Tournament: Gonzaga | Round: 1 | Opponent: Oklahoma RY | Judge: Lindsay Van Luvanee

1AC

Inherency

Drone strikes increasing despite signals to the contrary

Mazzetti and Landler 8/2 MARK MAZZETTI and MARK LANDLER, "Despite Administration Promises, Few Signs of Change in Drone Wars," New York Times, 8/2/2013, http://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/03/us/politics/drone-war-rages-on-even-as-administration-talks-about-ending-it.html?partner=rss26emc=rss26pagewanted=print
WASHINGTON — There were more drone strikes in Pakistan last month than any month since
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in public, relying instead on vague statements about "ongoing counterterrorism operations."

Plan: The United States federal government should establish a Targeted Killing Court with jurisdiction to apply a strict scrutiny standard to executive targeted killing orders.

Advantage 1 is norms

International drone prolif is inevitable but credible legal norms are non-existent – US action to enhance transparency and predictability is key to influencing global actors

Byman ’13 Daniel L. Byman, Professor in the Security Studies Program of the School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University, Research Director, Saban Center for Middle East Policy, and Senior Fellow, Foreign Policy, Saban Center for Middle East Policy @ Brookings, former Director of the Center for Peace and Security Studies and the Security Studies Program at the Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service, Georgetown University, "Why Drones Work," Foreign Affairs, July/August 2013, http://www.brookings.edu/research/articles/2013/06/17-drones-obama-weapon-choice-us-counterterrorism-byman
The fact remains that by using drones so much, Washington risks setting a troublesome
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considers the law and the risks to civilians before ordering a strike. 

Unregulated drone use will spread internationally with disastrous consequences – devastates human rights, international law, causes international war

Zenko ’13 Micah Zenko, Fellow in the Center for Preventive Action at the Council on Foreign Relations, "Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies," Council on Foreign Relations Special Report No. 65, January 2013
Beyond the United States, drones are proliferating even as they are becoming increasingly sophisticated
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more likely to use lethal force against the United States and its allies.

Uncontrolled prolif causes nuclear miscalculation

Altmann ’10 Jürgen Altmann, Researcher and lecturer at the University of Dortmund, founding member of the International Committee for Robot Arms Control, "Jürgen Altmann über unbemannte Systeme und Rüstungskontrolle," Institute for Religion and Peace, 3/7/2010, http://www.irf.ac.at/index.php?option=com_content26task=view26id=31426Itemid=1-http://www.irf.ac.at/index.php?option=com_content26task=view26id=31426Itemid=1
Where do you see the main challenges for the international community regarding the use of
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A human decision in each single weapon use should be the minimum requirement.

China is developing offensive drone capability now, modeling US drone strike practices – lack of norms risks conflict breakout in the ECS

AP ’13 Associated Press, "China emerges as new force in drone warfare," CBS News, 5/13/2013, http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-202_162-57582699/china-emerges-as-new-force-in-drone-warfare/
Chinese aerospace firms have developed dozens of drones, known also as unmanned aerial vehicles
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surveillance over the islands, called Diaoyu by China and Senkaku by Japan.

ECS conflict escalates quickly – destabilizes the region, draws in the US

Auslin 13 (Michael, director of Japan Studies at the American Enterprise Institute and former international studies professor at Yale. "The Sino-Japanese Standoff" National Review 1-28-13 http://www.nationalreview.com/blogs/print/338852-http://www.nationalreview.com/blogs/print/338852) will
It was barely a dozen years ago that the U.S. and China
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, and Asia could face its gravest crisis perhaps since World War II.

Nuclear war with China is an existential risk

Wittner ’11 Lawrence S. Wittner, Emeritus Professor of History at SUNY-Albany, "Is a Nuclear War with China Possible?" George Mason University’s History News Network, 11/28/2011, http://hnn.us/articles/nuclear-war-china-possible
But what would that "victory" entail? A nuclear attack by China would
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modernizing" its nuclear weapons and nuclear production facilities over the next decade.

