Tournament: Kentucky | Round: 1 | Opponent: MSU KN | Judge: Ryan Wash
1ac
Contention one is militarized masculinities
Obama is setting up enhanced infrastructure for armed humanitarian interventions – experience in Libya and new presidential directives are demonstrative
Foreign Affairs 11 “Libya and the Future of Humanitarian Intervention”, August 26, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/68233/stewart-patrick/libya-and-the-future-of-humanitarian-intervention
The fall of … hawk on Libya.

Further, Obama has taken on the role of a chivalrous “masculine protector” in order to expand executive power – masking violence behind benevolent, “rational” decision-making and humanitarian interventions.
Landreau 11 John, associate professor of women's and gender studies at The College of New Jersey, “Fighting Words: Obama, Masculinity and the Rhetoric of National Security”, thirdspace: a journal of feminist theory and culture, Vol 10, No 1 (2011)
More than a … heroic global mission. 

This brand of militarism relies on asserting the necessity of tough executive decision-making at the expense of feminized public negotiations. Obama’s approach insidiously masks but ultimately reasserts Bush-era war-mongering.
Athanassiou 12 Cerelia, Professor at School of Sociology, Politics and International Studies (SPAIS), University of Bristol, “‘Gutsy’ Decisions and Passive Processes”, International Feminist Journal of Politics, Dec 24
Analytically, the exceptionality …rather reinvigorate it.

The expansion and consolidation of executive power in the name of humanitarian intervention epitomizes the dual logic of masculine protection. First, internally, domestic protest against the executive “father” is made impossible in the face of securitized threats. Second, externally, the US positions itself as the liberator of 3rd world nations, masking imperial violence.
Young 3 Iris Marion, Professor of Political Science at The University of Chicago, “The Logic of Masculinist Protection: Re?ections on the Current Security State”, Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 2003, vol. 29, no. 1
A security state … that nurtures resentment.

Militarized humanitarianism is paternalistically justified as saving feminized populations in order to make military violence seem ethical. This colonialist logic obscures racialized, gendered, and class-based violence.
Denike 8 Margaret, PhD, Associate Professor of political theory in the Department of Political Science, and the Coordinator of the Law and Society Program at Dalhousie University, “The Human Rights of Others: Sovereignty, Legitimacy, and "Just Causes" for the "War on Terror"”, Hypatia, Volume 23, Number 2, Spring 2008, pp. 95-121 (Article) Published by Indiana University Press
The talk of … international law crime (214).

That’s responsible for endless wars and masculinized forms of military control and colonialism
Chandra Talpade Mohanty, Gender Studies at Syracuse University, 2011
3/26 “Imperial Democracies, Militarised Zones,  Feminist Engagements” Economic and Political Weekly vol xlvi no 13
The post-11 September 2001 … na-  tional values and identities (Enloe 2007).

Moreover, the language of military humanitarianism engenders a crisis mentality that prevents addressing everyday structures of violence
Engle 7 Karen, PhD, W. H. Francis, Jr. Professor in Law; Director, Bernard and Audre Rapoport Center for Human Rights and Justice, University of Texas School of Law, “Calling in the Troops”:The Uneasy Relationship Among Women’s Rights, Human Rights, and Humanitarian Intervention”, 190 Harvard Human Rights Journal / Vol. 20
In the spring … peace (including rape).

ARTICLE CONTINUES…SEVERAL PAGES LATER

V. CONCLUSION: BEYOND CRISIS
Feminists who labeled … role in governance.162

Our impact outweighs on probability and magnitude – risk assessment is epistemologically biased towards white male elites who discount the severity of everyday localized violence in destroying marginalized populations.
Verchick 96 Robert, Assistant Professor, University of Missouri -- Kansas City School of Law. J.D., Harvard Law School, 1989, “IN A GREENER VOICE: FEMINIST THEORY AND ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE” 19 Harv. Women's L.J. 23
Because risk assessment … from its practice. 

Plan
The United States Federal Government should statutorily prohibit the war powers authority of president to use of humanitarian justifications as grounds for for introducing the United States Armed Forces into hostilities 

1ac
Contention two is fighting the frame
Challenging the justification and frame of masculine humanitarian protection shifts public discussion and opens space for reclaiming violent gendered discourses. Framing is key – the status quo rhetorical field makes domestic activism impossible by placing the US beyond reproach.
Ferguson 5 Michael, PhD, professor at University of Colorado, Boulder, ““W” Stands for Women: Feminism and Security Rhetoric in the Post-9/11 Bush Administration”, Politics and Gender (2005), 1:1:9-38 Cambridge University Press
I assume in … home and abroad.

Changing the language of national security away from exceptionalism and towards limiting the executive and an explicit focus on gender is crucial to reorient foreign policy
Landreau 11 John, associate professor of women's and gender studies at The College of New Jersey, “Fighting Words: Obama, Masculinity and the Rhetoric of National Security”, thirdspace: a journal of feminist theory and culture, Vol 10, No 1 (2011)
Conclusion Obama's national … share the world.

The symbolic act of the plan is key – the legislative debate itself is solvency for the aff
Stolz 7 (Barbara, political scientist / criminologist, July, “Interpreting the U.S. Human Trafficking Debate Through the Lens of Symbolic Politics.”, Law and Policy, 2007, Vol. 29 Issue , p311-338 st)
Laws, including criminal … to the audience.

No impact turns – studies prove that military humanitarianism universally causes more violence
Zunes 13 Stephen, a professor of politics and chair of Middle Eastern Studies at the University of San Francisco, “Despite Horrific Violence, the US Should Stay Out of Syria”, May 17, http://original.antiwar.com/zunes/2013/05/16/despite-horrific-violence-the-us-should-stay-out-of-syria/
Problems with “Humanitarian … are actually humanitarian.

