Tournament: UMKC | Round: 1 | Opponent: Northern Iowa Shew-Simonson | Judge: Garcia-Lugo

Restricting Presidential war powers is merely a cosmetic alteration that ramps up the species war ongoing against the nonhuman other.

Kochi ’9
Tarik Kochi. Sussex Law School. 2009. and#34;Species War: Law, Violence and Animalsand#34;. Law, Culture and the Humanities. Volume 5. Number 3. Pages 353-369.

In everyday speech, in the words of the media, politicians, protestors,  
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resides a species war carried out by humans against non-human  animals.
At first glance such a claim may sound like it has little to do with
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of  Gesetz which refers more closely to positive or black letter laws.1
 To focus upon the broader category of the Law of war is to put
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suggestion that at the foundation of the Law of war resides   species war. 

~Links~

The Role of Your Ballot Is Liberatory Scholarship Towards the Standpoint of the Nonhuman Oppression
Anthropocentrism is THE Foundational Hierarchy that structures all others—Their Humanist Politics Dooms Us To a Future That Endlessly Repeats the Oppression of the Status Quo.

Steven Best, Chair of Philosophy at UT-EP, 2007 ~JCAS 5.2~

While a welcome advance over the anthropocentric conceit that only humans shape human actions,
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and stewardship, which however was Judaic moral baggage official Chistianithy left behind.  
Too many people with pretences to ethics, compassion, decency, justice, love
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drive us ever-deeper into an evolutionary cul-de-sac.

Your ethical imperative is Political Scholarship and Speech Against the Oppression Of Humanism.
Rather than produce the slaughterhouse of a so-called and#34;radicaland#34; and more perfect humanity, vote negative to disrupt and revolutionize your humanist identity

Best No Date ~Steven, Chair of Philosophy at UT-EP, and#34;Animal Rights and the New Enlightenmentand#34;, http://www.drstevebest.org/AnimalRightsandtheNewEnlightenment.htm-http://www.drstevebest.org/AnimalRightsandtheNewEnlightenment.htm~~ 

Western society has made rapid moral progress since the 1960s. The student, black
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change; we must. The message of nature is evolve or die.

Tournament: Vegas | Round: 5 | Opponent: Oklahoma Harris-Whitaker | Judge: Cook
Voting aff functions as an interpretation of the 1ac speech act. When you vote aff, you have made a value judgement on the speech and thereby decided what it means – the alternative requires the destruction of the structures that allow for systems of meaning to be created – refuse to interpret the 1ac in the way that they want you to, or in any way at all
Sontag 66 (Susan, Against Interpretation, http://www.uiowa.edu/~~c08g001d/Sontag_AgainstInterp.pdf)
The fact is, all Western consciousness of and reflection upon art have remained within
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duplicates of it, until we again experience more immediately what we have.
Their ontology does not challenge human correlationism—even if they challenge thought as being or subject as object, all of these investigations operate with a human referent.
Shaviro ’11
Steven Shaviro. Professor of English at Wayne State. October 4 2011. "Panpsychism And/Or Eliminativism". The Pinocchio Theory. http://www.shaviro.com/Blog/?p=1012.

In order to untie this knot of thought and being, it is necessary to
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slime molds and bacteria, communicate, calculate, and make arbitrary decisions.
But in fact correlationism is not reducible to humanism, nor to notions of subjectivity
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at best, it merely replaces this with an impersonal noocentrism or logocentrism.
In order to step outside the correlationist circle, Meillassoux insists that we must displace
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essentially unaffected by whether or not anyone thinks it" (emphasis added).
This vertical ontology enables all violent hierarchies—even if the affirmative resolves ontic violence, it makes the ontological conditioning of violence inevitable
Bryant ’11
Levi Bryant. Professor of Philosophy at Collin College. 2011. "A Logic of Multiplicities: Deleuze, Immanence, and Onticology". Analecta Hermeneutica. Pages 2-3.

It thus follows that ontologies organized around transcendence are hierarchical. For this reason we
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without any worldly entities being capable of affecting it in any way whatsoever.
Plato provides us with a striking example of a vertical ontology, yet verticalities lurk
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terms are, in these frameworks, treated as unconditional conditions and surveillance. 

Either they do know something outside of themselves, which is something contradictory to their understanding of Dasein or ontology, or they don’t get access to the outside world, s it’s unknown to us, and there’s no grounding for their politics or ontological transition
The alternative is to endorse a flat ontology—leveling the agency of all objects is necessary to overcome the violence of dualism
Bryant ’11
Levi Bryant. Professor of Philosophy at Colin College. 2011. "A Logic of Multiplicities: Deleuze, Immanence, and Onticology". Analecta Hermeneutica. Pages 3-5.

