Tournament: Uco | Round: 1 | Opponent: UT Dallas Velasquez-Ogbuli | Judge: Gordon
Even massive economic decline has zero chance of war
Robert Jervis 11, Professor in the Department of Political Science and School of International and Public Affairs at Columbia University, December 2011, “Force in Our Times,” Survival, Vol. 25, No. 4, p. 403-425
Even if war is still seen as evil, the security community could be dissolved
AND
times bring about greater economic conflict, it will not make war thinkable.

Economic collapse is inevitable – we far surpassed sustainable resource levels
Trainer 11 (Ted, is Senior Lecturer, School of Social Work, University of New South Wales (Australia); lecturer and author of books regarding the transition to a sustainable society. Trainer is the organizer of "The Simpler Way: Analyses of global problems and the sustainable alternative society" June 1/11 “The Simpler Way perspective on the global predicament” http://ukiahcommunityblog.wordpress.com/2011/06/01/ted-trainer-the-simpler-way-perspective-on-the-global-predicament/)// CG

Fault 1: Sustainability. Most people seem to have no idea of the magnitude
AND
they cannot possibly be achieved in a society committed to affluence and growth.

Growth cannot continue exponentially – we need to end it now to solve an environmental crisis – tech can’t solve
Brent 11 – frequent contributor to Countercurrents, expert on population issues
(Jason, “Cessation Of Growth: Voluntary And Coercive Population Control,” http://www.countercurrents.org/brent180711.htm, dml)

6. Since compound/exponential growth is so powerful, both the economy and
AND
transferring part of humanity to extraterrestrial planets is a non-workable fallacy.

Collapse now is key to prevent extinction
Barry 8 – President and Founder of Ecological Internet, Ph.D. in Land Resources from U-Wisconsin-Madison
(Glen, “Economic Collapse And Global Ecology”, http://www.countercurrents.org/barry140108.htm)

Humanity and the Earth are faced with an enormous conundrum -- sufficient climate policies enjoy
AND
sabotage to hasten the day. It is more fragile than it looks. 

Development makes global pandemics inevitable---causes extinction
Krepinevich 9 (Andrew, President of the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments and Distinguished Visiting Professor @ George Mason's School of Public Policy, Congressional Consultant on Military Affairs, PhD Harvard, "7 Deadly Scenarios," February)
Over the past several decades the world has experience a wave of globalization, far
AND
the "stealth" issues---the ones that we failed to detect.

DeDev cause cultural shift that solves inevitable extinction– growth causes agricultural collapse, environmental destruction, and nuclear war
Djordjevic 98 – Interdisciplinary Minor in Global Sustainability Senior Seminar University of California, Irvine, (Johnny, March, “Sustainability,” http://www.dbc.uci.edu/sustain/global/sensem/djordj98.html)
Max Weber believed in the power of an idea. This political theorist discussed how
AND
or ice age would trigger a new consciousness leading to a sustainable society.

Tournament: UTD | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Baylor Bacon-Boor | Judge: Bausch, Mathis, Moore
Prior to the affirmative’s statutory restrictions on warfare is a species war founding the Law itself. Permanent warfare on the nonhuman other is legitimised through intraspecies pacifism.
Wadiwel ‘9
Dinesh Wadiwel. Researcher at Hawke Research Institute for Sustainable Societies Social Policy Rsearch Group. 2009. “The War Against Animals: Domination, Law and Sovereignty”. Griffith Law Review 18.2. Pages 286-295.
In many respects, the foundation of modern political theory is marked by a concern
AND
violent forms of relationality and death quite literally in the name of friendship.

Begin Your Deliberation With an Ethical Connection to More Than Human Others. The 1AC’s Protests Exploitation Within Human Societies—This Reinforces Anthropocentric Separation At The Root of Otherization.
Rebecca Rose, Lecturer in Literature for Trinity College Foundation Studies, The University of Melbourne, 2006 COLLOQUY text theory critique  12 (2006) 

In recent decades concern for the human-human relationship has  brought attention to the
AND
to a design that has been billions of years in the making.29 

Anthropocentrism is THE Foundational Hierarchy that structures all others—Their Humanist Politics Dooms Us To a Future That Endlessly Repeats the Oppression of the Status Quo.
Steven Best, Chair of Philosophy at UT-EP, 2007 JCAS 5.2

While a welcome advance over the anthropocentric conceit that only humans shape human actions,
AND
drive us ever-deeper into an evolutionary cul-de-sac.

