Tournament: UMKC | Round: 1 | Opponent: Texas-Austin Stransky-Tuchman | Judge: Stanley
The threat of terrorism creates an Outsider Enemy which justifies a permanent state of emergency ? preemptive strikes
Zizek in 2005 Slavoj, In These Times, August 11, http://www.lacan.com/zizekiranian.htm
Every power structure has to rely on an underlying implicit threat, i.e
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policeand#39;s recent execution of the innocent Brazilian electrician, Jean Charles de Menezes).

US hegemony is nothing more then an attempt to secure the global capitalist world order
Sakellaropoulos Ass’t Prof of Social Policy Panteion University and Sotiris Department of Sociology, University of the Aegean 2008 Spyros and Panagiotis Science and Society proquest
American neoconservative thinkers have the virtue of not retorting to cosmopolitan rhetoric, when talking
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attack anyone (even a present ally) who opposes its dominant position.

Resisting reliance on economic evaluation is the ultimate ethical responsibility – the current social order guarantees social exclusion on a global scale
Zizek and Daly 2k4 (Slavoj and Glyn, Conversations with Zizek page 14-16)
For Zizek it is imperative that we cut through this Gordian knot of postmodern protocol
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abject Other to that of a ‘glitch’ in an otherwise sound matrix. 

Externalizing ethics onto institutions is the worst form of violence because it exonerates individuals of responsibility for their relationship with the other which allows institutional violence across the board. This orientation makes ethics impossible and violence inevitable
Rozo, MA in philosophy and Cultural Analysis, 2004 Diego, Forgiving the Unforgivable: On Violence, Power, and the Possibility of Justice  p 19-21
Within the legal order the relations between individuals will resemble this logic where  suffering is
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– the law  infiltrates into and seeks to rule our most private conflicts.

Capitalism causes environmental destruction
Harriss-White, Professor of Development Studies, Oxford, 2006  Barbara Undermining Sustainable
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capital polices its ecological limits : poor people tread with small ecological footprints.

Demand for urgency is a product of hypocritical outrage meant to extend the privilege of global capitalism – our alternative is to do nothing in the face of the affirmative  
Zizek 2008 Slavoj Violence p 6-8

Let’s think about the fake sense of urgency that pervades the left-liberal
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to “learn, learn, and learn” what causes this violence.

Tournament: UMKC | Round: 3 | Opponent: UT San Antonio Colwell-Robertson | Judge: Montano
Border thinking s can’t account for the societal struggles
Mendoza 8 Elva Fabiola Orozco,; Virginia Polytechnic; 4/24/2008; MA Polisci; pg. 67-68 http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05062008-175949/unrestricted/Final_thesis_corrected.pdf
The development of Borderlands theory, no doubt, has been one of the most
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to the fears of the soul and has learned how to block them. 

ID politics focus on private identities make universal struggle impossible – there is only one divide which is of any consequence – those struggling for emancipation and those struggling against change
Zizek 2009 Slavoj First as Tragedy, Then as Farce page 44-45
We should fearlessly extend this insight into the problematic of false and#34;humanizationand#34; to
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and their reactionary opponents; the people and the enemies of the people. 

The aff only displaces a collective struggle against capitalism – their focus on a singular disruption makes the alternative impossible
Dean Prof of Political Science at Hobart and William Smith Colleges 2012 Jodi The Communist Horizon p 13-15
The boundaries to what can be thought as politics in certain segments of the post
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really were no alternative to states that rule in the interests of markets.
The focus on localized particularism ? capitalism
Dean Prof of Political Science at Hobart and William Smith Colleges 2012 Jodi The Communist Horizon p 173-175
An emphasis on the drive dimension of melancholia, on Freudand#39;s attention to the way
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of drive in which it is caught, unable because it enjoys them.
Imperialism cannot not separated from capitalism – the root cause debate is historically undeniable
Foster research at the North South Institute 2003 John Imperial America and War, Monthly Review, May 28 http://www.monthlyreview.org/0503jbf.htm
The reality of an informal imperialism of free trade (or imperialism without colonies)
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forms depending on the economic, political and military resources at their disposal.
Resisting reliance on economic evaluation is the ultimate ethical responsibility – the current social order guarantees social exclusion on a global scale
Zizek and Daly 2k4 (Slavoj and Glyn, Conversations with Zizek page 14-16)
For Zizek it is imperative that we cut through this Gordian knot of postmodern protocol
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abject Other to that of a ‘glitch’ in an otherwise sound matrix. 

