Tournament: UNT | Round: 2 | Opponent: Missouri - Kansas City Jones-Cuellar | Judge: loghry
Farley, 11
~Robert, assistant professor at the Patterson School of Diplomacy and International Commerce at the University of Kentucky, Over the Horizon: U.S. Drone Use Sets Global Precedent, World Politics Review, 10-12-11, http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/10311/over-the-horizon-u-s-drone-use-sets-global-precedent-http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/10311/over-the-horizon-u-s-drone-use-sets-global-precedent~~
Is the world about to see a "drone race" among the United States
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policymakers should perhaps devote a touch more attention to the precedent they’re setting.
Specifically US practices ignore international norms of proportionality and distinction undermining the very nature of restraint in international law.
ICG, 13
~International Crisis Group, Drones: Myths and Reality in Pakistan, Asia Report, no. 247, May, 2013, http://www.isn.ethz.ch/Digital-Library/Publications/Detail/?lng=en26id=164796-http://www.isn.ethz.ch/Digital-Library/Publications/Detail/?lng=en26id=164796~~
President Obama, has argued that "there is nothing in international law … that
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, and they are entitled to defend themselves before a court of law.
US must act now to lock in norms and a legal framework or risk gutting the entire system of international law – checks on the executive are key.
Brooks, 13
~Rosa, professor at Georgetown University, Bernard L. Schwartz Senior Fellow at the New America Foundation, The Constitutional and Counterterrorism Implications of Targeted Killing Testimony Before the Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on the Constitution, Civil Rights, and Human Rights April 23, 2013~
Right now, the United States has a decided technological advantage when it comes to
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them to justify the killing of dissidents, rivals, or unwanted minorities?
And – China models US drone usage – restraints are key to creating new norms
CBS News, 13
~China emerges as new force in drone warfare, May 3, 2013, http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-202_162-57582699/china-emerges-as-new-force-in-drone-warfare/-http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-202_162-57582699/china-emerges-as-new-force-in-drone-warfare/~~
Chinese aerospace firms have developed dozens of drones, known also as unmanned aerial vehicles
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There needs to be agreement on what the limits are," he said.
Norms are key to reversing dangerous trends in Asia that risk miscalculation and great power war – norms are the key internal link.
Brimley 26 Fitzgerald, 13
~Ben 26 Ely, vice president of the Technology and National Security Program for a New American Security 26 deputy director of the Asia Program at the Center for a New American Security, The Drone War Comes to Asia, Foreign Policy, 9-17-2013~
Without a doubt, China’s drone adventure 100-miles north of the Senkakus was
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political leadership, these technologies could very well lead the region into war.
Strait Times, 2k
~CHING CHEONG – SENIOR JOURNALIST @ THE STRAIT TIMES, NO ONE GAINS IN A WAR OVER TAIWAN, JUNE 25, LEXIS~
THE high-intensity scenario postulates a cross-strait war escalating into a
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should that come to pass, we would see the destruction of civilization.
Parker, 13
~Richard, NY TIMES, Pilotless Planes, Pacific Tensions, http://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/13/opinion/drones-and-the-rivalry-between-the-us-and-china.html?smid=go-share26_r=126~~
This exercise is the beginning of a new chapter in military history: autonomous
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fully understand, and so are all the more likely to fall into.
Lack of checks on US executive influences global drone policy and makes accidental war inevitable.
Dowd, 13
~Alan, writes on national defense, foreign policy, and international security. His writing has appeared in multiple publications including Parameters, Policy Review, The Journal of Diplomacy and International Relations, World Politics Review, American Outlook, The Baltimore Sun, The Washington Times, The National Post, The Wall Street Journal Europe, The Jerusalem Post, and The Financial Times Deutschland, Drone Wars: Risks and Warnings, Parameters, 42(4), Winter Spring, 2013, http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pubs/parameters/Issues/WinterSpring_2013/1_Article_Dowd.pdf-http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pubs/parameters/Issues/WinterSpring_2013/1_Article_Dowd.pdf~~
If we argue that drone pilots are not in the battlespace, which seems reasonable
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spawned a new era of danger for the United States and its allies.
Leads to collapse of deterrence and all conflicts go nuclear
Boyle, 13
~Michael, Assistant Professor of Political Science at La Salle University, The costs and consequences of drone warfare, International Affairs, 89:1, http://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/public/International20Affairs/2013/89_1/89_1Boyle.pdf~~
The emergence of this arms race for drones raises at least five long-term
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legal architecture which might avert some of the worst consequences of their use.
