Tournament: 2013babyjo | Round: 6 | Opponent: Missouri State Carlson-Cole | Judge: Winfrey
The affirmative’s surprise at the spectacular violence of U.S. militarism abroad reproduces a structure of white locality which contrasts domestic peace with foreign war. This frame precludes the ability to interrogate white supremacies ongoing war in the American homeland and obscures the state’s technologies of anti-black terror
Rodriguez 2010 ~Dylan, PhD in Ethnic Studies Program of the University of California Berkeley and Associate Professor of Ethnic Studies at University of California Riverside | and#34;The Terms of Engagement: Warfare, White Locality, and Abolitionand#34;, Critical Sociology 36(1) 151-173| DOI: 10.1177/0896920509347145| amc~

 ’War,’ such a common term in the global lexicon, is
AND
Muslim faith tradition. (Office of the White House Press Secretary 2002)

Affirming the states disavowal of, and terror upon black communities reflects an inability to conceive of the political rupture of total abolition 
Rodriguez 2010 ~Dylan, PhD in Ethnic Studies Program of the University of California Berkeley and Associate Professor of Ethnic Studies at University of California Riverside | and#34;The Terms of Engagement: Warfare, White Locality, and Abolitionand#34;, Critical Sociology 36(1) 151-173| DOI: 10.1177/0896920509347145| amc~

Koch’s manifesto builds a mechanism of self-legitimating violence: the state (here
AND
-profit apparatus and the sometimes narrow politics of the progressive US left. 

The middle passage constitutes the prototype for the technologies of violence integral to U.S. policing and warmaking. This demands scholarship trace the development of this regime of ontological re-mapping 
Rodriguez 2007 ~Dylan, PhD in Ethnic Studies Program of the University of California Berkeley and Associate Professor of Ethnic Studies at University of California Riverside |and#34;Forced passages: Imprisoned radical intellectuals and the US prison regime,and#34; Warfare in the American homeland: Policing and prison in a penal democracy, ed. Joy James, pg. |amc~

I am interested in stretching both the historical reach and conceptual boundaries of this genealogical
AND
effective bodily immobilization within the mass-based ontological subjection of human beings.

The alternative is insurgency in the domestic homeland – an act of absolute violence which catalyzes the black cyborg – a becoming-revolutionary that promises the end of the world and the end of humanity

James 2013 ~Joy, Presidential Professor of the Humanities and a professor in political science at Williams College | and#34;’Concerning Violence’: Frantz Fanon’s Rebel Intellectual in Search of a Black Cyborgand#34;
The South Atlantic Quarterly 112:1, Winter 2013 | doi 10.1215/00382876-1891233 |amc~

For those natives who labor as rebels, all worthy endeavors are shaped by an
AND
from the visionaries, the henceforward moment that puts another game into play.

Tournament: Texas | Round: 5 | Opponent: Southern California Purk-Vitzileos | Judge: Parker

The law was shaped by a libidinal investment in economies of sexualized anti-black terror – the 1AC’s faith in the law obscures how black suffering cannot be recognized within juridical frames— leading to serial policy failure

Richter-Montpetit 2014 ~Melanie, PhD candidate in Political Science (ABD) and a researcher at the York Centre for International and Security Studies | "Beyond the erotics of Orientalism: Lawfare, torture and the racial–sexual grammars of legitimate suffering." Security Dialogue 45.1 (2014): 43-62| amc~

Punitive corporeal practices like whipping, branding, forced nudity and the use of dogs
AND
associated carceral practices constitute key technologies of gendered and sexed race-making.

The alternative is maroonage – a flight from democracy towards fugitive communities. These forms of resistance already occur – your ballot is a decision to put down your badge and refuse the chase

James 2013 ~ Joy, Presidential Professor of the Humanities and a professor in political science  at Williams College and visiting professor at the University of Texas at Austin  |"Afrarealism and the Black Matrix: Maroon Philosophy at Democracy’s Border." The Black Scholar 43.4 (2013): 124-131| amc~

Black philosophy functions as both a corrective and a creative source for political theory in
AND
of such women illuminated freedom flights and shaped a legacy for black philosophy.

Tournament: 2013babyjo | Round: 8 | Opponent: Central Oklahoma Vance-Yost | Judge: Kennedy
The 1AC raises the question of how we should constitute our relationship to….

