Tournament: havard | Round: 1 | Opponent: people | Judge: person
Cap K

Their focus on the court is myopic – the court is infinitely flexible, and always used to further interests of capital. Justice arises only when we organize outside of the law

Zinn, 05
(Howard, “It’s not up to the Court,” The Progressive, November, http://www.progressive.org/mag_zinn1105, accessed 7-11-09, GAL)
There is enormous hypocrisy surrounding …., will stop the war in Iraq, or redistribute the wealth of this country, or establish free medical care for every human being. 

The Supreme court’s rulings are blatantly and openly disregarded with no consequence when the interests of capital dictate it – tinkering with the law can’t solve the structural causes of the aff harms

Meszaros, 06
(Istvan, “Structural Crisis of Politics,” Monthly Review, September, Proquest, Accessed 7-11-09, PAK) 

In the meantime so many grave problems are ….. This question of why is what I wish to pursue now. 

Capitalism results in extinction—ecological destruction and unending warfare

International Review 1989 (The decomposition of capitalist society, 57:2 http://en.internationalism.org/node/3070)
Similarly, all the disasters that the ecologists blame on ‘…. monster that is decadent capitalism.

D. Our alternative-Vote Neg- We must abandon capital in the everyday-this is the only strategy for breaking free 

Herod  04
James Herod author of several books on capitalism and social activist since 1968 Getting Free 2004 http://site.www.umb.edu/faculty/salzman_g/Strate/GetFre/06.htm 

It is time to try to describe, at first abstractly and later concretely….. the shape of their social world.

Tournament: CEDA | Round: 3 | Opponent: kansas op | Judge: steiner
Their starting point dooms the aff to failure – lynching originated to protect big plantation owners from land distribution--only the recognition that capitalism foments racial divides can create a truly successful revolutionary coalition
Musa 02
Lynching exhibit highlights barbarism of capitalist society March 4, 2002 OMARI MUSAhttp://www.themilitant.com/2002/6609/660952.html
Lynchings were a common weapon used by racists to drive Blacks off the land.
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trail," explained Raymond Winbush, director of Fisk University's Race Relations Institute.
This was the case with the 1916 lynching of Anthony Crawford in South Carolina. Crawford was a successful cotton farmer. He was arrested for cursing a white businessman in a dispute over the sale price of his cotton. After being released from jail he was cornered by a mob, knifed, beaten, and lynched. His family fought to keep the land but were eventually foreclosed on by the banks.
Violence meted out against Blacks after emancipation in 1865, including mob executions, was
AND
rural producers. "Forty acres and a mule" became their slogan.
While the federal government refused to institute a far-reaching agrarian reform, Blacks
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discrimination were enacted and universal suffrage for males regardless of race was instituted.
But the Radical Reconstruction governments did not expropriate the land of the big plantation owners and distribute it to the ex-slaves or poor white farmers. This failure allowed the exploiting classes in the South, in alliance with their northern backers, to launch a campaign of legal and extralegal terror against Blacks.

They don’t solve—lynching was historically used to drive blacks off land

Capitalism results in extinction—ecological destruction and unending warfare

International Review 1989 (The decomposition of capitalist society, 57:2 http://en.internationalism.org/node/3070)
Similarly, all the disasters that the ecologists blame on ‘technical progress' the growing
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no limit to the horror of this bloody monster that is decadent capitalism.

D. Our alternative-Vote Neg- We must abandon capital in the everyday-this is the only strategy for breaking free 

Herod  04
James Herod author of several books on capitalism and social activist since 1968 Getting Free 2004 http://site.www.umb.edu/faculty/salzman_g/Strate/GetFre/06.htm 

It is time to try to describe, at first abstractly and later concretely,
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who democratically and cooperatively self-determine the shape of their social world.

Tournament: havard | Round: 1 | Opponent: people | Judge: person
Text: Prior to implementation, the United States federal government will enter into binding consultation with the government of Brazil, proposing that insert plan here and will implement the agreed upon policies of consultation.  We’ll clarify.

Observation one: CP is mutually exclusive with the affirmative—any permutation severs the certainty, immediacy, and unalterability of plan action, irreparably damaging competitive equity. It also proves that the affirmative is not resolved, making them nontopical and outside of the judges jurisdiction.

Observation Three: Relations

Consultation is critical to enhancing the US/Brazil relationship—even modest initiatives like the CP can have a profound effect of building trust and cooperation. 

Hakim 2011 (Peter, President of the Inter-American Dialogue, Foreign Service Journal, “Brazil and the US—Remaking a Relationship, http://www.thedialogue.org/page.cfm?pageID=32andpubID=2679)

Still, even when bilateral relations have …. Washington on U.S. climate change policy. 