The 1AC promises redemption, repeating the sovereign decisiveness that founds the expulsion of the animal. Vote negative to refuse the affirmative’s decision to be human.  This renunciation expresses the undecidability between the human and animal.
Rossello ‘10
Diego, Asst Prof of PoliSci at Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile “Deciding to be Human? Benjamin and Schmitt on Political Theology and Animality.” Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, Sept, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1654674

Benjamin’s staging of the emergence of the animal in the ruler effectively deconstructs Schmitt’s efforts
AND
, however, a decision, but a melancholic awareness of an undecidability.

Tournament: UNT | Round: 4 | Opponent: Kansas City Kansas CC Casas-Gonzaba | Judge: Tomik
Steven Best writes:
Amidst the violence, racism, war, and social turbulence of the 1960s,
AND
that has been reproduced throughout history in numerous variations and permutations.xiii
Humanism is a performance that constantly produces an empty notion of human sovereignty.  
The 1AC appeal to a more perfect debate community does not escape the aporia between the human and the animal that lurks behind every political act
Wolf-Meyer 2004 Matthew, Asst Prof of Anthropology at the UC, Santa Cruz “The Open: Man and Animal.” http://reconstruction.eserver.org/BReviews/revTheOpen.htm

1 With no mention of his prior work on the issues of sovereignty
AND
be articulated, alongside bare life and the simplicity of "letting be."
Their appeal to Social Location as the starting point and imperative for ethics traps us in a circle of Self-Questioning and Self-Regard. Begin Ethics Through Encountering Difference—Our Bodies Are Interconnected With More than Human Systems.
Barbara Jane Davy, Ph.D. at Concordia University, Montreal, and currently serves as President of the Environmental Studies Association of Canada, 2003  The Trumpeter  Volume 19, Number 3 (2003)

According to Emmanuel Levinas, ethics ..others rather than  self-centred.    

10 BILLION Non-human animals in the US alone are slaughtered on the altar of anthropocentrism in factory farms  – that’s 2 million by the end of this debate. And the cruel deaths they face are at least a reprieve from a life of disease, torture, forced impregnation, and dismemberment. Globally the number of animals killed for is more than 7 TIMES the ENTIRE human population. 

Speciesism goes far beyond slaughterhouses. It can only be described as a vast apparatus of genocide and war against the non-human. It is one rendered powerful by its invisibility, the backdrop to any aspect of social or political life. THIS is TRUE structural violence.

Anthropocentrism is THE Foundational Hierarchy that structures all others—Their Humanist Politics Dooms Us To a Future That Endlessly Repeats the Oppression of the Status Quo.
Steven Best, Chair of Philosophy at UT-EP, 2007 JCAS 5.2

While a welcome advance over the anthropocentric conceit that only humans shape human actions,
AND
way for the domination of humans. The sexual subjugation of women, Patterson
suggests, was modeled after the domestication of animals, such that men began to
AND
and stewardship, which however was Judaic moral baggage official Chistianithy left behind.  

CONTINUES

Too many people with pretences to ethics, compassion, decency, justice, love
AND
drive us ever-deeper into an evolutionary cul-de-sac.
?
Your ethical imperative is Political Scholarship and Speech Against the Oppression Of Humanism.
Rather than produce the slaughterhouse of a so-called “radical” and more perfect humanity, vote negative to disrupt and revolutionize your humanist identity
Best No Date Steven, Chair of Philosophy at UT-EP, “Animal Rights and the New Enlightenment”, http://www.drstevebest.org/AnimalRightsandtheNewEnlightenment.htm 

Western society has made rapid moral progress since the 1960s. The student, black
AND
change; we must. The message of nature is evolve or die.

Tournament: UTD | Round: 2 | Opponent: Northern Iowa Shew-Simonson | Judge: Bunas
The affirmative requires a humanist thinking and speaking subject—radically devalues the nonhuman.
Bell and Russell 2000 Anne C. and Constance L., “Beyond Human, beyond Words: Anthropocentrism, Critical Pedagogy, and the Poststructuralist Turn”, Canadian Journal of Education, Vol. 25, No. 3 pp. 188-203, JSTOR 

Bowers (1993a, 1993b) has identified a number of root metaphors or and#34;
AND
more than material objects in nature is niland#34; (p. 108)
?

