force
Barnes, 12 -- J.D. Candidate, Boston University School of Law
Beau, “Reauthorizing the ‘War on Terror’: The Legal and Policy Implications of the AUMF’s Coming Obsolescence,” Military Law Review, Vol 211, 2012, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2150874, accessed 9-19-13, mss

In a world without a valid AUMF, the United States could base its continued
AND
to kill people anywhere, anytime, the result would be chaos.”148 

Causes global hotspots to go nuclear
Obayemi, 6 -- East Bay Law School professor
Olumide, admitted to the Bars of Federal Republic of Nigeria and the State of California, Golden Gate University School of Law, "Article: Legal Standards Governing Pre-Emptive Strikes and Forcible Measures of Anticipatory Self-Defense Under the U.N. Charter and General International Law," 12 Ann. Surv. Int'l and Comp. L. 19, l/n, accessed 9-19-13, mss

The United States must abide by the rigorous standards set out above that are meant
AND
. This is the essence of the preamble to the United Nations Charter.

Tournament: Vanderbilt | Round: 2 | Opponent: Indiana PS | Judge: Rob Eback
AUMF strong now- Congress supports a broad interpretation
Brooks, 13 -- Georgetown University law professor
Rosa, New America Foundation Schwartz senior fellow, served as a counselor to the U.S. defense undersecretary for policy from 2009 to 2011 and previously served as a senior advisor at the U.S. State Department, "Mission Creep in the War on Terror," Foreign Policy, 3-14-13, www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2013/03/14/mission_creep_in_the_war_on_terror, accessed 8-24-13, mss

"When you're not near the girl you love, love the girl you're near
AND
in the 2012 National Defense Authorization Act, which used virtually identical language.

Executive drone strike authority is authorized by AUMF
Crowley, 12 -- TIME Washington bureau chief and senior correspondent
Michael, previously covered foreign policy for The New Republic, "Revisiting a Key Legal Basis for Obama’s Anti-Terrorism Drone Strikes," 6-12-12, swampland.time.com/2012/06/12/revisiting-a-key-legal-basis-for-obamas-anti-terror-drone-strikes/, accessed 9-23-13, mss

Revisiting a Key Legal Basis for Obama’s Anti-Terrorism Drone Strikes
After I wrote a short piece for last week’s magazine that, among other things
AND
that restricts the use of military force against al-Qaeda to Afghanistan.

Decreasing AUMF authorizations snowballs- causes judicial rollback of the AUMF
Barnes, 12 -- J.D. Candidate, Boston University School of Law
Beau, “Reauthorizing the ‘War on Terror’: The Legal and Policy Implications of the AUMF’s Coming Obsolescence,” Military Law Review, Vol 211, 2012, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2150874, accessed 8-21-13, mss

The scope of the AUMF is also important for any future judicial opinion that might
AND
its precise scope, authorization, and continuing vitality matter a great deal.

That shifts US doctrine to international self-defense- expanded jus ad bellum collapses global firebreak on use-of-force
Barnes, 12 -- J.D. Candidate, Boston University School of Law
Beau, “Reauthorizing the ‘War on Terror’: The Legal and Policy Implications of the AUMF’s Coming Obsolescence,” Military Law Review, Vol 211, 2012, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2150874, accessed 9-19-13, mss

In a world without a valid AUMF, the United States could base its continued
AND
to kill people anywhere, anytime, the result would be chaos.”148 

Causes global hotspots to go nuclear
Obayemi, 6 -- East Bay Law School professor
Olumide, admitted to the Bars of Federal Republic of Nigeria and the State of California, Golden Gate University School of Law, "Article: Legal Standards Governing Pre-Emptive Strikes and Forcible Measures of Anticipatory Self-Defense Under the U.N. Charter and General International Law," 12 Ann. Surv. Int'l and Comp. L. 19, l/n, accessed 9-19-13, mss

The United States must abide by the rigorous standards set out above that are meant
AND
. This is the essence of the preamble to the United Nations Charter.

