Tournament: 2013babyjo | Round: 7 | Opponent: Kansas Hampton-Owen | Judge: Kuswa
FRAMEWORK
Policy debate is good for education, engagement, and empathy.  Clear rules, a stable topic, institutional role-playing and simulation are integral to the process.
Lantis 8 Jeffrey S., Professor in the Department of political science and Chair of the
International Relations Program at The College of Wooster, “The State of the Active Teaching and Learning Literature,” International Studies Association Compendium, February 2008, http://www.isacompss.com/info/samples/thestateoftheactiveteachingandlearningliterature_sample.pdf

Simulations, games, and role-play represent a third important set of active
AND
topic, the development of empathy, and acquisition and retention of knowledge.
Refusal to engage in institutional reform reduces inquiry to narcissism.  There is a direct tradeoff with productive discussion and research.
Chandler 9 David, Professor of International Relations at the University of Westminster, “Questioning Global Political Activism,” What is Radical Politics Today? October 2009, pgs. 81-82

Today more and more people are ‘doing politics’ in their academic work. This
AND
peers and colleagues at the level of political or intellectual debate and organisation.
Only debates about engaging institutions can produce social change.  Disengagement from politics fractures coalitions and reinforces conservatism.
Mouffe 9 Chantal, Professor of Political Theory at the Centre for the Study of Democracy, University of Westminster, “The Importance of Engaging the State,” What is Radical Politics Today? October 2009, pgs. 233-237

In both Hardt and Negri, and Virno, there is therefore emphasis upon ‘
AND
my view, is how we should conceive the nature of radical politics.
Conservative forces always exist; only policy discussions can persuade them to support change.
Kerbel- no date Susan G., clinical psychologist and co-founder of Cognitive Policy Works, “From the Couch to the Culture: How Psychological Analysis Can Strengthen the Progressive Agenda,” Cognitive Policy Works, http://www.cognitivepolicyworks.com/trash/psychology-and-politics/

The psychology of change: This is one of the great hidden powers of clinical
AND
drag of resistance, and minimize its impact on moving the agenda forward. 

CAP

Capitalism makes war and extinction inevitable as the U.S. seeks to eliminate the resulting antagonism that refuses to sacrifice its own needs for accumulation.

Foster, prof of sociology at U of Oregon, Sept 2005
(John Bellamy, Naked Imperialism, Monthly Review Vol 57 Iss 4, Proquest)

From the longer view offered by a historical-materialist critique of capitalism, the
AND
needs—by organizing a global resistance movement against the new naked imperialism.
Biopolitics is the result of capitals law of value being applied to life- it inevitably causes genocide

Internationalist Perspective 2000
“Capitalism and Genocide,” http://www.geocities.com/wageslavex/capandgen.html
Michel Foucault's concept of bio-power can also be refunctioned to explicitly link it
AND
the factors that propel capital in the direction of mass death and genocide.
Our alternative is to not do the affirmative—capitalist relations should be withdrawn from and rejected—we must stop participating in activities that constitute a limited rescue operation for capital

Herod, 2004
(James, Faculty at the University of Massachusetts at Boston, http:www.umb.edu/faculty/salzman_g/Strate/GetFre/index.htm)

It is time to try to describe, at first abstractly and later concretely,
AND
who democratically and cooperatively self-determine the shape of their social world. 

Capitalism uses racism to justify its exploitation- attacking class domination is key to solving racism

Taylor 11 (Keeanga-Yamahtta, doctoral candidate in the department of African American Studies at Northwestern U, Jan 4, wwww.socialistworker.org/2011/01/04/race-class-and-marxism AD: 7-6-11, jam)
Marxists argue that capitalism is a system that is based on the exploitation of the
AND
In the United States, racism is the most important of those ideologies. 

Race oppression is used by capital to ideologically justify economic exploitation—the eradication of racism requires a totalizing critique of capitalism.  

Young 2006 (Robert, Red Critique, Winter/Spring, “Putting Materialism back into Race Theory”, http://www.redcritique.org/WinterSpring2006/puttingmaterialismbackintoracetheory.htm)
This essay advances a materialist theory of race. In my view, race oppression
AND
foreground the relationality of these sites within the exchange mechanism of multinational capitalism.
Consequently, I believe, the eradication of race oppression also requires a totalizing political
AND
Instead, I theorize freedom as a material effect of emancipated economic forms.
I foreground my (materialist) understanding of race as a way to contest contemporary
AND
to one of democratic multiculturalism, ultimately, requires the transformation of capitalism.
?
ABLEISM

Exposing and confronting ableist language, like the aff’s use of metaphors of “voice”, “listening”, and “vision” enhances social justice practice by expanding the universe of outsider scholarship- we best advance liberatory understanding.