Onticology, for its part, endorses an ontology premised on immanence or a "
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in principle, in the sense of being capable of breaking with relations.
Without sharing all of his ontological positions, I draw the term "flat ontology" from Manuel DeLanda. As DeLanda puts it,
While an ontology based on relations between general types and particular instances is hierarchical, each level representing a different ontological category (organism, species, genera), an approach in terms of interacting parts and emergent wholes leads to a flat ontology, one made exclusively of unique, singular individuals, differing in spatio-temporal scale but not in ontological status.9
Such is an ontology of immanence. Within a flat ontology, being is composed
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are not transcendent terms that stand over, above, and outside individuals.

Tournament: UMKC | Round: 1 | Opponent: Northern Iowa Shew-Simonson | Judge: Garcia-Lugo
Evaluate the 1AC versus the Alternative as Events of Communication in a Debate Network
Your Ballot Catalyzes Change Through Cutting Across HABITS Of Thought and Emotion Organizing the Status Quo—Routines that Have Emerged Historically Through Chaotic Processes of Transformation—
Novelty  Erupts!—Making Creative Education Possible Amidst Informational Complexity.
Inna Semestky, Professor Education at the University of Newcastle, 2008
“On the Creative Logic of Education, or: Re-reading Dewey through the lens of complexity science” Educational Philosophy and Theory, Vol. 40, No. 1, 2008

The dynamics of the process are  cooperative,  as we have … the causal model of scienti?c explanation.

THE BETRAYAL.  IT IS DISCONCERTING THAT SOME INDIVIDUALS MERELY STAND WITH THE DISPOSSESSED.  DO WE REALLY BELIEVE THAT PEOPLE WHO ARE SUFFERING WANT US TO JUST OBSERVE THEIR SUFFERING?  OR DO THEY WANT US TO STRIVE TOWARDS ACTUALIZING THEIR CONCERNS? 

THE QUESTION WE SHOULD BE ASKING OUR SELVES IS “HOW CAN CONCERN BE SUSTAINED, ACTUALIZED, AND CONTINUED?”  ANYTHING LESS IS BETRAYAL.

RASKIN, PROF OF PUBLIC POLICY, 1999     
(Marcus, G Wash U, Transnational Law and Contemporary Problems, Fall)

As I have noted, world social categories and knowledge systems …knowledge is an instrument of domination for the few, demands recognition.
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The 1AC’s incorporation of experiences is the flip-side of colonization—Turning them into resources to be exploited for their political project.
Forte 2009 Maximilian C., Professor of Anthropology Montreal, Terms of Incorporation, Concepts of Domination, Novermber 8, http://zeroanthropology.net/2009/11/08/0-185-terms-of-incorporation-concepts-of-domination/

Today, in fact, it might appear …should deepen this discussion much further.

Is this a judgment against judgment? Perhaps, But We Do NOT Offer External Criteria Against Which to Judge the 1AC. We Instead Test the 1AC’s Coherence—Discerning an Implicit Double Turn:
They deploy normative judgment against judgments of normativity.
Judgment is not the only alternative. Pavlich Writes That Critique’s Etymology Opens Up:
to judge, but also separate, discern, discriminate, select, differentiate and decide.*

We “imagine images of … in judging them, but in perceiving, in separating, in dividing”*

“Divide the 1AC Into Two Piles.
Welcome The 1AC’s Imperative to Overcome the Limitations of Status Quo Democracy Assistance. Set Aside the 1AC Impact Calculus as Justification for the Plan.”

We gesture towards a new grammar ….,  known, historical horizons persist intact.”*

We welcome the experiences suppressed by the status quo as their own justification.
Suspending Judgment on 1AC Criteria Builds Affective Capacities for Political Engagement.

Leet 02 Gender Modified*
Martin Leet, Research Fellow in International Studies at The University  of Queensland, 2002 “After-effects of Knowledge: Dogmatic Retreats and Sceptical Adventures” Critical Horizons 3:2  (201-223)

 As with respect to nature, the …, upon an ability to become  detached  from one’s surroundings.

Tournament: UNLV | Round: 3 | Opponent: UT San Antonio Colwell-Robertson | Judge: Bausch
The 1AC raises the question of how we should constitute our relationship to the opacity, border, western history, and the violence of coloniality

Rather than rushing to judge the 1AC, we pause to ask: 

Is the 1AC really an opaque resistance to coloniality?
This is INTERNAL KRITIK, sometimes known by the fancy buzzword “immanent criticism.”