Our alternative is to embrace the communist idea. Capitalism is collapsing all around us – the time has come to embrace the Communist Horizon – it’s the only hope to survive global catastrophe
Dean Prof of Political Science at Hobart and William Smith Colleges 2012 Jodi The Communist Horizon p 46-53
Slavoj Zizek argues that the ruling ideology wants us to think that radical change is
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the possibility of radical change, and it associates that change with communism.

Tournament: Kentucky | Round: 4 | Opponent: Liberty Call-Crane | Judge: Leeson-Schatz

Targeted killing is a euphemism that sanitizes and bureaucratizes a policy of sovereign violence and permanent war

Healy 12 (Gene, VP of Cato Inst., "Drone-War Double-Think", http://www.cato.org/publications/commentary/dronewar-doublethink)**
"Political language," George Orwell wrote in 1946, "is designed to make
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that "such operations are likely to be extended at least another decade."

Sanitized language makes military reality inevitable – Justifies atrocities like nuclear war

Cohn 87 (Carol, U Mass Boston, Gender Studies, "Sex and Death in the Rational World of Defense Intellectuals", http://www.ic.ucsc.edu/~~rlipsch/pol179/Cohn.pdf-http://www.ic.ucsc.edu/~rlipsch/pol179/Cohn.pdf)

Mechanisms of the mind’s militarization are revealed through both ¶ listening to the language and
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talking about and from the realities one is ¶ creating through the discourse. 

Our alternative is to reject their use of euphemistic language-Confronting the euphemistic language of military power solves.

Cohn 87 (CAROL, Director of the Consortium on Gender, Security and Human Rights, U Mass Boston, "Slick ’Ems, Glick ’Ems, Christmas Trees, and Cookie Cutters: Nuclear Language and How We Learned to Pat the Bomb", BULLETIN OF ATOMIC SCIENTISTS, JUNE, VOLUME 43)

Close attention to the language itself also reveals a tantalizing basis on which to challenge
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voices—diverse voices whose conversations with each other will invent those futures.

Tournament: UNLV | Round: 3 | Opponent: Arizona State Chotras-Harbauer | Judge: Weathers
Their silence is strategic. The affirmative fails to consider Native America because doing so would force a confrontation with a colonial history that undermines their ostensibly progressive agenda.
Churchill 96 (Ward, Codirector of The Colorado Chapter of The American Indian Movement, Former Professor of Ethnic Studies at The University of Colorado/Boulder, "I Am Indigenist, from a Native Son Pgs 520-30")
I’ll debunk some of this nonsense in a moment, but first I want to
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, sexist, classist, homophobic, militaristic order on non-Indians.

The INDIAN IS THE ORIGINAL EMENY COMNBATANT
Byrd, 2011
(Jodi,  The Transit of Empire, Assistant Professor of American Indian Studies and English at the University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign. – Chickasaw)

In the United States, the Indian is the original enemy combatant who cannot be
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this crucial moment in history when everything appears to be headed towards collapse.

THE TERRORISTS IS ONLY A REPRODUCTION OF THE INDIAN.
Byrd, 2011
(Jodi,  The Transit of Empire, Assistant Professor of American Indian Studies and English at the University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign. – Chickasaw)

From the Pacific with the illegal overthrow of the kingdom of Hawai'i to the Caribbean
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targeted for surveillance and destruction by U.S. patriotic pathology. 10

Indefinite detention didn’t begin with Guantanamo.
Hall 2003 (Anthony J. the American Empire and the Fourth World, p. xvii-xx)
The warriors for whom the Apache helicopters are
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in the way the world is actually governed.

