Tournament: UNT | Round: Octas | Opponent: Kansas KW | Judge: Ermo, Joel Reed, Allsup
Can't role play disability consciousness / Lowen and Pollard 2010 Disability Studies 23:1
Guzman's (2009) survey AND has to be joined

The idea that policy makers understand is a joke / Berube 2005 "Disability and Disasters" 9-28-05
Now it's quite true that many politicians AND Brownback's Opus Dei showcase last week

Innocence claim link
Cherney 2011 Disability Studies Q, 31:3
Recognizing ableism requires a shift in orientation AND sustain ableist rhetoric and discrimination

Lived research link
Linton 98 Claiming Disability: Knowledge and Identity, p72-73
Research whether aimed at disability AND rarely acknowledges this omission

Detention Link / Foregrounding is good
McSherry 12 "The involuntary detention of people with intellectual disabilities"
During the drafting of Article 14 AND with others as mandated by the CRPD

War Link
McSorley 13 War, Politics and Experience: War and the Body, p10
This book places the body at the centre AND multiple and broad constituencies

Vote to make ableism irredeemable
Cherney 2011 Disability Studies Q 31:3
If we locate the problem in disability AND craft awareness and political action

ALT is vote negative - liberation starts with the body / Davis 02 Bending Over Backwards: Disability, Dismodernism and other difficult positions, p29-31
An ethics of the body provides us AND the template social and political designs

Debate is always about identity
Michalko 2002, Difference that Disability Makes, p5
Who am I? is question according to Hannah Arendt AND whatever reason happened to a person

Accommodationist and accessibility / Kroeger 2010 Journal of Post-Secondary Disability Studies, 23:1
Because we typically .... from their non-disabled spaces

Perm is exclusion by inclusion
Johnson 04 "LIberals and disability rights: why don't they get it"
Those we talked to told us how difficult it was AND disability activists feel the loneliness

The body is always a prior Q
Clifford 2012 Contemporary Political Theory v11 (211-228)
Haller's experience reveals the pervasive  AND instill increased attentiveness

CRPD fails
Minkowitz 11-3-13 online
"the november 5 hearing on the UN convention on the rights of persons with disabilities" "to ratify CRPD without the RUDs"

Detention L
Ben-Moshe 2013 "Disabling incercaration: Connecting disability to divergent confinements"
The reason why these figures AND those most disabled but not others

Priv rational discourse erases difference
Secomb 2k Hypatia 15:2
This reformulated universalist model AND assume homogeneity and transparency

The 1ac performs presumed accessability and able body privilege - content/form, what/how
Boys 2008 "challengin the normal toward a new conceptual framework"
"this shifts the inquiry from representations" "as it is the reception and construction of that difference"

LIberal subject is constituted IN and BY the 1ac is able bodied / Breckenridge 2011 Public Culture 13:3 (might be 2001)
Disability studies teaches that an assumed able body AND freely chosen expressions of mutual desire

This debate is a link
Berube 03 "Citizenship and disability: Disability is a matter of civil rights even if the Supreme Court doesn't seem to agree"
"imagine a building in which political philosophers are debating"  "for the good of all of us"

Disability consciousness is a PR to an effective political strategy / Loewen and Pollard 2010, Disability Studies 23:1
The fight for social justice for many disabled AND rise to the disability rights movement

Tournament: Wake | Round: 3 | Opponent: Indiana MP | Judge: Danielle OGorman

1NC

A. Interpretation – defunding is not a restriction in authority.

Elsea et al ’13 (Jennifer K., Michael John Garcia, Thomas J. Nicola, Legislative Attorney, "Congressional Authority to Limit Military Operations", Pg. 2-3, http://fpc.state.gov/documents/organization/206121.pdf) 
Secondly, Congress has virtually plenary constitutional power over appropriations, one that is not
AND
if the President deems them necessary to carry out planned military operations.12

1NC

A. Interpretation – the CIA is not a military body – outside of the War Powers.

Alston 2011 A version of this will appear shortly in the Harvard National Security Journal (2011) The CIA and Targeted Killings Beyond Borders Philip Alston* John Norton Pomeroy Professor of Law, New York University School of Law

The Commission created by Congress to examine the events of 9/11 and the
AND
to uphold the value of human life and minimize the brutalities of warfare.