Downward push in relations causes Amazonian Deforestation and destabilizes South America, resulting in arms races and nuclear proliferation

Shultz 00  (Donald, Research Professor of National Security Policy at the Strategic Studies Institute of the U.S. Army War College THE UNITED STATES AND LATIN AMERICA: SHAPING AN ELUSIVE FUTURE, March)
While we are in a speculative mode, it may be useful to raise the issue of ….there is an increasing temptation to  look to the military for answers. 

Amazon destruction will cause planetary extinction
Takacs 96 (David, Instructor in Department of Earth Systems Science and Policy at California State-Monterey Bay. Philosophies of Paradise, http://www.dhushara.com/book/diversit/restor/takacs.htm)
Peter Raven  bases his thinking on Leopold's …. which could extinguish civilization.”

Tournament: havard | Round: 1 | Opponent: people | Judge: person
The aff engages in the masculinized discourse of technological warfare that makes the victims of drone strikes invisible, feminist epistemology is necessary to highlight this violence.
Blanchard 11. Eric M. Blanchard "The Technoscience Question in feminist International Relations: unmanning the U.S. war on terror." Feminism and International Relations: Conversations about the Past, Present, and Future. Ed. J. Ann Tickner and Laura Sjoberg. 146-163. p.157-158 AD

Given the degree of commitment to this program the …., fetishizes machines, and personalizes international conflicts while depersonalizing the people who die in them" (Hugh Gusterson quoted in Gray 1997, 46). 

Breaking down patriarchy is necessary to break down war and most other forms of discrimination.

Warren and Cady 94
Karen Warren and Duane Cady, Professors of Philosophy at Macalester College and Hamline University.
“Feminism and Peace: Seeking Connections.” Hypatia. Vol. 9, Iss. 2; pg. 4 Spring 1994 Proquest

Of special interest to feminist philosophers are "…. of why we think this is correct are laced throughout the¶ remainder of the paper.)

And, the affirmative cannot have practical, worldly effects—they don’t have the agency to pull that off.

Schlag 1990 (Pierre, Stanford LR, November, Lexis JK)

In fact, normative legal thought is so …. wonderful normative advice into effect.

Our alternative is to adopt a transnational feminist analysis that examines the relationships between US violence both domestically and internationally - this enables coalition building and resistance to imperialism.
Naber 13. Nadine Naber. Associate Professor in the Program in American Culture and the Department of Women’s Studies and an Adjunct Professor in the Department of Anthropology at the University of Michigan. co-founder of the Arab Women's Solidarity Association, North America (cyber AWSA); Arab Movement of Women arising for Justice (AMWAJ) and Arab Women’s Activist Network (AWAN). "Transnational Anti-Imperialism and Middle East Women's Studies." Jadaliyaa.com. July 2nd, 2013.
Researching and teaching …of Iraqi women living under the same war.

Tournament: Texas | Round: 7 | Opponent: Liberty CS | Judge: Kyla Sommers
President retains the power to strike High Value Targets in the squo—flex is high
DeYoung and Miller Feb 4
(U.S. said to curtail drone strikes in Pakistan as officials there seek peace talks with Taliban
Karen DeYoung and Greg Miller, Published: February 4 http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/us-curtails-drone-strikes-in-pakistan-as-officials-there-seek-peace-talks-with-taliban/2014/02/04/1d63f52a-8dd8-11e3-833c-33098f9e5267_story.html)
The Obama administration has .......... lethal drone strikes are permitted.

Presidential flexibility and strength is constitutional and key to future conflicts
Royal 11
(War Powers and the Age of Terrorism ¶ JOHN PAUL ROYAL ¶ Institute of World Politics http://www.thepresidency.org/storage/Fellows2011/Royal-_Final_Paper.pdf)kk
Alexis de Tocqueville, that prescient ..........times of uncertainty, crisis, and war.

Turns the entire aff
Howell 7
William, professor of political science at U-Chicago, and Jon C. Pevehouse, professor of Political Science UW-Madison, “While Dangers Gather : Congressional Checks on Presidential War Powers,” 2007 ed.

SIGNALING RESOLVE To the extent .... committing any troops at all.