Anthropocentrism is THE Foundational Hierarchy that structures all others—Their Humanist Politics Dooms Us To a Future That Endlessly Repeats the Oppression of the Status Quo.
Steven Best, Chair of Philosophy at UT-EP, 2007 JCAS 5.2

While a welcome advance over the anthropocentric conceit that only humans shape human actions,
AND
and stewardship, which however was Judaic moral baggage official Chistianithy left behind.
Too many people with pretences to ethics, compassion, decency, justice, love
AND
drive us ever-deeper into an evolutionary cul-de-sac.

The 1AC promises redemption, repeating the sovereign decisiveness that founds the expulsion of the animal. Vote negative to refuse the affirmative’s decision to be human.  This renunciation expresses the undecidability between the human and animal.

Rossello ‘10
Diego, Asst Prof of PoliSci at Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile “Deciding to be Human? Benjamin and Schmitt on Political Theology and Animality.” Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, Sept, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1654674

Benjamin’s staging of the emergence of the animal in the ruler effectively deconstructs Schmitt’s efforts
AND
, however, a decision, but a melancholic awareness of an undecidability.

Tournament: UTD | Round: 2 | Opponent: Northern Iowa Shew-Simonson | Judge: Bunas
This is INTERNAL KRITIK, sometimes known as “immanent criticism.”
We take inspiration from Jones’s description –  Not:
themes  nor straightforwardly ...previously gone unrecognized.

She continues in 2011:
Jones 2011 Emma, Dr Phil at U Oregon, SPEAKING AT THE LIMIT: THE ONTOLOGY OF LUCE IRIGARAY’S ETHICS, IN DIALOGUE WITH LACAN AND HEIDEGGER
Irigaray’s texts, according ...two different subjects” (JLI: 3). 

4 Points of method.
METHOD POINT ONE: “asks not what...and supervised practices”  That’s Jones 2000

METHOD POINT TWO: Inconsistencies are a DOUBLE EDGED SWORD.
Writing in the context of feminism, Jones notes: , “contradiction, tension and ...phallocentric accounts.’

Rather, Jones says we must: “mobilize instabilities” that have “become productive, rather than celebrated for its own sake”
…
intervening in the ... growth and development”
She continues in 2000…
 Rachel, Phil at U Dundee, Hypatia 15.2: 151-158
Blindspots and ... French women philosophers.

this imperative is lost amidst their BIG STICK impact calculus.
Perhaps the concrete political struggles of plan recipients are not enough to justify the 1AC?
Martin Leet writes: 

But the romantic ....as less important.

Why can’t we make room for the everyday obligations that actually constitute the work of politics?  
Leet continues in 2006 Senior Research at the Brisbane Institute; with Roland Bleiker “From the Sublime to the Subliminal: Fear, Awe and Wonder in International Politics” Millennium v 34
Thus, by means ... need for justification. 

METHOD POINT 4: Voting negative discerns the divisions within their project, welcoming the 1AC by setting aside its claims to solve its terminal impact.

Instead of judging them against an external standard, we test the 1AC against itself.
Pavlich notes kritik’s Etymology Opens Up to:
to judge, but...differentiate and decide

He continues:
George Pavlich 2000
Dept Sociology at University of Alberta, “NIETZSCHE, CRITIQUE AND THE PROMISE OF NOT BEING THUS . . .”International Journal for the Semiotics of Law 13: 357–375, 2000
One question: what ... all the better’.35

1NR Cards:

The 1AC mirrors the USFG strategy of “playing it safe” instead of risking an impossible choice.
Bousquet 2006
 Antoine Bousquet, Research Student IR at London  School Economics “Time Zero: Hiroshima, September 11 and Apocalyptic Revelations in Historic Consciousness” Millennium

This article considers ... of Messianic time.4
continued… 

The essential point ... continuity upon it.  

The 1AC MIRRORS the sense of historical destiny driving democratic exceptionalism
O’Donnell 04
Marcus, a part time tutor in the Journalism
program UTS School of Humanities and Social Sciences “Bring it on”: the apocalypse of George W. Bush http://possibleworlds.blogs.com/apocalyptics/files/MIA-MODApocalypseLong.pdf

The apocalyptic myth, ... of Bush’s speeches.

