1AC - Security 1NC - BlackIndigenous Eroticism 2NR - the K
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1AC - Plan
Tournament: GSU | Round: 1 | Opponent: Houston AA | Judge: Repko Resolved: The United States Federal Government should increase statutory restrictions on the war powers authority of the President by requiring that the President acquire the approval of the Pakistani government for drone strikes within Pakistan
10/10/13
1AC - Pakistan Stability Advantage
Tournament: GSU | Round: 1 | Opponent: Houston AA | Judge: Repko Squo unilateral strikes are creating instability in Pakistan – the plan is key to consolidating government perception Foust, Fellow at the American Security Project, 7-12-12 (Joshua, “U.S. Drones Make Peace With Pakistan Less Likely,” The Atlantic, accessed 8-1-13, http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2012/07/us-drones-make-peace-with-pakistan-less-likely/259756/, LMM)
Pakistani ambassador to the U.S. …. action against really important threats.
Scenario 1: Balochistan
Squo efforts in Baluchistan fail – Sharif’s reforms are key Zehra, Intelligence Analyst for South Asia Monitor, 13 (Nasim, 7-22, “ Will Sharif’s Capacity Match His Resolve?”, date accessed: 9-11-13, http://southasiamonitor.org/detail.php?type=nandnid=5240, LMM)
The curse of terrorism too hit Pakistan’s … Pakistanis want an answer to.
Nawaz Sharif, soon after …. arrived at the Prime Minister’s House. (Courtesy: The News)
Balochistan instability causes World War III – NATO split and US, Russia, China war Mir, Retired Brigadier of the Pakistan Army, 12 (Nadir, Publisher for Defense, Intelligence, Geopolitics Journal in Central Asia, 4-3, “Balochistan and Regional Geopolitics”, date accessed: 9-19-13, http://www.terminalx.org/2012/03/balochistan-and-regional-geopolitics.html, LMM)
Pakistan will fight a war, ….leading to World War III.
Scenario 2: FATA
Unilateral drones in FATA spur anti-Americanism, blowback, and increased radical takeover play key to solve Masood, Professor of Law at Monmouth College, 13 (Hassan, “Death From the Heavens: The Politics of the United States’ Drone Campaign in Pakistan’s Tribal Areas”, date accessed: 9-14-13, LMM)
Fricker and Plaw draw attention …. most directly affected by it.
Sharif’s stance on TTP is weak now and US drone strikes destroys his credibility Jan, Analyst and the Pakistan Team Lead for the American Enterprise Institute’s Critical Threats Project, 13 (Reza, 07-13, His work has focused on South Asian security as well as domestic and regional politics, energy and economic issues. He specializes in the Taliban insurgency, terrorist groups in South Asia, the Pakistani military and regional counterinsurgency strategy and operations. Reza has briefed U.S. representatives and senior congressional staff as well as members of the U.S. military, intelligence and law enforcement communities. His writings and analyses have been widely published, including in the New York Times, Foreign Policy and Small Wars Journal, among others. Reza graduated with honors from Georgetown University’s School of Foreign Service where he received a B.S.F.S. in International Politics, concentrating in Security Studies. Reza is from Karachi, Pakistan, “The Future of Pakistan: What To Expect From Nawaz Sharif’s New Government”, 9-3-13, http://www.criticalthreats.org/sites/default/files/pdf_upload/analysis/The_Future_of_Pakistan_RJan_20130731.pdf, LMM)
One of the principal …. on how to approach the TTP.
AND, War in Central Asia is the most probably scenario for extinction Fehrenbach, American author and former head of the Texas Historical Commission, 8 (T.R., "Central Asia ripe for next Big One," San Antonio Express-News, 3-9-8, l/n, accessed 1-16-12, mss)
Central Asia ripe …., but I'll let history answer that.
Terrorism uniquely causes conflict – overrides other checks on conflict Tripathi, Assistant Professor at the Department of International Relations of South Asian University, 12 (Dhananjay, 4-1, “Energy Security: The Functional Area of Regional Cooperation for South Asia”, date accessed: 9-14-13, http://133.87.26.249/dspace/bitstream/2115/50918/1/EBR3-2_006.pdf, LMM)
The problem does ….cooperation in some functional area
Giving veto power to Pakistan key - creates sustainable ways to eliminate terrorist havens in Afghanistan and Pakistan Gerstein, Politico Reporter, 7-29-11 (Josh, “Dennis Blair rips Obama White House,” accessed 8-25-13, http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0711/60199.html, LMM)
Former Director of National Intelligence …. part of Pakistan under control.”
A terrorist nuclear attack, and ….chances of nuclear restraint. Pakistan collapse causes quick nuclear World War III Rosenbaum, Slate columnist, 7 (Ron, "Talkin' World War III," Slate, www.slate.com/articles/life/the_spectator/2007/11/talkin_world_war_iii.single.html, accessed 10-25-11, mss)
And now we have the crisis in Pakistan, one …. Iranians are attacked.
Status quo drones kill Sharif’s political capital – plan is the only way to consolidate a win Markey, Council on Foreign Relations, 7-16-13 (Daniel, “A New Drone Deal For Pakistan,” accessed 7-30-13, http://troubledkashmir.com/kashmir/?p=5370, LMM)
For all its successes, …. comes to target selection.
If you want to gain …. he calls the "youth bulge."
Nuclear war Rosenbaum, Slate columnist, 11 (Ron, How the End Begins: The Road to a Nuclear World War III, March 2011, google books, pg16-19, accessed 10-25-11, mss)
India is key to global economic growth Basu, Cornell University Economics professor, 12 (Kaushik, 8/25, “The Indian Economy: Rising to Global Challenges,” accessed: 9/5/2013, http://www.kaushikbasu.org/K.20R.20Narayanan20Oration.pdf, ADC)
The dramatic change …. humanitarian global objectives.
Global economic crisis causes war-~--strong statistical support Royal, director of Cooperative Threat Reduction at the U.S. Department of Defense, 2010 (Jedediah, Economics of War and Peace: Economic, Legal, and Political Perspectives, pg 213-215, ldg)
Less intuitive is how …. ancillary to those views.
Consolidated Pakistani courts are key to ending gender violence in the tribal regions Weiss, Head of the Department of International Studies at the University of Oregon, 12 (Anita, Vice president of the American Institute of Pakistan Studies. Her research focuses on culture and development in Pakistan and social change and political transformations in Pakistan. Dr. Weiss is currently working on a forthcoming book Interpreting Islam, Modernity, and Women’s Rights in Pakistan and is co-editor (with S. Khattak) of Development Challenges Confronting Pakistan. She holds a BA from Rutgers University and an MA and PhD from the University of California at Berkeley, 5-1, “Moving Forward With the Legal Empowerment of Women in Pakistan, “Moving Forward With the Legal Empowerment of Women in Pakistan”, date accessed: 9-9-13, http://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/SR305.pdf, LMM)
That legislation strengthening …. availability of a forum.
Enacting change in the world is key to subjectivity and value to life—social and political action is good, creates shared meaning, and overcomes subject/object dualisms. May, Clemson University Philosophy Professor, 2005 (Todd, "To change the world, to celebrate life," Philosophy Social Criticism 31, pg. 519-531, cab)
To change the …. up for you.
AND- The institutions of the state are necessary in the fight against gendered violence- any alternative abandons women to endure intimate violence alone Guzik, Bloomfield College assistant sociology professor, 2009 Keith, Arresting Abuse: Mandatory Legal Interventions, Power, and Intimate Abusers, 187-188
Of course, the …. is not in order.
Using the law provides a unique space to challenge masculine bias within the law Lewis et al., Newcastle social sciences professor, 2001 (Ruth, “LAW’S PROGRESSIVE POTENTIAL: THE VALUE OF ENGAGEMENT WITH THE LAW FOR DOMESTIC VIOLENCE”, Social Legal Studies, March, SAGE, ldg)
While sceptical legal ….the feminist movement.
1/14/14
2AC - T-Restrict
Tournament: GSU | Round: 1 | Opponent: Houston AA | Judge: Repko Restriction means a limit and includes conditions on action CAA, 08 (Court Of Appeals Of Arizona, Division One, Department A, State Of Arizona, Appellee, v. JEREMY RAY WAGNER, Appellant., 2008 Ariz. App. Unpub. LEXIS 613 P10 The term "restriction" is not defined by the Legislature for the purposes of the DUI statutes. See generally A.R.S. § 28-1301 (2004) (providing the "definitions" section of the DUI statutes). In the absence of a statutory definition of a term, we look to ordinary dictionary definitions and do not construe the word as being a term of art. Lee v. State, 215 Ariz. 540, 544, ¶ 15, 161 P.3d 583, 587, date accessed: 9-18-13, LMM) P10 The term "restriction" is ….interlock device limitation.
9/21/13
2AC - TPA Politics
Tournament: GSU | Round: 1 | Opponent: Houston AA | Judge: Repko Immigration Thumps the DA The Daily Caller 9-20-13 (“Two top GOP leaders quit immigration group, blame Obama”, Accessed 9-21-13,http://dailycaller.com/2013/09/20/gop-congressmen-quit-immigration-group-blame-obama/#ixzz2fWhCamAe)NJR Two leading Republicans….will not become law. PC low and fails for fiscal fights Sargent, Washington Post Correspondent, 9-12 (Greg, "The Morning Plum: Senate conservatives stick the knife in House GOP leaders," Washington Post,date accessed: 9/21/13, LMM) All of this underscores a basic a …. has long since passed. Healthcare debates drain Obama’s PC – he’s focused on taking it off the table Silva, Bloomberg, 9-18 (Mark, “Cantor: Cutting Spending, ‘Obamacare’ Too — Obama: No ‘Bargaining Chip’,” 9-18-13,http://go.bloomberg.com/political-capital/2013-09-18/cantor-cutting-spending-obamacare-too/, DOA: 9-21-13, ara) House Majority Leader Eric… bargaining chip to create policy.” Obama has no PC now – Syria, Summers, economy, and warming reports prove Rogers, Washington Post, 9-17 (Ed, “The Insiders: Stubborn facts and bothersome polls,” 9-17-13,http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/post-partisan/wp/2013/09/17/the-insiders-stubborn-facts-and-bothersome-polls/, DOA: 9-21-13, ara) It seems like it has been …bigger and stronger than ever. Congress doing the plan means less controversy Corcoran, New Hampshire School of Law Prof, 11 (Erin M., March 2011, “Obama's Failed Attempt to Close Gitmo: Why Executive Orders Can't Bring About Systemic Change,” accessed 9-18-13, hec) Overall, there are several advantages of …. to fund its implementation. *231 Syria and Summers nomination tank Obama’s PC – cause fighting in Democratic ranks Garrett, distinguished fellow, George Washington University School of Media and Public Affairs, 9-17 (Major, National Journal correspondent, “A September to Surrender: Syria and Summers Spell Second-Term Slump,” 9-17-13, http://www.nationaljournal.com/all-powers/a-september-to-surrender-syria-and-summers-spell-second-term-slump-20130917, DOA: 9-21-13, ara) These truths transcend ….were so unyielding and damaging. Free trade agreements aren’t free trade – generic ev doesn’t apply Wallach, trade lawyer, 5 (Lori, Director of Public Citizen’s Global Trade Watch, “Free Trade—How Free Is It?” 4-13-05,http://www.globalissues.org/video/728/lori-wallach-free-trade-how-free-is-it, DOA: 3-29-13, ara) Well, there’s a theory … little to do about free trade
9/21/13
Bohemian Rhapsody AFF - 1AC
Tournament: D7qualifier | Round: 1 | Opponent: Pittsburgh Larsen-Julian | Judge: Awsare Is this the real life? Burke, New South Wales IR professor, 2007 (Anthony, “Ontologies of War: Violence, Existence and Reason”, Theory and Event, 10.2, project muse, ldg)
I see such a ….? Will our thought?
Is this just fantasy? Halberstam, USC American Studies, Ethnicity Studies, and Comparative Literature Professor, ‘11 (Judith, Phd University of Minnesota, “The Queer Art of Failure” 2011 ebook. Accessed 12-20-13 mlb)
A radical take …. and fewer answers.
Caught in a landslide Yep, Professor of Communication Studies at San Francisco State University, 2004. (Gust A., Ph.D. in Communication., Queer Theory and Communication: From Disciplining Queers to Queering the Discipline(s), pg. 18). Jt
In this passage, ….gender, and sexuality.
Too late, my time has come Calkivik, PhD, Philosophy, University of Minnesota, 10 (Emine Asli, “Dismantling Security,” October 2010, conservancy.umn.edu/bitstream/99479/1/Calkivik_umn_0130E_11576.pdf, accessed 5/15/13, kns)
In January 2006, ….ethics, a new politics?
Sends shivers down my spine Campbell, professor, international politics, University of Newcastle, 98 (David, Writing Security, pg. 4-6)
Identity is an inescapable …. attuned to the issues.
Body's aching all the time Warner, 93 (Michael, Fear of a Queer Planet, Google Reader, pg 171-14, CW, accessed on 8/17/11)
The modern liberal …. in modernity
Goodbye everybody - I've got to go Dantley, Miami educational leadership professor, 2002 (Michael, “Uprooting And Replacing Positivism, The Melting Pot, Multiculturalism, And Other Impotent Notions In Educational Leadership Through An African American Perspective”, Education and Urban Society, 34.3, SAGE, ldg)
The cultural thought …. of Le Corbusier or Meis. (p. 143)
Scaramouch, scaramouch will do the fandango Ahmed, Institute for Policy Research and Development director, 2012 (Nafeez, “The international relations of crisis and the crisis of international relations: from the securitisation of scarcity to the militarisation of society”, Global Change, Peace and Security, 23.3, SAGE, ldg)
The twenty-first …. in violent conflict.
Thunderbolt and lightning - very very frightening me. Halberstam, USC American Studies, Ethnicity Studies, and Comparative Literature Professor, ‘11 (Judith, Phd University of Minnesota, “The Queer Art of Failure” 2011 ebook. Accessed 12-20-13 mlb)
Any book that begins ….thought and politics.
Gallileo, Gallileo, Shapiro, Professor of Political Science at the University of Hawaii, 97 (Michael J., “Violent Cartographies”, pg. 208-209, date accessed : 10-15-13, LMM)
More generally, shredding the structure of past, violent inscriptions, Sorger is finally able to live in the present to achieve a “presence of mind” in his reaching out to the world to become “capable of penetrating to the depths of space and of participating in the peaceful beauty of his ….the already said.
Nothing really matters - nothing really matters to me Harney and Moten, professor of Strategic Management Education and, professor of Modern Poetry, 13 (Stefano, co-founder of the School for Study and Fred, PhD, University of Berkeley, "The Undercommons: Fugitive Planning and Black Study", accessed 01/15/14, BEN)
“To the university ….., the only possible act.
2/22/14
Indefinite Detention AFF - 1AC
Tournament: D7qualifier | Round: 3 | Opponent: James Madison Miller-Bosley | Judge: Swanlek Indefinite detention is motivated by a security paradigm rooted in racialized-sexualized logic. These practices form the basis of a biopolitical devaluation of life that forms the foundation of the modern anti-Black and settler colonialist state. Richter-Montpetit, York University Graduate Fellow, 2014 (Melanie, “Beyond the Erotics of Orientalism. Lawfare, torture and the racial-sexual grammars of legitimate suffering,” Security Dialogue 45:1, accessed 2/12/14 via SAGE Journals, pg. 44-45, CAB)
If torture does …. these biopolitical acts.
The security logic manifested in detention practices is a crucial engine of ongoing marking and disciplining of difference maintaining the racialized violence of anti-Blackness and colonialism. Richter-Montpetit, York University Graduate Fellow, 2014 (Melanie, “Beyond the Erotics of Orientalism. Lawfare, torture and the racial-sexual grammars of legitimate suffering,” Security Dialogue 45:1, accessed 2/12/14 via SAGE Journals, pg. 51-54, CAB)
The torture memos …… sexed race-making.
These security practices function as an eroticization of violence and a marking of the queer subject as disposable. This heteronormative security apparatus is key to the production of state sovereignty, constructs the other as disposable, and underpins the logic of coloniality. Richter-Montpetit, York University Graduate Fellow, 2014 (Melanie, “Beyond the Erotics of Orientalism. Lawfare, torture and the racial-sexual grammars of legitimate suffering,” Security Dialogue 45:1, accessed 2/12/14 via SAGE Journals, pg. 54-55, CAB)
Torture is commonly ….and civilization itself (Richter-Montpetit, 2007).