Tournament: Pitt RR | Round: 2 | Opponent: Oklahoma LM | Judge: Kyle Deming
WE must ground debates in the lived reality of the oppressed--their abstraction mocks violence--the perm solves.
Matsuda 88 (Mari, Associate Professor of Law, University of Hawaii, "When the First Quail Calls: Multiple consciousness as Jurisprudential Method", 11 Women's Rts. Rep 7 1989).

The discourse of humanitarian intervention in the U.S. underlies the disposability of black and brown bodies -- public activism against this framing is key -- Syria prooves now is the crucial time
Baraka 13 (Ajamu, Associate Fellow @ the Institute of Policy Studies, a long time human rights activist, write and veteran of the Black Liberation, anti-war, anti-apartheid and Central American solidarity Movement in the United States, "Syria and the Sham of "Humanitarian Intervention", June 4 https://www.commondreams.org/view/2013/06/04

Perm solves and alt. fails -- engaging in multiple sites of resistance and interim reforms is necessary to foster an ethos to overcome right wing oppression --their rejection of the state cedes the terrain of politics to neoliberals.
Connolly 13 William, Professor of Political Theory at John Hopkins University, "The Fragility of Things", pp. 36-42)

Need to connect domestic racism to Obama's military policy.
Cornel West 13 Cornell, Professor Cornel West now teaches at Union Theological Seminary here in New York. Before that he was a professor at Princeton University and, before that, at Harvard University. He is the author of numerous books, "Cornell West: Obama's Response to Trayvon Martin Case Belies Failure to Challenge "New Jim Crow"", http://www.democracynow.org/2013/7/22/cornel_west_obamas_response_to_trayvon

Humanitarian Geneaology
Muldoon 6 (James Muldoon is Professor of History (emeritus) of Rutgers University and an Invited Research Scholar at The Johsn Carter Brown Library at Brown University, 2006 "FRancisco De Vitoria and Humanitarian Intervention", Vol. 5, No. 2, 128-143)

Tournament: Shirley | Round: 1 | Opponent: UT San Antonio Calhoun-Morales | Judge: Allsup
Confronting coloniality requires differential consciousness, or the mobile, intersecting and tactical approach to political change that allows coalitions and multiple sites of resistance.  The alternative alone becomes authoritarian.
Moya 2002 (Paula, Paula M. L. Moya is Associate Professor of the Department of English at Stanford University., Learning from Experience: Minority Identities, Multicultural Struggles, http://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=kt8t1nd07candchunk.id=ss1.09andtoc.id=ch02andbrand=ucpress)
In “U.S. Third World Feminism: The Theory and Method of Oppositional Consciousness ……..a drive for truth which can only end in producing its own brand of dominations” (14). 

The multiple consciousness of oppressed communities sometimes requires the manipulation of a flawed legal system – totally rejecting the law is a facile politics of purity
Matsuda 88 (Mari, Associate Professor of Law, University of Hawaii, “When the First Quail Calls: Multiple Consciousness as Jurisprudential Method”, 11 Women's Rts. L. Rep. 7 1989)

What does a consciousness of the experience of life under ….It encompasses as well the search for the pathway to a just world. 

Perm solves – coalitional politics are key to anti-racism (and to prison abolitionism)
Angela Davis ’93 Coalition Building Among People of Color, http://www.uibk.ac.at/leopoldine/gender-studies/veranstaltungen/angelasdiscussionclub/angeladavistextx.pdf

DAVIS: (As Betita has pointed out,) we need to be more f…to move beyond older conceptions of cross-racial organizing

The negative calls for disjointed “ruptural” performances – rather, your obligation as a rhetorical critic is to orient directed scholarship towards social justice
McKerrow and St. John 2006
(Rayme, professor Comm Studies Ohio University, Jeffrey, associate professor Comm Studies, Ohio University, Quarterly Journal of Speech, August, available via Ebsco)
In Defense of Partisan Criticism refines an argument Swartz …..rhetoric’s power to enact or at least initiate movement toward social change. 

Changing politics is key
MAY 5 (“to change the world, to celebrate life” pg 517-531)
And what happens from there? … we can be worthy of it.

State key
Panu 9 (contextualizing family planning: truth, subject, and the other in the US government”, 191-193)
Second, it perpetuates the illusion…in the most politically emancipating struggles.

Tournament: Harvard | Round: Octas | Opponent: Wake LW | Judge:
We oppose the President's use of humanitarian justifications for introducing the United States Armed Forces into hostilities.

Tournament: Ndt | Round: 8 | Opponent: Berkeley Sergent-Leventhal-Wimsatt | Judge: Allen, Antonucci, Lundeen

2ac interventions bad

Humanitarian interventions cause wars

Ziegler 09 (Clemens, "A Critique of Ryan Goodman," 100 Am. J Int’ZL. 107 2006, 5 Hanse L. Rev) 

Possible Implications of a Legalization of UHI…is not desirable at all.

Non-unique – states don’t intervene for true human rights violations and military action makes conflict more deadly

Ziegler 09 (Clemens, "A Critique of Ryan Goodman," 100 Am. J Int’ZL. 107 2006, 5 Hanse L. Rev) 

First, it remains yet to be proven…lives than any legalization of UHI.

at: goodman

Goodman’s studies flawed

Ziegler 09 (Clemens, "A Critique of Ryan Goodman," 100 Am. J Int’ZL. 107 2006, 5 Hanse L. Rev) 

"To begin with, Goodman’s theory…may not always be counted as wars.

He interprets data wrong

Ziegler 09 (Clemens, "A Critique of Ryan Goodman," 100 Am. J Int’ZL. 107 2006, 5 Hanse L. Rev) 

II. Questioning Goodman’s Conclusions…meaningful incentive for deescalation whatsoever.