We take inspiration from Jones’s description:
 “utilize our own subject-position as a blank screen on which to reflect the ruptures and inconsistencies at the heart of their  discourse.”
Not:
themes  nor straightforwardly …reviously gone unrecognized

What is the negative’s role?
Jones says:
, by revealing … place for such revelations to occur.

 Jones 2011 Emma, Dr Phil at U Oregon, SPEAKING AT THE LIMIT: THE ONTOLOGY OF LUCE IRIGARAY’S ETHICS, IN DIALOGUE WITH LACAN AND HEIDEGGER

Irigaray’s texts, according to Whitford, cannot be …elationship between two different subjects” (JLI: 3). 

External kritiks like Anthropocentrism have their value, but we also examine the inconsistencies undermining the 1AC from within.
4 Points 0f method.

METHOD POINT ONE: “asks not what discourses say but what they do, not as bodies of truth, but as institutionally produced and supervised practices”  That’s Jones 2000

METHOD POINT TWO: Inconsistencies are a DOUBLE EDGED SWORD.
Writing in the context of feminism, Jones notes: , “contradiction, tension and instability sustain phallocentric accounts.’

Undoing dominant paradigms is thus not a blanket celebration of inconsistency.
Rather Jones says we must: “mobilize instabilities” that have “become productive, rather than celebrated for its own sake”

The 1AC inconsistencies limit their possibility—But we will do our best to turn their double-turn lemons into kritikal lemonade.
Jones provides this gloss for our relationship to the 1AC:
intervening in the history of philosophy so as to “open it up to its own lacks and inadequacies, not as a source of weakness, but as a site for its growth and development”
…
 mobilizes the unstable status of texts by women thinkers to sustain new philosophical thought

She continues in 2000…
 Rachel, Phil at U Dundee, Hypatia 15.2: 151-158
Blindspots and elisions, fissures and omissions: … of commentary themselves—Deutscher's project opens (feminist) philosophy to the rich resources to be found in the work of less well known French women philosophers.
METHOD POINT THREE: Does the 1AC reckon with its inconsistencies?—AKA, the links
Rather than interrupt the will to transparency, their exportation of local narratives and sites of resistant into a larger speech code and their presentation of the 1AC double turns the aff. Theit publicization of local sites of coloniality
Is their author’s understanding of coloniality on that demands opacity? Or do they demand something else? The affirmative must come to terms with this implicit double-turn.

Their speech act works in opposition to opaque politics – their exportation of local struggles and presentation allows for greater survelliance and violence
Britton 99 Celia, Professor of French teaches French Caribbean literature and thought, postcolonial theory; surrealism in the Caribbean; psychoanalysis and colonialism; literature and ideology; images of community; the Nouveau Roman, Edouard Glissant and Postcolonial Theory: Strategies of Language and Resistance, pgs. 18-25 *Gender Modified  

The forest provided invisibility, in other words, but is no longer an … the knowledge, and hence the anxiety, that it is trying to suppress.   

METHOD POINT 4: Voting negative discerns the divisions within their project, welcoming the 1AC by negating claims to solve an impact.
Instead of judging them against an external standard, we test the 1AC against itself.
Pavlich notes kritik’s Etymology Opens Up to:
to judge, but also separate, discern, discriminate, select, dif-  ferentiate and decide.” *(2005)

We do not resent their necessary judgments, but the 1AC did not live up to its potential. We perform what Pavlich describes as:
processes of becoming, rearranging sign  constellations and practices to allow new life to emerge

He continues: 

George Pavlich 2000
Dept Sociology at University of Alberta, “NIETZSCHE, CRITIQUE AND THE PROMISE OF NOT BEING THUS . . .”International Journal for the Semiotics of Law 13: 357–375, 2000
One question: what is at stake in seeming to judge the foundations … them from their sleep. Perhaps it would invent them sometimes – all the better’.35 

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As Hogeven puts it…
Altering existing …accomplished and to what ends, 

Hogeven continues in 2006
Bryan, Sociology at U of Alberta with Andrew Woolford Sociology at U of Manitoba “Critical Criminology and Possibility in the Neo-liberal Ethos” Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice 48.5
Thus, it is first imperative that criminologists reflect on …ive targeting of the poorest segments of the population by the state's policing arm, and the eerie absence of the most powerful from the courtroom - other than as officials whose 696 