The War Powers created the legal framework for the state of exception and the logic of security depoliticizes others and manufactures consent for it. The speech act is the foundation of coercive power and spills over into violent exclusion—only institutional and rhetorical desecuritization can solve. Newell and Mitzen, Doctoral Student at Syracuse University and Ph.D. from University of Chicago, 2011 (Michael E. and Dr. Jennifer, T.A. at Syracuse and Associate Professor at Ohio State University, respectively, “Crisis Authority, the War on Terror and the Future of Constitutional Democracy,” JUROS, Online, Pages 65-67, Written in 2011, Accessed 08/01/2013, AJH)
The state of …..about by desecuritization.
The current logic of security is based on a desire to control and manage that renders everything knowable and predictable. This static political epistemology results in a static ontology of the self and politics, destroying agency in decision-making, reifying structural antagonisms, and culminating in limitless war and otherization. Burke, New South Wales IR professor, 2007 (Anthony, “Ontologies of War: Violence, Existence and Reason”, Theory and Event, 10.2, project muse, ldg)
I see such ….Will our thought?
ht?
Current policies perpetuate the rhetoric of crisis and security, and the linear scenario predictions of the security paradigm are flawed. This leads to bureaucratic compartmentalization and faulty policy-analysis causing systematic otherization and militarized responses that culminate in war. Ahmed, Institute for Policy Research and Development director, 2012 (Nafeez, “The international relations of crisis and the crisis of international relations: from the securitisation of scarcity to the militarisation of society”, Global Change, Peace and Security, 23.3, SAGE, ldg)
The twenty-first … in violent conflict.
The invisible center of norms for which heteronormativity is able to take charge and cause the normalization. This allows for the continued domination, marginalization, and eradication of those not fit to be within its framework. Yep, Professor of Communication Studies at San Francisco State University, 2004. (Gust A., Ph.D. in Communication., Queer Theory and Communication: From Disciplining Queers to Queering the Discipline(s), pg. 18). Jt
In this passage, …. gender, and sexuality.
The discourse of security is the foundational myth of the biopolitical empire. This leads to a colonization of everyday life, implicating all levels of society in militarism, oppression, and systemic violence; producing a culture of terror that defines existence. Calkivik, PhD, Philosophy, University of Minnesota, 10 (Emine Asli, “Dismantling Security,” October 2010, conservancy.umn.edu/bitstream/99479/1/Calkivik_umn_0130E_11576.pdf, accessed 5/15/13, kns)
In January 2006, flying ….., a new politics?
Lindsey and I affirm that the united states federal government should no longer indefinitely detain.
The state only has existence through performativity and repetition in discourse against gendered bodies by normalization—the disruption and rejection of discourses of security undercut the discursive foundations of the state and destroy its legitimacy. Campbell, professor, international politics, University of Newcastle, 98 (David, Writing Security, pg. 4-6)
Identity is an ….. attuned to the issues.
Current debate and academia polices difference as a way to securitize the debate space—the aff is a rejection Dantley, Miami educational leadership professor, 2002 (Michael, “Uprooting And Replacing Positivism, The Melting Pot, Multiculturalism, And Other Impotent Notions In Educational Leadership Through An African American Perspective”, Education and Urban Society, 34.3, SAGE, ldg)
The cultural thought is …. Corbusier or Meis. (p. 143)
Current debate practices focus on a narrow epistemology that excludes alternate perspectives – the aff is key Little, Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Melbourne, 08 (Adrian, 2008, “Democratic Piety: Complexity, Conflict and Violence”, date accessed: 10-16-13, pg 100-101, LMM)
The pursuit of …. apprehend and criticize it’ (Brown 2005: 79)
Institutions construct individual’s identities by creating an acceptable norm and denying individuals that refuse to engage with those institutions. Warner, 93 (Michael, Fear of a Queer Planet, Google Reader, pg 171-14, CW, accessed on 8/17/11)
The modern liberal …. legitimation in modernity
2/27/14
Indefinite Detention AFF - 2AC - K - Zupancic
Tournament: D7qualifier | Round: 3 | Opponent: James Madison Miller-Bosley | Judge: Swanlek All beings are necessarily relational and conditioned by engagement with others - the 1aC is a necessary condition of subjectivity, and is key to destroy the ideology of genocide. Arnett, Duquesne University Communication Professor, 2003 (Ronald C., "The Responsive 'I': Levinas's Derivative Argument," Argumentation and Advocacy 40.1, pg. 39-43, cab)
Emmanuel Levinas, considered ….. philosophy, but first philosophy" (Levinas, Totality and Infinity 304).
Enacting change in the world is key to subjectivity and value to life—social and political action is good, creates shared meaning, and overcomes subject/object dualisms. May, Clemson University Philosophy Professor, 2005 (Todd, "To change the world, to celebrate life," Philosophy Social Criticism 31, pg. 519-531, cab)
To change the …… up for you.
Security framing is the basis for modern sovereignty and is the justifying logic of war, the prison system, dispossession of indigenous lands, capitalism, and the drive to objectify the Other. Burke, South Wales IR senior lecturer, 2007 (Anthony, Beyond Security, Ethics and Violence, pg 134-135, LMM)
I write here from …. capital’s global sovereignty.
2/27/14
Indefinite Detention AFF - 2AC - T - Framework
Tournament: D7qualifier | Round: 3 | Opponent: James Madison Miller-Bosley | Judge: Swanlek Current debate and academia polices difference as a way to securitize the debate space—the aff is a radical rejection of the logic of security. Dantley, Miami educational leadership professor, 2002 (Michael, “Uprooting And Replacing Positivism, The Melting Pot, Multiculturalism, And Other Impotent Notions In Educational Leadership Through An African American Perspective”, Education and Urban Society, 34.3, SAGE, ldg)
The cultural thought ….Le Corbusier or Meis. (p. 143)
Current debate practices focus on a narrow epistemology that excludes alternate perspectives and performances—this securitization of debate needs to be rejected. Little, Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Melbourne, 08 (Adrian, 2008, “Democratic Piety: Complexity, Conflict and Violence”, date accessed: 10-16-13, pg 100-101, LMM)
The pursuit of … apprehend and criticize it’ (Brown 2005: 79)
2/27/14
New AFF - 1AC - Texas Round 3
Tournament: Texas | Round: 3 | Opponent: West Virginia Dorsey-Ejimofor | Judge: Rodriguez Whats the Alternative? Mr. Krabs: And just when you think you’ve found the land of milk and honey, they grab ya by the britches, and haul you way up high, and higher, and higher, and higher, until you’re hauled up to the surface, flopping and gasping for breath! And then they cook ya, and then they eat ya—or worse! SpongeBob: Terrified What could be worse than that? Mr. Krabs: Softly Gift shops. —“Hooky,” SpongeBob SquarePants
The current logic of security is based on a desire to control and manage that renders everything knowable and hence predictable. This static political epistemology results in a static ontology of the self and politics, reifying structural antagonisms, and culminating in limitless war and otherization. The aff rejects the logic of politics-as-usual. . Burke, New South Wales IR professor, 2007 (Anthony, “Ontologies of War: Violence, Existence and Reason”, Theory and Event, 10.2, project muse, ldg)
I see such a drive …..d violence? Will our thought?
The framework for this round should be rogue intellectualism – illegibility is a better starting point Halberstam, USC American Studies, Ethnicity Studies, and Comparative Literature Professor, ‘11 (Judith, Phd University of Minnesota, “The Queer Art of Failure” 2011 ebook. Accessed 12-20-13 mlb)
A radical take on ….. questions and fewer answers.
The invisible center of norms for which heteronormativity is able to take charge and cause the normalization of the queers. This allows for the continued domination, marginalization, and eradication of individuals not seen as fit to be within its framework. Yep, Professor of Communication Studies at San Francisco State University, 2004. (Gust A., Ph.D. in Communication., Queer Theory and Communication: From Disciplining Queers to Queering the Discipline(s), pg. 18). Jt
In this passage, Simmons …. gender, and sexuality.
The discourse of security and crisis is the foundational myth of the biopolitical empire. The perpetuation of this politics leads to a colonization of everyday life, implicating all levels of society in militarism, oppression, and systemic violence and producing a culture of terror that defines every aspect of existence and denies freedom. Dismantling the logic of security is the only way to solve. Calkivik, PhD, Philosophy, University of Minnesota, 10 (Emine Asli, “Dismantling Security,” October 2010, conservancy.umn.edu/bitstream/99479/1/Calkivik_umn_0130E_11576.pdf, accessed 5/15/13, kns)
In January 2006, flying ….. a new ethics, a new politics?
The state only has existence through performativity and repetition in discourse against gendered bodies by normalization and regulation —the disruption and rejection of discourses of security undercut the discursive foundations of the state and destroy its legitimacy. The aff solves the disciplinary power of the state and the violence of exclusion. Campbell, professor, international politics, University of Newcastle, 98 (David, Writing Security, pg. 4-6)
Identity is an inescapable ….. attuned to the issues.
May the best monster win! —Sully in Monsters, Inc.
Current debate practices are an example of a heteronormative policing of identities – this form of debate is an action of violence and exclusion against queers Butler, professor in the Rhetoric and Comparative Literature departments at the University of California, Berkeley, 2k (Judith Butler, , and is also the Hannah Arendt Professor of Philosophy at the European Graduate School. Butler received her PhD in philosophy from Yale University, “Changing the Subject: Judith Butler's Politics of Radical Resignification.”, interview conducted by Olson, Gary A.; Worsham, Lynn, JAC: A Journal of Composition Theory, v20 n4 p727-65 Fall 2000, http://jaconlinejournal.com/archives/vol20.4/olson-changing.pdf, accessed 12/22/12, soap)
I'm always glad …..fundamentally capacious way.
Current policies perpetuate the rhetoric of crisis and security, and the linear scenario predictions of the security paradigm are flawed. This leads to bureaucratic compartmentalization and faulty policy-analysis. The impact is systematic otherization and militarized responses that culminate in war. Ahmed, Institute for Policy Research and Development director, 2012 (Nafeez, “The international relations of crisis and the crisis of international relations: from the securitisation of scarcity to the militarisation of society”, Global Change, Peace and Security, 23.3, SAGE, ldg)
The twenty-first century ….. in violent conflict.
Prefer rogue intellectualism – ‘rigorous’ studies reify dominant discourses Halberstam, USC American Studies, Ethnicity Studies, and Comparative Literature Professor, ‘11 (Judith, Phd University of Minnesota, “The Queer Art of Failure” 2011 ebook. Accessed 12-20-13 mlb)
Any book that …., and in thought and politics.
Our aff is an instance of an ethic that embraces uncertainty in relation to debate and politics—this destroys the paradigm of inclusion and exclusion and is a way to break down current norms in the debate space. Shapiro, Professor of Political Science at the University of Hawaii, 97 (Michael J., “Violent Cartographies”, pg. 208-209, date accessed : 10-15-13, LMM)
More generally, shredding ….. the already said.
Academic space depends on demystification of belief that requires labor- by functioning in the undercommons we fulfill that need for labor without fulfilling the call to plan and preventing reproduction of our strategies. Student reaction is key to critiquing the university Harney and Moten, professor of Strategic Management Education and, professor of Modern Poetry, 13 (Stefano, co-founder of the School for Study and Fred, PhD, University of Berkeley, "The Undercommons: Fugitive Planning and Black Study", accessed 01/15/14, BEN)
In that undercommons …. war, always in hiding.
I suffer from short- term memory loss. It runs in my family . . . or at least I think it does. . . . Where are they? —Dory in Finding Nemo (2003)
2/13/14
New AFF - 1AC - Texas Round 7
Tournament: Texas | Round: 7 | Opponent: Emory JS | Judge: Keegan Tomik Do you remember? Do you?
The United States Federal Government should increase restrictions on the war powers authority of the President by requiring that the President acquire the approval of the Pakistani government for remotely piloted aircraft targeting entities within Pakistan
Burke, New South Wales IR professor, 2007 (Anthony, “Ontologies of War: Violence, Existence and Reason”, Theory and Event, 10.2, project muse, ldg)
I see such a …. and violence? Will our thought?
Status quo drones kill Sharif’s political capital – plan is the only way to consolidate a win
Halberstam, USC American Studies, Ethnicity Studies, and Comparative Literature Professor, ‘11 (Judith, Phd University of Minnesota, “The Queer Art of Failure” 2011 ebook. Accessed 12-20-13 mlb)
A radical take on … and fewer answers.
Squo efforts in Baluchistan fail – Sharif’s reforms are key
Yep, Professor of Communication Studies at San Francisco State University, 2004. (Gust A., Ph.D. in Communication., Queer Theory and Communication: From Disciplining Queers to Queering the Discipline(s), pg. 18). Jt
In this passage, …., gender, and sexuality.
The United States Federal Government should restrict targeted killing outside zones of active hostilities to clear and convincing instances determined using a quantum of information framework. Calkivik, PhD, Philosophy, University of Minnesota, 10 (Emine Asli, “Dismantling Security,” October 2010, conservancy.umn.edu/bitstream/99479/1/Calkivik_umn_0130E_11576.pdf, accessed 5/15/13, kns)
In January 2006, flying …. ethics, a new politics?
This is current administration policy, it just needs to be formalized
The threat of nuclear …. powerfully to the process.
Status quo executive clarification fails to set an adequate precedent Campbell, professor, international politics, University of Newcastle, 98 (David, Writing Security, pg. 4-6)
Identity is an …. attuned to the issues.
The United States Federal Government should restrict the war powers authorities of the President by statutorily requiring that all offensive cyber operations be made consistent with the law of armed conflict, in accordance with the Tallinn Manual.. Butler, professor in the Rhetoric and Comparative Literature departments at the University of California, Berkeley, 2k (Judith Butler, , and is also the Hannah Arendt Professor of Philosophy at the European Graduate School. Butler received her PhD in philosophy from Yale University, “Changing the Subject: Judith Butler's Politics of Radical Resignification.”, interview conducted by Olson, Gary A.; Worsham, Lynn, JAC: A Journal of Composition Theory, v20 n4 p727-65 Fall 2000, http://jaconlinejournal.com/archives/vol20.4/olson-changing.pdf, accessed 12/22/12, soap)
I'm always glad ….fundamentally capacious way.
Tallinn Manual standards solves – gives transparency on key issues and resolves ambiguities Ahmed, Institute for Policy Research and Development director, 2012 (Nafeez, “The international relations of crisis and the crisis of international relations: from the securitisation of scarcity to the militarisation of society”, Global Change, Peace and Security, 23.3, SAGE, ldg)
The twenty-first century …. in violent conflict.
Multiple agencies aren’t covered by current rulings Halberstam, USC American Studies, Ethnicity Studies, and Comparative Literature Professor, ‘11 (Judith, Phd University of Minnesota, “The Queer Art of Failure” 2011 ebook. Accessed 12-20-13 mlb)
Any book that …. in thought and politics.
United States Federal Judiciary should substantially increase National Environmental Policy Act restrictions to the introduction of Armed Forces into hostilities. Warner, 93 (Michael, Fear of a Queer Planet, Google Reader, pg 171-14, CW, accessed on 8/17/11)
The modern liberal ….. legitimation in modernity
DOD complies with NEPA Shapiro, Professor of Political Science at the University of Hawaii, 97 (Michael J., “Violent Cartographies”, pg. 208-209, date accessed : 10-15-13, LMM)
More generally, shredding ….. the already said.
Political question doctrine is dead Little, Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Melbourne, 08 (Adrian, 2008, “Democratic Piety: Complexity, Conflict and Violence”, date accessed: 10-16-13, pg 100-101, LMM)
The pursuit of …. incisively apprehend and criticize it’ (Brown 2005: 79)
Dantley, Miami educational leadership professor, 2002 (Michael, “Uprooting And Replacing Positivism, The Melting Pot, Multiculturalism, And Other Impotent Notions In Educational Leadership Through An African American Perspective”, Education and Urban Society, 34.3, SAGE, ldg)
The cultural thought …. style of Le Corbusier or Meis. (p. 143)
PC is key Deacon, Political Science Research for the University of Natal – Durban, 03 (Roger, Press. 2003, “Fabricating Foucault: Rationalizing the Management of Individuals”, date accessed: 10-13-13, pg. 272-275, LMM)
To problematize the …..o individual human subjects.
