Tournament: UNLV | Round: 1 | Opponent: USC SH | Judge: Izak Dunn

Politics as we know it has failed – the affirmative attempt to prevent juridical maneuvers by the executive will always engage in biopolitical exercises of power

Federman and Holmes, 2011
(Cary, Political Science professor at Montclair St., and Dave, Research Chair in Forensics Nursing, University of Iowa,  "Guantánamo Bodies: Law, Media, and Biopower" Media Tropes 3:1 EBSCO ~accessed 9/3/13~ brs)

To be sure, the inmates of Guantánamo are not in the same situation as
AND
the population" (Foucault, 1990b, 139; italics in original).
The long view regarding the evolution of Guantánamo as a species of biopower that has
AND
, 1980, 141), a view not normally associated with legal liberalism.
It is, at the same time, important to recognize Guantánamo as one link
AND
replaced the city as the paradigmatic structure of modern times that informs subjectivity.
Guantánamo is the outcome of a rationality that accelerated in the late nineteenth century,
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man, a new sacred man" (Agamben, 1998, 131).

The impact is totalitarianism and the end of democracy – we must separate bare life from sovereign’s sphere or be politically complicit with violence

Agamben, 2005
(Giorgio, State of Exception, pp. 4-10 bs)

The protagonist of this book is bare life, that is, the life of
AND
himself no longer as an object but as the subject of political power.
These processes — which in many ways oppose and (at least apparently) bitterly
AND
the society of mass hedonism and consumerism certainly constitute answers to these questions.

the alternative: Reject the plan and solutions found in the law in order to expose the law as a violent fiction.

Agamben, College International de Philosophie professor, ’05
(Giorgio, State of Exception, pp. 86-87 bs)

It is from this perspective that we must read Benjamin’s statement in the letter to
AND
that it ceases to be law and blurs at all points with life.
In the Kafka essay, the enigmatic image of a law that is studied but
AND
" that has been freed from all discipline and all relation to sovereignty.
What can be the meaning of a law that survives its deposition in such a
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"study" and deactivate it, to "play" with it.
One day humanity will play with law just as children play with dis-used
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that absolutely cannot be appropriated or made juridical (Benjamin 1992, 41).

Tournament: UNLV | Round: 1 | Opponent: USC SH | Judge: Izak Dunn

CIR is next on the docket and passing now, but Obama will need PC to get Boehner to the table

Preston and Parker 10-18-13 JULIA PRESTON-http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/p/julia_preston/index.html ASHLEY PARKER-http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/p/ashley_parker/index.html
Published: October 18, 2013http:www.nytimes.com/2013/10/19/us/politics/democrats-aim-to-restore-immigration-to-agenda.html?_r=0

As the fiscal crisis subsided and the government went back to work this week,
AND
to the remaining months of this year, before the next fiscal deadlines,

Plan guts Obama’s capital

Douglas L., Kriner 2010 Assistant Prof - PoliSci Boston U.
 "After the Rubicon: Congress, Presidents, and the Politics of Waging War", University of Chicago Press, Dec 1, pages 68-72, googlebooks
While congressional support leaves the president’s reserve of political capital intact, congressional criticism saps
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the emphasis is on the ultimate consequences of congressional actions for policy outcomes.

CIR’s key to the economy and US-India Relations

Williams, LA Times, 12
(Carol J., "Other countries eagerly await U.S. immigration reform," 11-9-12, http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/world_now/2012/11/us-immigration-reform-eagerly-awaited-by-source-countries.html-http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/world_now/2012/11/us-immigration-reform-eagerly-awaited-by-source-countries.html, accessed 1-17-13 Bosley)

"Comprehensive immigration reform will see expansion of skilled labor visas," predicted B.
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see the immigration opportunity as a bigger plus than not," he said.

US-India relations solve South Asian nuclear war

Schaffer, Director of the South Asia Program at CSIS, 02
(Teresita C., "Building a New Partnership with India," Washington Quarterly 25:2, accessed 1-17-13 /Bosley)

Washington’s increased interest in India since the late 1990s reflects India’s economic expansion and position
AND
people out of poverty depends critically on good relations with the United States.