Thus, our alternative to reject the affirmative’s proposal in favor of a politics aimed at the decolonization of North America. Politics invariably requires the establishment of priorities – ours should be this: First Priority to First Americans. Only dismantling the United States all together liberates Native America and us all from the grip of its imperial chokehold.
Churchill 96 (Ward, Codirector of The Colorado Chapter of The American Indian Movement, Former Professor of Ethnic Studies at The University of Colorado/Boulder, "I Am Indigenist, from a Native Son Pgs -89-94")
The question which inevitably arises with regard to indigenous land claims, especially in the
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most fundamental of all issues the more¶ sophisticated among them seek to divert

Tournament: Kentucky | Round: 2 | Opponent: Binghamton Evans-Choudhury | Judge: Garcia-Lugo

1. The topic is defined by the phrase following the colon—the USFG is the agent of the resolution, not the individual debaters

Webster’s Guide to Grammar and Writing 2k
Use of a colon before a list or an explanation that is preceded by a
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the sentence, beginning the clause after the colon with a capital letter. 

2. Resolved proves the framework for the resolution is to enact a policy.

Words and Phrases 1964 Permanent Edition
Definition of the word "resolve," given
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by Bouvier as meaning "to establish by law". 

3.’Should’denotes an expectation the aff will be enacted.

American Heritage Dictionary 2k
Used to express probability or expectation

4.The USFG is the government in Washington D.C.

Encarta Online Encyclopedia 2k http://encarta.msn.com
"The federal government of the United States is centered in Washington DC"

A.  Its key to growth, our argument isn’t just fairness, we say debate should be a sight for antagonism

Yovel 03 Jonathan Yovel  Yale Law School; University of Haifa - Faculty of Law Cardozo Law Review, Vol. 24, pp. 635-662, 2003  HALF-WRITTEN LAWS: NIETZSCHE AND LEGAL THEORY, Peter Goodrich and Mariana Velvedere, eds., Routledge 2005 http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=950742-http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=950742
While reactive forces respond to their context and in this way are dictated by them
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the will to cast itself in the world, both natural and social.

B. Arbitrary interpretations are inevitable and good; we must enforce and interpretations grounded in the community to allow for agonism

Ramaeker 01 STEFAN RAMAEKERS assistant professor at Laboratory for Education and Society Journal of Philosophy 0f Education, Vol. 35, No. 2, 2001 "Teaching to Lie and Obey: Nietzsche on Education "http://www.wehavephotoshop.com/PHILOSOPHY20NOW/PHILOSOPHY/Nietzsche/Nietzsche20On20Education.pdf-http://www.wehavephotoshop.com/PHILOSOPHY NOW/PHILOSOPHY/Nietzsche/Nietzsche On Education.pdf
Much as one values Nietzsche for his cultural criticism and for his culturally innovative ideas
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a system of morals inevitably means judging from a particular point of view.

3.  Ground rooted in tradition is a prerequisite to political engagement—

Arendt, 2k5 (Hannah, The Promise of Politics , p. 41-2)
It lies in the nature of a tradition to be accepted and absorbed, as
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shallowness which spreads a veil of meaninglessness over all spheres of modern life. 

5. We shouldn’t ascribe a telos to debate.  It doesn’t change anything in the real world all the education can be gained from reading, the value to debate is the aesthetics of the struggle

Lane 96 Robert D. Lane, Classics, Philosophy, and Religious Studies/ Institute of Practical Philosophy  Vancouver Island University "The Absurd Hero" http://records.viu.ca/www/ipp/absurd.htm-http://records.viu.ca/www/ipp/absurd.htm
Sisyphus is the absurd hero. This man, sentenced to ceaselessly rolling a rock
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they testify to man’s allegiance to man and not to abstractions or ’absolutes’.