Tournament: havard | Round: 1 | Opponent: people | Judge: person
The aff treats womyn as a monolithic group and fails to recognize the way gender violence works as a tool of racism and colonization – their ability to distance themselves from pragmatic reforms only reproduce structures of domination by assuming all womyn are just “womyn”
INCITE! No date. INCITE! Women of Color Against Violence is a national activist organization of radical feminists of color advancing a movement to end violence against women of color and our communities through direct action, critical dialogue and grassroots organizing. "Dangerous Intersections." http://www.incite-national.org/index.php?s=91

Within the mainstream anti-violence movement …take into account their particular histories of violence.

The alternative is to support INCITE! and its push for a grassroots movement that places womyn of color at the center of analysis surrounding violence. Their ability to divorce the acts they talk about from specific, positive mechanisms for solvency is a form of privilege your ballot should not endorse.
INCITE! No date. INCITE! Women of Color Against Violence is a national activist organization of radical feminists of color advancing a movement to end violence against women of color and our communities through direct action, critical dialogue and grassroots organizing. "Dangerous Intersections." http://www.incite-national.org/index.php?s=91

Thus, our challenge is, how do we ….towards global peace, justice and liberation.

Tournament: havard | Round: 1 | Opponent: people | Judge: person
Judicial Capital DA
Court will uphold key tenets of the clean air act now in homer city generation case – buts its controversial and judicial capital is key.
Hurley and Volcovici 13
(U.S. justices to hear EPA appeal over air pollution rule By Lawrence Hurley and Valerie Volcovici¶ WASHINGTON | Mon Jun 24, 2013 http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/06/24/us-usa-court-pollution-idUSBRE95N0OX20130624)kk
In a win for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency….U.S. Supreme Court, No. 1182.

Guaranteed backlash to the aff – Obama and congress would frame it as a national security risk
Bazzle 2012
(SHUTTING THE COURTHOUSE DOORS:¶ INVOKING THE STATE SECRETS PRIVILEGE TO THWART¶ JUDICIAL REVIEW IN THE AGE OF TERROR¶ Timothy Bazzle* * J.D., Georgetown University Law Center, 2011; Civil Rights Law Journal http://civilrightslawjournal.com/issues/23.29.pdf)
The war on terror has created new …. privilege is necessary

Independently key to solve global warming, biodiversity, acid rain and extinction – key tenet of the EPA and global emission standards
Mendleson and Bowes in 2010
(The Clean Air Act¶ 40 Years of Success Protecting Public Health and Environment Joe Mendelson¶ Director of Global ¶ Warming PolicyCatherine Bowes¶ Climate Policy ¶ Representative summer 2010 https://www.nwf.org/pdf/Policy-Solutions/CleanAirActFactSheet.pdf)kk
This fall marks the 40th anniversary of the Clean Air Act…. affordable pollution control measures.15

Mutations ensure extinction
Yu 9
Victoria Yu, Dartmouth Journal of Undergraduate Science, “Human Extinction: The Uncertainty of Our Fate”, 5-22-09 http://dujs.dartmouth.edu/spring-2009/human-extinction-the-uncertainty-of-our-fate
A pandemic will kill off all humans. …. into a human-viable strain (10).

Tournament: havard | Round: 1 | Opponent: people | Judge: person
Judicial Capital DA
Court will uphold key tenets of the clean air act now in homer city generation case – buts its controversial and judicial capital is key.
Hurley and Volcovici 13
(U.S. justices to hear EPA appeal over air pollution rule By Lawrence Hurley and Valerie Volcovici¶ WASHINGTON | Mon Jun 24, 2013 http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/06/24/us-usa-court-pollution-idUSBRE95N0OX20130624)kk
In a win for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency….U.S. Supreme Court, No. 1182.

Guaranteed backlash to the aff – Obama and congress would frame it as a national security risk
Bazzle 2012
(SHUTTING THE COURTHOUSE DOORS:¶ INVOKING THE STATE SECRETS PRIVILEGE TO THWART¶ JUDICIAL REVIEW IN THE AGE OF TERROR¶ Timothy Bazzle* * J.D., Georgetown University Law Center, 2011; Civil Rights Law Journal http://civilrightslawjournal.com/issues/23.29.pdf)
The war on terror has created new …. privilege is necessary

Independently key to solve global warming, biodiversity, acid rain and extinction – key tenet of the EPA and global emission standards
Mendleson and Bowes in 2010
(The Clean Air Act¶ 40 Years of Success Protecting Public Health and Environment Joe Mendelson¶ Director of Global ¶ Warming PolicyCatherine Bowes¶ Climate Policy ¶ Representative summer 2010 https://www.nwf.org/pdf/Policy-Solutions/CleanAirActFactSheet.pdf)kk
This fall marks the 40th anniversary of the Clean Air Act…. affordable pollution control measures.15

Mutations ensure extinction
Yu 9
Victoria Yu, Dartmouth Journal of Undergraduate Science, “Human Extinction: The Uncertainty of Our Fate”, 5-22-09 http://dujs.dartmouth.edu/spring-2009/human-extinction-the-uncertainty-of-our-fate
A pandemic will kill off all humans. …. into a human-viable strain (10).