Tournament: GSU | Round: 7 | Opponent: Samford KS | Judge: Joseph Autry
Legal solutions merely mask sovereign power and legitimatize exclusion
Kohn, 6 -- University of Florida political science assistant professor
Margaret, "Bare Life and the Limits of the Law," Theory and Event, 9:2, 2006, muse.jhu.edu/journals/theory_and_event/v009/9.2kohn.html, accessed 9-12-13, mss

Giorgio Agamben is best known for his provocative suggestion that the concentration camp – the
AND
the law, in effect, both produces and legitimizes marginality and exclusion.

Sanitization of US policy leads to endless violence and imperialism – turns case
Bacevich, 5 -- Boston University international relations professor
A. J., retired career officer in the United States Army, former director of Boston University's Center for International Relations (from 1998 to 2005), The New American Militarism: How Americans Are Seduced by War, 2005 accessed 9-4-13, mss

Today as never before in their history Americans are enthralled with military power. The
AND
consider the continued relevance of Madison's warning to our own time and circumstances.
The Alternative is to reject the 1AC and imagine Whatever Being--Any point of rejection of the sovereign state creates a non-state world made up of whatever life – that involves imagining a political body that is outside the sphere of sovereignty in that it defies traditional attempts to maintain a social identity
Caldwell 04 – Assistant Professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of Louisville
(Anne, “Bio-Sovereignty and the Emergence of Humanity,” Theory and Event, Volume 7, Issue 2, Project Muse)
Can we imagine another form of humanity, and another form of power? The
AND
a non-state world, made up of whatever life, appears.

Tournament: GSU | Round: 7 | Opponent: Samford KS | Judge: Joseph Autry
Pariah weapons regulation backfires- normalizes militarism and leads to worse forms of violence
Cooper, 11 -- University of Bradford International Relations and Security Studies Senior Lecturer
Neil, PhD from University of Kent at Canterbury, University of Bradford Associate Dean for Research for the School of Social and International Studies, "Humanitarian Arms Control and Processes of Securitization: Moving Weapons along the Security Continuum," Contemporary Security Policy, Vol 32, Issue 1, 2011, tandfonline, accessed 9-5-13, mss

In this account of contemporary HAC, powerful actors who aim to uphold the status
AND
, and the relationship that exists between pariah regulation and this broader system. 

Sanitization of US policy leads to endless violence and imperialism – turns case
Bacevich, 5 -- Boston University international relations professor
A. J., retired career officer in the United States Army, former director of Boston University's Center for International Relations (from 1998 to 2005), The New American Militarism: How Americans Are Seduced by War, 2005 accessed 9-4-13, mss

Today as never before in their history Americans are enthralled with military power. The
AND
consider the continued relevance of Madison's warning to our own time and circumstances.

The Alternative is to reject the 1AC and imagine Whatever Being--Any point of rejection of the sovereign state creates a non-state world made up of whatever life – that involves imagining a political body that is outside the sphere of sovereignty in that it defies traditional attempts to maintain a social identity
Caldwell 04 – Assistant Professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of Louisville
(Anne, “Bio-Sovereignty and the Emergence of Humanity,” Theory and Event, Volume 7, Issue 2, Project Muse)
Can we imagine another form of humanity, and another form of power? The
AND
a non-state world, made up of whatever life, appears.

Tournament: GSU | Round: 7 | Opponent: Samford KS | Judge: Joseph Autry
The affirmative’s emphasis on cybersecurity as a solution cedes control to elites who then deem acts legitimate – culminates in the exclusion of all those deemed potential hackers or threats to our techno-utopia
HANSEN AND NISSENBAUM 2009 (Lene, Associate Professor, Director of the Ph.d. Program, Department of Political Science, University of Copenhagen.  AND* Helen, Professor, New York University, Media, Culture, and Communication and Computer Science, Digital Disaster, Cyber Security, and the Copenhagen School, International Studies Quarterly (2009) 53, 1155–1175)

 As in most academic fields, computer scientists have disagreed on the likelihood of
AND
those wishing to challenge these practices than if these were constituted as technical. 