2/13/14
New AFF - 2AC - CP - Counter Advocacy
Tournament: Texas | Round: 7 | Opponent: Emory JS | Judge: Keegan Tomik Securitizing logic allows for the “othering” of all bodies deemed as problematic or threatening to the global order—this forms the psychological and political foundation for genocide and annihilation. This precedes and underlies other forms of discrimination. Ahmed, Institute for Policy Research and Development director, 2012 (Nafeez, “The international relations of crisis and the crisis of international relations: from the securitisation of scarcity to the militarisation of society”, Global Change, Peace and Security, SAGE, accessed 2/15/13, soap)
Consequently, for the most ….. forms of violence.
2/13/14
New AFF - 2AC - DA - Flex
Tournament: Texas | Round: 7 | Opponent: Emory JS | Judge: Keegan Tomik Anti-proliferation discourse obscures Western violence and masks the dangers of nuclear possession Cohn et al., Consortium on Gender, Security, and Human Rights director, 2005 (Carol, “The Relevance of Gender for Eliminating Weapons of Mass Destruction”, http://www.un.org/disarmament/education/wmdcommission/files/No38.pdf, DOA: 12-19-12, ldg)
“Proliferation” is not a mere …. rational security grounds.
Foreign policy constitutes a self/other dichotomy and perpetuates an identity to be securitized from those who are violently excluded. Campbell, professor, international politics, University of Newcastle, 98 (David, Writing Security, pg. 7-9)
Foreign policy (conventionally understood …. the identity that results.
2/13/14
New AFF - 2AC - DA - Targeted Killing Good
Tournament: Texas | Round: 7 | Opponent: Emory JS | Judge: Keegan Tomik Drone cause technological distancing and securitization of the Other - causes dehumanization. Wall and Monahan, Assistant Professors at Eastern Kentucky University and Vanderbilt University, 2011 (Tyler and Torin, Ph.D. from ASU and Associate Editor of Surveillance and Society, “Surveillance and violence from afar: The politics of drones and liminal security-scapes,” SAGE, Online, pdf, Pages 239-240, Written in 2011, Accessed 08/08/2013, AJH)
The corporeal politics ….to the extreme.
Their studies refuse to consider the militants perspective, based on biased secondary information, and consider all civilians are terrorist supporters – all while pretending objectivity Shika, Social Anthropology Ass. Professor, ‘9 (Jeffrey A. PhD from UC Berkeley “The Contribution of Anthropology to critical terrorism studies” Chapter 8 of Critical Terrorism Stuides: Framing a New Research Agenda” accessed: 12-28-12 mlb)
I concluded my ethnography …. anti-state violence.
2/13/14
New AFF - 2AC - T - Framework
Tournament: Texas | Round: 7 | Opponent: Emory JS | Judge: Keegan Tomik Predictability serves as a policing of difference as a way to securitize the debate space Dantley, Miami educational leadership professor, 2002 (Michael, “Uprooting And Replacing Positivism, The Melting Pot, Multiculturalism, And Other Impotent Notions In Educational Leadership Through An African American Perspective”, Education and Urban Society, 34.3, SAGE, ldg)
The cultural thought ….. Le Corbusier or Meis. (p. 143)
Academic space depends on demystification of belief that requires labor- by functioning in the undercommons we fulfill that need for labor without fulfilling the call to plan and preventing reproduction of our strategies. Student reaction is key to critiquing the university Harney and Moten, professor of Strategic Management Education and, professor of Modern Poetry, 13 (Stefano, co-founder of the School for Study and Fred, PhD, University of Berkeley, "The Undercommons: Fugitive Planning and Black Study", accessed 01/15/14, BEN)
In that undercommons of …. always in hiding. Beliefs about objectivity and predictability are used to co-opt activism, we must disbelieve in order to free ourselves Delgado 1992 (Richard, Law Professor at University of Colorado, “Shadowboxing: An Essay On Power”, In Cornell Law Review, May)
I began by observing ….., the action is racist
2/13/14
Pakistan AFF - 1AC - Pakistan Economy Advantage
Tournament: GSU | Round: 1 | Opponent: Houston AA | Judge: Repko Status quo drones kill Sharif’s political capital – plan is the only way to consolidate a win Markey, Council on Foreign Relations, 7-16-13 (Daniel, “A New Drone Deal For Pakistan,” accessed 7-30-13, http://troubledkashmir.com/kashmir/?p=5370, LMM)
For all its successes, …. comes to target selection.
If you want to gain …. he calls the "youth bulge."
Nuclear war Rosenbaum, Slate columnist, 11 (Ron, How the End Begins: The Road to a Nuclear World War III, March 2011, google books, pg16-19, accessed 10-25-11, mss)
India is key to global economic growth Basu, Cornell University Economics professor, 12 (Kaushik, 8/25, “The Indian Economy: Rising to Global Challenges,” accessed: 9/5/2013, http://www.kaushikbasu.org/K.20R.20Narayanan20Oration.pdf, ADC)
The dramatic change …. humanitarian global objectives.
Global economic crisis causes war-~--strong statistical support Royal, director of Cooperative Threat Reduction at the U.S. Department of Defense, 2010 (Jedediah, Economics of War and Peace: Economic, Legal, and Political Perspectives, pg 213-215, ldg)
Less intuitive is how …. ancillary to those views.
1/14/14
Pakistan AFF - 1AC - Plan Text
Tournament: GSU | Round: 1 | Opponent: Houston AA | Judge: Repko Resolved: The United States Federal Government should increase statutory restrictions on the war powers authority of the President by requiring that the President acquire the approval of the Pakistani government for drone strikes within Pakistan
1/14/14
Pakistan AFF - 1AC - Stability Advantage
Tournament: GSU | Round: 1 | Opponent: Houston AA | Judge: Repko Squo unilateral strikes are creating instability in Pakistan – the plan is key to consolidating government perception Foust, Fellow at the American Security Project, 7-12-12 (Joshua, “U.S. Drones Make Peace With Pakistan Less Likely,” The Atlantic, accessed 8-1-13, http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2012/07/us-drones-make-peace-with-pakistan-less-likely/259756/, LMM)
Pakistani ambassador to the U.S. …. action against really important threats.
Scenario 1: Balochistan
Squo efforts in Baluchistan fail – Sharif’s reforms are key Zehra, Intelligence Analyst for South Asia Monitor, 13 (Nasim, 7-22, “ Will Sharif’s Capacity Match His Resolve?”, date accessed: 9-11-13, http://southasiamonitor.org/detail.php?type=nandnid=5240, LMM)
The curse of terrorism too hit Pakistan’s … Pakistanis want an answer to.
Nawaz Sharif, soon after …. arrived at the Prime Minister’s House. (Courtesy: The News)
Balochistan instability causes World War III – NATO split and US, Russia, China war Mir, Retired Brigadier of the Pakistan Army, 12 (Nadir, Publisher for Defense, Intelligence, Geopolitics Journal in Central Asia, 4-3, “Balochistan and Regional Geopolitics”, date accessed: 9-19-13, http://www.terminalx.org/2012/03/balochistan-and-regional-geopolitics.html, LMM)
Pakistan will fight a war, ….leading to World War III.
Scenario 2: FATA
Unilateral drones in FATA spur anti-Americanism, blowback, and increased radical takeover play key to solve Masood, Professor of Law at Monmouth College, 13 (Hassan, “Death From the Heavens: The Politics of the United States’ Drone Campaign in Pakistan’s Tribal Areas”, date accessed: 9-14-13, LMM)
Fricker and Plaw draw attention …. most directly affected by it.
Sharif’s stance on TTP is weak now and US drone strikes destroys his credibility Jan, Analyst and the Pakistan Team Lead for the American Enterprise Institute’s Critical Threats Project, 13 (Reza, 07-13, His work has focused on South Asian security as well as domestic and regional politics, energy and economic issues. He specializes in the Taliban insurgency, terrorist groups in South Asia, the Pakistani military and regional counterinsurgency strategy and operations. Reza has briefed U.S. representatives and senior congressional staff as well as members of the U.S. military, intelligence and law enforcement communities. His writings and analyses have been widely published, including in the New York Times, Foreign Policy and Small Wars Journal, among others. Reza graduated with honors from Georgetown University’s School of Foreign Service where he received a B.S.F.S. in International Politics, concentrating in Security Studies. Reza is from Karachi, Pakistan, “The Future of Pakistan: What To Expect From Nawaz Sharif’s New Government”, 9-3-13, http://www.criticalthreats.org/sites/default/files/pdf_upload/analysis/The_Future_of_Pakistan_RJan_20130731.pdf, LMM)
One of the principal …. on how to approach the TTP.
AND, War in Central Asia is the most probably scenario for extinction Fehrenbach, American author and former head of the Texas Historical Commission, 8 (T.R., "Central Asia ripe for next Big One," San Antonio Express-News, 3-9-8, l/n, accessed 1-16-12, mss)
Central Asia ripe …., but I'll let history answer that.
Terrorism uniquely causes conflict – overrides other checks on conflict Tripathi, Assistant Professor at the Department of International Relations of South Asian University, 12 (Dhananjay, 4-1, “Energy Security: The Functional Area of Regional Cooperation for South Asia”, date accessed: 9-14-13, http://133.87.26.249/dspace/bitstream/2115/50918/1/EBR3-2_006.pdf, LMM)
The problem does ….cooperation in some functional area
Giving veto power to Pakistan key - creates sustainable ways to eliminate terrorist havens in Afghanistan and Pakistan Gerstein, Politico Reporter, 7-29-11 (Josh, “Dennis Blair rips Obama White House,” accessed 8-25-13, http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0711/60199.html, LMM)
Former Director of National Intelligence …. part of Pakistan under control.”
A terrorist nuclear attack, and ….chances of nuclear restraint. Pakistan collapse causes quick nuclear World War III Rosenbaum, Slate columnist, 7 (Ron, "Talkin' World War III," Slate, www.slate.com/articles/life/the_spectator/2007/11/talkin_world_war_iii.single.html, accessed 10-25-11, mss)
And now we have the crisis in Pakistan, one …. Iranians are attacked.
1/14/14
Pakistan AFF - 2AC - CP - OLC
Tournament: Kentucky | Round: 7 | Opponent: Wake Forest Manchester-Shaw | Judge: Lee OLC can’t speak to statutes, triggers litigation, and White House Counsel Circumvents Ackerman, Yale Law Prof, 11 (Bruce, “Lost Inside the Beltway: A Reply To Professor Morrison,” accessed 10-3-13, http://www.harvardlawreview.org/media/pdf/vol124forum_ackerman.pdf, hec)
No one trusts the CP Maxwell, Judge Advocate with the US Army, 12 (Mark, 12-12, “Targeted Killing, The Law, And Terrorists”, Joint Force Quarterly, date accessed: 9-21-13, http://www.ndu.edu/press/targeted-killing.html, LMM)
The weakness of this ….the rule of law.
XO’s link to politics and kill presidential powers – makes perception args irrelevant – history proves Schier, Political Science Prof at Carleton, 11 (Steven, “The Contemporary Presidency: The Presidential Authority Problem and the Political Power Trap Presidential Studies,” accessed 9-19-13, http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1741-5705.2011.03918.x/abstract, hec)
So the “presidential authority …., and now by Obama. .
1/14/14
Pakistan AFF - 2AC - CP - Self Restraint
Tournament: Gsu | Round: 4 | Opponent: Georgia Shanker-Caplan | Judge: Foley Statutory definition key Farley, Emory University School of Law, 12 (, J.D. with honors, Editor-in-Chief, Emory International Law Review, 2010-2011. M.A., The George Washington University Elliott School of International Affairs, 2007, South Texas Law Review, 54 S. Tex. L. Rev. 385, “ARTICLE: Drones and Democracy: Missing Out on Accountability?”, Winter, 2012, LMM)
Congress should ….. WPR cases thus far.
Perm – do both – CP alone fails – only risk solvency from the perm – gitmo proves Corcoran, New Hampshire School of Law Prof, 11 (Erin M., March 2011, “Obama's Failed Attempt to Close Gitmo: Why Executive Orders Can't Bring About Systemic Change,” accessed 9-18-13, hec)
Finally, this example ….. future controversial policy changes.
I disagree with Steve’s …. gone to Congress sooner.
XO’s link to politics and kill presidential powers – makes perception args irrelevant – history proves Schier, Political Science Prof at Carleton, 11 (Steven, “The Contemporary Presidency: The Presidential Authority Problem and the Political Power Trap Presidential Studies,” accessed 9-19-13, http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1741-5705.2011.03918.x/abstract, hec)
So the “presidential …. presidents, and now by Obama. .
Future presidents will roll back Harvard Law Review, 12 ("Developments in the Law: Presidential Authority," accessed 9-15-13, www.harvardlawreview.org/media/pdf/vol125_devo.pdf, hec)
Tournament: Gsu | Round: 8 | Opponent: Samford Kimball-Sessions | Judge: Lowry No one trusts the CP Maxwell, Judge Advocate with the US Army, 12 (Mark, 12-12, “Targeted Killing, The Law, And Terrorists”, Joint Force Quarterly, date accessed: 9-21-13, http://www.ndu.edu/press/targeted-killing.html, LMM)
The weakness of this …. rule of law.
No solvency – XO isn’t binding – can be modified in secret Dreyfuss, JD Candidate, 12 (Mike Dreyfuss is a Candidate for Doctor of Jurisprudence “My Fellow Americans, We Are Going to Kill You: The Legality of Targeting and Killing U.S. Citizens Abroad,” 2012, http://www.vanderbiltlawreview.org/content/articles/2012/01/Dreyfuss_65_Vand_L_Rev_249.pdf, DOA: 9-22-13, ara)
Notwithstanding any of … he wished to conduct.
They can be repealed by Congress Burrows, Legislative Attorney, 10 (Vanessa K., CRS, “Executive Orders: Issuance and Revocation,” 3-25-10, http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RS20846_20100325.pdf, DOA; 9-22-13, ara)
Further, as long as it is not …. particular executive orders.32
Executive orders turn the President into a lightning rod Cooper, Professor of Political Science, 97 Phillip, 07-3, Administration and Society, date accessed: 9-22-13, Lexis, LMM)
Interestingly enough, …. and ultimately dysfunctional.
Zero chance of Congressional follow-on AND CP links to politics Drum, Mother Jones Newspaper Editor, 13 (Kevin, 4-12, Maureen Dowd and Presidential Leverage, date accessed: 9-22-13, www.motherjones.com/kevin-drum/2013/04/maureen-dowd-and-presidential-leverage, LMM)
Finally, there's the most …. with the party's base.
Congress key to democratic legitimacy and preventing future vacillation in executive policy Wittes, Senior Fellow and Research Director in Public Law at Brookings Institution, 09 (Benjamin,date accessed: 9-22-13, “Legislating the War on Terror: An Agenda for Reform”, November 3, Book, p. 329-330, LMM)
While President Obama’s …. need in the future.
Congressional power of the purse rolls back the CP Fisher, Senior Specialist in Separation of Powers with the Congressional Research Service, 04 (Louis, Presidential War Power: Second Edition, date accessed: 9-22-13, Revised, p. 274-277, LMM)
Statutory Restrictions Instead of relying …. received legislative authority.53
XO’s link to politics and kill presidential powers – makes perception args irrelevant – history proves Schier, Political Science Prof at Carleton, 11 (Steven, “The Contemporary Presidency: The Presidential Authority Problem and the Political Power Trap Presidential Studies,” accessed 9-19-13, http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1741-5705.2011.03918.x/abstract, hec)
Alt cause to aerospace decline- lack of engineers Abbey and Lane, former director of the Johnson Space Center, senior fellow, 9 (George Abbey and Neal Lane, Abbey was a former director of the Johnson Space Center, Lane is the senior fellow in science and technology policy at the Baker Institute, “United Space Policy: Challenges and Opportunities Gone Astray” http://www.amacad.org/publications/spaceUS.aspx, accessed 8/15/12, vc)
No China war-too many conflict dampeners Rosecrance, Berkeley political science professor, 2010 (Richard, “Delicately Poised: Are China and the US Heading for Conflict?” Global Asia 4.4, http://www.globalasia.org/l.php?c=e251, DOA: 10-2-12, ldg)
Logical policymaker would pass the plan and raise the debt ceiling
Debt ceiling threat is overrated—alternative threats and improving markets Brodie, Fast Money Web Producer, 13 (Lee, January 2, 2013, CNBC, “Cramer: Don’t Fret Over Debt Ceiling”, http://www.cnbc.com/id/100349915, 1/3/13, atl)
Tournament: Gsu | Round: 4 | Opponent: Georgia Shanker-Caplan | Judge: Foley Won’t pass – GOP held hostage by tea party and Obama won’t negotiate Montgomery and Kane, Washington Post, 9-17 (Lori And Paul, “Threat looms on government shutdown,” 9-17-13, http://mobile.seattletimes.com/story/today/2021844750/track-.-.-./, DOA: 9-21-13, ara)
Congress has just ….negotiations, their argument goes.