   ~       ~

Rather than rushing to judge the 1AC, we pause to ask: 

   ~       ~

This is INTERNAL KRITIK, sometimes known by the fancy buzzword and#34;immanent criticism.and#34;

We take inspiration from Jones’s description:
 and#34;utiliz~e~ ~our~ own subject-position as a blank screen on which to reflect the ruptures and inconsistencies at the heart of their ~~ discourse.and#34;
Not:
themes  nor straightforwardly critiques them from an and#34;outsideand#34; perspective. Instead, Irigaray performs an immanent critique, as it were, that destabilizes core assumptions of this tradition. Thus, according to Chanter, her work seeks to show up a difference or rupture internal to the tradition, but one which has previously gone unrecognized

What is the negative’s role?
Jones says:
, by revealing something about how these discourses have been constituted, and about the conditions of this constitution, Irigaray’s interventions (Whitford says) precipitate a shift that would not have been possible had the discourse remained and#34;unaidedand#34;—that is to say, had Irigaray not, through her writing, provided the place for such revelations to occur.

 ~Jones 2011 Emma, Dr Phil at U Oregon, SPEAKING AT THE LIMIT: THE ONTOLOGY OF LUCE IRIGARAY’S ETHICS, IN DIALOGUE WITH LACAN AND HEIDEGGER~

?

External kritiks like afropessimism have their value, but we also examine the inconsistencies undermining the 1AC from within.

4 Points 0f method.

METHOD POINT ONE: and#34;asks not what discourses say but what they do, not as bodies of truth, but as institutionally produced and supervised practicesand#34;  That’s Jones 2000

METHOD POINT TWO: Inconsistencies are a DOUBLE EDGED SWORD.
Writing in the context of feminism, Jones notes: , and#34;contradiction, tension and instability sustain phallocentric accounts.’

Undoing dominant paradigms is thus not a blanket celebration of inconsistency.
Rather Jones says we must: and#34;mobiliz~e~ instabilitiesand#34; that have and#34;become productive, rather than celebrated for its own sakeand#34;

The 1AC inconsistencies limit their possibility—But we will do our best to turn their double-turn lemons into kritikal lemonade.
Jones provides this gloss for our relationship to the 1AC:
intervening in the history of philosophy so as to and#34;open it up to its own lacks and inadequacies, not as a source of weakness, but as a site for its growth and developmentand#34;
…
 mobilizes the unstable status of texts by women thinkers to sustain new philosophical thought

She continues in 2000…
 ~Rachel, Phil at U Dundee, Hypatia 15.2: 151-158~
Blindspots and elisions, fissures and omissions: feminist thinkers have often had an eye
AND
to be found in the work of less well known French women philosophers.
?

METHOD POINT THREE: Does the 1AC reckon with its inconsistencies?—AKA, the links…
?

METHOD POINT 4: Voting negative discerns the divisions within their project, welcoming the 1AC by negating claims to solve an impact.

Instead of judging them against an external standard, we test the 1AC against itself.
Pavlich notes kritik’s Etymology Opens Up to:
to judge, but also separate, discern, discriminate, select, dif-  ferentiate and decide.and#34; *(2005)

We do not resent their necessary judgments, but the 1AC did not live up to its potential. We perform what Pavlich describes as:
processes of becoming, rearranging sign  constellations and practices to allow new life to emerge

He continues: 

George Pavlich 2000
~Dept Sociology at University of Alberta, and#34;NIETZSCHE, CRITIQUE AND THE PROMISE OF NOT BEING THUS . . .and#34;International Journal for the Semiotics of Law 13: 357–375, 2000~
One question: what is at stake in seeming to judge the foundations of critical
AND
sleep. Perhaps it would invent them sometimes – all the better’.35 

?

As Hogeven puts it…
Altering existing relations requires that the ways of meaning making - the vision of the world and the practical means through which suppression is (re)produced - be disjoined.
…
Instead of employing one or another yardstick to judge the success
…
Interventions must develop in context, rather than approaching a particular (political) problem with a ready-made grid of intelligibility to lay over it and through which to judge its ultimate success (or failure?). To do otherwise holds the distinct possibility of legitimizing all manner of calamity and oppression…
…
never fully be aware in advance what is to be accomplished and to what ends, 

Hogeven continues in 2006
~Bryan, Sociology at U of Alberta with Andrew Woolford Sociology at U of Manitoba and#34;Critical Criminology and Possibility in the Neo-liberal Ethosand#34; Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice-http://www.synergiescanada.org/fr/journals/utp/120324 48.5~
Thus, it is first imperative that criminologists reflect on the powers of, and
AND
of the most powerful from the courtroom - other than as officials whose 696 