Tournament: UMKC | Round: 7 | Opponent: Fresno State Holley-Tate | Judge: Allsup

Your epistemology is built on stolen land— Your theory effaces and defers the Settler Colonialism of Empire, which ensures the continued genocide of indigenous people.

Byrd, 2011 (Jodi,  The Transit of Empire, Assistant Professor of American Indian Studies and English at the University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign. – Chickasaw)

Despite scholars’ acknowledgments of the coterminous processes of imperialism and colonialism located along the axes
AND
is my attempt to consider how and why that might be the case.

The Indian’s absence is the ontological prior through which your epistemology functions. This parallax gap is the imperialist drive behind environmental destruction and world war.

Byrd, 2011 (Jodi,  The Transit of Empire, Assistant Professor of American Indian Studies and English at the University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign. – Chickasaw)

To that end, the first chapter interrogates the Indian errant at the heart of
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States continues its global wars on terror, the environment, and livability. 

Your epistemology’s deferral of colonialism perpetuate the violent collisions and cacophony that make the transit of global empire possible— Your epistemology of oppression ignores Settler Colonialism’s dependence on the ontological exclusion of the Indian to social death. The colonial traces of your philosophy replicate civil society’s antagonistic structure of violence.

Byrd, 2011 (Jodi,  The Transit of Empire, Assistant Professor of American Indian Studies and English at the University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign. – Chickasaw)

On the threshold, then, of "the necessity with the aleatory, chaos
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sovereignty as a source of violence, remedy, memory, and grievability.

Your theory’s knowledge production maintains the structural antagonism of civil society through the parallax gaps that form a cacophony of colonialist logics. Its eradication of indigeneity dooms your epistemology and creates the stage for colonial expansion globally.

Byrd, 2011 (Jodi,  The Transit of Empire, Assistant Professor of American Indian Studies and English at the University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign. – Chickasaw)

’This chapter considers the representational logics at work in Shakespeare’s The Tempest to explore how
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en scene of U.S. neocolonialism and imperialism around the world.

Your epistemology’s prior ontological exclusion of the Indian ’Savage’ is the clearing that locks western civil society into a structural antagonism of genocide. This turns all attempts at transformative politics.

Wilderson 2009 (Frank, Red, White, and Black: Cinema and the Structure of U.S. Antagonisms, p. 141-142)

Well over twenty thousand Westerns and frontier films have been shot and released since the
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as I have indicated "transition" is merely a euphemism for disavowal).

The alternative is to reject the Aff: Rejection is the key first step to the prioritization of Indian epistemologies as an intervention to empire. Your genocidal effacement of the radical alterity of the Indian is at the heart of Settler Colonialism’s biopolitical governance over life and death.

Byrd, 2011 (Jodi,  The Transit of Empire, Assistant Professor of American Indian Studies and English at the University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign. – Chickasaw)

This book, then, is a journey of sorts, its method mnemonic as
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in decolonial, restorative justice tied to land, life, and grievability. 

Method is key to epistemology: The epistemological prioritization of decolonialization must come first. Only the alternative avoids the genocidal practices of theory and dismantles the structures of Settler Colonialism.

Byrd, 2011 (Jodi, The Transit of Empire, Assistant Professor of American Indian Studies and English at the University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign. – Chickasaw)

As Sankaran Krishna illustrates, the problem of postcolonialism for indigenous peoples has real world
AND
our work and research questions reflect the best of our governance and diplomatic tradition

Tournament: Kentucky | Round: 7 | Opponent: George Washington Arsht-Stasaski | Judge: Hallinan
We read the previously posted Byrd cards as well

Their silence is strategic. The affirmative fails to consider Native America because doing so would force a confrontation with a colonial history that undermines their ostensibly progressive agenda.