Vote Neg

A. Education – Key to know the difference between intelligence and DOD activities. Naval Academy yo.

B. Ground – Skirts the best solvency arguments on the question of targeted killing.

C. Better policy making – the distinction is critical to actual oversight.

Lawfare 2013 Distinguishing CIA-Led from Military-Led Targeted Killings
http://www.lawfareblog.com/wiki/the-lawfare-wiki-document-library/targeted-killing/effects-of-particular-tactic-on-issues-related-to-targeted-killings/?action=history

Recently, the CIA and military more frequently undertake targeted killing missions together, and
AND
concerns so as to increase accountability and adherence to the rule of law.

Competing Interpretations.

1NC

A Uniqueness – the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities will pass now.

National Review 11/13/13 Second Time Around http://www.nationalreview.com/article/363820/second-time-around-betsy-woodruff

It’s back. The U.N. Convention on the Rights of Persons with
AND
he hasn’t made up his mind but is leaning towards voting against ratification. 

Changing counterterrorism policy causes political backlash – perceived shift to raids and detainment

Sorcher 10-7 (Sara Sorcher is a national security staff writer for Defense One, "Obama Is Changing the Way He Fights the War on Terror" 10/7/13 http://www.defenseone.com/threats/2013/10/obama-changing-way-he-fights-war-terror/71486/)

The success of the Libya operation and capture of al-Libi raises sensitive
AND
? I doubt it, but I don’t know of any better option."

Obama’s putting his capital on ratification now, and its key.

Newman 10/28/13 Monday, 28 October 2013 17:40 Senate May Soon Revive Radical UN Disabilities Treaty Written by Alex Newman http://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/congress/item/16822-senate-may-soon-revive-radical-un-disabilities-treaty

Supporters of the treaty mostly claim that it would not have much of an effect
AND
not support, called on the Senate to ratify the scheme as well. 

CRPD Solves Ableism.

Perlin 2012 "There’s Voices in the Night Trying to be Heard": The Potential Impact of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities on Domestic Mental Disability Law Prof. Michael L. Perlin Director, International Mental Disability Law Reform Project Director, Online Mental Disability Law Program in EVOLVING ISSUES IN DISCRIMINATION: SOCIAL SCIENCE AND LEGAL PERSPECTIVES (R.Wiener ed., Springer Publ. 2012)

Importantly, although President Obama signed the CRPD in the summer of 2009, the
AND
jurisprudence.46 Then, I will offer some brief and modest conclusions.

Oppression.

Siebers, 2009  University of Michigan, Professor of Literary and Cultural Criticism, 9
Tobin, "The Aesthetics of Human Disqualification", Oct 28, Lecture

Oppression is the systematic victimization of one group by another. It is a form
AND
represents at this moment in time the final frontier of justifiable human inferiority.

1NC

Text - the Office of Legal Counsel should issue an opinion that the United States federal government should restrict funding for drone based targeted killing strikes carried out by the Central Intelligence Agency and enforce that restriction through budgetary watchdog organizations. The United States federal government should substantially increase its counterterrorism operations against Hezbollah.

OLC can create and eliminate executive war powers

McGinnis 1993 (John, "CONSTITUTIONAL REVIEW BY THE EXECUTIVE IN FOREIGN AFFAIRS AND WAR POWERS: A CONSEQUENCE OF RATIONAL CHOICE IN THE SEPARATION OF POWERS", http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=421326context=lcp)
This article proceeds in two parts. First, it offers a model of institutional
AND
and to trade its powers for other, higher- valued, concessions.

Solves better and avoids the net benefit

McGinnis 1993 (John, "CONSTITUTIONAL REVIEW BY THE EXECUTIVE IN FOREIGN AFFAIRS AND WAR POWERS: A CONSEQUENCE OF RATIONAL CHOICE IN THE SEPARATION OF POWERS", http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=421326context=lcp)
These rational choices may result in explicit bargains, as when the president permits Congress
AND
properly accommodate religion, see infra notes 40-41 and accompanying text.

Intel

Drone transparency leads to terrorism – hurts intelligence gathering and kills counter terrorism cooperation.

Junod, Journalist for Esquire, ’12
~Tom, "SECRETS AND WORLD TIES: OBAMA’S KILLER CONTRADICTION", 7-12-12, Esquire,
http://www.esquire.com/blogs/politics/obama-drone-strikes-10558354, RSR~
And then he proceeded to explain why transparency was a goal difficult, if not
AND
-acknowledgement. The truth is, we don’t know what would happen.