Sanitization of US policy leads to endless violence and imperialism – turns case
Bacevich, 5 -- Boston University international relations professor
A. J., retired career officer in the United States Army, former director of Boston University's Center for International Relations (from 1998 to 2005), The New American Militarism: How Americans Are Seduced by War, 2005 accessed 9-4-13, mss

Today as never before in their history Americans are enthralled with military power. The
AND
consider the continued relevance of Madison's warning to our own time and circumstances.

The Alternative is to reject the 1AC and imagine Whatever Being--Any point of rejection of the sovereign state creates a non-state world made up of whatever life – that involves imagining a political body that is outside the sphere of sovereignty in that it defies traditional attempts to maintain a social identity
Caldwell 04 – Assistant Professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of Louisville
(Anne, “Bio-Sovereignty and the Emergence of Humanity,” Theory and Event, Volume 7, Issue 2, Project Muse)
Can we imagine another form of humanity, and another form of power? The
AND
a non-state world, made up of whatever life, appears.

Tournament: Vandy | Round: Octas | Opponent: GSU FS | Judge: Joe Keeton, Rebecca Steiner, Austin Layton
Silence on the human exploitative gaze towards non-human animals ensures that anthropocentrism continues
Bell and Russel 2k , York University department of education, and Russell, Lakehead University associate professor, 2k (Anne C. and Constance L., department of education, York University, Canada, and Canadian Journal of Environmental Education, “Beyond Human, Beyond Words: Anthropocentrism, Critical Pedagogy, and the Poststructuralist Turn,” CANADIAN JOURNAL OF EDUCATION 25, 3 (2000):188–203, http://www.csse-scee.ca/CJE/Articles/FullText/CJE25-3/CJE25-3-bell.pdf, p. 192)
We come to critical pedagogy with a background in environmental thought and education. Of
AND
, 2000), anthropocentrism passes unchallenged.1¶ p. 190-192

Anthropocentrism makes everything extinct
Gottlieb 94 — Roger S. Gottlieb, Professor of Humanities at Worcester Polytechnic Institute, holds a Ph.D. in Philosophy from Brandeis University, 1994 (“Ethics and Trauma: Levinas, Feminism, and Deep Ecology,” Crosscurrents: A Journal of Religion and Intellectual Life, Summer, Available Online at http://www.crosscurrents.org/feministecology.htm, Accessed 07-26-2011)
Here I will at least begin in agreement with Levinas. As he rejects an
AND
neither for our selves nor for the other, but for us all. 

Our alternative is to endorse the thought experiment of the voluntary global suicide of humanity – that solves
Kochi and Ordan 8 (Queen’s University, Borderlands journal, http://www.borderlands.net.au/vol7no3_2008/kochiordan_argument.pdf)JFS

For some, guided by the pressure of moral conscience or by a  practice of
AND
no matter  how hard we try to forget, suppress or repress it.

Tournament: Vanderbilt | Round: 2 | Opponent: Indiana PS | Judge: Rob Eback
CIR will pass now but it will be tough
Nowicki, 10-30 -- Arizona Republic's national political reporter
Dan, and Erin Kelly, "Fleeting Hopes for Immigration Reform," AZ Central, 10-30-13, www.azcentral.com/news/politics/articles/20131029fleeting-hopes-immigration-reform.html?nclick_check=1, accessed 10-31-13, mss

However, reform backers point to encouraging signs in addition to the intense push by
AND
is not like renaming a post office. It’s going to be tough.”

Political capital is necessary to get a deal done
Stokols 10/17/13 (Eli, FOX News Denver, "Analysis: Obama's Quick Pivot To immigration Reform")

To all my friends in Congress, understand that how business is done in this
AND
and appears closed to Hispanics and other minorities heading into next year’s midterms.¶ 

LINK

Solves US-India relations --- builds trade relationships
LA Times 12, 11/9/2012 (Other countries eagerly await U.S. immigration reform, p. http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/world_now/2012/11/us-immigration-reform-eagerly-awaited-by-source-countries.html)
"Comprehensive immigration reform will see expansion of skilled labor visas," predicted B.
AND
see the immigration opportunity as a bigger plus than not," he said.