Advantage 2 is process

Consistent process key to diminish civilian casualties – status quo approach guarantees excessive, misguided, and insufficiently planned strikes

Guiora and Blank 12 (Amos and Laurie, prof of law at the SJ Quinney College of Law university of Utah, director of Emory Law’s International Humanitarian Law Clinic, dw: 8-10-2012, da: 9-11-2013, lido)
Ultimately, the lawfulness of targeted killing depends, in large part, on the
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on both sides and to our fundamental values, are just too high.

Scenario 1 is Pakistan

Drone policy causes severe civilian backlash – hurts Pakistan-US security coop, destabilizes the Pakistan government, bolsters regional terrorist efforts

Pryer ’13 Lieutenant Colonel Douglas A. Pryer is a military intelligence officer, author of The Fight for the High Ground: the U.S. Army and Interrogation During Operation Iraqi Freedom, May 2003-2004, and is the winner of numerous military writing awards, "The Rise of the Machines: Why Increasingly "Perfect" Weapons Help Perpetuate our Wars and Endanger Our Nation," Military Review 93.2, Mar/April 2013, pp. 2-13, proquest *FATA = Pakistan’s Federally Administrated Tribal Areas
For the September 2012 report, "Living Under Drones," teams from Stanford Law
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is leading to loss of Pakistani government control over its own population."18 

Stable US-Pakistan security relations are key to prevent nuclear war between India and Pakistan

PTI 9/16 "Lack of mechanism to prevent use of India-Pak nukes worries US" PTI, 9/16/2013, http://www.dnaindia.com/india/1889790/report-lack-of-mechanism-to-prevent-use-of-india-pak-nukes-worries-us-http://www.dnaindia.com/india/1889790/report-lack-of-mechanism-to-prevent-use-of-india-pak-nukes-worries-us jss
The absence of any mechanism to prevent the use of atomic weapons by India and
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it clear the US is not leaving Afghanistan at the end of 2014.

Now is key – Indo-Pak tensions are peaking

Gowen 9/12 Annie Gowen, "Pakistan, India spar in Kashmir in worst border violence in years," Washington Post, 9/12/2013, http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2013-09-12/world/41982669_1_indian-controlled-kashmir-india-and-pakistan-muslim-majority-pakistan-http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2013-09-12/world/41982669_1_indian-controlled-kashmir-india-and-pakistan-muslim-majority-pakistan jss
SRINAGAR, India — After a decade of relative quiet, Indian and Pakistani troops
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least 11 soldiers and two Pakistani civilians and the wounding of several residents.

Indo-Pak war rapidly escalates, causes nuclear winter

Hundley 12 (Tom Hundley, senior editor at the Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting, MA in International Relations from Penn, and professor of Communication at the American University in Dubai. "Race to the end: Pakistan’s terrible, horrible, no-good very bad idea to develop battlefield nukes." Foreign Policy 9/5/12 http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/09/05/race_to_the_end?page=full-http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/09/05/race_to_the_end?page=full) will
The arms race could make a loose nuke more likely. After all, Pakistan’s
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or more humans who already live on the margins of subsistence could starve.

Overuse of drones kill Pakistani government credibility

Williams and Plaw 9 (Brian and Avery, profs at dartmouth, Pakistan Journal of Criminology 7¶ Volume 1, No. 1, April 2009, pp. 7-25, Predator Drone Strikes on Al Qaeda and Taliban Targets ¶ in Pakistan¶ The Pros and Cons for a Policy of Targeted Killings dw: 2009 da: 9-5-2013, lido)
The Predator drone strikes are also counter-productive because, in addition to ¶
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like Somalia today, with enormous negative ¶ repercussions for the whole region. 