Tournament: havard | Round: 1 | Opponent: people | Judge: person
Our interpretation of politics is Schmittian – The executive cannot be effectively constrained using the law, only via popular uprising and public pressure

Vermeule and Posner 2011 (Adrian Vermeule, prof of Law at Harvard University Law School, Eric A Posner., prof of Law at the University of Chicago Law School, Executive Unbound: After the Madisonian Republic, Oxford University Press 2011)

Our thesis is that these modifications to liberal legalism fail…. sense that there is no feasible way to improve upon it, under the conditions of the administrative state.

And, the plan creates a façade of legal restraint while creating a gray hole of executive action—this is worse than doing nothing at all, because it masks the absence of real constraints on executive authority and implies citizen consent. Reject their security state that is liberal in name only.

Osborn 2008 (Timothy, Baker Ferguson Professor of Politics and Leadership at Whitman College, “We are all Torturers now: Accountability after Abu Ghraib” Theory and Event  Volume 11, Issue 2 JK)

The examples cited in this section suggest not the formation ...., renders recognition of the problematic character of its exercise ever less likely.

And, the affirmative cannot have practical, worldly effects—they don’t have the agency to pull that off.

Schlag 1990 (Pierre, Stanford LR, November, Lexis JK)

In fact, normative legal …..wonderful normative advice into effect.

The alt is to reject the aff’s legal liberalism and acknowledge that the only constraints we have are political 

Vermeule and Posner 2011 (Adrian Vermeule, prof of Law at Harvard University Law School, Eric A Posner., prof of Law at the University of Chicago Law School, Executive Unbound: After the Madisonian Republic, Oxford University Press 2011)

We do not yet live under a plebiscitary presidency. In such a system, the president …… better, despite the lack of a Madisonian separation of legislative and executive powers

Tournament: havard | Round: 1 | Opponent: people | Judge: person
Their criticisms of the “West” only reify the metageographic concept that the world can be compartmentalized into neat sections of West and Rest, and that certain ideals of rationality, control, militarism, etc can be properly spatialized and contained by a simplified set of geographical coordinates —Ultimately rhetorics that disparage the West and celebrate the rest end up reinforcing the colonizer’s model of the world.
 Lewis and Wigen 97. Martin W. and Karen E., The Myth of Continents 6-7

The North-South distinction, … the West and celebrates the rest.
B) Reject the Aff--it uncritically embraces the geographical myth of the “West”. This is not a naïve mistake, but is rather an instrument of ideological power that maintains American exceptionalism while ignoring the rootedness of such concepts as the “West” in military thinking.  These systems of thought must be actively challenged and thrust into academic scholarship and debates.
Lewis and Wigen 97. Martin W. and Karen E., The Myth of Continents xi-xii

Whatever their differences, all of these approaches …. framed by military thinkers. 

Being critical isn’t an excuse—The least excusable deployments of the concept of an East-West binary are within otherwise self-critical academic discourse—This habitual yet often ignored pattern of essentialism must be rejected
Lewis and Wigen 97. Martin W. and Karen E., The Myth of Continents 1

In a country where high school graduates strain to locate …. its consequences can be truly tragic.

Tournament: The Soul | Round: 2 | Opponent: UMKC AW | Judge: Van Luvanee
1nc
A. Imperialism has always gendered, racialized, and sexualized its imperial wars. Creating wars embedded in male superiority and white supremacy 

Mohanty, Pratt, and Riley 2008. Chandra, Minnie, and Robin. “Introduction: Feminism and US Wars – mapping the ground”, Feminism and War: Confronting U.S. Imperialism. Pg 3
The anti-imperialist analysis in Feminism and war: confronting US imperialism attempt …. for both nation and empire. 

The state is a patriarchal institution – affs insistence on government control arises from the patriarchal drive for domination inherent to our political system
hooks 04. (bell, 2004, “The Will to Change,” Understanding Patriarchy, http://imaginenoborders.org/pdf/zines/UnderstandingPartriarchy.pdf

Patriarchy is the single most life-….. taught patriarchal thinking through religion.