Tournament: Uco | Round: 1 | Opponent: UT Dallas Velasquez-Ogbuli | Judge: Gordon
The aff rejects the inevitable chaos of the world in favor of a safer world-this causes ressentiment
Paul Saurette, PhD in political theory at John Hopkins U, in 96 "I mistrust all systematizers and avoid them': Nietzshce, Arendt and the Crisis of the Will to Order in INternational Relations Theory." Millenium Journal of International Studies. Vol. 25 no. 1 page 3-6
The Will to Order and Politics-as-Making The Philosophical Foundation of the
AND
, the Will to Order becomes .the fundamental philosophical principle of modernity. 

The affirmative runs from the horror of existence – suffering and tragedy are inevitable and avoidance causes ressentiment
Kain 07 (Philip J., professor of philosophy at University of Santa Clara, “Nietzsche, Eternal Recurrence, and the Horror of Existence,” the Journal of Nietzsche Studies)
We have seen that in Nietzsche's opinion we cannot bear meaningless suffering and so we
AND
) in opposition to the meaning he has succeeded in imposing on it.

Melancholy negates the will to act – it makes us slaves of the powerful and makes our fears of death absurd – vote negative to reject the 1AC salvation morality
Deleuze and Parnet ‘87
famous philosopher, Professor of Philosophy at the Sorbonne, Dialogues II, European Perspectives, with Claire Parnet, freelance journalist, translated by Hugh Tomlinson and Barbara Habberjam, 2002 pgs.61-62

When Spinoza says 'The surprising thing is the body ... we do not yet know
AND
of salvation, teaching to soul its life, not to save it.

And, the alternative is to affirm a metaphorical diceroll, that is to affirm chance and destiny. This means to take life as is even if it means exposing yourself to the violence of the 1ac
Deleuze 83 GILLES, “NIETZSCHE AND PHILOSOPHY”, PG. 25-27
The game has two moments which are those of a dicethrow — the dice that
AND
the repetition of a dicethrow by the nature of the fatally obtained number.

Tournament: UTD | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Baylor Bacon-Boor | Judge: Bausch, Mathis, Moore
The aff’s rejection of chaos constructs an unreal perfect world opposite reality that they order themselves to – this engenders ressentiment. They blame the chaos that is a part of them on their neighbor, and try to eradicated it.
Paul Saurette, PhD in political theory at John Hopkins U, in 96 "I mistrust all systematizers and avoid them': Nietzshce, Arendt and the Crisis of the Will to Order in INternational Relations Theory." Millenium Journal of International Studies. Vol. 25 no. 1 page 3-6
The Will to Order and Politics-as-Making The Philosophical Foundation of the
AND
, the Will to Order becomes .the fundamental philosophical principle of modernity. 

Extinction is inevitable – it doesn’t matter that it will happen, the only thing that matters is how
D. Vogt 02 (D. Vogt is a writer and historical researcher, and manager of the Canadian History channel on Helium. He is a graduate student in history, and holds graduate and undergraduate degrees in international studies and history. He lives in Prince George and conducts research in Ottawa, both in Canada.) http://www.helium.com/items/1885414-why-the-human-race-is-doomed-to-extinction
Sooner or later, the human race is doomed to extinction: the only real
AND
intelligent species like ours are able to escape the consequences of their own genius

Value is Not Based on Duration or Longevity – Living As If We’re Never-Going-to-Die, Just Means We Will Die Having-Never-Really-Lived.
Razinsky, 2k9 (Liran Razinsky. “How to Look Death in the Eyes: Freud and Bataille” SubStance, Issue 119 (Volume 38, Number 2). 2009. Pg 76-81 ProjectMuse. KevC)
Thus far we have mainly discussed our first two questions: the limitation in imagining
AND
left out, life “as it is” is false and superficial.

Death is not an impact
Deleuze and Guattari 1972, Anti-Oedipus, 330-39,
But it seems that things are becoming very obscure, for what is this distinction
AND
end up following behind and being swallowed up-a question of regime. 

The affirmative posits themselves as masters of the theatre of policy, able to create a new reality which more closely resembles the ideal form which makes their plan defensible. This drive towards purification and explanation, this will to truth, is an attempt to escape suffering and creative potential which negates life.
Turanli 2k3 aydan, “nietzsche and the later wittgenstein”, journal of nietzsche studies, issue 26, p. 61-2, muse
The craving for absolutely general specifications results in doing metaphysics. Unlike Wittgenstein, Nietzsche
AND
the way out of the fly-bottle” (PI §309). 