Pakistani sovereignty collapse causes extinction

Perkovich 12 (George, Carnegie Endowment, http://carnegieendowment.org/2012/11/13/non-unitary-model-and-deterrence-stability-in-south-asia/eihm~~23-http://carnegieendowment.org/2012/11/13/non-unitary-model-and-deterrence-stability-in-south-asia/eihm, dw: 11-13-2012, da: 9-21-2013, lido)
Within the large frame of deterrence stability, a vital subsidiary concept is that a
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to provide training and equipment to them, if this would be welcomed.

Scenario 2 is Yemen

Drone strikes in Yemen cause powerful blowback – frays security coop, bolsters AQAP recruitment, and motivates increasing AQAP aggression

Hudson et al ’13 Leila Hudson, associate director of the School of Middle Eastern 26 North African Studies at the University of Arizona and director of the Southwest Initiative for the Study of Middle East Conflicts, Colin S. Owens, graduate of the School of Middle Eastern 26 North African Studies and the School of Government and Public Policy and research associate at SISMEC, and David J. Callen, PhD candidate at the School of Middle Eastern 26 North African Studies and research associate at SISMEC, "Drone Warfare in Yemen: Fostering Emirates Through Counterterrorism?" Middle East Policy Council, 2013, http://mepc.org/journal/middle-east-policy-archives/drone-warfare-yemen-fostering-emirates-through-counterterrorism
Just as likely, as the case of FATA has clearly shown, increased strikes
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All told, these distinct forms of blowback combine to heighten Yemen’s ungovernability.

AQAP is armed and dangerous – orchestrating global terrorist attacks and destabilizes the Bab al-Mandeb

The Week 8/7 "Yemen terror threat – why the West is so worried by AQAP," The Week, 8/7/2013, http://www.theweek.co.uk/world-news/54494/yemen-terror-threat-al-qaeda-aqap-west-worried
AQAP continues to thrive: Despite operating from remote Yemeni backwaters, the group produces
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the current transitional conditions in Yemen to threaten shipping and international trade." • 

AQAP attack on the Bab al-Mandeb highly likely, collapses global trade and economic growth

Nincic ’12 Donna J. Nincic, PhD in Political Science from New York University and currently is Professor and Director of the ABS School of Maritime Policy and Management at the California Maritime Academy, a campus of the California State University, in Vallejo, "Maritime Terrorism: How Real is the Threat?" Fair Observer, 7/16/2012, http://www.fairobserver.com/article/maritime-terrorism-how-real-threat
However, with the exception of al-Qaeda Jamaah Islamiyah in Indonesia, and
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, the threat of maritime terrorism must continue to be taken very seriously.

Economic collapse causes global wars

Royal ’10 director of Cooperative Threat Reduction at the U.S. Department of Defense (Jedediah, Economics of War and Peace: Economic, Legal, and Political Perspectives, pg 213-215)
Less intuitive is how periods of economic decline may increase the likelihood of external conflict
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not featured prominently in the economic-security debate and deserves more attention.

AQAP will use bioweapons

CSARN 11 (City Security and Resilience Networks group, a not-for-profit membership group of business and public sector security and emergency planning leaders, 9/2/11, "AQAP / Black Banners analysis," http://worldreports.csarn.org/2011/09/aqap-black-banners-analysis-.html)
On 12 August the New York Times reported leaked US intelligence assessments (which were
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weapons. AQAP also has a reputation as the movement’s most innovative element. 

Bioterror attack is highly probable and causes extinction – tech diffusion makes acquisition and deployment easy

Myhrvold ’13 Nathan Myhrvold, formerly Chief Technology Officer at Microsoft, co-founder of Intellectual Ventures, MA in mathematical economics and PhD in theoretical and mathematical physics @ Princeton, "Strategic terrorism: a call to action," Lawfare, July 2013, http://www.lawfareblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/Strategic-Terrorism-Myhrvold-7-3-2013.pdf-http://www.lawfareblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/Strategic-Terrorism-Myhrvold-7-3-2013.pdf jss
Biotechnology is advancing so rapidly that it is hard to  keep track of all the
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be available to anybody with a solid background in biology,  terrorists included.  