We do not merely expose how the 1AC fails. As Shahani puts it, we:
shift from the hermeneutic of suspicion to a critical practice that allows for a critical re-assembling or a mapping that moves beyond the aporias of the paranoid faith in demystification. In a Kleinian framework, infants or adults constantly oscillate between the depressive position and the reparative position that promises pleasure seeking possibilities. According to Sedgwick, the depressive position is temporarily occupied by the infant or adult as an escape from the threat and violence of trauma so that the resulting anxiety can be contained by the ego. It is from this depressive position of anxiety that the adult or infant attempts and#34;to assemble or ’repair’ the murderous part- objects into something like a whole—though . . . not necessarily like any preexisting wholeand#34; (
Shahani continues in 2006
~NISHANT SHAHANI, PhD UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, 2006
QUEER PEDAGOGY AND AMERICAN STUDIES: A REPARATIVE RE-THINKING~
In her essay and#34;Paranoid Reading and Reparative Reading, or You’re So Paranoid,
AND
could have happened differently from the way it actually didand#34; (146).

Tournament: UMKC | Round: 2 | Opponent: UNT AK | Judge: John Cook

1NC Opacity

Radical strategies of visibility are part of sovereign violence. Their call for and#34;disobedienceand#34; will be co-toped. If they are right that academia is bankrupt then there is only a potential for it to use their epistemic disobedience as ethnographic information.
Forte in 2009 ~Maximilian C., Professor of Anthropology Montreal, May 22, and#34;Useless Anthropologyand#34;: Strategies for Dealing with the Militarization of the Academy « ZERO ANTHROPOLOGY, http://zeroanthropology.net/2009/05/22/e2809cuseless-anthropologye2809d-strategies-for-dealing-with-the-militarization-of-the-academy/~~23print~~

One does not need to seek employment with the Pentagon, take part in counterinsurgency
AND
is simply to leave here today and continue to conduct business as usual. 

Their pedagogical method de-radicalizes decolonization.

Smith ’10
Andrea Smith. Political activist and teaches Cultural Studies at University of California, Riverside. 2010. and#34;Queer Theory and Native Studies: The Heteronormativity of Settler Colonialismand#34;. GLQ: A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies 16:1-2. Page 57.

While helpful, however, a strategy of disidentification has its limits when applied to
AND
constantly reassessing our strategies and not assuming that our strategies are necessarily effective.

Instead of trying disobey Western epistemology, strategies for decoloniality should go off the grid. Becoming unintelligible is a more radical challenge to the historical formation of power.
Britton 99 ~Celia, Professor of French teaches French Caribbean literature and thought, postcolonial theory; surrealism in the Caribbean; psychoanalysis and colonialism; literature and ideology; images of community; the Nouveau Roman, Edouard Glissant and Postcolonial Theory: Strategies of Language and Resistance, pgs. 18-25~

The forest provided invisibility, in other words, but is no longer an adequate
AND
knowledge, and hence the anxiety, that it is trying to suppress.

Tournament: 2013babyjo | Round: 4 | Opponent: Harvard Kim-Seaton | Judge: Cheek

1NC Paradox of Risk

THE PARADOX OF RISK
If impacts are calculated by multiplying probability times magnitude, then every probability of an infinite impact register as infinite – This breaks down rational risk calculus
Kessler ’8  ~Oliver Kessler, Sociology at University of Bielefeld,   and#34;From Insecurity to Uncertainty:  Risk and the Paradox of Security Politicsand#34; Alternatives  33 (2008), 211-232~ 

The problem of the second method is that it is very difficult to  and#34;calculate
AND
prevail than in situations where security problems can be assessed with relative certainty.   

Fiat Debate Has Become Like and#34;The Boy Who Cried Wolfand#34;
Every Round Brings a New Extinction Event.
This Endless Repetition of Banal Apocalypse  Increases Public Cynicism and Elite Control.
Randals, 2k9.
~Samuel, Department of Geography at the University College London  with Marieke de Goede, Department of European Studies at the University of Amsterdam and and#34;Precaution, preemption: arts and technologies of the actionable future.and#34;  Environment and Planning. 27: . pp.  859-878~

Politics We have argued that preemption in contemporary security practice, and precaution in contemporary
AND
has to be cultivated that is all too often  evacuated from media sensationalism. 