PC low and fails for fiscal fights Sargent, Washington Post Correspondent, 9-12 (Greg, "The Morning Plum: Senate conservatives stick the knife in House GOP leaders," Washington Post,date accessed: 9/21/13, LMM)
All of this underscores a basic fact …. long since passed.
House Majority Leader Eric …. chip to create policy.”
No impact to shutdown Masters, Deputy Editor on the Council of Foreign Relations, 13 (Jonathan, 1-2, “US Debt Ceiling: Costs and Consequences,” Council of Foreign Relations, www.cfr.org/budget-debt-and-deficits/us-debt-ceiling-costs-consequences/p24751, LMM)
Congress doing the plan means less controversy Corcoran, New Hampshire School of Law Prof, 11 (Erin M., March 2011, “Obama's Failed Attempt to Close Gitmo: Why Executive Orders Can't Bring About Systemic Change,” accessed 9-18-13, hec)
Overall, there are several … fund its implementation. *231
Loss of PC still results in visas Yglesias, Slate, 13 (Matthew, 1-15, “How the GOP Can Roll Obama on Immigration”, www.slate.com/blogs/moneybox/2013/01/15/immigration_reform_will_obama_get_rolled.html, DOA: 2-9-13, ldg)
Tournament: Gsu | Round: 4 | Opponent: Georgia Shanker-Caplan | Judge: Foley Obama’s decisions are hurting presidential powers now, even setting the precedent for lower powers in the future Yoo, law professor at the University of California at Berkeley, 2013 (John, January 2013, “John Yoo: Diminishing the Presidency”, accessed 9/18/13, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887323375204578271681410646810.html, vc)
ISLAMABAD -- The Pakistani ….S. drone strike in 2004.
The plan is key to creating an effective drone program – maintains US presence in the region Markey, Council on Foreign Relations senior fellow, 13 (Daniel, 8-8-13, “A New Drone Deal For Pakistan,” accessed 9-14-13, http://www.cfr.org/pakistan/new-drone-deal-pakistan/p31113, hec)
For all its successes, the U.S. drone program …. the Afghan border.)
Prez flex not key to fight terrorism- Bush proves Prakash and Ramsey, Professor of Law and Sullivan and Cromwell Professor of Law and Professor of Law, University of San Diego School of Law, 12 (Saikrishna B., Michael D., 2012, “The Goldilocks Executive”, accessed 9/17/13, http://www.texaslrev.com/wp-content/uploads/Prakash-Ramsey-90-TLR-973.pdf, vc)
Tournament: Clarion | Round: 1 | Opponent: Wayne State Brundage-Schimmel | Judge: Pasquinelli Ethical decisions must be grounded in consequences Isaac, political science professor Indiana University, 2002 (Jeffrey, “Ends, Means, and Politics, Dissent Magazine, Spring 2002, ldg)
Power is not a … undermines political effectiveness.
Perm- endorse the aff and all non-exclusive parts of their alternative Solves better, using capitalism to fight itself is more effective Rothkrug, Monthly Review, 1990 (Paul, “Ecological and historical timetables - comments on 'Socialism and Ecology'; includes reply of editors - letter to the editor Monthly Review, March, 1990, http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1132/is_n10_v41/ai_8834605/pg_2/?tag=content;col1, ldg)
No institution is … for that very effort.
Turn- can’t abandon growth, past the limits of growth-only way to avert extinction is through technological progress AtKisson, former executive editor of In Context: A Quarterly of Humane Sustainable Culture, 2003 (Alan, “Sustainability is Dead— Long Live Sustainability”, 3-20, http://www.rrcap.unep.org/uneptg06/course/Robert/SustainabilityManifesto2001.pdf, ldg)
At precisely the … we can never stop.
Do the plan then the alt Doublebind- if the alt is sufficient to solve every other instance of capitalism it can solve the plan.
Critics of cap are wrong- no viable alternative Carden, Rhodes College economics professor, 2004 (Art, "Mistaken Identity,", The Mises Institute Monthly, vol. 24, no. 6, June, www.mises.org/freemarket_detail.asp?control=497andsortorder=articledate, ldg)
It is always …. to the bank.
Cap is Inevitable- promotes the value to life by channeling that into benefiting society as a whole Nash, philosophy professor, at The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, 2002 (Ronald, “Government is too big and it’s costing you!” http://www.summit.org/resources/govistoobig.htm, ldg)
Among all of …. of Socialist rulers."42
Capitalism isn’t the root cause- their alt won’t solve Aberdeen, activist and owner of Freedom Tracks Records, 2003 (Richard, “the way: a theory of root cause and solution” http://freedomtracks.com/uncommonsense/theway.html, ldg)
A view shared …. a perceived economic “class”.
1/14/14
Pakistan AFF - 2AC - K - Daoism
Tournament: Westpoint | Round: 4 | Opponent: Rochester Lim-White | Judge: Goodrich Perm—do both—the inclusion and embracing of the Daoist perspective is compatible with a renewed form of political engagement Gunaratne, Minnesota State University Moorhead Communications Professor, 2010 (Shelton, "De-Westernizing communication/social science research," Media Culture Society 32, pg. 474-475) cab
In as much as the ……some on globalization.
Ethical policymaking must be grounded in consequences Jeffrey C. Isaac, Indiana University James H. Rudy Professor of Political Science and Center for the Study of Democracy and Public Life director, Spring 2002, “Ends, Means, and Politics,” Dissent Magazine
Power is not …. undermines political effectiveness.
Double turn: a vote for the alt is a vote to stop the “way” of the aff, interrupting the Dao. Either the plan doesn’t link because it is an action, or their alt would cause you to vote for the aff to not interrupt the Dao.
Even supporters of Daoism realize that Western attempts to embrace Daoism are utopian and lead to destruction of morality while instituting irrational politics that lead to fascism, oppression, and dehumanization. Dumain, Librarian/Archivist, CLR James Institute, n.d. (Ralph, “Taoism and the Tao of Bourgeois Philosophy,” http://www.autodidactproject.org/my/tao1.html)
Clarke takes a …. their Western re-embodiment. 197-198 No alternative—Daoism will always be co-opted by the bourgeois society; its incoherency will never solve and it has empirically failed for decades. Dumain, Librarian/Archivist, CLR James Institute, n.d. (Ralph, “Taoism and the Tao of Bourgeois Philosophy,” http://www.autodidactproject.org/my/tao1.html)
By placing Daoism ….. come to a dead end.
Daoist rhetoric is based on Daoist philosophy; unless they embrace the philosophy, their K is meaningless and has absolutely no impact on this round. Combs, Associate Professor. Communication Studies Department. Loyola Marymount University, 2005 (Steven, C., The Dao of Rhetoric, State University of New York, p.75) mko
Based on ….. Plato or Christianity.
2/7/14
Pakistan AFF - 2AC - K - Legalism
Tournament: Kentucky | Round: 7 | Opponent: Wake Forest Manchester-Shaw | Judge: Lee Alt fails Rasch, professor Germanic Studies Indiana University, 2003 (William, “Human Rights as Geopolitics: Carl Schmitt and the Legal Form of American Supremacy” Cultural Critique 54 (2003) 120-147, project muse, ldg)
Clearly, neither Agamben …. the spectacle condemns it" (11).
Always value some form of political action - alternative framings political action is always deemed insufficient, causing political vacuum and the rejection of smaller positive changes Sikknik, Minnesota political science professor, 2008 (Kathryn, “The Role of Consequences, Comparison, and Counterfactuals in Constructivist, Ethical Thought”, http://www.polisci.umn.edu/centers/theory/pdf/sikkink.pdf, ldg)
Ethical arguments of …. difficult to act.
Representations don’t shape the world—material circumstances and systems of power shape discourse. Mearsheimer, Professor of political science at the University of Chicago, 1995 (John, The False Promise of International Institutions”; International Security; Vol. 19, No. 3;lexis, ldg)
Critical theory maintains …. they are challenging
Alt cedes the political-people don’t think criticism is useful. Gitlin, PhD in sociology from UC Berkeley, 2005 (Todd, The Intellectuals and the Flag, pg 1-2, ldg)
The decline of the public …. from civil society. 75
Ethical policymaking must be grounded in consequences Isaac, political science professor Indiana University, 2002 (Jeffrey, “Ends, Means, and Politics, Dissent Magazine, Spring 2002, ldg)
Power is not a dirty …. undermines political effectiveness.
1/14/14
Pakistan AFF - 2AC - K - Martinot
Tournament: JMU | Round: 2 | Opponent: James Madison Bosley-Miller | Judge: Opperman Ethical decisions must be grounded in consequences Isaac, political science professor Indiana University, 2002 (Jeffrey, “Ends, Means, and Politics, Dissent Magazine, Spring 2002, ldg)
Power is not a dirty …. undermines political effectiveness.
There is life in social death Brown, Harvard African American Studies Professor, ‘9 (Vincent, African Studies Professor, “Social Death and Political Life in the Study of Slavery” 12-09 http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/ahr.114.5.1231 The Historical Review Vol. 114. No. 5 pp.1231-1249 accessed: 1-5-13 mlb)
5. They victimize the black subject by blaming their biology which assuages white guilt and abets white supremacy – turns case Wright ‘7 (William D. Wright, a professor emeritus of history at Southern Connecticut State University and author of 25 books including "Crisis of the Black Intellectual," "Critical Reflections on Black History," "Black History and Black Identity," "Racism Matters," "Black Intellectuals, Black Cognition and a Black Aesthetic," "The Socialist Analysis of W. E. B. Du Bois" and "Historians and Slavery; A Critical Analysis of Perspectives and Irony in American Slavery and Other Recent Works." He earned a Ph.D. from State University of New York at Buffalo where he was influenced by W. E. B. Du Bois, referring to himself as a Du Boisian historical sociologist. He later published his dissertation "The Socialist Analysis of W. E. B. Du Bois." , “The Crisis of the Black Intellectual”, 2007, Page(s) 33-34, soap)
Most Black intellectuals …. white supremacy/ebonicism.
The NEG calls on the judge to identify with the suffering of blacks. By circulating the horrors of race and attempting to draw in suffering for intellectual analysis they spectralize black pain. The suffering of blacks is the vehicle for their power and is used for profiting off the ballot. This process of identification erases their identity. It becomes a mechanism for whites to gain intellectual capital but not to solve anything –that method of accumulation of knowledge is the same thing as trading that for the ballot. Hartman, Associate Professor of English @ UC BERKLEY, 97 (Saidiya V, “SCENCES OF SUBJECTION: Terror, Slavery, and Self-Making in Nineteenth-Century America”; pp. 20-21/, accessed 2/25/13, soap)
As well, we need ask why ….. other popular amusements.
6. Always value some form of political action over nebulous alternative claims. Sikknik, Minnesota political science professor, 2008 (Kathryn, “The Role of Consequences, Comparison, and Counterfactuals in Constructivist, Ethical Thought”, http://www.polisci.umn.edu/centers/theory/pdf/sikkink.pdf, ldg)
Ethical arguments of these …. difficult to act.
Their understanding of blackness as absolute dereliction is only made possible by white ideological hegemony—the fantasy of the socially dead slave is the foundation of colonialism Walker, Birkbeck University Masters in Psychosocial Studies, 12 (Tracey, “The Future of Slavery: From Cultural Trauma to Ethical Remembrance”, Graduate Journal of Social Science July 2012, Vol. 9, Issue 2, 10/16/12, atl)
To argue that ….ime of slavery.
1/19/14
Pakistan AFF - 2AC - K - Psychoanalysis
Tournament: Westpoint | Round: 2 | Opponent: New York Dellamore-DeJohn | Judge: Scher No prior questions-we don’t have to prove the universality of the liberal subject Owen, Southampton political theory reader, 2002 (David, “Re-orienting International Relations: On Pragmatism, Pluralism and Practical Reasoning”, Millennium 31.3, SAGE, ldg)
Commenting on the ‘….potentially vicious circle arises.
Psychoanalysis is non-falsifiable hindsight thinking Samuels, Traning Analyst for the SCoeity of Analytical Psychology and Science Associate, 93 (Andrew, “The Mirror and Hammer: Depth Psychology and political transformation, Vol. 3D, Psychoanalytic Publishings, date accessed: 9-22-13, LMM)
The paper is about the …. 'aha!' as one hoped.
Rationality is good and argumentation should start from empirical and political problem-solving-any alt fails and devolves into crippling relativism Rowland, Kansas communication professor, 1995 (Robert, “In Defense of Rational Argument: A Pragmatic Justification of Argumentation Theory and Response to the Postmodern Critique” Philosophy and Rhetoric, 28.4, ebsco, ldg)
The first step in …. a purely instrumental reason.
Simple rejection of law leads to the case; must present a pragmatic alternative Lewis et al., Newcastle social sciences professor, 2001 (Ruth, “LAW’S PROGRESSIVE POTENTIAL: THE VALUE OF ENGAGEMENT WITH THE LAW FOR DOMESTIC VIOLENCE”, Social Legal Studies, March, SAGE, ldg)
Sceptical reformers also make …. to domestic violence.
Reformism is empirically more successful than revolutionary withdrawal. Kazin, Georgetown history professor, 2011 (Michael, “Has the US Left Made a Difference”, Dissent, Spring, project muse, ldg)
But when political radicals ….. too much to escape.”
1/14/14
Pakistan AFF - 2AC - K - Psychoanalysis
Tournament: Westpoint | Round: 4 | Opponent: Rochester Lim-White | Judge: Goodrich No prior questions-we don’t have to prove the universality of the liberal subject Owen, Southampton political theory reader, 2002 (David, “Re-orienting International Relations: On Pragmatism, Pluralism and Practical Reasoning”, Millennium 31.3, SAGE, ldg)
Commenting on the ‘….potentially vicious circle arises.
Psychoanalysis is non-falsifiable hindsight thinking Samuels, Traning Analyst for the SCoeity of Analytical Psychology and Science Associate, 93 (Andrew, “The Mirror and Hammer: Depth Psychology and political transformation, Vol. 3D, Psychoanalytic Publishings, date accessed: 9-22-13, LMM)
The paper is about ….. 'aha!' as one hoped.
Rationality is good and argumentation should start from empirical and political problem-solving-any alt fails and devolves into crippling relativism Rowland, Kansas communication professor, 1995 (Robert, “In Defense of Rational Argument: A Pragmatic Justification of Argumentation Theory and Response to the Postmodern Critique” Philosophy and Rhetoric, 28.4, ebsco, ldg)
The first step in ….. purely instrumental reason.
2. we solve impact of the k - current enlightenment rationality is based on realist understandings on ir that require maximizing security and interventionism that is the political version of ego-centrism the aff rejects that version of ego-politics and IR
Simple rejection of law leads to the case; must present a pragmatic alternative Lewis et al., Newcastle social sciences professor, 2001 (Ruth, “LAW’S PROGRESSIVE POTENTIAL: THE VALUE OF ENGAGEMENT WITH THE LAW FOR DOMESTIC VIOLENCE”, Social Legal Studies, March, SAGE, ldg)
Sceptical reformers …. to domestic violence.
Reformism is empirically more successful than revolutionary withdrawal. Kazin, Georgetown history professor, 2011 (Michael, “Has the US Left Made a Difference”, Dissent, Spring, project muse, ldg)
But when political radicals …. much to escape.”
2/7/14
Pakistan AFF - 2AC - K - Security
Tournament: Gsu | Round: 4 | Opponent: Georgia Shanker-Caplan | Judge: Foley Always value some form of political action - alternative framings political action is always deemed insufficient, causing political vacuum and the rejection of smaller positive changes Sikknik, Minnesota political science professor, 2008 (Kathryn, “The Role of Consequences, Comparison, and Counterfactuals in Constructivist, Ethical Thought”, http://www.polisci.umn.edu/centers/theory/pdf/sikkink.pdf, ldg)
Ethical arguments of these …. it difficult to act.
Perm—do the plan and critically interrogate the rhetoric of security.