Solvency

Drone courts establish judicial restrictions on targeted killing – strict scrutiny of admissibility ensures strikes are well-targeted and avoid error or misinterpretation

Guiora 13 (Amos, prof @ Univ of Utah school of law, University of Utah College of Law Research Paper No. 1, Targeted Killing: When Proportionality Gets All Out of Proportion, dw: 2013, da: 9-10-2013, lido)
The solution to this search for an actionable guideline is the strict scrutiny standard.
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information to an independent judiciary as a precursor to engaging in operational counterterrorism.

Tournament: Cal-Chico | Round: 2 | Opponent: Weber SS | Judge: Abi Williams
Status quo Targeted Killing represents a move to authoritarianism, a lack of political, social, and ethical responsibility on the part of society, and a prevalent discourse of militarism
Giroux 13 (Henry, mcmaster U prof, http://www.truth-out.org/opinion/item/14483-the-shooting-gallery-obama-and-the-vanishing-point-of-democracy dw: 12-2-2013, da: 1-13-2014, lido)
The move toward an authoritarian 

that does not simply repeat the past.

Drone wars perpetuated by the US represent silent injustices, extreme racism, and structural violence against Muslims
Mizner 13 (David, Jacobin staff, http://www.salon.com/2013/10/04/the_war_on_terror_starring_an_american_journalist_partner/ dw: 10-4-2013, da: 1-10-2014, lido)
The U.S. government kills a lot of 

racism that produce war.

The paradigm of pre-emption like that illustrated by modern targeted killings nullifies the mediator between sovereign and subject, creating a decisionist paradigm of sovereign authority that inflicts unethical violence against the other and creating an ethic of autoimmunity.
Stockdale ’13 LIAM P.D. STOCKDALE, B.A.(h), M.A., “ GOVERNING THE FUTURE, MASTERING TIME: TEMPORALITY, SOVEREIGNTY, AND THE PRE - EMPTIVE POLITICS OF (IN)SECURITY,” A Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy @ McMaster University, July 2013, http://digitalcommons.mcmaster.ca/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=9237andcontext=opendissertations jss
To elaborate, recall that the logic of pre-emption’s 

 autoimmunity is claimed by Derrida to apply.

Autoimmunity justifies its own escalatory ends through infinite threat construction—in claiming that it’s ‘try or die’ they will continually up the ante of destructive possibility by claiming the alternative is always worse. This ethos is the condition of possibility for extinction.
Callus and Herbrechter ‘4 Ivan Callus, Head of the Department of English at the University of Malta and PhD in English from Cardiff, and Stefan Herbrechter, reader in Cultural Theory at Coventry University and PhD in English from Cardiff“The Latecoming of the Posthuman, Or, Why "We" Do the Apocalypse Differently, "Now."” Reconstruction, Vol. 4, No. 3, Summer 2004, http://reconstruction.eserver.org/043/callus.htm
23 It needs to be said immediately 

of the future anterior emphasis added. 28

Normalized greed, militarism, violence, and individualization is a product of modern society caused by instances of exploited power like targeted killing. This politics of disimagniation causes a cycle of greed and power that never go checked, and causes a lack of ability to care about others ethically.
Giroux 13 (Henry, prof at Mcmasters U, http://truth-out.org/news/item/14814-the-politics-of-disimagination-and-the-pathologies-of-power#i, dw: 2-27-2013, da: 1-11-2014, lido)
We live in a time of deep foreboding, 

the public good, and democracy itself.

We affirm a politics of radical imagination and hope in response to unrestricted war powers authority of the President of the United States in the area of targeted killing.  

Pointing out and criticizing the oppressive nature of targeted killing is the first step in stopping the immoral and violent society it justifies
Giroux 13 (Henry, mcmaster U prof, http://www.truth-out.org/opinion/item/14483-the-shooting-gallery-obama-and-the-vanishing-point-of-democracy dw: 12-2-2013, da: 1-13-2014, lido)
What is missing in the refusal to make 

and we are all potentially the targets.