Relations are k2 solve every major impact, including US primacy in Asia, China rise, and Asian instability
Armitage et al 10. Richard is the President of Armitage International and former Deputy Secretary of State. R. Nicholas Burns is a Professor in the Practice of Diplomacy and International Politics, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University. Richard Fontaine is the President of the Center for New American Security. “Natural Allies: A Blueprint for the Future of U.S.-India Relations,” October, Center for New American Security, http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/files/Burns20-20Natural20Allies.pdf
A strengthened U.S.-India strategic partnership is thus imperative in this new
AND
transform a series of bilateral achievements into a lasting regional and global partnership.

Tournament: Vanderbilt | Round: 4 | Opponent: Iowa CL | Judge: Joe Keeton
The plan would decimate war policy decision making
WAXMAN 2013 - law professor at Columbia Law School, co-chairs the Roger Hertog Program on Law and National Security (Matthew Waxman, “The Constitutional Power to Threaten War,” August 27, 2013, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2316777)

Because the importance for the United States of threatened force – to coerce or deter
strategies for brandishing and exercising military capabilities and the politics of using them.

That would uniquely decimate Obama and the military’s ability to calm alliances and deter enemies ---- makes terrorism and global nuclear war more likely
WAXMAN 2013 - law professor at Columbia Law School, co-chairs the Roger Hertog Program on Law and National Security (Matthew Waxman, “The Constitutional Power to Threaten War,” August 27, 2013, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2316777)

As a prescriptive matter, Part II also shows that examination of threatened force and
AND
preserved in legal doctrine, enhances the credibility of presidential threats to escalate.

Tournament: Vanderbilt | Round: 4 | Opponent: Iowa CL | Judge: Joe Keeton
Plan triggers dangerous uncertainty on cyber policy --- makes conflict more likely
BRADBURY 2011 - attorney at the Washington, D.C office of Dechert LLP; head of the Office of Legal Counsel (Steven G. Bradbury, “The Developing Legal Framework for Defensive and Offensive Cyber Operations”, Harvard National Security Journal, http://harvardnsj.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/Vol.-2_Bradbury_Final1.pdf)

Conclusion. So here’s my thesis: To my view, the lack of clarity
AND
norms. I think that’s the way we should want it to work. 

That would uniquely decimate Obama and the military’s ability to calm alliances and deter enemies ---- makes terrorism and global nuclear war more likely
WAXMAN 2013 - law professor at Columbia Law School, co-chairs the Roger Hertog Program on Law and National Security (Matthew Waxman, “The Constitutional Power to Threaten War,” August 27, 2013, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2316777)

As a prescriptive matter, Part II also shows that examination of threatened force and
AND
preserved in legal doctrine, enhances the credibility of presidential threats to escalate.

Tournament: Vanderbilt | Round: 6 | Opponent: Emory AB | Judge: Cameron Norris
1) “Resolved” implies a policy or legislative decision
Jeff Parcher 1, former debate coach at Georgetown, Feb, http://www.ndtceda.com/archives/200102/0790.html
Pardon me if I turn to a source besides Bill. American Heritage Dictionary:
AND
or 'no' - which, of course, are answers to a question.   

2) “United States Federal Government should” means the debate is solely about the outcome of a policy established by governmental means
Ericson ’03 (Jon M., Dean Emeritus of the College of Liberal Arts – California Polytechnic U., et al., The Debater’s Guide, Third Edition, p. 4)

The Proposition of Policy: Urging Future Action In policy propositions, each topic contains
AND
compelling reasons for an audience to perform the future action that you propose. 

3)“Federal Government” means the central government in Washington D.C.
Encarta ‘2K  (Online Encyclopedia, http://encarta.msn.com)
“The federal government of the United States is centered in Washington DC” 

4) That excludes individual action
Black’s Law Dictionary, ’99 (Seventh Edition Ed. Bryan A. Garner (chief))
Federal government 1. A national government that exercises some degree of control over smaller political units that have surrendered some degree of power in exchange for the right to participate in national political matters

Our methodology and vision for debate is best—
1)We provide the best means of personal growth and education
Yovel 03, Assistant professor, Faculty of Law, and coordinator of the law and philosophy program, University of Haifa, Israel, in ‘3
Jonathan, Cardozo Law Review, January, 24 Cardozo L. Rev. 635

While reactive forces respond to their context and in this way are dictated by them
AND
the will to cast itself in the world, both natural and social.