Impact Calculus: Reflect on the 1AC as a Flow of Communication, meaning RESONATING through flows of affect and knowledge
Their abstract risk calculus backfires, undermining political responsibility in the face of threat.
Kinsella 2010 ~William J. Kinsella, Assoc Prof Communication at NC State University,
and#34;Risk communication, phenomenology, and the limits of representationand#34; Catalan Journal of Communication 26 Cultural Studies 2 (2) pp. 267–276~

 Despite movements towards more dialogic and rhetorical models, the field of risk communication
AND
constitute not only risks, but also those who take and bear risks.   

Voting negative explores the gaps in 1AC knowledge.
Learning to respond to uncertainty is a prerequisite to policy deliberation that RESONATES as engagement

Hart, 2k7. ~Reciprocal Revelation: Toward a Pedagogy of Interiority, Tobin Hart, Professor of Psychology Co-founder and President of the Child Spirit Institute University of West Georgia, Journal of Cognitive Affective Learning, 3(2) (Spring 2007), 1-10. Oxford College of Emory University. 1549-695 https://www.jcal.emory.edu//viewarticle.php?id=8326layout=html-https://www.jcal.emory.edu/viewarticle.php?id=8326layout=html, JP Miller~

With most topics, there is an opportunity to create the dynamic tension of ambiguity
AND
quality. What have we beheld, appreciated, and genuinely met today?

*gender modified 

Foreign policy-making emerges through the production of affect
Leep 2010
~Matthew Coen Leep, Political Science at the University of Connecticut, 2010
and#34;The affective production of others: United States policy towards the Israeli Palestinian conflictand#34; 2010 45: 331 Cooperation and Conflict~

Policy-makers regularly conduct foreign policy through a discourse of relational feel¬ings, constructing
AND
moderates possibilities of engagement towards these identities but also authorizes motivations to act. 

Role of the Ballot: 

Instead of weighing plan, hold the 1AC scholarship accountable for how they frame knowledge production – Vote negative for a moment of DISSENSUS

This is NOT a wholesale rejection of policymaking, but a MOMENT of interruption — Our value critiques cannot be contested in the 1AC’s framework.
Planning becomes ANTI-POLITICAL if we cannot debate the terms of our debates
Metzger 2011 ~Metzger J, 2011, and#34;Neither revolution, nor resignation: (re)democratizing contemporary planning praxis: a commentary on Allmendinger and Haughton’s and#34;Spatial planning, devolution, and new planning spacesand#34;and#34; Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 29(2) 191 – 196, JP Miller~

The building of such semiformal or informal networks are celebrated by many practitioners and some
AND
is reduced to little else than pseudodemocratic window dressing of dominant corporatist interests.

Tournament: 2013babyjo | Round: 4 | Opponent: Harvard Kim-Seaton | Judge: Cheek
On june 21st 1999 Kadiadou Diallo testified in front of the Congressional Black Caucus over police brutality and the death of her son Amadou who was shot at 41 times. In a steady, clear voice, Ms. Diallo spoke into the microphone. 
’’When I asked Amadou, as he prepared to leave Guinea two and a half years ago, why he was going so far away to America,’’ she recalled, ’’he said to me, ’You have worked so hard and struggled so long to take care of us, I must become a success so I can take over and give you some rest.’ 
’’I ask myself why,’’ she said, her voice breaking for the only time in her testimony. ’’How could such a terrible thing happen to such a warm and loving son with so much promise in his future?’’ 
Then mayor Rudolph Giuliani and Police Comissioner Howard Safir refused to testify at the hearing – guiliani’s justification being, 
and#34;I think all of my views on it have been stated over and over again,’’ 
’’There’s nothing new that I had to impart and there were other things I had to do. I didn’t see that there was any new focus with regard to this particular hearing. 

COOPER 1999 ~Michael, reporter for the New York Times | and#34;Black Caucus Holds Hearing On Relations With Policeand#34; New York Times June 22, 1999 http://www.nytimes.com/1999/06/22/nyregion/black-caucus-holds-hearing-on-relations-with-police.html~|-http://www.nytimes.com/1999/06/22/nyregion/black-caucus-holds-hearing-on-relations-with-police.html| amc~

Amadou Diallo’s murder and the violence foretold by the 1ac cannot be evaluated using the same frame but presents what Lyotard calls a Differend,
Lyotard 88 Jean Francois. The Differend: Phrases in Dispute. Trans. Georges Van Den Abbeele. Theory and Literature, Vol. 46. University of Minnestoa Press. pg xi ~rcm~

As distinguished from a litigation, a differend ~différend~ would be a case
AND
that a universal rule of judgment between heterogeneous genres is lacking in general.