Tournament: Calchico | Round: 2 | Opponent: Cal State Fullerton Brooks-Stanfield | Judge: Guevara

A. The Link – The affirmative perpetuates the commodification of the body and bourgeois ideology through their call to end discrimination

.

Capitalism commodifies disabled bodies to exploit them.

Saczkowski 11
(Thomas Saczkowski, NARRATIVES OF VIOLENCE: THE RELATIONSHIP OF MASCULINITY AND
ABLEISM, 35-37, University of Toronto, https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/30054/1/Narratives_of_Violence_tspace.pdf)
Gleeson (1997) provides a historical materialist account of disability in ¶ capitalism.
AND
and exacerbates an understanding of disability through medical model (Albrecht, 2001).

People with disabilities are viewed as unproductive in capitalist societies, creating ableism.

Saczkowski 11
(Thomas Saczkowski, NARRATIVES OF VIOLENCE: THE RELATIONSHIP OF MASCULINITY AND
ABLEISM, 38-40, University of Toronto, https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/30054/1/Narratives_of_Violence_tspace.pdf)
Foucault (2003) describes the process of commodification through his concept of ¶ the
AND
¶ (Crow, 1996; Ostrander, 2008; Razack, 1998).

B. The Impact – Capitalism causes extinction while entrenching racist and sexist violence, outweighs everything about the aff

Brown 05 (Professor of Economics and Research Scientist at the University of Michigan (Charles Brown, http://www.mail-archive.com/pen-l@sus.csuchico.edu/msg04868.html)
The capitalist class owns the factories, the banks, and transportation-the means
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civil and human rights of all working people are continually under attack. 

C. The alternative – withdraw from the ideology of capital – only an embrace of negativity allows this process to emerge from the ubiquity of hegemonic power-over.

Holloway 2, Ph.D in Political Science from University of Edinburgh
(John, "Change the World Without Taking Power: The Meaning of Revolution Today," http://libcom.org/library/change-world-without-taking-power-john-holloway)
The more we think about power in capitalist society, the more anguished our scream
AND
the scream, then, giving up hope is simply not an option.
The second possible option is to forget the subtleties and focus exclusively on the binary nature of the antagonism between proletariat and capitalist class. Power, then, is quite simply a matter of ’who-whom’, as Lenin put it.
In the mainstream Marxist tradition, fetishism has always been a rather suspect category,
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consolidating itself, this argument did not find favour with the Party authorities.
Orthodox Marxism has generally preferred a simpler picture of power, in which the taking of state power has been central to the concept of revolutionary change. In a later chapter we shall examine in more detail this tradition and some of the problems associated with it.
The third possible approach to solving the dilemma of the urgent impossibility of revolution is
AND
identity’, the sense of the explosive force of that which is denied.
What is the status, then, of all of these categories that exist only
AND
denial could not exist, as that upon which their negating forms depend.
The third approach is to try to understand and thereby to participate in the force of all that which exists in antagonism, in the form of being denied.

– the critical first step is to engage the negative dialectic

Johnston, interdisciplinary research fellow in psychoanalysis at Emory University, 2004
~Adrian, Philosophy professor at UNM Albuquerque Psychoanalysis, Culture 26 Society, December v9 i3 p259 page infotrac~

Perhaps the absence of a detailed political roadmap in Zizek’s recent writings isn’t a
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comforting fiction ("Capitalist commodity fetishism or the truth? I choose fetishism"). 

AT: Alt Fails – AT: No Roadmap

Movements against capitalism are possible now, even if we don’t know what it looks like, the specter of imperialism serves as a point of departure.

Wise 9(Director of Doctoral Program in Migration Studies 26 Prof of Development Studies; Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Mexico)
(Raúl Delgado, Forced Migration and US Imperialism: The Dialectic of Migration and Development, Crit Sociol, 35: 767, ProQuest)
The theoretical framework outlined in this article for understanding the dialectic relationship between development and
AND
dialectical framework. This entails a new way of understanding the migration phenomenon.

Alt Uniqueness – Try or Die

Extinction is inevitable within capitalism – Its try or die for the alt

Sullivan, 6 ~Sullivan, Writer for Clearing House, Charles Sullivan, " Scared Ecology and Capitalism, 06, http://www.informationclearinghouse.info/article13515.htm, 6-25-11~
Eventually the mountains themselves would be blown apart when the mining companies sought cheaper and
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one another, and the world’s wealth was equitably shared among all beings.