The perm allows an approach that analyzes security rhetoric from multiple identities—allows critical rejection of violent security practices while promoting pragmatic solvency through the aff’s positive, non-exclusionary security discourse. Charrett, International Catalan Institute for Peace, 9 (Catherine, “A Critical Application of Securitization Theory: Overcoming the Normative Dilemma of Writing Security” 2009. ACCESSED 8/13/13 http://www20.gencat.cat/docs/icip/Continguts/Publicacions/WorkingPapers/Arxius/WP7_ANG.pdf) RAM
The critical securitization ….. positive securitizing moves. Our language of security is morally right and ethically necessary—our aff meets three criteria that allow specific security rhetoric while avoiding the homogenization and categorization of the other—moral obligation to avoid existential risk Floyd, British Academy Postdoctoral Fellow, 2011 (Rita, Ph.D. Warwick University, "Can securitization theory be used in normative analysis? Towards a just securitization theory," Security Dialogue 42, pg. 428) cab
Postulating what we …. than is currently the case.
Representations don’t shape the world—material circumstances and systems of power shape discourse. Mearsheimer, Professor of political science at the University of Chicago, 1995 (John, The False Promise of International Institutions”; International Security; Vol. 19, No. 3;lexis, ldg)
Critical theory maintains …. theory they are challenging
Ethical decisions must be grounded in consequences Isaac, political science professor Indiana University, 2002 (Jeffrey, “Ends, Means, and Politics, Dissent Magazine, Spring 2002, ldg)
Power is not a dirty ….undermines political effectiveness.
Securitization is inevitable. Loader et al., All Souls College criminology professor, 2007 (Ian, Civilizing Security, pg 258-9, ldg)
The way ahead, … form or other.
1/14/14
Pakistan AFF - 2AC - K - Spanos
Tournament: Kentucky | Round: 5 | Opponent: Binghamton George-Friedman | Judge: Hingstman Specificity outweighs-generic critique doesn’t discount acquired knowledge. Kratochwil, European University Institute IR professor, 2009 (Friedrich, The Puzzle of Politics, pg 200-3, ldg)
In what follows, I claim that ….. versions of familiar products.
Role of the ballot’s to simulate enactment of the plan – key to decision making and fairness Hager, Bryn Mawr College political science professor, 1992 (Carol J., “Democratizing Technology: Citizen and State in West German Energy Politics, 1974-1990” Polity, 25.1, project muse, ldg)
During this phase, the ….modern technological society.61
No prior questions-we don’t have to prove the universality of the liberal subject Owen, Southampton political theory reader, 2002 (David, “Re-orienting International Relations: On Pragmatism, Pluralism and Practical Reasoning”, Millennium 31.3, SAGE, ldg)
Commenting on the ‘…. vicious circle arises.
Liberal democracy key to left-wing project, rights, radical principles- alternative leads to violence/disaster Mouffe, University of Westminster politics and IR professor, 92 (Chantal, “Democratic Politics Today,” in Dimensions of Radical Democracy: Pluralism, Citizenship, Community, ed. by Chantal Mouffe, 1992, 1-3, mss)
On the eve of the … identity as citizens?
Biopolitical power is inevitable, but modern democratic regimes limit coercive policies, increase liberalization, and provide space for personal autonomy and subjectivity. Claims of fascism are based on a essentialist understanding of government power. Dickinson, professor UC Davis, 2004 (Edward Ross, Biopolitics, Fascism, Democracy: Some Reflections on Our Discourse About “Modernity,” Central European History, vol. 37, no. 1, March, project muse, ldg)
In short, the continuities …. radically differing potentials.
Reformism is empirically more successful than revolutionary withdrawal. Kazin, Georgetown history professor, 2011 (Michael, “Has the US Left Made a Difference”, Dissent, Spring, project muse, ldg)
But when political radicals ….up to and too much to escape.”
Simple rejection of law leads to the case; must present a pragmatic alternative Lewis et al., Newcastle social sciences professor, 2001 (Ruth, “LAW’S PROGRESSIVE POTENTIAL: THE VALUE OF ENGAGEMENT WITH THE LAW FOR DOMESTIC VIOLENCE”, Social Legal Studies, March, SAGE, ldg)
Sceptical reformers also …. responses to domestic violence.
Method focus causes endless paradigm wars Wendt, Ohio State international security professor, 1998 (Alexander, “On Constitution and Causation in International Relations”, Review of International Studies, 24.5, ebsco, ldg)
As a community, we …. intolerant caricatures of science.
1/14/14
Pakistan AFF - 2AC - K - Tao
Tournament: Westpoint | Round: 2 | Opponent: New York Dellamore-DeJohn | Judge: Scher Perm—do both—the inclusion and embracing of the Daoist perspective is compatible with a renewed form of political engagement Gunaratne, Minnesota State University Moorhead Communications Professor, 2010 (Shelton, "De-Westernizing communication/social science research," Media Culture Society 32, pg. 474-475) cab
In as much as the axial ….and some on globalization.
Ethical policymaking must be grounded in consequences Jeffrey C. Isaac, Indiana University James H. Rudy Professor of Political Science and Center for the Study of Democracy and Public Life director, Spring 2002, “Ends, Means, and Politics,” Dissent Magazine
Power is not a …. undermines political effectiveness.
Even supporters of Daoism realize that Western attempts to embrace Daoism are utopian and lead to destruction of morality while instituting irrational politics that lead to fascism, oppression, and dehumanization. Dumain, Librarian/Archivist, CLR James Institute, n.d. (Ralph, “Taoism and the Tao of Bourgeois Philosophy,” http://www.autodidactproject.org/my/tao1.html)
Clarke takes a …. their Western re-embodiment. 197-198
B) If the alternative fails because of the plan linking, then the alternative is doomed to failure regardless because it won’t overcome institutional roadblocks in the status quo.
No alternative—Daoism will always be co-opted by the bourgeois society; its incoherency will never solve and it has empirically failed for decades. Dumain, Librarian/Archivist, CLR James Institute, n.d. (Ralph, “Taoism and the Tao of Bourgeois Philosophy,” http://www.autodidactproject.org/my/tao1.html)
By placing Daoism …. to a dead end.
Daoist rhetoric is based on Daoist philosophy; unless they embrace the philosophy, their K is meaningless and has absolutely no impact on this round. Combs, Associate Professor. Communication Studies Department. Loyola Marymount University, 2005 (Steven, C., The Dao of Rhetoric, State University of New York, p.75) mko
Based on Kennedy’s ….. Plato or Christianity.
1/14/14
Pakistan AFF - 2AC - T - Multiple Actors
Tournament: JMU | Round: 2 | Opponent: James Madison Bosley-Miller | Judge: Opperman Counter interp – statutory means congressional Statutory restrictions are limits on authority by congress Black’s Law Dictionary 13 (http://thelawdictionary.org/statutory-restriction/ 5-4-13 accessed: 9-18-13 mlb)
What is STATUTORY RESTRICTION? Limits or controls that have been place on activities by its ruling legislation.
1/19/14
Pakistan AFF - 2AC - T Authority
Tournament: Clarion | Round: 1 | Opponent: Wayne State Brundage-Schimmel | Judge: Pasquinelli Counter interp - War Powers Authority refers to powers explicitly granted by congress. The aff must restrict authority under the WPR, AUMF, or NDAA Gallagher ‘11 (Joseph V. served as an F/A-18C Pilot, Air Officer, and F/A-18C/D Flight Instructor in the US Marine Corps operating forces. He worked Security Assistance initiatives for the US European Command and most recently as a Joint Planner in the USEUCOM J3 and J5. Gallagher is currently assigned to the Joint Staff, PakistanAfghanistan Coordination Cell. “ Unconstitutional War: Strategic Risk in the Age of Congressional Abdication” http://strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pubs/parameters/Articles/2011summer/Gallagher.pdf accessed: 9-18-13 mlb)
First, consider …president’s foreign policy.9
1/14/14
Pakistan AFF - 2AC - T Substantial
Tournament: Gsu | Round: 8 | Opponent: Samford Kimball-Sessions | Judge: Lowry Counter interp - Substantial is exponential Masterson, University of Oklahoma College of Law, 9 (Crystal D., Third-year student, "Comment: Wind-Energy Ventures In Indian Country: Fashioning A Functional Paradigm," 34 American Indian Law Review 317, 2009/2010, lexis, accessed 8-4-12, mtf)
By its nature, wind … the original wind." n15
Substantial requires context Words and Phrases, Vol. 40A, 2002, p. 464.
Cal. 1956. "Substantial" is it relative term, its measure to be gauged by all the circumstances surrounding the matter in reference to which the expression has been used.-Atchison, 'I'. and S. F. IZy. Co. v. Kings County Water Dist., 3(12 P.2d 1, 41 Ca1.2J 140.
1/14/14
Pakistan AFF - 2AC - T Targeted Killing
Tournament: Kentucky | Round: 1 | Opponent: Georgia Caplan-Shanker | Judge: Brown Counter-interp- “targeted killings” means killing without judicial review- includes signature strikes Wallace, member of the Steering Committee of September Eleventh Families for Peaceful Tomorrows, 12 (Bruce, 9-30, “Obama’s Targeted Killing Strategy and Drone Strike Tactics,” date accessed: 9-21-13, http://121contact.typepad.com/my_weblog/2012/09/sept-30-2012-obamas-targeted-killing-strategy-and-drone-strike-tactics.html, LMM)
Targeted Killing, a simple ….the strikes engender.
Drones are a crucial …. targeted by signature strikes.
1/14/14
Security AFF - 1AC
Tournament: Usc | Round: 1 | Opponent: Mary Washington McElhinny-Pacheco | Judge: Feldman The current logic of security is based on a desire to control and manage that renders everything knowable and hence predictable. This static political epistemology results in a static ontology of the self and politics, destroying personal agency in decision-making, reifying structural antagonisms, and culminating in limitless war and otherization. The aff rejects the logic of politics-as-usual. Burke, New South Wales IR professor, 2007 (Anthony, “Ontologies of War: Violence, Existence and Reason”, Theory and Event, 10.2, project muse, ldg)
I see such … violence? Will our thought?
Disorder space and time – our illegibility ruptures the normal world Halberstam, USC American Studies, Ethnicity Studies, and Comparative Literature Professor, ‘11 (Judith, Phd University of Minnesota, “The Queer Art of Failure” 2011 ebook. Accessed 12-20-13 mlb)
A radical take on ….and fewer answers.
The invisible center of norms for which heteronormativity is able to take charge and cause the normalization of the queers. This allows for the continued domination, marginalization, and eradication of individuals not seen as fit to be within its framework. Yep, Professor of Communication Studies at San Francisco State University, 2004. (Gust A., Ph.D. in Communication., Queer Theory and Communication: From Disciplining Queers to Queering the Discipline(s), pg. 18). Jt
In this passage, Simmons …. class, gender, and sexuality.
The discourse of security and crisis is the foundational myth of the biopolitical empire. The perpetuation of this politics leads to a colonization of everyday life, implicating all levels of society in militarism, oppression, and systemic violence and producing a culture of terror that defines every aspect of existence and denies freedom. Dismantling the logic of security is the only way to solve. Calkivik, PhD, Philosophy, University of Minnesota, 10 (Emine Asli, “Dismantling Security,” October 2010, conservancy.umn.edu/bitstream/99479/1/Calkivik_umn_0130E_11576.pdf, accessed 5/15/13, kns)
In January 2006, flying … ethics, a new politics?
Insecurity is a psychological construct—Scenarios for conflict and apocalypse are fabrications of paranoia that construct enemies in advance and project our violent impulses onto the Other. Mack, PhD, Psychiatry, professor, Harvard, 1991 (John, “The Enemy System,” http://johnemackinstitute.org/1988/08/the-enemy-system-short-version/, accessed 5/15/13, kns)
The threat of nuclear …. powerfully to the process.
The state only has existence through performativity and repetition in discourse against gendered bodies by normalization and regulation —the disruption and rejection of discourses of security undercut the discursive foundations of the state and destroy its legitimacy. The aff solves the disciplinary power of the state and the violence of exclusion. Campbell, professor, international politics, University of Newcastle, 98 (David, Writing Security, pg. 4-6)
Identity is an …. attuned to the issues.
Current debate and academia polices difference as a way to securitize the debate space—the aff is a radical rejection of the logic of security. Dantley, Miami educational leadership professor, 2002 (Michael, “Uprooting And Replacing Positivism, The Melting Pot, Multiculturalism, And Other Impotent Notions In Educational Leadership Through An African American Perspective”, Education and Urban Society, 34.3, SAGE, ldg)
The cultural thought …. Le Corbusier or Meis. (p. 143)
Current debate practices are an example of a heteronormative policing of identities – this form of debate is an action of violence and exclusion against queer and securitized bodies Butler, professor in the Rhetoric and Comparative Literature departments at the University of California, Berkeley, 2k (Judith Butler, , and is also the Hannah Arendt Professor of Philosophy at the European Graduate School. Butler received her PhD in philosophy from Yale University, “Changing the Subject: Judith Butler's Politics of Radical Resignification.”, interview conducted by Olson, Gary A.; Worsham, Lynn, JAC: A Journal of Composition Theory, v20 n4 p727-65 Fall 2000, http://jaconlinejournal.com/archives/vol20.4/olson-changing.pdf, accessed 12/22/12, soap)
I'm always glad ….fundamentally capacious way.
Current policies perpetuate the rhetoric of crisis and security, and the linear scenario predictions of the security paradigm are flawed. This leads to bureaucratic compartmentalization and faulty policy-analysis. The impact is systematic otherization and militarized responses that culminate in war. Ahmed, Institute for Policy Research and Development director, 2012 (Nafeez, “The international relations of crisis and the crisis of international relations: from the securitisation of scarcity to the militarisation of society”, Global Change, Peace and Security, 23.3, SAGE, ldg)
The twenty-first century …. culminate in violent conflict.
Prefer rogue intellectualism – ‘rigorous’ studies reify dominant discourses Halberstam, USC American Studies, Ethnicity Studies, and Comparative Literature Professor, ‘11 (Judith, Phd University of Minnesota, “The Queer Art of Failure” 2011 ebook. Accessed 12-20-13 mlb)
Any book that begins ….. thought and politics.
Intellectual resistance is key to un-working the historical relationships of truth and power that ensure domination Deacon, Political Science Research for the University of Natal – Durban, 03 (Roger, Press. 2003, “Fabricating Foucault: Rationalizing the Management of Individuals”, date accessed: 10-13-13, pg. 272-275, LMM)
To problematize the …. individual human subjects.
Our aff is an instance of an ethic that embraces uncertainty in relation to debate and politics—this destroys the paradigm of inclusion and exclusion and is a way to break down current norms in the debate space. Shapiro, Professor of Political Science at the University of Hawaii, 97 (Michael J., “Violent Cartographies”, pg. 208-209, date accessed : 10-15-13, LMM)
More generally, shredding …. the already said.
Current debate practices focus on a narrow epistemology that excludes alternate perspectives and performances—this securitization of debate needs to be rejected. Little, Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Melbourne, 08 (Adrian, 2008, “Democratic Piety: Complexity, Conflict and Violence”, date accessed: 10-16-13, pg 100-101, LMM)
The pursuit of …. incisively apprehend and criticize it’ (Brown 2005: 79)
1/14/14
Security AFF - 1AC - Texas Round 2
Tournament: Texas | Round: 2 | Opponent: Texas Fitz-Makuch | Judge: Dunn The current logic of security is based on a desire to control and manage that renders everything knowable and hence predictable. This static political epistemology results in a static ontology of the self and politics, reifying structural antagonisms, and culminating in limitless war and otherization. The aff rejects the logic of politics-as-usual. . Burke, New South Wales IR professor, 2007 (Anthony, “Ontologies of War: Violence, Existence and Reason”, Theory and Event, 10.2, project muse, ldg)
I see such a drive …..? Will our thought?
The framework for this round should be rogue intellectualism – illegibility is a better starting point Halberstam, USC American Studies, Ethnicity Studies, and Comparative Literature Professor, ‘11 (Judith, Phd University of Minnesota, “The Queer Art of Failure” 2011 ebook. Accessed 12-20-13 mlb)
A radical take on …. and fewer answers.
The invisible center of norms for which heteronormativity is able to take charge and cause the normalization of the queers. This allows for the continued domination, marginalization, and eradication of individuals not seen as fit to be within its framework. Yep, Professor of Communication Studies at San Francisco State University, 2004. (Gust A., Ph.D. in Communication., Queer Theory and Communication: From Disciplining Queers to Queering the Discipline(s), pg. 18). Jt
In this passage, Simmons …., class, gender, and sexuality.