No theft and no impact

Gray 9—Associate Note and Comment Editor, Arizona State Law Journal. J.D. Candidate, Sandra Day O’Connor College of Law at Arizona State University, 2009; B.S. Political Science, Arizona State University, 2005 (John, Comment: Choosing the Nuclear Option: The Case for a Strong Regulatory Response to Encourage Nuclear Energy Development, Spring 2009, 41 Ariz. St. L.J. 315, Lexis)
 Nuclear power’s opponents also warn that nuclear energy may be a terrorist target,
AND
attack from stolen radiation would not be as dangerous as some fear. 122

Threat of international response deters nuclear terror

Umana 11 – Felipe Umana is a contributor to Foreign Policy In Focus, from the Institute for Policy Studies. August 17, 2011, "Loose Nukes: Real Threat?" http://www.fpif.org/articles/loose_nukes_real_threat
The threat of military, political, and economic repercussions from foreign actors provides another
AND
a long history of economic sanctions, partly because of its nuclear program.

Norms

Other countries aren’t threats – don’t have enough money or tech

Zenko 2013 (Micah Zenko, Douglas Dillon fellow in the Center for Preventive Action at CFR, previously worked at Harvard Kennedy School and State Department, January 2013, "Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies," CFR Special Report No 56) 

Based on current trends, it is unlikely that most states will have, within
AND
will undertake the significant investment required for armed drones in the near term.

US isn’t the key model – regional threat perceptions are all that matters

Metz 2013 ~Steven Metz is a defense analyst and the author of "Iraq and the Evolution of American Strategy." His weekly WPR column, Strategic Horizons, appears every Wednesday 27 Feb 2013 World Politics Review "Strategic Horizons: The Strategy Behind U.S. Drone Strikes" http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/12747/strategic-horizons-the-strategy-behind-u-s-drone-strikes~~

Both of these arguments are shaky. There is little or no evidence that nations
AND
terrorists or terrorist supporters were motivated exclusively or primarily by American drone strikes. 

Too late to solve drone prolif

Roberts 13 (Kristen Roberts, "When the Whole World Has Drones" March, 21, 2013, http://www.nationaljournal.com/magazine/when-the-whole-world-has-drones-20130321)

The proliferation of drone technology has moved well beyond the control of the United
AND
requests by congressional overseers, and it has resisted monitoring by federal courts.

====Prolif wouldn’t escalate conflicts or start new ones====

Blank 12, Director of the International Humanitarian Law Clinic (Laurie R. Blank, Emory University School of Law, "After ’Top Gun’: How Drone Strikes Impact the Law of War", University of Pennsylvania Journal of International Law, Spring ’12)

Drones are Lawful Weapons¶ ¶ As the United Nations Special Rapporteur on Extrajudicial, 
AND
armed drones falls clearly within the parameters of lawful weapons under international law.

Time frame is at least a decade

Zenko 2013 ~Micah Zenko is the Douglas Dillon fellow in the Center for Preventive Action (CPA) at the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR). Previously, he worked for five years at the Harvard Kennedy School and in Wash- ington, DC, at the Brookings Institution, Congressional Research Ser- vice, and State Department’s Office of Policy Planning January 2013 Council on Foreign Relations Special Report no. 65 "Reforming U.S. Drone Strike Policies"~

Based on current trends, it is unlikely that most states will have, within
AND
will undertake the significant investment required for armed drones in the near term.

Solvency

Congressional oversight will fail – insiders and most qualified sources prove

Scorcher 13 (Sara, Staff writer for the National Journal, "Insiders: Congress Ineffective in Oversight of National Security", http://www.nationaljournal.com/nationalsecurity/insiders-congress-ineffective-in-oversight-of-national-security-20130610)~~rkezios~~

Three-quarters of National Journal’s National Security Insiders said Congress ineffectively oversees the executive
AND
their near-total negligence of their constitutional obligations. Why take risks?"

Congressional oversight is a joke – it exists in the status quo and does nothing

Starks 13 (Tim, "Unmanned Oversight How Congress whiffed on drones", http://www.newrepublic.com/article/112347/congress-and-drones-why-has-oversight-been-so-bad)

The members of the two Intelligence Committees have seen more of the drone strike programs
AND
, Zenkos says, the committees "can’t really do their oversight function."