This is a death or death decision – even if the affirmative can sidestep a few instances of extinction, they’ll never stop it. What’s left is a ballot for the affirmative, that tries to avoid death and ensures that we unwillingly meet another demise, or a ballot for the negative, that affirms extinction and allows our love for life while we have it and death when we don’t. Absent love for our fate, we’re left with ressentiment, hate for our life, and a meaningless preservation of life. Either accept death and make life meaningful, or avoid it, and make life meaningless.
Joanne Faulkner, ARC Research Fellow in the School of History and Philosophy at the University of New South Wales, Spring/Autumn 2008, “The Innocence of Victimhood Versus the “Innocence of Becoming”: Nietzsche, 9/11, and the “Falling Man””, The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, Project MUSE, umn-rks
Most significantly, for the purposes of this essay, we can perhaps see now
AND
be out in the air … it must have felt like flying.” 33

Melancholy negates the will to act – it makes us slaves of the powerful and makes our fears of death absurd – voting negative rejects the 1AC salvation morality
Deleuze and Parnet ‘87
famous philosopher, Professor of Philosophy at the Sorbonne, Dialogues II, European Perspectives, with Claire Parnet, freelance journalist, translated by Hugh Tomlinson and Barbara Habberjam, 2002 pgs.61-62

When Spinoza says 'The surprising thing is the body ... we do not yet know
AND
of salvation, teaching to soul its life, not to save it.

Tournament: Uco | Round: 4 | Opponent: UT San Antonio Colwell-Robertson | Judge: Cook
The 1AC presumption that we can undermine Western epistemology by making native voices heard is a fantasy that covers over the way identities are coded and ordered by larger structures of power.
Panu, Assistant Professor at Laurier, 2009
Mihnea, Contextualizing Family Planning: Truth, Subject, and the Other in the U.S. Government, p.194-195

More generally, the political imagination of the liberal subject is structured by the nodal
AND
(whenever it invokes the natural subject) (Foucault 2003, 40). 

Colonial delinking lies prey to the operations of power – the focus on racial exclusion misses the INCLUSIONARY and ASSIMILATORY goals of capitalism and biopolitics – their politics devolves into a facile multiculturalism
Cheah 2006 (Pheng, Professor of Rhetoric at UC Berkeley, http://townsendcenter.berkeley.edu/publications/limits-thinking-decolonial-strategies)

What I would like to focus on are not the details of Mignolo’s polemical criticisms
AND
of the production of the bodily needs and interests of subjects claiming alterity.  

Radical strategies of visibility are part of sovereign violence. Their call for “dialogue” will be co-toped.
Forte in 2009 Maximilian C., Professor of Anthropology Montreal, May 22, “Useless Anthropology”: Strategies for Dealing with the Militarization of the Academy « ZERO ANTHROPOLOGY, http://zeroanthropology.net/2009/05/22/e2809cuseless-anthropologye2809d-strategies-for-dealing-with-the-militarization-of-the-academy/#print

One does not need to seek employment with the Pentagon, take part in counterinsurgency
AND
is simply to leave here today and continue to conduct business as usual. 

Instead of trying to have a dialogue with Western epistemology, the alternative is to go off the grid. Becoming unintelligible is a more radical challenge to the historical formation of power.
Britton 99 Celia, Professor of French teaches French Caribbean literature and thought, postcolonial theory; surrealism in the Caribbean; psychoanalysis and colonialism; literature and ideology; images of community; the Nouveau Roman, Edouard Glissant and Postcolonial Theory: Strategies of Language and Resistance, pgs. 18-25

The forest provided invisibility, in other words, but is no longer an adequate
AND
knowledge, and hence the anxiety, that it is trying to suppress.