Nuclear deterrence deters rogue states, CBW attacks, and prolif — impact is extinction
Schneider, ’8
~Mark, a Senior Analyst with the National Institute for Public Policy,
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, July-September 2008, 27:4, p345-360~
According to the Pentagon’s Quadrennial Defense Review, the United States must maintain a "
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legacy arms control and its constraints upon U.S. conventional capabilities.
Chicago Daily Herald, Staff, "Dogs of War," May 9, 1999, lexis.
We hear the grim rationale for sending in ground troops "to salvage the credibility
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point of world conflict resulting in nuclear war and incalculable self-destruction.
Targeting low-level militants drives anti-American sentiment and undermines counter-terrorism in Pakistan.
Hamid, 13
~Moshin, Pakistan: Why Drones Don’t Help, NY Review of Books, May, 23, 2013, http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2013/may/23/pakistan-why-drones-dont-help/?pagination=false-http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2013/may/23/pakistan-why-drones-dont-help/?pagination=false~~
The report from Stanford and NYU highlights research separately conducted by Reuters and by the
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. The country must be responsible for dealing with its own extremist groups.
And – despite promises strikes will continue.
Mazetti, 13
~Mark, Despite Administration Promises, Few Signs of Change in Drone Wars, NYT, August 2, 2013, http://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/03/us/politics/drone-war-rages-on-even-as-administration-talks-about-ending-it.html?pagewanted=all-http://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/03/us/politics/drone-war-rages-on-even-as-administration-talks-about-ending-it.html?pagewanted=all~~
WASHINGTON — There were more drone strikes in Pakistan last month than any month since
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Pakistan," Mr. Zenko said, "or Yemen for that matter."
Khan, 8-29
~Muhammed, PhD scholar in international law in University of Salzburg, The Drone Dilemma, Pakistan Today, 8-29-13, http://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2013/08/29/comment/columns/the-drone-dilemma-2/-http://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2013/08/29/comment/columns/the-drone-dilemma-2/~~
During his first term, President Obama launched more than six times as many drone
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be committing a political suicide which might even turn into a bloody revolt.
Ending the targeting of low-level operatives key to cooperation and legitimacy of the government – prefer our comparative evidence.
Boyle, 13
~Michael, Assistant Professor of Political Science at La Salle University, The costs and consequences of drone warfare, International Affairs, 89:1, http://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/public/International20Affairs/2013/89_1/89_1Boyle.pdf-http://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/public/International Affairs/2013/89_1/89_1Boyle.pdf~
The extent to which the Obama administration has targeted lower-ranked operatives is not
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Al-Qaeda and strengthened local insurgent forces challenging the Yemeni government.53
The plan is the CRUCIAL step in undermining hardliners – focus on principles of distinction and proportionality are key.
ICG, 13
~International Crisis Group, Drones: Myths and Reality in Pakistan, Asia Report, no. 247, May, 2013, http://www.isn.ethz.ch/Digital-Library/Publications/Detail/?lng=en26id=164796-http://www.isn.ethz.ch/Digital-Library/Publications/Detail/?lng=en26id=164796~~
The lack of candour from the U.S. and Pakistan governments on the
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oversight by the Senate and House Armed Services Committees and appropriate judicial review.
Pakistan state collapse guts the global economy and draws every major nation into a nuclear world war 3.
Walayat, 10
~Nadeem, 20 years experience of trading derivatives, portfolio management and analysing the financial markets, including one of few who both anticipated and Beat the 1987 Crash, Pakistan Collapse Could Trigger Global Great Depression and World War III, The Market Oracle, January 16, 2010, http://www.marketoracle.co.uk/Article16543.html-http://www.marketoracle.co.uk/Article16543.html~~
During 2009 the 2600 terrorist attacks resulted in the number of deaths soaring to more
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as the 1930’s Great Deflationary Depression ultimately resulted in the Second World War.
Economic collapse causes war, miscalc and terror.
Royal, 10
~Jedediah, Director of Cooperativ e Threat Reduction at the U.S. Department of Defense, "Economic Integration, Economic Signaling and the Problem of Economic Crises," in Economics of War and Peace: Economic, Legal and Political Perspectives, ed. Goldsmith and Brauer, p. 213-215~
Less intuitive is how periods of economic decline may increase the likelihood of external conflict
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such, the view presented here should be considered ancillary to those views.