The alternative is to perform a social structural analysis in order to re conceptualize social relations. The roll of the ballot is to access who best performs a methodology that alleviates social oppression

A relational structural analysis is key to understanding the way society functions
Anderson and Collins 10. “Why race, c1lass, and gender still matter”,  Race, Class, and Gender: an Anthology, pp. 12-13

We want readers to understand that race, class, and …. that form the very framework of society.

Tournament: CEDA | Round: 3 | Opponent: kansas op | Judge: steiner
You should do the affirmative advocacy without the use of the silence metaphor- 

The 1ac utilizes the concept of voice, participating in a phonocentric economy where non-speaking is imbued with a negative spin—our counteradvocacy is an example of a deafened moment and is necessary for injecting critical reflexivity into their ideas

Davis 1995 (Lennard, Deafness and Insight: The Deafened Moment as a Critical Modality, College English, Vol. 57, No. 8 (Dec., 1995), pp. 881-900 JK)

In thinking about literature, "normal" people have tended to create categories ¶
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we highlight the buried assumptions of ¶ the process of reading/writing. 

The conflation of perspective and voice is not a trivial thing—phonocentrism governs our whole perspective on communication and is the most original and powerful ethnocentrism

Bauman 2008 (H Dirksen, Gallaudet University, “Listening to Phonocentrism with Deaf Eyes: Derrida’s Mute Philosophy of (Sign) Language” http://commons.pacificu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1288andcontext=eip, JK)

The voice, Derrida believes is more than a means of communicating—it is
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placing it as wider orientation that¶ would beget audism (Bauman 2004).

The 1ac appropriates suffering via snippets of testimony, then rationalizes it by hoping that
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are naïve about global politics and participate in the violent masking of domination.

Nayar 2013 (Jayan, School of Law, Warwick University, “The Politics of Hope and the Other-in-the-World: Thinking Exteriority” Law and Critique 24:63–85, DOI 10.1007/s10978-012-9115-8, JK)

People suffer.17 This is a simple truth that takes little effort to state
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Other, help create masks of hegemony for the brutal faces of domination.

Targeted killing is a state crafted euphemism used to distances ourselves from the ethics of our actions, the affs use of the term is key in legitimizing the practices they attempt to stop.
Craig Jones March 12, 2013
(Phd at Culumbia and member of the Lui Institute for global affairs) Legitimate target? http://warlawspace.com/tag/targeted-killing/

Targeted killing is both an anesthetising discourse and a euphemistic one. Israel invented modern
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had been sanctioned from on high in the Israeli legal and religious elite.

This regime of sanitized language actively conceals the horror of totalitarianism---the language of euphemism clinically detaches people from any sense of ethical responsibility
Elias Davidsson, Centre for Research on Globalization, 2003 (http://www.aldeilis.net/jus/econsanc/debate.pdf)

In order to effectively describe a complex and highly politicized phenomenon, such as¶
AND
world of human suffering, out of which¶ humanitarian law has sprung.

Euphemisms are central to the capacity to wage an unregulated war on terror---the plan legitimizes the abuse of civil liberties and the mistreatment of prisoners   
Andrew Sullivan, political journalist for New York Times Magazine, 11/12/05 (http://www.andrewsullivan.com/index.php?dish_inc=archives/2005_11_06_dish_archive.html)

EXEMPTING THE CIA: A former general counsel for the agency argues against Dick Cheney's
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up rape, murder, near-drowning and torture of defenseless detainees.

The law is built by and for elites in order to maintain the status quo—zero emancipatory potential
Gordon, 1998 (Robert, President and  Professor of Law at the New College of Cal, in The Politics of Law: A Progressive Critique, ed. David Kairys, P. 647 - 50 , Questia)

In any case, once one begins to focus closely on problems such as these
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playing the abstract social roles of "owner," "employee," etc. 

Judicial Oversight sounds sweet in theory, but in practice there are a ton of procedural roadblocks making it IMPOSSIBLE for the aff to provide meaningful constraints upon the Executive.

Alston 2011 (Philip, NYU Law, The CIA and Targeted Killings Beyond Borders, 2 Harv. Nat'l Sec. J. 283 JK)

But whatever the theory, in practice such judicial protection is not generally available in
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with foreign relations in general, and with foreign intelligence matters in particular.

The recent Clapper decision proves that the court won’t grant standing to challenges to executive authority.

Rohzenstein 2013 (Alan, Harvard Law, http://www.lawfareblog.com/2013/02/clapper-opinion-recap-supreme-court-denies-standing-to-challenge-nsa-warantless-wiretapping/)

There is a lot going on in both the majority opinion and the dissent,
AND
matters of national security. The FISC involves judges in such matters already.