Ortiz and Elrod 2 (Victoria and Jennifer, Crossroads, directions, and a new critical race theory, Ed. Valdes, Culp, and Harris, p. 265  GAL)
As with racism, sexism, classism, and homophobia, we began increasingly to
AND
expanding universe of outsider scholarship has enriched both our work and our Lives.

Their criticism of “surveillance” is part of a tradition in Western philosophy of ocularcentrism, reinforcing ableist assumptions that connect seeing with knowing.

Levin 93 (David Michael, Professor of Philosophy at Northwestern University, Modernity and the hegemony of vision, 287-288)

In a series of recent articles Martin Jay has focused on criticism of the oc
AND
and the critique of ideology. Marx could still rely on the power of
the idea of clear vision in his comparison of ideology to a camera obscura
that inverts the way "men and their circumstances" appear, just as the physical life-process inverts objects on the retina. For contemporary crit¬ics, however, ideology is no longer to be connected to distortions in vi¬sion but to distortions of language.
In Jay's view, such an analysis follows from a renewed respect for the truths
AND
Instead, it cleans language and communication of their hidden relations to power.

B. This must be a voting issue – Ableist Speech strengthens oppression and destroys the purposes of public debate – the impacts trump the other warrants in their arguments
Wheelchair Dancer, 4/28/8
(“On Making Argument: Disability and Language”, http://cripwheels.blogspot.com/2008/04/on-making-argument-disability-and.html Accessed: 2/10/11  GAL)

If you are feeling a little bit of resistance, here, I'd ask you
AND
systems of oppression that motivated us to speak out in the first place.

CASE

Ritualized denunciations of racism fail to erode support for racism.  We need concrete state action and civic engagement to oppose white supremacy, otherwise the movement fails.

Flood 1997
(Christopher Flood, University of Surrey, “Pierre-André Taguieff and the Dilemmas of Antiracism”, L'Esprit Createur, Volume 37, Number 2, Summer 1997, pp. 68-78, muse)

Taguieff's own response to the problem has several strands. He maintains that racism and
AND
media (and by the associations themselves in competition to assert their importance). 

Advocacies that oppose racism must offer pragmatic solutions and rational choices.  Reducing debate to the opposition to antiblackness allows racist ideologies, thoughts, and actions to reassert themselves in the guise of condoning difference.

Flood 1997
(Christopher Flood, University of Surrey, “Pierre-André Taguieff and the Dilemmas of Antiracism”, L'Esprit Createur, Volume 37, Number 2, Summer 1997, pp. 68-78, muse)

As the Appel and Droit's article suggested, the other controversial position adopted by Taguieff
AND
national independence, national community, and the traditional role of the state.

Tournament: 2013babyjo | Round: 6 | Opponent: Pittsburgh Markus-Woodford | Judge: Regnier
FRAMEWORK
Policy debate is good for education, engagement, and empathy.  Clear rules, a stable topic, institutional role-playing and simulation are integral to the process.
Lantis 8 Jeffrey S., Professor in the Department of political science and Chair of the
International Relations Program at The College of Wooster, “The State of the Active Teaching and Learning Literature,” International Studies Association Compendium, February 2008, http://www.isacompss.com/info/samples/thestateoftheactiveteachingandlearningliterature_sample.pdf

Simulations, games, and role-play represent a third important set of active
AND
topic, the development of empathy, and acquisition and retention of knowledge.
Refusal to engage in institutional reform reduces inquiry to narcissism.  There is a direct tradeoff with productive discussion and research.
Chandler 9 David, Professor of International Relations at the University of Westminster, “Questioning Global Political Activism,” What is Radical Politics Today? October 2009, pgs. 81-82

Today more and more people are ‘doing politics’ in their academic work. This
AND
peers and colleagues at the level of political or intellectual debate and organisation.
Only debates about engaging institutions can produce social change.  Disengagement from politics fractures coalitions and reinforces conservatism.
Mouffe 9 Chantal, Professor of Political Theory at the Centre for the Study of Democracy, University of Westminster, “The Importance of Engaging the State,” What is Radical Politics Today? October 2009, pgs. 233-237

In both Hardt and Negri, and Virno, there is therefore emphasis upon ‘
AND
my view, is how we should conceive the nature of radical politics.
Conservative forces always exist; only policy discussions can persuade them to support change.
Kerbel- no date Susan G., clinical psychologist and co-founder of Cognitive Policy Works, “From the Couch to the Culture: How Psychological Analysis Can Strengthen the Progressive Agenda,” Cognitive Policy Works, http://www.cognitivepolicyworks.com/trash/psychology-and-politics/

The psychology of change: This is one of the great hidden powers of clinical
AND
drag of resistance, and minimize its impact on moving the agenda forward. 