Tournament: Uco | Round: 1 | Opponent: UT Dallas Velasquez-Ogbuli | Judge: Gordon
Evaluate this kritik like a Topicality violation—Voting negative intervenes to establish community standards by enforcing an interpretation of how we should assemble evidence—Even if policyamking is the norm, we need procedural arguments to address issues that cannot be remedied from within the fiat game.
Oliver Kessler describes The Paradox of Risk
If the risk ... endeavor breaks down.
The PARADOX OF RISK makes predictive policy-making a free fire zone—For example the Iraq War was justified through hyped up-evidence, and gaps in causal chains were systematically ignored—The offense/defense paradigm encourages debaters to jam together every ‘plausible risk’ —As Donald Rumsfeld said, “The absence of evidence is not the evidence of absence.”
Kessler continues in 2008
 Oliver Kessler, Sociology at University of Bielefeld,   “From Insecurity to Uncertainty:  Risk and the Paradox of Security Politics” Alternatives  33 (2008), 211-232 

The problem of ... with relative certaity. 

B. Subpoint: Interpretation
Policy research combining causal links to reach a terminal impact should accurately represent the significance of evidence and account for clashes of assumption and context.
Lake 2011
David Lake, Prof Polsci at UC-SD, “Why “isms” Are Evil: Theory, Epistemology, and Academic Sects as Impediments to Understanding and Progress” International Studies Quarterly Volume 55, Issue 2, pages 465–480, June 2011
Our duty as ... bring to bear.

C Subpoint: Violation, aka The RESEARCH BLENDER
The 1AC strings together internal-links to reach an infinite impact—This paves over of clashes of context and assumptions, turning 1AC research into vacuous mush. 

David M. Berube 2000
 Associate Professor of Speech Communication and Director of Debate at the University of South Carolina. Contemporary Argumentation and Debate 21: 53-73 http://www.cedadebate.org/CAD/index.php/CAD/article/viewFile/248/232
The dead ends ... a critical lens.

D. Subpoint: Epistemic Responsibility is a voting issue— If there is any residual value to the 1AC, send them back to write a better case

First, Epistemic Responsibility is a Prior Question—They erode the research standards required to evaluate the plan and make good decisions about risk—If our interpretation is bad, it’s THEIR burden to make a counter-interpretation.

Bergerson 2006 Gender Modified*
Melissa, Prof Phil at Florida Int’l U, “ The Ethics of Belief: Conservative Belief Management” Social Epistemology 20.1: 67-78

Emphasizing the goodness... state of affairs.

Second, Communicating research standards is a prerequisite to policy-relevant scholarship—Reflection on how our academic institutions frame knowledge is epistemic prudence, NOT idle navel gazing, NOR a demand for perfect knowledge
Pierce continues in 2011
 Matthew Eagleton-Pierce, International Political Economy at the London School of Economics and Political Science “Reflexive International Relations,” Millennium March 111/113

This article advances ... of IR theorists.  

Three, ‘reject the team not the argument.’—Do NOT use use the kritik as a lens to weigh the plan—INSTEAD, your ballot must establish community standards that incentivize better practices of research and prediction.
Schliesser et al 2011
Eric Schliesser Department of Philosophy and Moral Science
Blandijnberg and Merel Lefevere Ghent University
“Private Epistemic Virtue, Public Vices: Moral Responsibility in the Policy Sciences” http://econ.as.nyu.edu/docs/IO/21480/Schliesser_12122011.pdf
Of course, we... have any meaning.” 48 (Emphasis added).

Four. Voting negative is a moment of dissensus, not a whole-sale rejection of policymaking—Holding the 1AC accountable for how they frame knowledge is a prerequisite to democratic politics—Planning becomes ANTI-POLITICAL if we cannot debate the terms of our debates—This is also the ROLE OF THE BALLOT for the other kritik.
Russell et. al. 2011
“Reframing Evidence Synthesis As Rhetorical Action in the Policy Making Drama,” Recadrer la synthèse des preuves comme une mesure de pure forme dans le drame de l’élaboration de politiques, Trisha Greenhalgh and Jill Russell
Trisha Greenhalgh, Professor of Primary Health Care, University College London, London, England; Correspondence may be directed to Prof. Trisha Greenhalgh Department of Primary Care and Population Sciences, University College London, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2585323/   @JP Miller

Whereas the technical... policy making table.

Tournament: UTD | Round: 2 | Opponent: Northern Iowa Shew-Simonson | Judge: Bunas
The aff inserts the existence of humanity into the exchange economy and the military industrial complex—their call to solve extinction is nothing more than draining the life out of the so-called “victims”
Baudrillard 96 (Jean Baudrillard The Perfect Crime, 1996, pg 133 – 137)

Our reality: that ... never from misfortune

Tournament: UNT | Round: 5 | Opponent: Baylor Bacon-Boor | Judge: Mathis
1NC: Preempts PIK 1/2
We Begin with Our Alternative – Reject their Performance of Pre-Emption within the First Affirmative Constructive. 