Impacts

Endless War

Capitalism is the root cause of war:

A. Surplus Capital and Economic Coercion

Robinson, 7—Professor of Sociology, Global and International Studies, Latin American and Iberian Studies at the University of California-Santa Barbara
(William I., "The Pitfalls of Realist Analysis of Global Capitalism: A Critique of Ellen Meiksins Wood’s Empire of Capital", Historical Materialism, 2007, http://www.socialsciences.manchester.ac.uk/disciplines/politics/research/hmrg/activities/documents/Robinson.pdf)
By the early twenty-?rst century, global capitalism was in crisis. This
AND
for rejecting such an argument have been made clear in this critical article.

B. Resource Drive

Bhagwat, 11 (Vishnu, former Chief of the Naval Staff of India, Thee Weaponization of Space: Corporate Driven Military Unleashes Pre-emptive Wars, July 13, 2011, http://www.globalresearch.ca/index.php?context=va26aid=21432)
We must understand the reality of our present lawless world, where corporate driven military
AND
countries with the  UN Security Council in some cases acquiescing and even assisting .

C. Imperial Competition

Foster, 5 (Foster, Oregon University Department of Sociology Professor, John B., Monthly Review, http://www.monthlyreview.org/0905jbf.htm, 6/22/11)
The global actions of the United States since September 11, 2001, are often
AND
offensive," waging an unrelenting war against all those it considered its enemies.

The competitive economic system uses our military as its global policeman – forcing us to be a permanent state of war.

Mooers, 6 – Chair of the Department of Politics and School of Public Administration at Ryerson University ~Colin, "The New Imperialists," 2006, pg 5-6~
The current round of imperialism, therefore, has as its goal the export and
AND
the domestication of war and imperial conquest has become an urgent ideological imperative.

Globalization will cause endless war and will make any other country not part of it, "rogue"

Chowdhury, 6 (Kanishka, Professor on American Culture at St. Thomas University,  "Interrogating ’Newness’", Culture Critique, 2006, http://muse.jhu.edu.turing.library.northwestern.edu/journals/cultural_critique/v062/62.1chowdhury.html~~23FOOT4)
In a sense, globalization is now used as a cover for endless war.
AND
the West, the financial and cultural traffic largely flows one way.6

The way which people are comidified makes room for war on streets- we went into Iraq because of capitalism- the police fight against certain groups of people because theyre seen as non-valuable and non-productive- it all comes back to this- that is what oppresses people and what reduces people to NOTHING,

When troops come home and aren’t valued- they are harmed by the system and thats why they are seen as noodies. 

Capitalism destroys ethical concerns.

Morgareidge, 98—Associate Professor of Philosophy at Lewis and Clark College ~Clayton, "Why Capitalism is Evil", Radio Active Philosophy, Lewis and Clark Educational Papers, http://legacy.lclark.edu/~~clayton/commentaries/evil.html~~
Well, what is the foundation of moral life? What makes it possible for
AND
capitalism is on the table will ethics have a seat at the table.

Debate is the critical site of contestation against capitalism

Carroll, 10 – *founding director of the Social Justice Studies Program at the University of Victoria ~William, "Crisis, movements, counter-hegemony: in search of the new," Interface 2:2, 168-198~
Mediatization and the struggle to democratize communication Many of the issues at stake in the
AND
completely into it, but they move together and lean into one another.

Role of the Ballot

The role of the ballot is to choose between competing ideas—there is an alternative to capitalism.

Lebowitz 5 — Michael A. Lebowitz, Emeritus Professor of Economics at Simon Fraser University (Canada), 2005 ("The Knowledge of a Better World," Monthly Review: An Independent Socialist Magazine, Volume 57, Issue 3, July-August, Available Online to Subscribing Institutions via Academic Search Elite, p. 67)
The most immediate obstacle, though, is the belief in TINA, i.
AND
~, 158). For this reason, the battle of ideas is essential.

Tournament: UNLV | Round: 5 | Opponent: Wyoming Berry-Culver | Judge: Eisenstadt

Text: The United States Congress should enter into binding consultation with the General Congress of Mexico over whether the United States federal government should substantially increase statutory restrictions on the war powers authority of the President of the United States by establishing a federal counterterrorism oversight court with jurisdiction over targeted killing orders.