2)Rooting debate in a traditional forum turns all of your marginalization offense and means we solve the best predictable ground
Arendt 05, The New School for Social Research, in ‘5, Hannah, The Promise of Politics, pg. 41-2

It lies in the nature of a tradition to be accepted and absorbed as it
AND
shallowness which spreads a veil of meaninglessness over all spheres of modern life.

3)Argumentative stasis is a prerequisite to the negative’s ability to engage in the conversation — that’s critical to deliberation
Steinberg 8, lecturer of communication studies – University of Miami, and Freeley, Boston based attorney who focuses on criminal, personal injury and civil rights law, ‘8
(David L. and Austin J., Argumentation and Debate: Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making p. 45)
Debate is a means of settling differences, so there must be a difference of
AND
particular point of difference, which will be outlined in the following discussion.

Deliberation is the most portable skill—key to all facets of life and advocacy
Steinberg 08, lecturer of communication studies – University of Miami, and Freeley, Boston based attorney who focuses on criminal, personal injury and civil rights law, ‘8
(David L. and Austin J., Argumentation and Debate: Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making p. 9-10)

After several days of intense debate, first the United States House of Representatives and
AND
customer for out product, or a vote for our favored political candidate.

The judge is a citizen working to dismantle  - Debate is a question of skills not content – saying the world is dominated by  is an inherency claim that voting aff can’t resolve – endorsing our political method teaches the tools that have a much better chance of dismantling those power structures
Strait and Wallace 7
(Strait, L. Paul, George Mason University and Wallace, Brett, George Washington University, “The Scope of Negative Fiat and the Logic of Decision Making”, Policy Cures? Health Assistance to Africa, Debaters Research Guide)FS
 More to the point, debate certainly helps teach a lot of skills,
AND
of people’s lives, both individually and collectively” (p. 156). 

4)Our model of debate is key to accessing governmental knowledge
Zwarensteyn 12, Ellen, Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of GRAND VALLEY STATE UNIVERSITY In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Masters of Science, “High School Policy Debate as an Enduring Pathway to Political Education: Evaluating Possibilities for Political Learning,” August, http://scholarworks.gvsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1034andcontext=theses

The first trend to emerge concerns how debate fosters in-depth political knowledge.
AND
television news and traditional outlets of news media as superficial outlets for information.

Failure to engage the state means the aff fails, coalitions break down, and hawks seize the political – only engagement solves
Mouffe 09 (Chantal Mouffe is Professor of Political Theory at the Centre for the Study of Democracy, University of Westminster, “The Importance of Engaging the State”, What is Radical Politics Today?, Edited by Jonathan Pugh, pp. 233-7)

In both Hardt and Negri, and Virno, there is therefore emphasis upon ‘
AND
my view, is how we should conceive the nature of radical politics. 

5)We provide a methodology that inspires compassion
Porter 06, head of the School of International Studies at the University of South Australia, 2006 Elisabeth, "Can politics practice compassion?" Hypatia Sep, p project muse

As individuals, we have responsibilities beyond our personal connections to assist whenever it is
AND
be observant, and understand the implications of a failure to practice compassion.

That’s especially true in the context of policy debate
Greene 05, Pf Rhetoric at Minnesota, in ’05, (Ronald, Cultural Studies, Volume 19, Issue 1 January, pages 100 – 126)

Nearly forty years after the debating-both-sides controversy erupted in the mid
AND
, helping to secure the possibility of respecting pluralism without risking moral relativism.

Tournament: Navy | Round: 3 | Opponent: Gonzaga BJ | Judge: Austin Woodruff
The affirmatives political methodology for addressing conflict is founded in stereotypes of fear, producing inaccurate scholarship.
Kaldor 13, Mary Kaldor, professor of Global Governance at the London School of Economics and Director of the Civil Society and Human Security Research Unit, “In Defence of New Wars,” March 7, 2013, Stability, 2(1): 4, pp. 1-16, http://www.stabilityjournal.org/article/download/sta.at/40E2808E

The most common criticism of the ‘new wars’ argument is that new wars are
AND
is a model that entails a specific political, economic and military logic.