CAP

The affirmative  misidentifies the causes of oppression, mystifying capitalist social relations and undermining any basis from which to critique domination.   

Marsh 95
(James L., Professor of Philosophy at Fordham University, Critique, Action, and Liberation p.310-312 GAL)
To the extent that postmodernism celebrates some of these effects of late capitalist domination in
AND
sources of agency, critique, and resistance to the system are lost.
In misidentifying the cause of alienation and exploitation, locating it in being or logocentric
AND
similar to that present in the earlier critical theory of Marcuse and Adorno.
Finally postmodernism operates as a kind of negative idealism similar to the idealism Marx criticized
AND
of differance while the Rome of The New World Order burns.CONTINUED
In its celebration of particularism, misidentification. deprivation, over-generalization, decisionism
AND
postmodernism becomes a negative, idealistic ideology that leaves this system quite intact.

Foucault leaves no criteria for preferring one form of power to another- they leave no basis for resisting domination

Marsh 95
(James L., Professor of Philosophy at Fordham University, Critique, Action, and Liberation p. 78-79 GAL)
Finally. Foucault's political rejection of truth does not square at all with his truth
AND
reason, evidence, or argument for preferring the one to the other.
To his credit. Foucault is aware of these difficulties and tries to provide a
AND
between illegitimate and legitimate power, domination or liberation, injustice or justice.

Capitalism makes war and extinction inevitable as the U.S. seeks to eliminate the resulting antagonism that refuses to sacrifice its own needs for accumulation.

Foster, prof of sociology at U of Oregon, Sept 2005
(John Bellamy, Naked Imperialism, Monthly Review Vol 57 Iss 4, Proquest)

From the longer view offered by a historical-materialist critique of capitalism, the
AND
needs—by organizing a global resistance movement against the new naked imperialism.
Biopolitics is the result of capitals law of value being applied to life- it inevitably causes genocide

Internationalist Perspective 2000
“Capitalism and Genocide,” http://www.geocities.com/wageslavex/capandgen.html
Michel Foucault's concept of bio-power can also be refunctioned to explicitly link it
AND
the factors that propel capital in the direction of mass death and genocide.
Our alternative is to not do the affirmative—capitalist relations should be withdrawn from and rejected—we must stop participating in activities that constitute a limited rescue operation for capital

Herod, 2004
(James, Faculty at the University of Massachusetts at Boston, http:www.umb.edu/faculty/salzman_g/Strate/GetFre/index.htm)

It is time to try to describe, at first abstractly and later concretely,
AND
who democratically and cooperatively self-determine the shape of their social world.
Gender constructions are reproduced as much by what is NOT said as it is by what is said – the affirmative highlights the sometimes strategic sometimes unintended consequences of these choices – they should be held responsible for both
Whitworth 94
Whitworth, Assistant professor of Political Science at York University, 1994 Sandra, Associate Professor Department of Political Science and Women’s Studies, Feminism and International Relations, p. 75

FEM IR

In looking for gender in policy statements, or the histories surrounding the creation of
AND
results, can be seen to reproduce unequal relationships between women and men.

Intentions are masked by superficial inclusion of women or “incidental” exclusion of gender – we must look at effects not rhetoric
French 92
French, Professor of philosophy Harvard University, 1992 Marilyn, The war against women

 Because men mask their intention by omitting women or granting them superficial inclusion,
AND
can a species survive when half of it systematically preys on the other?

Patriarchy is at the root of all violent conflict – must solve to prevent wars and violence
Johnson, 1997. Allan G., professor of sociology Hartford College for Women, The Gender Knot: Unraveling our patriarchal legacy

To support male aggression and therefore male dominance as society’s only defense against evil,
AND
violence to settle disputes, manage human relations, and affirm masculine identity.

The alternative  is to reject the aff in favor of feminist analysis.
Attention to gender is key to (re)visioning world security and dealing with structural violence in and between states
Peterson 92,
(V. Spike, Associate Professor of Political Science, Gendered States: Feminist Revisions of International Relations Theory, 1992)

That these constructions—and the understanding of security they presuppose—are profoundly gendered
AND
who we are” that are then available for (re)visioning.