Radical imagination solves—by opening up a space of dialogue and knowledge regarding the injustices around drone strikes, we are able to create a more democratic political discourse that allows for the flourishing of social movements.
Giroux 13 (Henry, prof at Mcmasters U, http://truth-out.org/news/item/14814-the-politics-of-disimagination-and-the-pathologies-of-power#i, dw: 2-27-2013, da: 1-11-2014, lido)
Against the politics of disimagination, 

, hope and the struggle over democracy.

Modern movements are too much theory and not enough praxis—they need a new langu

Tournament: Cal-Chico | Round: 6 | Opponent: Weber OV | Judge: Magallon

Joining antihumanist critique with affirmative care for human life is key to attend to the complexity of the contemporary condition – abstraction and negativity alone are insufficient – the perm is torsion, not tension

Connolly ’13 William E. Connolly, Krieger-Eisenhower Professor of Political Science at Johns Hopkins University, "The ’New Materialism’ and the Fragility of Things," Millennium - Journal of International Studies June 2013 vol. 41 no. 3 399-412 doi: 10.1177/0305829813486849 jss
Tenth, many of us now feel compelled to add a planetary dimension to the
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Let us turn, then, to ’the politics of the event’.

Biocentrism magnifies violence—puts the brunt of death onto the socioeconomically disadvantaged portions of humans while lapsing into arbitrary responses to ethical quandaries of how to weigh claims of harmless beings versus destructive virii

Wolfe ’13 Cary Wolfe, Before the Law: Humans and Other Animals in a Biopolitical Frame, University of Chicago Press, 2013, p. 59-60
Be that as it may, Esposito’s position, pragmatically speaking, fares no better
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lethal virus, say—has equal value to all the others."35

Tournament: Cal-Chico | Round: 6 | Opponent: Weber OV | Judge: Magallon

Edelmen’s fetish for rigid, unchanging notions of the symbolic tautologically erases the differences between fascism and progressive democracy. The underside of "no future" is a homogenization of history from the privileged eye of the present.

Cohen ’7 Jeffrey Cohen, Professor of English at George Washington University, "No Future: Terminus," In the Middle, 4/13/2007, http://www.inthemedievalmiddle.com/2007/04/no-future-terminus.html
No Future concludes with its strongest chapter, on Alfred Hitchcock’s The Birds, the
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that they work thus — a kind of Deism without an actual God.

Compassion doesn’t just mean suffering for—we suffer with the other to deconstruct our own identifying processes and expose the limits of our own subjectivity—their ethic collapses into nihilistic disdain for others in its totalizing rejection of care

Cohen ’7 Jeffrey Cohen, Professor of English at George Washington University, "No Future: Terminus," In the Middle, 4/13/2007, http://www.inthemedievalmiddle.com/2007/04/no-future-terminus.html
And without compassion. Probably the worst chapter of the book is "Compassion’s Compulsion
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-drive allied sinthomosexual that Edelman imagines, are inhuman, are queer.

It is a mistake to read in queerness the possibility of totalizing departures from the futurist status quo—our task, rather, should be to disrupt the stability of fascist phenomena to reappropriate them towards a process of continual becoming, affirming new futures in a work of mourning the past.  It is not that our politics are too wedded to the future; rather, we haven’t even come close to giving the future what is owed to it yet.

Joy ’7 Eileen Joy, Faculty in the Department of English Language and Literature at Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, "Not Knowing In Advance What Forms Our Humanness Will Take," In the Middle, 2/27/2007, http://www.inthemedievalmiddle.com/2007/02/not-knowing-in-advance-what-forms-our.html
Having said that, the more I read in queer theory ~in preparation for
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is a queer studies concerned with futurality post-secular, even theological?