There’s an established forum for congressional consultation.

US-Mexico Binational Council ’01

~"NEW HORIZONS IN U.S.-MEXICO RELATIONS: Recommendations for Policymakers," A Report of the U.S.-Mexico Binational Council, cosponsored by CSIS, September, 2001 http://csis.org/files/media/csis/pubs/newhorizons5B15D.pdf~~

The U.S-Mexico Inter-Parliamentary Group (IPG), which has
AND
between the legislative branches of each country on a year-round basis.

Mexico would say yes – spying scandal and border drone threat.

Tucker ’13 ~Duncan,Guadalajara Reporter, US drones operating over Mexican territory
JULY 31, 2013, http://duncantucker.wordpress.com/2013/07/31/us-drones-operating-over-mexican-territory/~~

In March 2011, the New York Times first reported that the United States had
AND
a year, more than all other federal law-enforcement agencies combined.

Failure to consult tanks US-Mexico relations.

Starr ’04, professor of international studies and political economy at the Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México

~Pamela K., professor of international studies and political economy at the Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México, "U.S.-Mexico Relations," Center for Strategic and International Studies, HEMISPHERE FOCUS Volume XII, Issue 2, January 9, http://csis.org/files/media/csis/pubs/hf_v12_02.pdf, 2004~

Mexico’s active support for increased multilateralism in world affairs as a means to protect itself
AND
S.-Mexico relations and to the success of Mexico’s North American strategy. 

US-Mexico relations are the backbone of the Mexican economy - key to the US and global economies.

Diplomatic Courier 2/24/13 ~U.S.-Mexico Relations: Love Thy Neighbor WRITTEN BY OSCAR MONTEALEGRE, CONTRIBUTOR,http://www.diplomaticourier.com/news/regions/latin-america/1331-us-mexico-relations-love-thy-neighbor~~====**

It is not common knowledge that Mexico is the United States’ third largest trading partner
AND
commonalities, and cooperation will be spearheaded in unison by both countries’ leaders. 

Nuclear war.

O’Donnell ’9 ~2-26, Sean, "Will this recession lead to World War III?" Baltimore Republican Examiner, www.examiner.com/republican-in-baltimore/will-this-recession-lead-to-world-war-iii, accessed 9/20/11~

Could the current economic crisis affecting this country and the world lead to another world
AND
possibility of World War III is averted. However sometimes history repeats itself.

Tournament: UNLV | Round: 1 | Opponent: USC SH | Judge: Izak Dunn
====A. Anti-terror efforts are neutralizing the Al Qaeda threat, but continued counter-terrorism efforts are key to long term success.====
Liepman ’13~Andrew, former principal deputy director of the National Counterterrorism Center andis a senior policy analyst at RAND Corporation;Al Qaeda Is Weak and Bungling—but Still Dangerous; Feb 25, http://www.rand.org/commentary/2013/02/25/USNEWS.html-http://www.rand.org/commentary/2013/02/25/USNEWS.html~~

The casual observer can be excused for being confused after reading news headlines on al
AND
this diminished threat will be an important factor in ultimately defeating this enemy.

====B. Maintaining executive war powers is key to effective counter-terrorism.  ====
Dunlap ’04~Ben, Solicitations and Symposium Editor of the Boston College Intnc national and Comparative Law Review;State Failure and the Use of Force in the Age of Global Terror; Boston College International and Comparative Law Review, May 1, http://lawdigitalcommons.bc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=113426context=iclr~~

In some cases, the threat posed by a terrorist group will be so grave
AND
of mass destruction and not necessarily prove that it was a failed state. 

====C. Lapse in counter-terrorism ensures Al Qaeda attack – they are poised.====
Montgomery ’09 ~Brad, research fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments, Nuclear Terrorism Assessing the Threat, Developing a Response, http://www.csbaonline.org/publications/2009/04/nuclear-terrorism/-http://www.csbaonline.org/publications/2009/04/nuclear-terrorism/~~

Since the US invasion of Afghanistan in 2001, however, al Qaeda has lost
AND
attack at some point in the future appears to be increasing once again.