Churchill 96 (Ward, Codirector of The Colorado Chapter of The American Indian Movement, Former Professor of Ethnic Studies at The University of Colorado/Boulder, "I Am Indigenist, from a Native Son Pgs 520-30") 

I’ll debunk some of this nonsense in a moment, but first I want to
AND
, sexist, classist, homophobic, militaristic order on non-Indians.

Thus, our alternative to reject the affirmative’s proposal in favor of a politics aimed at the decolonization of North America. Politics invariably requires the establishment of priorities – ours should be this: First Priority to First Americans. Only dismantling the United States all together liberates Native America and us all from the grip of its imperial chokehold.

Churchill 96 (Ward, Codirector of The Colorado Chapter of The American Indian Movement, Former Professor of Ethnic Studies at The University of Colorado/Boulder, "I Am Indigenist, from a Native Son Pgs -89-94") 

The question which inevitably arises with regard to indigenous land claims, especially in the
AND
most fundamental of all issues the more¶ sophisticated among them seek to divert

Tournament: Kentucky | Round: 4 | Opponent: Liberty Call-Crane | Judge: Leeson-Schatz

The aff increases militarism and promotes war – They bureaucratize the other weapons they don’t’ have oversight of.

Turner, Cooper, 26 Pugh 11 (Mandy, Neil, Michael – Peace Stud’s U of Bradford, and#34;Institutionalised and co-optedand#34;, and#34;Critical Perspectives on Human Security: Rethinking Emancipation and Power in International Relations.and#34; Edited by David Chandler and Nik Hynek, p. 87-90)

If contemporary peacebuilding is best described as a process of `peacebuilding¶ from below
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`liberal peace’ and promote (neoliberal) development — albeit by war.

The plan frames targeted killing as a juridical problem to be regulated rather than a normative problem to be ruled on – The aff asks the wrong question: it’s not how should we use targeted killing, but should we use targeted killing at all. Disrupting the law’s normative power is critical to solve

Krasmann 12 (Susanne, prof. Dr, Institute for Criminological Research, University of Hamburg, and#34;Targeted Killing and Its Law: On a Mutually Constitutive Relationship,and#34; Leiden Journal of International Law (2012), 25, pg. 678)

The legal debate on targeted killing, particularly that referring to the US practice,
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threats and security, and in the dispute about targeted killing operations’ legality.¶ 

Their focus on oversight makes militarism more palatable without changing the fundamental coordinates within which militarism operates

Krause 11 (Keith, Grad Inst for Int’l Dev’t Studies in Geneva, and#34;Leashing the Dogs of War: Arms Control from Sovereignty to Governmentalityand#34;, http://www.academia.edu/3725282/-http://www.academia.edu/3725282/** _Leashing_the_Dogs_of_War_Arms_Control_from_Sovereignty_to_Governmentality_Contemporary_Security_Policy_32_1_April_2011_)

A second exemplar of the international communities approach to the broader issue of security sector
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attempts to reshape how violence is institutionalized and instrumentally used are often successful.

Militarism causes extinction

Hanrahanan 11+ Clare Hanrahanan associate member of Veterans for Peace 099, a contributing editor to War Crimes  and#34;Militarism and the and#34;Economics of Extinctionand#34;and#34; http://warisacrime.org/content/militarism-and-economics-extinction-http://warisacrime.org/content/militarism-and-economics-extinction**

Despite the horrific consequences of nuclear energy, in Oak Ridge today, the Obama
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weapons so heinous as to extend the murderous reach to all future generations.

Our alternative is to reject the affirmatives crisis driven politics - this is key to create sustainable resistance to militaristic violence

Cuomo, Professor of Philosophy, 1996 Chris, Hypatia 11.4, proquest

Moving away from crisis-driven politics and ontologies concerning war and military violence also
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the and#34;war on crime,and#34; and other state-funded militaristic campaigns.