The discourse of security and crisis is the foundational myth of the biopolitical empire. The perpetuation of this politics leads to a colonization of everyday life, implicating all levels of society in militarism, oppression, and systemic violence and producing a culture of terror that defines every aspect of existence and denies freedom. Dismantling the logic of security is the only way to solve. Calkivik, PhD, Philosophy, University of Minnesota, 10 (Emine Asli, “Dismantling Security,” October 2010, conservancy.umn.edu/bitstream/99479/1/Calkivik_umn_0130E_11576.pdf, accessed 5/15/13, kns)
In January 2006, flying …..a new ethics, a new politics?
The state only has existence through performativity and repetition in discourse against gendered bodies by normalization and regulation —the disruption and rejection of discourses of security undercut the discursive foundations of the state and destroy its legitimacy. The aff solves the disciplinary power of the state and the violence of exclusion. Campbell, professor, international politics, University of Newcastle, 98 (David, Writing Security, pg. 4-6)
Identity is an …..attuned to the issues.
Integration of identity in spaces legitimizes the space’ ability to construct individual’s identities by creating an acceptable norm through institutions of power and denying individuals that refuse to engage with those institutions. Queers are continually erased unless they adopt a certain guise. Warner, 93 (Michael, Fear of a Queer Planet, Google Reader, pg 171-14, CW, accessed on 8/17/11)
The modern …..legitimation in modernity
Current debate practices are an example of a heteronormative policing of identities – this form of debate is an action of violence and exclusion against queers Butler, professor in the Rhetoric and Comparative Literature departments at the University of California, Berkeley, 2k (Judith Butler, , and is also the Hannah Arendt Professor of Philosophy at the European Graduate School. Butler received her PhD in philosophy from Yale University, “Changing the Subject: Judith Butler's Politics of Radical Resignification.”, interview conducted by Olson, Gary A.; Worsham, Lynn, JAC: A Journal of Composition Theory, v20 n4 p727-65 Fall 2000, http://jaconlinejournal.com/archives/vol20.4/olson-changing.pdf, accessed 12/22/12, soap)
I'm always glad ….fundamentally capacious way.
Current policies perpetuate the rhetoric of crisis and security, and the linear scenario predictions of the security paradigm are flawed. This leads to bureaucratic compartmentalization and faulty policy-analysis. The impact is systematic otherization and militarized responses that culminate in war. Ahmed, Institute for Policy Research and Development director, 2012 (Nafeez, “The international relations of crisis and the crisis of international relations: from the securitisation of scarcity to the militarisation of society”, Global Change, Peace and Security, 23.3, SAGE, ldg)
The twenty-first …. in violent conflict.
Prefer rogue intellectualism – ‘rigorous’ studies reify dominant discourses Halberstam, USC American Studies, Ethnicity Studies, and Comparative Literature Professor, ‘11 (Judith, Phd University of Minnesota, “The Queer Art of Failure” 2011 ebook. Accessed 12-20-13 mlb)
Any book that ….. in thought and politics.
Our aff is an instance of an ethic that embraces uncertainty in relation to debate and politics—this destroys the paradigm of inclusion and exclusion and is a way to break down current norms in the debate space. Shapiro, Professor of Political Science at the University of Hawaii, 97 (Michael J., “Violent Cartographies”, pg. 208-209, date accessed : 10-15-13, LMM)
More generally, shredding ….. the already said.
2/13/14
Security AFF - 1AC - West Point
Tournament: Westpoint | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Vermont Brough-Broughton | Judge: Cameron, Keenan, Revelins My partner and I affirm that the War Powers authority of the President of the United States should be eliminated.
The War Powers have created the legal framework for the state of exception, especially in the authority of the President to introduce armed forces into hostilities. The logic of security depoliticizes the people and manufactures consent for the state of exception. The speech act is the foundation of coercive power and spills over into violent exclusion—only institutional and rhetorical desecuritization can solve. Newell and Mitzen, Doctoral Student at Syracuse University and Ph.D. from University of Chicago, 2011 (Michael E. and Dr. Jennifer, T.A. at Syracuse and Associate Professor at Ohio State University, respectively, “Crisis Authority, the War on Terror and the Future of Constitutional Democracy,” JUROS, Online, Pages 65-67, Written in 2011, Accessed 08/01/2013, AJH)
The state of exception ….. about by desecuritization.
Targeted killing and drone use creates technological distancing and a securitized dichotomy between the Self and Other—this leads to violent dehumanization. Wall and Monahan, Assistant Professors at Eastern Kentucky University and Vanderbilt University, 2011 (Tyler and Torin, Ph.D. from ASU and Associate Editor of Surveillance and Society, “Surveillance and violence from afar: The politics of drones and liminal security-scapes,” SAGE, Online, pdf, Pages 239-240, Written in 2011, Accessed 08/08/2013, AJH)
The corporeal politics ….. taken to the extreme.
Current policies perpetuate the rhetoric of crisis and security, and the linear scenario predictions of the security paradigm are flawed. This leads to bureaucratic compartmentalization and faulty policy-analysis. The impact is systematic otherization and militarized responses that culminate in war. Ahmed, Institute for Policy Research and Development director, 2012 (Nafeez, “The international relations of crisis and the crisis of international relations: from the securitisation of scarcity to the militarisation of society”, Global Change, Peace and Security, 23.3, SAGE, ldg)
The twenty-first century ….. culminate in violent conflict.
The current logic of security is based on a desire to control and manage that renders everything knowable and hence predictable. This static political epistemology results in a static ontology of the self and politics, destroying personal agency in decision-making, reifying structural antagonisms, and culminating in limitless war and otherization. The aff rejects the logic of politics-as-usual. Only a radical negation can disrupt dominant epistemologies. Burke, New South Wales IR professor, 2007 (Anthony, “Ontologies of War: Violence, Existence and Reason”, Theory and Event, 10.2, project muse, ldg)
I see such a …Will our thought?
The discourse of security and crisis is the foundational myth of the biopolitical empire. The perpetuation of this politics leads to a colonization of everyday life, implicating all levels of society in militarism, oppression, and systemic violence and producing a culture of terror that defines every aspect of existence and denies freedom. Dismantling the logic of security is the only way to solve. Calkivik, PhD, Philosophy, University of Minnesota, 10 (Emine Asli, “Dismantling Security,” October 2010, conservancy.umn.edu/bitstream/99479/1/Calkivik_umn_0130E_11576.pdf, accessed 5/15/13, kns)
In January 2006, ….. ethics, a new politics?
Insecurity is a psychological construct—Scenarios for conflict and apocalypse are fabrications of paranoia that construct enemies in advance and project our violent impulses onto the Other. Mack, PhD, Psychiatry, professor, Harvard, 1991 (John, “The Enemy System,” http://johnemackinstitute.org/1988/08/the-enemy-system-short-version/, accessed 5/15/13, kns)
The threat of ….. powerfully to the process.
Politics and international relations are too complex for linear scenario predictions—expert analysis only contributes to serial policy failure. Taleb, NYU Risk Engineering professor, 2011 (Nassim Nicholas, “The Black Swan of Cairo: how suppressing volatility makes the world less predictable and more dangerous”, Foreign Affairs, 90.3, ebsco, ldg)
Why is surprise ….. actual, delayed cost.
The state only has existence through performativity and repetition in discourse against gendered bodies by normalization and regulation —the disruption and rejection of discourses of security undercut the discursive foundations of the state and destroy its legitimacy. The aff solves the disciplinary power of the state and the violence of exclusion. Campbell, professor, international politics, University of Newcastle, 98 (David, Writing Security, pg. 4-6)
Identity is an ….. attuned to the issues.
The alt desecuritizes the political action of the 1ac—We can implement policies without framing them in terms of security. Waever, Senior Researcher, Center for Political and Economic Studies, 1998 (Ole, “Securitization and Desecuritization” in On Security, 66)
Finally, the approach ….. the process as co-securitizer.
2/27/14
Security AFF - 1AR - Framework
Tournament: Navy | Round: 3 | Opponent: Wake Forest Manchester-Shaw | Judge: Taylor Nonrigourous knowledge first – learning comes independent of ‘teaching’ Halberstam, USC American Studies, Ethnicity Studies, and Comparative Literature Professor, ‘11 (Judith, Phd University of Minnesota, “The Queer Art of Failure” 2011 ebook. Accessed 12-20-13 mlb)
Second, Privilege the …. relation to the learner.
Framework reifies colonial relation – we don’t need to be ‘taught’ Halberstam, USC American Studies, Ethnicity Studies, and Comparative Literature Professor, ‘11 (Judith, Phd University of Minnesota, “The Queer Art of Failure” 2011 ebook. Accessed 12-20-13 mlb)
The Ignorant Schoolmaster …. a site of incarcerated knowledge.
1/18/14
Security AFF - 2AC - CP - Authority PIC
Tournament: Adanationals | Round: 3 | Opponent: Georgetown Erpenbach-Bauerschmidt Sweeney | Judge: Robisch Reliance on the legal regimes results in a securitized lawfare against oppressed bodies. Richter-Montpetit, York University Graduate Fellow, 2014 (Melanie, “Beyond the Erotics of Orientalism. Lawfare, torture and the racial-sexual grammars of legitimate suffering,” Security Dialogue 45:1, accessed 2/12/14 via SAGE Journals, pg. 47-49, CAB)
Juridical warfare or ….. being in custody with an uncontestable presumption of guilt’ (Hajjar, 2011a).
Any challenge to securitization and heteronormativity must come from outside the current technologies of sovereign power. Law is mobilized in the status quo as a tool of security and biopolitical management. Richter-Montpetit, York University Graduate Fellow, 2014 (Melanie, “Beyond the Erotics of Orientalism. Lawfare, torture and the racial-sexual grammars of legitimate suffering,” Security Dialogue 45:1, accessed 2/12/14 via SAGE Journals, pg. 58, CAB)
With a focus on the … life and death at the current juncture.
Their peacekeeping net benefit relies on flawed top-down models of development that results in structural violence Newman, Birmingham political science senior lecturer, 2011 (Edward, “A Human Security Peace-Building Agenda”, Third World Quarterly, 32.10, project muse, ldg)
However, the record of ……….. of international peace-building activities.
3/20/14
Security AFF - 2AC - Case - Warming Turn
Tournament: Texas | Round: 6 | Opponent: MSU BR | Judge: Oliver Brass The aff discourse of climate threat is a securitized view of the environment—it masks the complexity of environmental change and fuels neorealist policies. Ahmed, Institute for Policy Research and Development director, 2012 (Nafeez, “The international relations of crisis and the crisis of international relations: from the securitisation of scarcity to the militarisation of society”, Global Change, Peace and Security, SAGE, accessed 2/15/13, soap)
Unfortunately, orthodox IR …. their global systemic context.
Environmental apocalypticism causes eco-authoritarianism and mass violence against those deemed environmental threats---also causes political apathy which turns case Buell, Queens College English professor, 2003 (Frederick, From Apocalypse To Way of Life, pg 185-6, ldg)
Looked at critically,…. ties to clearly terminal “nature.”
In the literature on securitization …., thus leading to arms races.
2/13/14
Security AFF - 2AC - Case Turns
Tournament: Adanationals | Round: 3 | Opponent: Georgetown Erpenbach-Bauerschmidt Sweeney | Judge: Robisch Defense of hegemony causes paranoid imperial violence. There are no global threats and violence is only inevitable because US scenario planning is grounded in pursuing constructed threats – causes error replication that culminate in eternal warfare. Engelhardt, Nation Institute fellow, 2012 (Tom, “Overwrought empire: The discrediting of US military power”, 10-12, http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2012/10/20121010104331399712.html, DOA: 2-17-13, ldg)
And here's the odd thing: in a sense, … longer be altered. In other words, they can't help themselves
Terrorism studies rely on politically motivated expertism that justifies the security state—reject their knowledge claims and prefer the structural MPX of the K. Raphael, Kingston IR professor, 2009 (Sam, Critical terrorism studies, pg 50-1, ldg)
The close relationship between the …….research serves for the US state. Climate threats silence alternatives, props up the state and existing institutions, and force risk management which enforces biopolitics – their scholarship is informed by bias and lack of criticism Rothe, Helmut Schmidt University Research Fellow, ‘11 (Defl “Managing Climate Risks or Risking a Managerial Climate: State, Security, and Governance in the international climate regime” International Relations 25: 330 http://ire.sagepub.com/content/25/3/330 accessed: 12-28-12 mlb)
What other studies do not reflect, ……. climate change storyline.
3/20/14
Security AFF - 2AC - DA - Flex
Tournament: Texas | Round: 6 | Opponent: MSU BR | Judge: Oliver Brass Their studies refuse to consider the militants perspective, based on biased secondary information, and consider all civilians are terrorist supporters – all while pretending objectivity Shika, Social Anthropology Ass. Professor, ‘9 (Jeffrey A. PhD from UC Berkeley “The Contribution of Anthropology to critical terrorism studies” Chapter 8 of Critical Terrorism Stuides: Framing a New Research Agenda” accessed: 12-28-12 mlb)
I concluded my ....causes of anti-state violence.
Anti-proliferation discourse obscures Western violence and masks the dangers of nuclear possession Cohn et al., Consortium on Gender, Security, and Human Rights director, 2005 (Carol, “The Relevance of Gender for Eliminating Weapons of Mass Destruction”, http://www.un.org/disarmament/education/wmdcommission/files/No38.pdf, DOA: 12-19-12, ldg)
“Proliferation” is not …..on rational security grounds.
2/13/14
Security AFF - 2AC - Framework
Tournament: Usc | Round: 1 | Opponent: Mary Washington McElhinny-Pacheco | Judge: Feldman Beliefs about objectivity and predictability are used to co-opt activism, we must disbelieve in order to free ourselves Delgado 1992 (Richard, Law Professor at University of Colorado, “Shadowboxing: An Essay On Power”, In Cornell Law Review, May)
I began by observing ….the action is racist
3. Theoretical challenges maximize the pragmatic potential of politics—rejecting dominant discourse is key to open up alternate epistemologies and ignored questions—solves for serial policy failure. Reus-Smit, European University Institute IR professor, 2012 (Christian, “International Relations, Irrelevant? Don’t Blame Theory”, Millennium - Journal of International Studies, 40.3, SAGE, ldg)
However widespread it might be, …. despite its abstraction.
1/14/14
Security AFF - 2AC - Framework Critical
Tournament: Usc | Round: 6 | Opponent: Oklahoma Baker-Cherry | Judge: Mollison Queer methodologies can’t and shouldn’t be tied down to a static identity Winnubst 06 (Shannon philosophy PhD, Penn State UniversityShannon, Queering Freedom 2006. p 139 GoogleBooks, CW, accessed on 11/25/10)
If queer emerges ….. in late modernity.
Switch-side debate furthers the heteronormativity in the community Spanos 4 (William, in Joe Millers’ Book Cross-ex pg. 467, CW, accessed on 7/28/10)
Dear Joe Miller, …. policy makers is leading.
1/14/14
Security AFF - 2AC - K - Afro Pessimism
Tournament: Fullerton | Round: 1 | Opponent: Louisville Lattimore-Barnett | Judge: Shanahan The perm solves – mine and Mary’s existential conversion of white supremacy is key to breaking down white gaze and cultural hegemony Yancy, Professor of Philosophy at Duquesne University, 2008 (George, PhD Philosophy from Duquesne University, “Black Bodies, White Gazes: The Continuing Significance of Race”, Rowman and Littlefield Publishers Inc., accessed on 10/16/13, Ben)
On the other side …. are covered over.
Intellectual resistance is key to un-working the historical relationships of truth and power that ensure domination Deacon, Political Science Research for the University of Natal – Durban, 03 (Roger, Press. 2003, “Fabricating Foucault: Rationalizing the Management of Individuals”, date accessed: 10-13-13, pg. 272-275, LMM)
To problematize the …. to individual human subjects.
1/14/14
Security AFF - 2AC - K - Cap
Tournament: Texas | Round: 6 | Opponent: MSU BR | Judge: Oliver Brass Economic threat predictions are disguised security rhetoric—the drive for economic security undergirds and masks violent expansionism. Means the 1AC is key to solve the impact to the K Neocleous, Brunel government professor, 2008 (Mark, Critique of Security, pg 95-7, ldg)
In other words, the ….the security strategy proposed..