Recreation of these stereotypes entrenches the existing power structure ensuring globalized war and structural violence
Kaldor 99, Mary Kaldor, professor of Global Governance a the London School of Economics and Director of the Civil Society and Human Security Research Unit, New and Old Wars, 1999, Stanford University Press, pg 110-111

The new wars have political goals. The aim is political mobilization on the basis
AND
, how islands of civility might offer a counterlogic to the new warfare.

The alternative is to reject the 1AC and their outdated conceptions of sovereignty and war to interrupt the cycle of acting so that we may update policy planning to fit a changing world
Kaldor 05, Mary Kaldor, professor of Global Governance at the London School of Economics and Director of the Civil Society and Human Security Research Unit, “Old Wars, Cold Wars, New Wars, and the War on Terror,” International Politics, 42.4, December 2005, pg 497-498

By analysing New War in terms of social relations of warfare, we come up
AND
, does not reduce that insecurity. Indeed, it makes it worse.

Tournament: Vanderbilt | Round: 2 | Opponent: Indiana PS | Judge: Rob Eback
CP is competitive and solves the case ---- Coordination with OLC can ensure executive action
BORRELLI et al 2000 - Professor of Government Chair of the Government and International Relations Department, Connecticut College (Maryanne Borrelli, Karen Hult, Nancy Kassop, “The White House Counsel’s Office”, http://whitehousetransitionproject.org/files/counsel/Counsel-OD.PDF)

The White House Counsel’s Office is at the hub of all presidential activity. Its
AND
hard to calculate. (Gray interview, pp. 18-19)

Tournament: Navy | Round: Octas | Opponent: Kentucky GV | Judge: Steve Pointer, Kristi Kramer, Michael Hall
Plan breaks the political question doctrine---triggers a slippery slope
Christopher Ehrfurth 11, 10/10/11, “The Extrajudicial Killing of Anwar al-Awlaki,” http://law.marquette.edu/facultyblog/2011/10/10/the-extrajudicial-killing-of-anwar-al-awlaki/
The legality of the extrajudicial assassination of al-Awlaki was the subject of a
AND
if faced with the same choice as the President, would choose differently.

That spills over to climate change cases
Laurence H. Tribe 10, the Carl M. Loeb University Professor, Harvard Law School; Joshua D. Branson, J.D., Harvard Law School and NDT Champion, Northwestern University; and Tristan L. Duncan, Partner, Shook, Hardy and Bacon L.L.P., January 2010, “TOOHOTFORCOURTSTO HANDLE: FUEL TEMPERATURES, GLOBAL WARMING, AND THE POLITICAL QUESTION DOCTRINE,” http://www.wlf.org/Upload/legalstudies/workingpaper/012910Tribe_WP.pdf

Two sets of problems, one manifested at a microcosmic level and the other about
AND
cases demonstrates, the political question doctrine is feeling heat from both directions.

That wrecks coordination necessary to solve warming
Laurence H. Tribe 10, the Carl M. Loeb University Professor, Harvard Law School; Joshua D. Branson, J.D., Harvard Law School and NDT Champion, Northwestern University; and Tristan L. Duncan, Partner, Shook, Hardy and Bacon L.L.P., January 2010, “TOOHOTFORCOURTSTO HANDLE: FUEL TEMPERATURES, GLOBAL WARMING, AND THE POLITICAL QUESTION DOCTRINE,” http://www.wlf.org/Upload/legalstudies/workingpaper/012910Tribe_WP.pdf

But that being said, if the Second Circuit was implying that such claims are
AND
AND
the climate of the times and its implications for how we govern ourselves. 

Extinction
Flournoy 12 -- Citing Feng Hsu, PhD NASA Scientist @ the Goddard Space Flight, Springer Briefs in Space Development, Book, p. 10-11

In the Online Journal of Space Communication , Dr. Feng Hsu, a  NASA
AND
simply too high for us to take any chances” (Hsu 2010 )