Starting Communication with Pre-Emption Must Be Rejected – Attempts to Track and Predict Opponents Collapses Deliberation – It Produces a Situation Where ‘Coincidence’ Takes the Place of ‘Communication’
Crandall, 2k6. (Jordan Crandall, Media Artist, Theorist, Assistant Professor of Visual Arts @ the Univ of California. “Precision + Guided + Seeing” 1000 Days of Theory. Ctheory. Online @ http://www.ctheory.net/articles.aspx?id=502#bio J.Miller AAAAA)
When, in a competitive consumer-security culture, machine-aided perception moves
AND
inclination-position. Based on my previous patterns of writing and the literary
CONTINUED?
1NC: Preempts PIK 2/2
CONTINUED
conventions that it follows, I am likely to write three more sentences in this
AND
 They are bundled into tracking. Character background. Back-story.
Continued… STRATEGY GAMES also play an important role in this historical drama.
AND
more essential than that which it represents. Pattern is privileged over presence.   
Continued…  IF TRACKING moves toward an instantaneity of action -- eliminating time and
AND

dispositions to act that accumulate just at the horizon of the visible.

Tournament: Uco | Round: 1 | Opponent: UT Dallas Velasquez-Ogbuli | Judge: Gordon
Interpretation – Restriction requires prohibition
Northglenn 11
(City of Northglenn Zoning Ordinance, “Rules of Construction – Definitions”, http://www.northglenn.org/municode/ch11/content_11-5.html)
Section 11-5-3. Restrictions. As used in this Chapter 11 of the Municipal Code, the term "restriction" shall mean a prohibitive regulation. Any use, activity, operation, building, structure or thing which is the subject of a restriction is prohibited, and no such use, activity, operation, building, structure or thing shall be authorized by any permit or license.
 “In the area” means all of the activities
United Nations 13
(United Nations Law of the Sea Treaty, http://www.un.org/depts/los/convention_agreements/texts/unclos/part1.htm)
PART I¶ INTRODUCTION¶ Article 1
Use of terms and scope¶ 1. For the purposes of this Convention:¶ (1) "Area" means the seabed and ocean floor and subsoil thereof, beyond the limits of national jurisdiction;¶ (2) "Authority" means the International Seabed Authority;¶ (3) "activities in the Area" means all activities of exploration for, and exploitation of, the resources of the Area;
Violation: The aff is only a condition or limit. 

Voters: 

1. Fairness – Predictable limits – Anything not a prohibition explodes the topic to an infinite number of affs. Our interp would limit it to 4 areas and process mechanisms. Gives the topic 8 affs.

2. Education –Depth is Better than breadth, key to the best understanding of the resolution. Leads to better clash and in-round education.

Tournament: Uco | Round: 5 | Opponent: Kansas Carey-Duff | Judge: Russell
A. Interpretation – Armed Forces refers to U.S. soldiers – not weapons systems or individuals operating remote weapons systems
Lorber 13 – Eric Lorber, J.D. Candidate, University of Pennsylvania Law School, Ph.D Candidate, Duke University Department of Political Science. January 2013, "Executive Warmaking Authority and Offensive Cyber Operations: Can Existing Legislation Successfully Constrain Presidential Power?" University of Pennsylvania Journal of Contsitutional Law, 15 U. Pa. J. Const. L. 961, lexis nexis
As is evident from a ... trigger the War Powers Resolution.

B. Violation – the affirmative only restricts the introduction of weapons systems into hostilities but not actual armed forces

C. Reasons to prefer

1. Limits – tons of diff weapons and other tools armed forces can use that are not the forces themselves.  Attempting to anticipate how we might define armed forces in the future explodes our research burden and destroys predictability.  
   2. Ground – there is a huge distinction in the literature between the troops and weapons and systems.  Troops on the ground are key to specific disad links about military personnel and deployment of military resources as well as the implications of sending American troops into conflict zones.  
   3. Extra topicality is an independent voting issue – restricting elements of the military writ large without specific discussion of troops proves the resolution is insufficient to solve, limits topic specific education, and independently destroys negative ground.

D. It’s a voting issue for education and fairness