5. Queer theory operates as a platform which a coalition can be formed to breakdown capitalism Cover 2004 (“material/queer theory: performativity, subjectivity, and affinity –based struggles in the culture of late capitalism” rethinking Marxism” Ebsco Host, CW, accessed on 12/1/10)
By maintaining attention….oppositional anticapitalist stance.
8. Security framing is the basis for modern sovereignty and is the justifying logic of war, the prison system, dispossession of indigenous lands, capitalism, and the drive to objectify the Other. Burke, South Wales IR senior lecturer, 2007 (Anthony, Beyond Security, Ethics and Violence, pg 134-135, LMM)
I write here from a disciplinary s…. work against capital’s global sovereignty.
9. the 1AC must dominate and penetrate the status quo routines that uphold those dominant structures – the 1AC is a gateway to other alternatives Scrase et al., Imperial College London Environmental Planning and Policy PhD, 2010 (J. Ivan, “The role of discourse and linguistic framing effects in sustaining high carbon energy policy—An accessible introduction”, Energy Policy, 39.5, May, Science Direct, ldg)
This perspective begins ….of industrial emissions (Hajer, 1995, p. 268).
10. Depictions of catastrophe as a reason to change the status quo reinforce universal capitalism. Slavoj Zizek, senior researcher at the Institute of Sociology, University of Ljubljana, 1999 (On Belief, p. 31-32) RKB
The logic of …. the Old to survive.
2/13/14
Security AFF - 2AC - K - Capitalism
Tournament: Navy | Round: 2 | Opponent: Dartmouth College Kreus-Singh | Judge: Roberts Economic threat predictions are disguised security rhetoric—the drive for economic security undergirds and masks violent expansionism. Means the 1AC is key to solve the impact to the K Neocleous, Brunel government professor, 2008 (Mark, Critique of Security, pg 95-7, ldg)
In other words, …. security strategy proposed..
Queer theory operates as a platform which a to breakdown capitalism Cover 2004 (“material/queer theory: performativity, subjectivity, and affinity –based struggles in the culture of late capitalism” rethinking Marxism” Ebsco Host, CW, accessed on 12/1/10)
By maintaining attention ….oppositional anticapitalist stance.
Depictions of catastrophe as a reason to change the status quo reinforce universal capitalism. Slavoj Zizek, senior researcher at the Institute of Sociology, University of Ljubljana, 1999 (On Belief, p. 31-32) RKB
The logic of this …. the Old to survive.
Aff key to Marxist scholarship Halberstam, USC American Studies, Ethnicity Studies, and Comparative Literature Professor, ‘11 (Judith, Phd University of Minnesota, “The Queer Art of Failure” 2011 ebook. Accessed 12-20-13 mlb)
I want to offer …. surprise and shock.
Not mutually exclusive
Optismism becomes a redeployed commodity – the queer is loss and failure which must be embraced Halberstam, USC American Studies, Ethnicity Studies, and Comparative Literature Professor, ‘11 (Judith, Phd University of Minnesota, “The Queer Art of Failure” 2011 ebook. Accessed 12-20-13 mlb)
Following Brooks’s aesthetics …. to redeem them.
Historical materialism views the queer as disorder - aff is a prereq Halberstam, USC American Studies, Ethnicity Studies, and Comparative Literature Professor, ‘11 (Judith, Phd University of Minnesota, “The Queer Art of Failure” 2011 ebook. Accessed 12-20-13 mlb)
The stability of ….memory and forgetting.
1/18/14
Security AFF - 2AC - K - Derrida
Tournament: Fullerton | Round: 5 | Opponent: NYU Zhan-DeJohn | Judge: Zagorin Intellectual resistance is key to un-working the historical relationships of truth and power that ensure domination Deacon, Political Science Research for the University of Natal – Durban, 03 (Roger, Press. 2003, “Fabricating Foucault: Rationalizing the Management of Individuals”, date accessed: 10-13-13, pg. 272-275, LMM)
To problematize the …. to individual human subjects.
1/14/14
Security AFF - 2AC - K - Disposability
Tournament: Usc | Round: 3 | Opponent: Fresno State Tate-Holley | Judge: Leeson-Schatz The university space is a point of intersection of power-effects - Academics shape regimes of truth and intermediate strategies of racism, sexism and capitalism - problematization of modes of knowledge formation instead of prophesying action within the realm of mundane politics is the best role for intellectuals. Only by this politicization of our critical interrogation can we create intermediate strategies within this discursive space capable of challenging multiple interlocking networks of political oppression. Deacon, Political Science Research for the University of Natal – Durban, 03 (Roger, Press. 2003, “Fabricating Foucault: Rationalizing the Management of Individuals”, date accessed: 10-13-13, pg. 272-275, LMM)
And in The Order ….r might possibly be” (Burchell 1993: 277).
Permutation do both – there’s no mutual exclusivity between the goals of the affirmative and the negative
The perm solves – mine and Mary’s existential conversion of white supremacy is key to breaking down white gaze and cultural hegemony Yancy, Professor of Philosophy at Duquesne University, 2008 (George, PhD Philosophy from Duquesne University, “Black Bodies, White Gazes: The Continuing Significance of Race”, Rowman and Littlefield Publishers Inc., accessed on 10/16/13, Ben)
On the other side of …of ambush are covered over.
The aff picks a social starting point- their ignorance that identity categories drive normative development ensures cooption and necessitates an inappropriate "other" Dean 03 (Tim, Professor of English at University of Buffalo, Cambridge Companion to Lacan, “Lacan and Queer Theory,” p. 238-41, CW, accessed on 2/27/11)
The term “heteronormativity” designates all those ways in which the world makes sense from a heterosexual point of view. It assumes that a complementary relation between the sexes is both a natural ….
1/14/14
Security AFF - 2AC - K - Mann
Tournament: Fullerton | Round: 5 | Opponent: NYU Zhan-DeJohn | Judge: Zagorin Intellectual resistance is key to un-working the historical relationships of truth and power that ensure domination Deacon, Political Science Research for the University of Natal – Durban, 03 (Roger, Press. 2003, “Fabricating Foucault: Rationalizing the Management of Individuals”, date accessed: 10-13-13, pg. 272-275, LMM)
To problematize the …. to individual human subjects.
1/14/14
Security AFF - 2AC - K - Ruins
Tournament: Texas | Round: 2 | Opponent: Texas Fitz-Makuch | Judge: Dunn We are a prerequisite - Nonsensible knowledge must be first Halberstam, USC American Studies, Ethnicity Studies, and Comparative Literature Professor, ‘11 (Judith, Phd University of Minnesota, “The Queer Art of Failure” 2011 ebook. Accessed 12-20-13 mlb)
Second, Privilege the …. to the learner.
The aff is key - the only possible relationship to have in this space is to steal away Harney and Moten, professor of Strategic Management Education and, professor of Modern Poetry, 13 (Stefano, co-founder of the School for Study and Fred, PhD, University of Berkeley, "The Undercommons: Fugitive Planning and Black Study", accessed 01/15/14, BEN)
“To the university ….. only possible act.
2/13/14
Security AFF - 2AC - K - Speciesism
Tournament: Texas | Round: 2 | Opponent: Texas Fitz-Makuch | Judge: Dunn We are a prerequisite - Nonsensible knowledge must be first Halberstam, USC American Studies, Ethnicity Studies, and Comparative Literature Professor, ‘11 (Judith, Phd University of Minnesota, “The Queer Art of Failure” 2011 ebook. Accessed 12-20-13 mlb)
Second, Privilege the …. to the learner.
The aff is key - the only possible relationship to have in this space is to steal away Harney and Moten, professor of Strategic Management Education and, professor of Modern Poetry, 13 (Stefano, co-founder of the School for Study and Fred, PhD, University of Berkeley, "The Undercommons: Fugitive Planning and Black Study", accessed 01/15/14, BEN)
“To the university ….. only possible act.
2/13/14
Security AFF -- 2AC - K - First PriorityGive Back the Land
Tournament: Navy | Round: 8 | Opponent: James Madison Bosley-Miller | Judge: Johnson Indigenous people ineffective without a focus on queer – boxed in by ethnographically preventing the acceptance of other forms of difference - their Churchill ev is indicative of this – attempting to give movemnets that will never be seccusful Smith, 10 (Andrea, “Queer Theory and Native Studies: The Heteronormativity of Settler Colonialism,” GLQ: A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies, Volume 16, Number 1-2, pg 42-43, CW, accessed on 3/4/11)
Queer theory and …. who are indigenous
*edited for language
Indigenous people studies focus on the past is the basis which futurism is made legitimate Smith, 10 (Andrea, “Queer Theory and Native Studies: The Heteronormativity of Settler Colonialism,” GLQ: A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies, Volume 16, Number 1-2, pg 47, CW, accessed on 3/4/11)
Thus normative futurity …. injustice in the present.27
*edited for language
A queer starting point is best for native studies – the only way to escape ethnographicism Smith, 10 (Andrea, “Queer Theory and Native Studies: The Heteronormativity of Settler Colonialism,” GLQ: A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies, Volume 16, Number 1-2, pg 44, CW, accessed on 3/4/11)
Queer theory provides a ….. within the colonial academy.
*edited for language
Security caused Settler colonialism Byrd, assistant professor of American Indian studies and English at the University of Illinois, 11 (Jodi, “Transit of Empire”, Pg(s) XVIII – XX, accessed 2/21/13, soap)
The stakes could ….. and/or imperial ear."7
Discourses of security are deployed against the threat from indigenous peoples – which is a reason we should undercut security b/c even if undercut settelrcolianilsm that doesn’t stop xenophobia and violence
Deleuze and Guattari, philosopher and psychoanalyst, 1987 (Gilles and Felix, a thousand plateaus capitalism and schizophrenia, University of Minnesota Press, translated by Brian Massumi, professor of philosophy at the European Graduate School, originally published in 1980, 13-14) RKB
Have we not, however, …… external, productive outgrowths.
1/19/14
Security Aff - 2AC - DA - Iran Sanctions
Tournament: Adanationals | Round: 1 | Opponent: Samford Carley-Higgins | Judge: Harper Obama has already renewed sanctions for the next year and it didn’t derail negotiations Press TV, 3-13 (“Obama renews ‘National Emergency Act’ against Iran,” accessed 3-14-14, http://www.presstv.ir/detail/2014/03/13/354504/us-extends-sanctions-against-iran/, hec)
US President Barack Obama …… Iranian nation and its national interests.
3/20/14
Zones of Hostilities - 1AC - Allies Advantage
Tournament: Bulldogdebates | Round: 1 | Opponent: James Madison Miller-Lepp | Judge: Steiner The plan is key to prevent an escalating public backlash against future drone use Zenko, Douglas Dillon Fellow in the Center for Preventive Action at the Council on Foreign Relations, 13 (Micah, previously, he worked for five years at the Harvard Kennedy School and in Washington, DC, at the Brookings Institution, Congressional Research Service, and State Department's Office of Policy Planning, Council Special Report No. 65, 01/13, “U.S. Drone Strike Policies”, i.cfr.org/content/publications/attachments/Drones_CSR65.pdf?, date accessed: 12/15/13, LMM)
In his Nobel Peace ….. the ways suggested below.
Public backlash culminates in a legal crackdown that hemorrhages the targeted killing program Goldsmith, Harvard Law School Professor with a Focus on National Security Law, 12 (Jack, Former Assistant Attorney General, Office of Legal Counsel, and Special Counsel to the Department of Defense, Hoover Institution Task Force on National Security and Law, 03/12, “Power and Constraint”, P. 199-201, date accessed: 12/16/13, LMM)
For the GTMO …..f U.S. national security. . Allied cooperation’s key to effective drone use Zenko, Douglas Dillon Fellow with the Center for Preventive at the Council on Foreign Relations, 13 (Micah, 01/30, "Zenko: Why we can't just drone Algeria", http://www.newsday.com/opinion/oped/zenko-why-we-can-t-just-drone-algeria-1.4536641, date accessed: 1/2/14, LMM)
CNN should …. National Liberation Front.
Stakeholders care about the aff’s standard—key to effective coop Kris, Assistant Attorney General for National Security at the US Department of Justice, 11 (David, 06/01, “Law Enforcement as a Counterterrorism Tool”, http://jnslp.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/01_David-Kris.pdf, date accessed: 1/2/14, LMM)
On the other …. in the United States.84
Drone use prevents planning and executing terrorist attacks Johnston, Associate Political Scientist at the RAND Corporation, 12 (Patrick B., 8/22, “Drone Strikes Keep Pressure on al-Qaida", www.rand.org/blog/2012/08/drone-strikes-keep-pressure-on-al-qaida.html, date accessed, 1/2/14, LMM)
Should the U.S. …. his ouster from Sudan.
Nuclear terrorism causes extinction Hellman, Emeritus Professor of Engineering at Stanford University, 08 (Martin E. Hellman, Spring, “Risk Analysis of Nuclear Deterrence” http://www.nuclearrisk.org/paper.pdf, date accessed: 1/2/14, LMM)
The threat of …. necessity—not an option.
Nuclear terrorist attacks cause US-Russia miscalc – extinction Barrett et al., PhD in Engineering and Public Policy from Carnegie Mellon University, 13 (Anthony, Seth Baum, PhD in Geography from Pennsylvania State University, Research Scientist at the Blue Marble Space Institute of Science, and Executive Director of Global Catastrophic Risk Institute—AND Kelly Hostetler, BS in Political Science from Columbia and Research Assistant at Global Catastrophic Risk Institute, 07/24, “Analyzing and Reducing the Risks of Inadvertent Nuclear War Between the United States and Russia,” Science and Global Security: The Technical Basis for Arms Control, Disarmament, and Nonproliferation Initiatives, Volume 21, Issue 2, Taylor and Francis, date accessed: 1/2/14, LMM)
War involving significant ….events as attacks. 16
Most qualified evidence says an attack’s feasible US Russia Joint Threat Assessment, 2011 (May, ABOUT THE U.S.-RUSSIA JOINT THREAT ASSESSMENT ON NUCLEAR TERRORISM The U.S.-Russia Joint Threat Assessment on Nuclear Terrorism is a collaborative project of Harvard University’s Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs and the U.S.A. and Canada Studies Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences led by Rolf Mowatt-Larssen and Pavel Zolotarev. Authors: • Matthew Bunn. Associate Professor of Public Policy at Harvard Kennedy School and Co-Principal Investigator of Project on Managing the Atom at Harvard University’s Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. • Colonel Yuri Morozov (retired Russian Armed Forces). Professor of the Russian Academy of Military Sciences and senior fellow at the U.S.A and Canada Studies Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, chief of department at the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces, 1995–2000. • Rolf Mowatt-Larssen. Senior fellow at Harvard University’s Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, director of Intelligence and Counterintelligence at the U.S. Department of Energy, 2005–2008. • Simon Saradzhyan. Fellow at Harvard University’s Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Moscow-based defense and security expert and writer, 1993–2008. • William Tobey. Senior fellow at Harvard University’s Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs and director of the U.S.-Russia Initiative to Prevent Nuclear Terrorism, deputy administrator for Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation at the U.S. National Nuclear Security Administration, 2006–2009. • Colonel General Viktor I. Yesin (retired Russian Armed Forces). Senior fellow at the U.S.A and Canada Studies Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences and advisor to commander of the Strategic Missile Forces of Russia, chief of staff of the Strategic Missile Forces, 1994–1996. • Major General Pavel S. Zolotarev (retired Russian Armed Forces). Deputy director of the U.S.A and Canada Studies Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences and head of the Information and Analysis Center of the Russian Ministry of Defense, 1993–1997, deputy chief of staff of the Defense Council of Russia, 1997–1998. Contributor: • Vladimir Lukov, director general of autonomous non-profit organization “Counter-Terrorism Center.” http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/files/Joint-Threat-Assessment20ENG202720May202011.pdf, date accessed: 1/2/14, LMM)
The expert community …. nuclear terrorism occurs.
2/1/14
Zones of Hostilities - 1AC - New Plan Text
Tournament: Bulldogdebates | Round: 1 | Opponent: James Madison Miller-Lepp | Judge: Steiner The United States Federal Government should restrict the President’s war powres authority for targeted killing outside zones of active hostilities.