We do not merely expose how the 1AC fails. As Shahani puts it, we:
shift from the hermeneutic of suspicion to a critical practice that allows for a  critical re-assembling or a mapping that moves beyond the aporias of the paranoid faith in  demystification.  In a Kleinian framework, infants or adults constantly oscillate between  the depressive position and the reparative position that promises pleasure seeking  possibilities.  According to Sedgwick, the depressive position is temporarily occupied by  the infant or adult as an escape from the threat and violence of trauma so that the  resulting anxiety can be contained by the ego.  It is from this depressive position of  anxiety that the adult or infant attempts “to assemble or ‘repair’ the murderous part-  objects into something like a whole—though . . . not necessarily like any preexisting  whole” (
Shahani continues in 2006
NISHANT SHAHANI, PhD UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, 2006
QUEER PEDAGOGY AND AMERICAN STUDIES: A REPARATIVE RE-THINKING
In her essay “Paranoid Reading and Reparative Reading, or  … in turn, could have  happened differently from the way it actually did” (146).

Tournament: UNLV | Round: 1 | Opponent: Fresno State Caffrey-Casiano-Barton | Judge: Van Luvanee

If a performance falls in the forest but nobody hears it, does it make a sound?

Their political strategy relies on implicit norms of recognition – What makes their aesthetic intervention subversive? Is the debate master watching, displeased by their self-expression?

They only produce a self-revelatory discourse that disavows an understanding of agency as driven by material forces and acts that work THROUGH the subject, rather than the object of conscious manipulation

Grosz 2000 ~Elizabeth Grosz, Professor of Comparative Literature at the City University of New York http://web.gc.cuny.edu/csctw/found_object/text/grosz.htm~~

Elizabeth It is not mediated enough. I’m quite sure that there is a link
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which is the refusal of that capacity to take on a mimicking denaturalization.   
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And, The 1AC presumption that we can re-energize debate by starting with ourselves is a neoliberal fantasy that obscures the way our identities are coded and ordered by larger structures of power.

Panu, Assistant Professor at Laurier, 2009 ~Mihnea, Contextualizing Family Planning: Truth, Subject, and the Other in the U.S. Government, p.194-195~
¶ More generally, the political imagination of the liberal subject is structured by the
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(whenever it invokes the natural subject) (Foucault 2003, 40).  

Radical strategies of visibility are part of sovereign violence. Their call for "dialogue" will be co-opted.

Forte in 2009 ~Maximilian C., Professor of Anthropology Montreal, May 22, "Useless Anthropology": Strategies for Dealing with the Militarization of the Academy « ZERO ANTHROPOLOGY, http://zeroanthropology.net/2009/05/22/e2809cuseless-anthropologye2809d-strategies-for-dealing-with-the-militarization-of-the-academy/~~23print~~

One does not need to seek employment with the Pentagon, take part in counterinsurgency
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is simply to leave here today and continue to conduct business as usual.   

Instead of trying to re-energize the public sphere, our alternative is to go off the grid. Becoming unintelligible is a more radical challenge to the historical formation of power.

Britton 99 ~Celia, Professor of French teaches French Caribbean literature and thought, postcolonial theory; surrealism in the Caribbean; psychoanalysis and colonialism; literature and ideology; images of community; the Nouveau Roman, Edouard Glissant and Postcolonial Theory: Strategies of Language and Resistance, pgs. 18-25~ *Gender Modified  

The forest provided invisibility, in other words, but is no longer an adequate
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knowledge, and hence the anxiety, that it is trying to suppress.

Tournament: UNLV | Round: 5 | Opponent: Oklahoma Harris-Whitaker | Judge: Cook
Maggie McLure describes what she calls “a wider lexicon of uncertainty and disappointment” emerging from the RUINS of western enlightenment:
…
failure entanglement disconcertion getting stuck unintelligibility getting lost
bafflement abjection stuttering rupture haunting trouble mourning discomfort
As a result, she writes:
We have also seen a cast of postmodern characters, lurking, strolling or dancing in the ruins of research – the trickster, nomad, joker, flâneur and so on. Not forgetting that figure of mischief par excellence - Woman. SLIDE: Personae of the postmodern researcher trickster hybrid nomad flâneur cyborg angel mestiza vampire dancer gangsta rapper ‘Woman’ etc…2
If this is what the affirmative promised us, then WE are disappointed.
Instead, they must work through the ruins of the resolution
MacLure 2010 Maggie MacLure,  Manchester Metropolitan University, “Qualitative inquire: where are the ruins?” http://www.esri.mmu.ac.uk/respapers/nzareRuins.pdf

I want to use the notion of … of the authentic subject to be heard.