Their focus on probabilistic scenario driven impacts conflates political deliberation with war games— destroying the potential for any 
Lyotard 88 Jean Francois. The Differend: Phrases in Dispute. Trans. Georges Van Den Abbeele. Theory and Literature, Vol. 46. University of Minnestoa Press. pp. 148-149 ~rcm~

212. Once the givens are established, a new genre of discourse is required
AND
law rendered legihirrsi1y corccniï.e (iuris diction of infractions and punishments).

How then should we encounter Diallo’s case? 
The affirmative’s role of the ballot attempts to frame the debate according to one rule of judgment which precludes bearing witness to Diallo’s death. 
Because the ballot itself is violent we cannot prescribe one, but instead ask the critic to disavow it—to take vengeance on the ballot
Lyotard 88 Jean Francois. The Differend: Phrases in Dispute. Trans. Georges Van Den Abbeele. Theory and Literature, Vol. 46. University of Minnestoa Press. pp 30-31 ~rcm~

42. and#34;The victim’s vengeance alone gives the authority to bear witnessand#34; (
AND
infinite perhaps, or of the heterogeneous, were it not so eloquent.

Tournament: 2013babyjo | Round: 8 | Opponent: Central Oklahoma Vance-Yost | Judge: Kennedy
your honor
since I’ve been convicted of murder
and have taken time to digest
just what that means
after noting what it means to my family
and how it affects people who read the newspapers
and all
I see now that I’ve made a terrible mistake21
and didn’t approach this trial
in a respectful, deliberate or thoughtful manner
didn’t take advantage of the best legal advice
and based my actions on irrelevant matters
which I can see now in a much more sober mind
had nothing to do with this case
I must have been legally insane thinking about:
the twenty five murders of children in Atlanta since
Wayne Williams’ capture
the recent murder of a man in Boston by the police
the recent murders of two in Chicago by the police
the shooting of a five-year-old little boy in suburban Calif~ornia~
the lynching in Alabama
the mob murder of a transit worker in Brooklyn
the murders of fourteen women in Boston
feeling that this is evidence of something
and that there must
be a lesson in all of this—I thought
murder was legal 

Balagoon 1995 ~Kuwasi member of the Black Liberation Army | A Soldier’s Story: Writings by a Revolutionary New
Afrikan Anarchist. Montreal, Quebec: Kersplebedeb Publishing, 2003~

Kuwasi Balagoon’s testimony and the violence foretold by the 1ac cannot be evaluated using the same frame but presents what Lyotard calls a Differend,
Lyotard 88 Jean Francois. The Differend: Phrases in Dispute. Trans. Georges Van Den Abbeele. Theory and Literature, Vol. 46. University of Minnestoa Press. pg xi ~rcm~

As distinguished from a litigation, a differend ~différend~ would be a case
AND
that a universal rule of judgment between heterogeneous genres is lacking in general.

Their focus on probabilistic scenario driven impacts conflates political deliberation with war games—destroying the potential for any
Lyotard 88 Jean Francois. The Differend: Phrases in Dispute. Trans. Georges Van Den Abbeele. Theory and Literature, Vol. 46. University of Minnestoa Press. pp. 148-149 ~rcm~

212. Once the givens are established, a new genre of discourse is required
AND
law rendered legihirrsi1y corccniï.e (iuris diction of infractions and punishments).
How then should we encounter Balagoon’s case?
The affirmative’s role of the ballot attempts to frame the debate according to one rule of judgment which precludes bearing witness to Balagoon’s testimony.
Because the ballot itself is violent we cannot prescribe one, but instead ask the critic to disavow it—to take vengeance on the ballot
Lyotard 88 Jean Francois. The Differend: Phrases in Dispute. Trans. Georges Van Den Abbeele. Theory and Literature, Vol. 46. University of Minnestoa Press. pp 30-31 ~rcm~

42. and#34;The victim’s vengeance alone gives the authority to bear witnessand#34; (
AND
infinite perhaps, or of the heterogeneous, were it not so eloquent.