Hayden, 13
~Tom, The Peace and Justice Resource Center 26 The Nation, ’Bug Splat’: Think Tank and Rep. Ellison Call for Drone Reform, http://www.envirosagainstwar.org/know/read.php?itemid=13074~~
The report credits protests by human rights, peace advocates and journalists for causing a
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policies, or the future will become far more secret than the past.
Chesney, 13
~Robert, Charles I. Francis Professor in Law at the University of Texas School of Law, Senior Fellow of the Brookings Institution, Trust, but Codify: Metadata, Drones, and Legal Transparency, http://www.lawfareblog.com/2013/06/trust-but-codify-metadata-drones~~
The point is very clear with the metadata program, which depends on a non
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sustainable if these elements were brought into the light and entrenched in statute.
Goure, 12
~Daniel, vice president of the Lexington Institute, Drones and the Changing Nature of Warfare: Hold the Presses21, CATO Unbound, January 13, 2012, http://www.cato-unbound.org/2012/01/13/daniel-goure/drones-changing-nature-warfare-hold-presses-http://www.cato-unbound.org/2012/01/13/daniel-goure/drones-changing-nature-warfare-hold-presses~~
Has the accelerated use of drones opened a new chapter in the history of warfare
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, but we should remember that drones don’t kill terrorists, governments do.
Unchecked drone assassinations sets a dangerous precedent and inevitably collapses US hegemony.
Boyle, 13
~Michael, Assistant Professor of Political Science at La Salle University, The costs and consequences of drone warfare, International Affairs, 89:1, http://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/public/International20Affairs/2013/89_1/89_1Boyle.pdf~~
If the US fails to take these steps, its unchecked pursuit of drone technology
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to shrug off the loss of life that drones inflict on others today.
Barnett 11 (Thomas P.M., Former Senior Strategic Researcher and Professor in the Warfare Analysis 26 Research Department, Center for Naval Warfare Studies, U.S. Naval War College American military geostrategist and Chief Analyst at Wikistrat., worked as the Assistant for Strategic Futures in the Office of Force Transformation in the Department of Defense, "The New Rules: Leadership Fatigue Puts U.S., and Globalization, at Crossroads," March 7, CMR)
Events in Libya are a further reminder for Americans that we stand at a crossroads
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the 20th century, setting the stage for the Pacific Century now unfolding.
ONLY Congressional oversight is the key internal link to credible rules of the road and international norms. Presidential action leaves the door open to unstrained unilateralism.
Maxwell, 12
~Mark David, a Judge Advocate with the U.S. Army, TARGETED KILLING, THE LAW, AND TERRORISTS FEELING SAFE?, National Defense University, 64:1, 1st quarter, 2012, http://www.ndu.edu/press/targeted-killing.html-http://www.ndu.edu/press/targeted-killing.html~~
In order to alleviate both of these quandaries, Congress must step in with legislative
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what gives a state its greatest safety: the rule of law. JFQ
Codifying TK standards is key to establishing a clear legal precedent in a time when norm are in flux.
Twomey, 13
~Laura, Trinity College Dublin, Setting a Global Precedent: President Obama’s Codification of Drone Warfare, Cambridge Journal of International and Comparative law, March 14, 2013, http://www.cjicl.org.uk/index.php/cjicl-blog/setting-a-global-precedent-president-obamas-codification-of-drone-warfare~~
It is clear that, as the first State to deploy remote targeting technology in
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warfare, a model which lacks a clear enemy and a demarcated battlefield.
Precedents set by the president are only perceived domestically and don’t restrain future administrations.
Eland, 13
~Ivan, Director of the Center on Peace 26 Liberty at The Independent Institute. Dr. Eland has spent 15 years working for Congress on national security issues, including stints as an investigator for the House Foreign Affairs Committee and Principal Defense Analyst at the Congressional Budget Office, Dangerous Precedent of Drone Wars, The Consortium News, June 4, 2013, http://consortiumnews.com/2013/06/04/dangerous-precedent-of-drone-wars/-http://consortiumnews.com/2013/06/04/dangerous-precedent-of-drone-wars/~~
Prior to the 2012 election, President Barack Obama told aides that he wanted to
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expansive Bush/Obama "war on terror" as their unfortunate precedent.