*READ IN TAG NOT CARD
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they have FAILED to work through the ruins-the letter they read may have some potential, but just as their advocacy begins to take off, full with energy and potential they fall back into the old traditions of research and philosophy, there are a few problems
First, The wreckage of recognition
Elizabeth Grosz asks:
What is it that subjects seek?
To be recognized? Cornell and Murphy ask the crucial question—the question at the very heart of the Hegelian structure of recognition: to be recognized by whom? From whom do oppressed groups and individuals seek identity through recognition?
We might ask the same question of the affirmative about the internal-link between voting for them and their impacts. What can your ballot do?
Is the affirmative appealing to an implicit structure of recognition that entraps them in the status quo?
Grosz continues in 2005
Elizabeth A. Grosz is an Australian feminist academic living and working in the USA. She is known for philosophical interpretations of the work of French philosophers Jacques Lacan, Jacques Derrida, Michel Foucault and Gilles Deleuze, as well as her readings of the works of French feminists, Luce Irigaray, Julia Kristeva and Michele Le Doeuff. She has mainly written on questions of corporeality and their relations to the sciences and the arts. She has held tenured positions at The University of Sydney, Monash University, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Rutgers University and Duke University.
Time Travels: Feminism, Nature, Power p. 83-89 Grosz A4

What is it that subjects seek…t Cornell and Murphy seek in their essay)?

Their identification with the American public is melodramatic politics on par with Bush declaring our “Mission Accomplished” – their triumphalism ultimately double-turns itself as it results in the expansion of violent power
Anker 2012 Elisabeth Anker is Assistant Professor of American Studies at The George Washington University, “Heroic Identifications: Or, “You Can Love Me Too – I am so Like the State” Theory and Event  Volume 15, Issue 1 Anker 1

“Heroic Identifications” examines the … “identification is not only how we accede to power, but it is how we learn submission.”7

Second-Decorating the edifice
The 1AC offers a theory backed by a series of anecdotes that “slide home like a bolt.” This tames the unruly reality unleashed by the resolution, generating the comforts of understanding.
MacLure 2010 Maggie MacLure, Manchester Metropolitan University, “Qualitative inquire: where are the ruins?” http://www.esri.mmu.ac.uk/respapers/nzareRuins.pdf 

We have tried, then, in Patti Lather’s words, … dispersed among its mundane detail. It has not pierced or eroded the solid walls of common sense or received practice. It has not been ruinous.

Third-their impacts
The 1AC asks us to reflect on the war on terror, ask how it happened, concern ourselves with not letting it occur again

But this imperative is lost amidst their impact calculus, describing great, global wars of destruction

Perhaps the concrete political struggles of plan recipients are not enough to justify the 1AC?

Martin Leet writes: 

But the romantic reassertion of … key debates still revolve around a preoccupation with big events, such as wars or terro r i s t
attacks.

Why can’t we make room for the everyday obligations that actually constitute the work of politics?  Leet writes: 

 “we do not need major …preoccupation with dramatic events

Leet continues…
Leet 2006 Senior Research at the Brisbane Institute; with Roland Bleiker “From the Sublime to the Subliminal: Fear, Awe and Wonder in International Politics” Millennium v 34
Thus, by means of the very failure of … influencing thought and action, but which were excluded from view by the psychological need for justification.

But what of the experiences that do not fit our expectations?
The confidence generated by their research practices seems in tension with the complexities of lived oppression.
As Chouinard notes:
but notes that lack of closure to such struggles … in contemporary directions in feminist geography. One of the remarkable things about this book is that it helps to make space for the former, without sacrificing the latter.

A Negative Ballot does not require wholesale rejection—We have one foot in the 1AC while the other leaps somewhere beyond. If they have potential, send them back to write a more ruinous 1AC.
Vote negative because you do not yet know what your decision can do.
Grosz 2005
Elizabeth Grosz, Prof Gender Studies at Rutgers Time Travels: Feminism, Nature, Power p. 178-182

This cluster of theorists may form an … in both politics and theory.

How should you respond to the 1AC?
THAT is the question you will be asking yourself as you try to decide who won this debate.
Instead of rendering a judgment on the normative desirability of the 1AC, voting negative cultivates “structures of responsiveness”—Capacities to be affected by the energies that drive new politics
McManus describes:
“the 'resonances' of … but to the always indeterminate question of what they can do.”

McManus continues in 2011
Susan, Lecturer in Political Theory at Queens U, “Hope, Fear, and the Politics of Affective Agency” Theory and Event 14.4 4… 13
Affects relating to humans are not outside this ontological muddle and collision of things;19 indeed, affect is immediately mapped to, and constitutive of, the agential thinking-body. Spinoza considers all sorts of bodies (including humans) as always-already … affective ambivalence, however, I turn attention to the passionate or emotional inflection of affect.
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Continued…
Utopian affective agency can … as a sort of raw matter that can be rendered available to the political.