====D. Retaliation ensures that even botched attack causes nuclear war.====
Ayson ’10 ~Robert, professor of strategic studies and director of the Centre for Strategic Studies, After a Terrorist Nuclear Attack: Envisaging Catalytic Effects, June 21, http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/1057610X.2010.483756-http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/1057610X.2010.483756~~

A terrorist nuclear attack, and even the use of nuclear weapons in response by
AND
admitted that any preemption would probably still meet with a devastating response.

Tournament: UNLV | Round: 4 | Opponent: Baylor Barron-Evans | Judge: Ziegler

T – 1NC

a. Interpretation – Substantially is without material qualification

Black’s Law Dictionary 91 
~p. 1024~

Substantially - means essentially; without material qualification.

B. Violation – The aff plan is subset of a subset of the resolution, not in the ballpark of substantial. - Offensive cyber operations include the following four missions, only one of which is war fighting

Bradbury, 2011 
(Steven, Partner, Dechert, LLP. This speech was delivered as the Keynote Address at the Harvard National Security Journal Symposium, "Cybersecurity: Law, Privacy, and Warfare in a Digital World The Developing Legal Framework for Defensive and Offensive Cyber Operations" http://harvardnsj.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/Vol.-2_Bradbury_Final.pdf ~accessed 9/23/13~)

By offensive cyber operations, I’m referring to a range of potential activities that could
AND
of conventional, kinetic war fighting or on a stand-alone basis).

C . This is a voting issue

1. Provides fair limits and sufficient aff ground which gives the negative more DA and CP ground- and brightline- either you restrict without qualifications or you don’t whereas theirs would vary from case to case

2. This is supported by the lit and which ensures clash and ensures topic education.

3. Sets a terrible precedent, set the standard early. Neg would never win since the neg can’t predict to prepare for a defense of the squo, which is what they functionally are, and it grants the aff infinite guaranteed no-link arguments.

4. Encourages crappy cps like PICs out of the poorly written, non-topical portion of their aff. Proliferation of bad args undermines the educational benefit of debate.

5. vote neg- competing interpretations are key to check judge intervention

Tournament: UNLV | Round: 1 | Opponent: USC SH | Judge: Izak Dunn

Establishment not restriction

Interpretation: "Restriction" means a limitation on action

Oxford 13
(Oxford English Dictionary, http://oxforddictionaries.com/us/definition/american_english/restriction?q=restrictions)
restriction¶ Syllabification: (re•stric•tion)¶ Pronunciation: /ri?strikSH?n/ noun¶ (often restrictions)¶ a limiting condition or measure, especially a legal one:¶ planning restrictions on commercial development¶ the limitation or control of someone or something, or the state of being limited or restricted:¶ the restriction of local government power

Violation: The aff doesn’t restrict the President’s war powers.

Standards:

Effects Topicality: Establishment of a new court does nothing to restrict the President’s war powers – we can’t evaluate the effect of the plan since their entire case is based on the hypothetical actions of that court.

Ground: The resolution has granted the aff all existing legislative and judicial bodies in the USFG. Establishing new courts infringes on neg CP ground.

Predictability: The resolution clearly requires statutory or judicial restrictions within the context of present judicial and legislative bodies. It is impossible to predict what sort of ad hoc court or commission the aff is going to create.

Limits: Allowing establishment of new courts and legislative bodies explodes the possible topic area. The aff already has more than enough specific programs and war powers to choose from.

Topicality is a voting issue for fairness and education.

Tournament: UNLV | Round: 1 | Opponent: USC SH | Judge: Izak Dunn

Text: The Executive branch of the United States Government should issue an Executive Order to create a domestic terror court to resolve the legal status of persons detained in an Active Theater of War.

CP solves- functional limits create accountability and doesn’t link to politics?

Michaels 11 (Jon, Professor, UCLA School of Law, "The (Willingly) Fettered Executive: Presidential Spinoffs in National Security Domains and Beyond," Virginia Law Review, http://www.virginialawreview.org/content/pdfs/97/801.pdf)-http://www.virginialawreview.org/content/pdfs/97/801.pdf)
These are revealing …of the dominant understanding.

These are revealing case studies, weighty in the own right and interesting complements to
AND
itself serves as testament to the durability and primacy of the dominant understanding.