2/1/14
Zones of Hostilities AFF - 1AC - Heg Advantage
Tournament: Navy | Round: 6 | Opponent: United States Military Barlow-Saker | Judge: Donlan 1AC – Hegemony
Unrestrained drone use collapses global stability – harms US legitimacy Kennedy, Professor of Strategic and Foreign Policy at the Defense Studies Department in London, 13 (Greg, Winter-Spring, “Drones: Legitimacy and Anti-Americanism”, Defence Academy of the United Kingdom, in Shrivenham, Parameters 42(4)/43(1), date accessed: 1/2/14, LMM)
Leadership prevents great power war Zhang and Shi, Researcher for the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 11 (Yuhan and Lin Shi, is from Columbia University. She also serves as an independent consultant for the Eurasia Group and a consultant for the World Bank in Washington, D.C., 1/22, “America’s decline: A harbinger of conflict and rivalry”, http://www.eastasiaforum.org/2011/01/22/americas-decline-a-harbinger-of-conflict-and-rivalry/, date accessed: 1/2/14, LMM)
This does not …. of unrivalled US primacy.
1/19/14
Zones of Hostilities AFF - 1AC - Prolif Advantage
Tournament: Navy | Round: 6 | Opponent: United States Military Barlow-Saker | Judge: Donlan 1AC – Prolif
Unfettered drone prolif causes deterrence crises that lead to nuclear conflict and Indo-Pak war Boyle, Assistant Professor of Political Science at LaSalle University, 13 (Michael, 1/29, “The costs and consequences of drone warfare”, International Affairs 89: 1 (2013) 1–29, date accessed: 1/2/14, LMM)
The emergence of this …. consequences of their use.
Escalation uniquely likely now – no impact defense Overdorf, Expert on Indian Policies for the Global Post, 13 (Jason, He worked as an editor with Dow Jones Newswires in New York, Singapore and Hong Kong before moving to New Delhi and becoming a freelance writer in 2002. He was a frequent contributor to the Far Eastern Economic Review until 2004, covering Indian politics, society and business. Since 2004, he has been a special correspondent at Newsweek International, where he writes on a wide range of topics. He has covered Sonia Gandhi's surprising electoral victory, the ongoing problem of Hindu fundamentalism, the simmering conflict with Maoist rebels, and societal changes resulting from India's meteoric economic growth. He's written for the Atlantic Monthly and the Asian Wall Street Journal. His travel articles, personal essays and political commentary have appeared in Smithsonian Magazine, Departures, Travelers' Tales and other publications. He has degrees in English literature and creative writing from Columbia University, Washington University and Boston University. 8/25, “Analysis: Are India and Pakistan headed for war? Under heavy shelling, Kashmir is again set to stymie the Indo-Pak peace process. And the risks are mounting” Citing Experts at the Woodrow Wilson Center, http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/war/conflict-zones/130814/analysis-are-india-and-pakistan-headed-war, date accessed: 1/2/14, LMM)
“This is a sad reality …. that's a scary thought.”
Establishing a precedent of transparency and accountability spills over globally– a non-executive framework is key Brooks, Professor of Law at Georgetown University Law Center, 13 (Rosa, 4/23, “The Constitutional and Counterterrorism Implications of Targeted Killing,” Testimony Before the Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on the Constitution, Civil Rights, and Human Rights, http://www.judiciary.senate.gov/pdf/04-23-13BrooksTestimony.pdf, date accessed: 1/2/14, LMM)
5. Setting Troubling International ….rivals, or unwanted minorities?
Legal constraints key -~-- institutionalizing clarity key to influence norms HRI, 11 Human Rights Institute, 04/25, “Targeting Operations with Drone Technology: Humanitarian Law Implications Background Note for the American Society of International Law Annual Meeting Human Rights Institute”, Columbia Law School accessed l/n, date accessed: 1/2/14, LMM)
While they disagree ….commitment to the rule of law.
Credible external oversight leads to international modeling and allows the US to influence international drone policy Bashir, PhD Candidate in the Department of Politics at Princeton University, 12 (Omar, 09/24, “Who Watches the Drones?" Foreign Affairs,www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/138141/omar-s-bashir/who-watches-the-drones, date accessed: 1/2/14, LMM)
Further, the U.S. ….for humanitarian concerns.
Now is key to shape norms and only the US can lead-~--lack of rules undermines all other checks on violence Whibley, M.A. in International Relations from Victoria University of Wellington, 13 (James, 02/06, “The Proliferation of Drone Warfare: The Weakening of Norms and International Precedent," Georgetown Journal of International Affairs,journal.georgetown.edu/2013/02/06/the-proliferation-of-drone-warfare-the-weakening-of-norms-and-international-precedent-by-james-whibley/, date accessed: 1/2/14, LMM)
While drone advocates …. would be terrifying.
Turkey models the accountability mechanism – averts PKK strike Stein, PhD Candidate at King’s College in London, 13 (Aaron, Ph.D candidate at King’s College, London and the Nonproliferation Program Director at the Center for Economics and Foreign Policy Studies an independent think tank in Istanbul, 02/26,“Turkey’s Negotiations with the Kurdistan Workers’ Party and Armed Drones” February 26, 2013, Turkey Wonk Blog, date accessed: 1/2/14, LMM)
Prime Minister Recep …. them grow their voter base.
Key to Turkish model -~-- solves Middle East instability Kiri?ci, Senior Fellow and Director of the Center on the US and Europe’s Turkey Project, 13 (Kemal Kiri?ci, 8/15, “ The Rise and Fall of Turkey as a Model for the Arab World “Brookings Institution, date accessed: 1/15/14, LMM)
As the Arab Spring spread …. building and tolerance.
And, Turkish intervention goes nuclear Snyder, US Attorney, 11 (Michael T. Snyder, 6/28, “Could We Actually See A War Between Syria And Turkey?” endoftheamericandream.com/archives/could-we-actually-see-a-war-between-syria-and-turkey, date accessed: 1/14/14, LMM)
In recent days, there …. not erupt as a result.
1/19/14
Zones of Hostilities AFF - 1AC - Solvency
Tournament: Navy | Round: 6 | Opponent: United States Military Barlow-Saker | Judge: Donlan This is current administration policy, it just needs to be formalized Daskal, Fellow and Adjunct Professor at Georgetown Center on National Security and Law, 13 (Jennifer, “The Geography of the Battlefield: A Framework For Detention and Targeting Outside the ‘Hot’ Conflict Zone”, 161 U. PA. L. Rev. 1165, accessed: 12/13/13, LMM)
What Should Congress …..hostilities and armed conflict.
Only action on zones of hostilities signals that we abide by laws of armed conflict Anderson, Professor of Law at Washington College of Law, 09 (Kenneth, The Hoover Institution, Stanford University and Member of its Task Force on National Security and the Law, 3/18/10, “Rise of the Drones: Unmanned Systems and the Future of War”, digitalcommons.wcl.american.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1002andcontext=pub_disc_cong, date accessed: 12/13/13, LMM)
• First, the United States ….. their limits in law.
1/19/14
Zones of Hostilities AFF - 1AC - The Plan Text
Tournament: Navy | Round: 6 | Opponent: United States Military Barlow-Saker | Judge: Donlan The United States Federal Government should restrict the President’s authority for UAV targeted killing as a first resort outside zones of active hostilities.
1/19/14
Zones of Hostilities AFF - 2AC - CP - Codification
Tournament: Bulldogdebates | Round: 6 | Opponent: Wake Forest Stirrat-Sullivan | Judge: Hester CP is the squo – can’t solve precedent the aff sets AND CP kills relations Deeks, Columbia Law Academic Fellow, 12 (Ashley, ““Unwilling or Unable”: Toward a Normative Framework for Extraterritorial Self-Defense,” accessed 1-16-14, pdf, hec)
Congressional limits of self-defense authority within armed conflict is necessary to resolve legal ambiguity Maxwell, Judge Advocate with the US Army, 12 (Mark, Joint Force Quarterly, winter 2012, “Targeted Killing, The Law, and Terrorists” http://www.ndu.edu/press/targeted-killing.html, accessed: 12/13/13, LMM)
In the wake of the ….from domestic law.
Establishing a “clear and convincing” threshold resolves the legal controversy Corn, Associate Professor of Law at South Texas College of Law, 12 (Geoffrey, Previous Lieutenant Colonel, U.S. Army and Special Assistant to the U.S. Army Judge Advocate General for Law of War Matters, “Targeting, Command Judgment, and a Proposed Quantum of Information Component”, date accessed: 12/13/13, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1762894, LMM)
Many legal experts …. of compelling intelligence.
That resolves TK legitimacy and geographic drone norms Corn, Professor of Law and Presidential Research at the South Texas College of Law, 13 (Geoffrey, “Geography of Armed Conflict: Why it is a Mistake to Fish for the Red Herring”, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2179720, date accessed: 12/13/13, LMM)
This does not ….. continue to be explored. *note: TAC = transnational armed conflict
That clarity over legal authority is necessary to solve Blank, Director International Humanitarian Law Clinic at Emory Law School, 12 (Laurie, “Targeted Strikes: The Consequences of Blurring the Armed Conflict and Self-Defense Justifications”, William Mitchell Law Review, 38: 5, accessed: 12/13/13, http://www.wmitchell.edu/lawreview/Volume38/documents/11.BlankFINAL.pdf
As noted in the …..delineations for other purposes.
2/7/14
Zones of Hostilities AFF - 2AC - CP - Geography
Tournament: Shirley | Round: 5 | Opponent: Emory Dean-Klarman | Judge: Kallmyer CP locks in squo McNeal 13, Associate Professor of Law, Pepperdine University, 13 (Gregory, 3/5/13, “Targeted Killing and Accountability,” http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1819583, date accessed: 1/20/2014, LMM)
The transparency related ….is in domestic politics.529 Codifying TK transparency is infeasible and links to their NB Jenson, Professor at BYU Law School, 13 (Eric, formerly Chief of the Army's International Law Branch and Legal Advisor to US military forces in Iraq and Bosnia, 10/23/2013, "Guest Post: The Report of the UN Special Rapporteur for Extrajudicial Executions: Law or Advocacy?", justsecurity.org/2013/10/23/guest-jensen-un-report/, date accessed: 1/30/2014, LMM)
The Report goes …. it is often called
Geography’s key to norm-setting Brooks, Associate Professor of Law at the University of Virginia, 04 (Rosa, 12/04, “Article: War Everywhere: Rights, National Security Law, And The Law Of Armed Conflict In The Age Of Terror”, 153 U. Pa. L. Rev. 67, date accessed: 1/20/2014, LMM)
Here again, I …. sought to avoid. n169 Lack of geographical limits means the CP does nothing Brooks, Associate Professor of Law at the University of Virginia, 04 (Rosa, 12/04, “Article: War Everywhere: Rights, National Security Law, And The Law Of Armed Conflict In The Age Of Terror”, 153 U. Pa. L. Rev. 67, date accessed: 1/20/2014, LMM)
If the war knows …..prohibitions on torture.
Corn goes aff Corn, South Texas College of Law Prof, 12 (Geoffrey, 11-22-12, “Geography of Armed Conflict: Why it is a Mistake to Fish for the Red Herring,” accessed 12-19-13, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2179720, hec)
This does not mean …. single armed conflict operation.
The plan is key to resolve ally counterterrorism law disputes—impact is NATO Parker, Former Policy Director for Terrorism, 12 (Tom, 9/17, “U.S. Tactics Threaten NATO”, nationalinterest.org/commentary/us-tactics-threaten-nato-7461, date accessed: 12/13/13, LMM)
A growing chasm ….cooperation in the future.
Nuclear war Brzezinski, Former US National Security Advisor, 09 (Zbigniew, Sept/Oct 2009, “An Agenda for NATO,” Foreign Affairs, 88.5, Ebsco, date accessed: 1/2/14, LMM)
NATO's potential is …. West more generally.
Extinction Ostrosky, Strategic Planner in Vincenza, Italy, 12 (Blanche, US Army War College, 01/07, "NATO’s Future and Relevance", NATO Official Report, date accessed: 1/2/14, LMM)
Conclusion NATO’s basic ….. an unpredictable world.
2/7/14
Zones of Hostilities AFF - 2AC - DA - Iran Sanctions
Tournament: Shirley | Round: 5 | Opponent: Emory Dean-Klarman | Judge: Kallmyer Congress wants sanctions Buonomo, U.S. Army former intelligence officer, 1/30 (Thomas J., 2014, “Americans Must Exercise Their Power to Check Congress on Iran Sanctions,” accessed: 1/31/2014, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/thomas-j-buonomo/americans-must-exercise-t_b_4699196.html, ADC)
In spite of the United States' …. of their government.
Obama exerting capital on Iran ensures the sanction bill passes Clawson, Washington Institute for Near East Policy director of research, 14 (Patrick, 1/17, “Why are congressional Democrats considering new Iran sanctions?” accessed: 1/31/2014, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-25749219, ADC)
This week President ….. killing the bill.
Negotiations cause Israel strikes – sanctions are key to signal our support of Israel and prevent attack Carafano, Vice President, Foreign and Defense Policy Studies, Heritage, 13 (James Jay, adjunct professor at Georgetown University and the Institute of World Politics and has served as a visiting professor at National Defense University. He previously served as an assistant professor at the U.S. Military Academy, Director of the Kathryn and Shelby Cullom Davis Institute for International Studies, master's degree and a doctorate from Georgetown University as well as a master's degree in strategy from the U.S. Army War College, “Negotiations with Iran could start a war,” 10-17-13, http://www.heritage.org/research/commentary/2013/10/negotiations-with-iran-could-start-a-war, DOA: 11-15-13, ara)
Tournament: Shirley | Round: 5 | Opponent: Emory Dean-Klarman | Judge: Kallmyer Doesn’t kill LOAC – the aff ensures compliance Daskal, Fellow and Adjunct Professor at Georgetown Center on National Security and Law, 13 (Jennifer, “The Geography of the Battlefield: A Framework For Detention and Targeting Outside the ‘Hot’ Conflict Zone”, 161 U. PA. L. Rev. 1165, accessed: 12/13/13, LMM)
Linking the zone …..zone of active hostilities.
Plan solves unconstrained geographic war that destroys LOAC Radin, Visiting Research Scholar at the Naval War College, 13 (Sasha, “Global Armed Conflict? The Threshold of Extraterritorial Non-International Armed Conflicts,” accessed 12-19-13, www.usnwc.edu/getattachment/311c6f17-ee69-4870-a00d-b7d845e4387c/Global-Armed-Conflict--The-Threshold-of-Extraterri.aspx, hec)
State sovereignty was ….. solution to these issues.
Finally, the administration ….rather than a military one.
2/7/14
Zones of Hostilities AFF - 2AC - Solvency - Circumvention
Tournament: Shirley | Round: 5 | Opponent: Emory Dean-Klarman | Judge: Kallmyer Formalization prevents circumvention Daskal, Fellow and Adjunct Professor at Georgetown Center on National Security and Law, 13 (Jennifer, “The Geography of the Battlefield: A Framework For Detention and Targeting Outside the ‘Hot’ Conflict Zone”, 161 U. PA. L. Rev. 1165, accessed: 12/13/13, LMM)
President believes he is constrained by statute Prakash et al, University of Virginia David Lurton Massee, Jr. Professor of Law and Sullivan, 12 (Saikrishna B., Michael D. Ramsey, University of Virginia School of Law Professor, “The Goldilocks Executive,” accessed: 10/3/2013, http://www.law.virginia.edu/pdf/faculty/hein/prakash/90texlrev973.pdf, ADC)
Tournament: Shirley | Round: 5 | Opponent: Emory Dean-Klarman | Judge: Kallmyer . Counter interp - Restriction means a limit and includes conditions on action CAA, 08 (Court Of Appeals Of Arizona, Division One, Department A, State Of Arizona, Appellee, v. JEREMY RAY WAGNER, Appellant., 2008 Ariz. App. Unpub. LEXIS 613 P10 The term "restriction" is not defined by the Legislature for the purposes of the DUI statutes. See generally A.R.S. § 28-1301 (2004) (providing the "definitions" section of the DUI statutes). In the absence of a statutory definition of a term, we look to ordinary dictionary definitions and do not construe the word as being a term of art. Lee v. State, 215 Ariz. 540, 544, ¶ 15, 161 P.3d 583, 587, date accessed: 9-18-13, LMM)
P10 The term "restriction" …. ignition interlock device limitation.
“Restrictions” are on time, place, and manner – this includes geography Lobel, professor of law at the University of Pittsburgh, 2008 (Jules, “Conflicts Between the Commander in Chief and Congress: Concurrent Power over the Conduct of War,” Ohio State Law Journal, http://moritzlaw.osu.edu/students/groups/oslj/files/2012/04/69.3.lobel_.pdf, LMM)
Throughout American history, …. conduct of warfare.