Tournament: Kentucky | Round: 5 | Opponent: Kansas Khatri-Schile | Judge: Casey

Just war theory is based on a foundational separation of war from everyday forms of militaristic violence – the affirmatives reliance on this ethical framework foreclose the ability to criticize the omnipresence of militarism

Cuomo, Professor of Philosophy, 1996 Chris, Hypatia 11.4, proquest
Just-war theory is a prominent example of a philosophical approach that rests on
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the ethics of starting and ending direct military conflicts between and among states.

The affirmatives ethics engages a crisis driven ontology which makes resistance to structural violence impossible and assures we remain complicit with militarism

Cuomo, Professor of Philosophy, 1996 Chris, Hypatia 11.4, proquest
Ethical approaches that do not attend to the ways in which warfare and military practices
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it is perpetrated by military institutions and other militaristic agents of the state.

Killing in the name of the greater good is intimately linked to the practice of ecocide – we don’t have to win that they lead to conflict to win our impact – their exclusion of peace time militarism justifies the worst violence against the environment

Cuomo, Professor of Philosophy, 1996 Chris, Hypatia 11.4, proquest
There are many conceptual and practical connections between military practices in which humans aim to
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adequate excuse for "ecological military mayhem" (Thomas 1995, 16).

Tournament: UMKC | Round: 5 | Opponent: Baylor Sheaff-Walmsley | Judge: Walters
The affirmative attempts to fit the world within an idealized conception of reality—this posits a will to truth that frames difference as something to be annihilated.  Their politics breeds ressentiment and devalues life.   
Saurette 96 (Paul, PhD in Political Theory at Johns Hopkins, “I Mistrust all Systmeatizers and Avoid Them: Nietzsche, Arendt, and the Crisis of the Will to Order in International Relations Theory,” Millenium Vol 25. No1 pp. 3-6)

According to Nietzsche, the philosophical foundation of a society is the set of¶
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, the Will to Order becomes the¶ fundamental philosophical principle of modernity.
Risk is inherent to existence—their fear of life robs them of everything that makes life worth living for.  The human condition is flux, disorder, chaos, and difference—denial of this only produces more insecurity and negates life.  
Der Derian 93 (James, Professor of Political Science at the University of Maschuesetts-Amherst and Professor of IR at Brown, “The Value of Security: Hobbes, Marx, Nietzsche, and Baudrillard,” in The Political Subject of Violence ed. David Campbell and Michael Dillon, p. 101-105)

One must begin with Nietzsche's idea of the will to power, which he clearly
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canalized into a cautious identity constructed from the calculation of risks and benefits.
Attempts to predict and prevent catastrophe are not only doomed to failure, but worsen those catastrophes.  
Der Derian 5 (James Der Derian, “National Security, An Accident Waiting to Happen,” Harvard International Review; Oct2005, Vol. 27 Issue 3, p84-83)

It often takes a catastrophe to reveal the illusory beliefs we continue to harbor in
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-scale accident is now the prolongation of total war by other means."
Our alternative is to do nothing in the instance of the affirmative.  
Ontological disarmament in the face of dangerous others is the only means to real peace, which cannot exist physically but only in the mind.  
Nietzsche 1878 –The Anti-Christ, renowned philosopher and professor at the University of Basil (Human All too Human. Aphorism #284)

The means to real peace—No government admits any more that it keeps an
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indeed you know, comes from a cloud-and from up high.
The inevitability of death means that our primary concern must be a tragic affirmation of life.  Succumbing to fear tactics like the 1AC leaves a humanity so defaced as to outweigh extinction.  
White 1990 (Alan, Mark Hopkins Professor of Philosophy at Williams College, Within Nietzsche’s Labrynth, “Tragedy” http://web.williams.edu/wp-etc/philosophy/awhite/WNL20web/Tragedy20frames.htm)

The Greeks required not only tragedy, Nietzsche tells us, but also art.  
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is that the tragic disposition not die out. (WB:4)