CASE

There’s no impact to biopower and their insistence on constant references to it is a scare tactic that deters actual alternatives to biopower
Paolo Virno, philosopher, former Professor of philosophy of language, semiotics, and the ethics of communication at the University of Calabria, June 2002, online: http://www.generation-online.org/p/fpvirno2.htm
Agamben is a problem. Agamben is a thinker of great value but also,
AND
are, in all cases, instruments of work and not propaganda words.

Biopower’s inevitable—Foucault agrees
Wright, 08
(Nathan, “Camp as Paradigm: Bio-Politics and State Racism in Foucault and Agamben”, Culture Critique, May 2008, Volume 1, Number 1 NL)
Perhaps the one failure of Foucault’s that, unresolved, rings as most ominous is
AND
inquiry and hope of a politics that escapes the problem of this racism.

Biopower is key to sustaining life
Dickinson, 04
(Edward Ross, Conference Group for Central European History of the American Historical Association, “Biopolitics, Fascism, Democracy: Some Reflections on Our Discourse about "Modernity", Central European History, Vol. 37, No. 1 (2004), pp. 1-48 NL)
It is striking, then, that the new model of German modernity is even
AND
with great satisfaction on the changes they genuinely had the power to accomplish.

Democratic rights prevent biopower from being harmful
Dickinson, 04
(Edward Ross, Conference Group for Central European History of the American Historical Association, “Biopolitics, Fascism, Democracy: Some Reflections on Our Discourse about "Modernity", Central European History, Vol. 37, No. 1 (2004), pp. 1-48 NL)
Again, as Peukert pointed out, many advocates of a rights-based welfare
AND
, and its rhetorical structure was too heavily slanted toward inclusion and tolerance. 

US proves—eugenics policies were checked by democracy
Dickinson, 04
(Edward Ross, Conference Group for Central European History of the American Historical Association, “Biopolitics, Fascism, Democracy: Some Reflections on Our Discourse about "Modernity", Central European History, Vol. 37, No. 1 (2004), pp. 1-48 NL)
In an important programmatic statement of 1996 Geoff Eley celebrated the fact that Foucault's ideas
AND
not develop the dynamic of constant radicalization and escalation that characterized Nazi policies. 

Alt cause—Public Health
Rabinow and Rose, 06
(Paul Rabinow, Department of Anthropology at the University of California Berkeley, Nikolas Rose, Department of Sociology at the London School of Economics and Political Science, “Biopower Today”, 2006, http://anthropos-lab.net/wp/publications/2007/01/rabinow-rose.pdf NL)
This is not to say that there are no forms of eugenics around. One
AND
which health and vitality become key stakes in market relations and shareholder value.

Biopolitical modes of governance are no longer a threat to anyone – the crisis of the sovereign state has caused violent biopolitics to be abandoned entirely
Jonathan Short, Ph.D. candidate in the Graduate Programme in Social and Political Thought, York University, 2005, “Life and Law: Agamben and Foucault on Governmentality and Sovereignty,” Journal for the Arts, Sciences and Technology, Vol. 3, No. 1

Adding to the dangerousness of this logic of control, however, is that while
AND
nation-state have fallen into disrepute and have been all but abandoned.

Tournament: 2013babyjo | Round: 2 | Opponent: Stanford Gulati-Rosenthal | Judge: Koehle
China Politics 

Xi and Li political capital is key to successful economic reform – strong central authority is key
Pesek 8/8 (William Pesek is a Bloomberg View columnist, “China’s Worst Nightmare Is Turning Japanese”, Bloomberg View, http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-08-08/china-s-worst-nightmare-is-turning-japanese.html)
The problem is one of politics over economics. Around China, dozens of local
AND
-like funk, and it’s unclear if Xi and Li have it.

The plan drains political capital and erodes legitimacy – it forces controversial debate about China’s Constitutional implementation
Backer 13 (Larry Catá Backer is Professor of Law and International Affairs at Penn State University, “Towards a Robust Theory of the Chinese Constitutional State”, Penn State Law Research Paper No. 25-2013, May 8, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2262555)
In a world in which regime changes are predicated on the legitimacy of the state
AND
in China are  educated in the West, mostly in the United States.  

Economic reform and party legitimacy key to prevent CCP collapse
Herd 12
(Dr Graeme Herd is a Senior Programme Advisor and Senior Fellow, Leadership in Conflict Management Programme and Security Policy at the Geneva Centre for Security Policy, “The Red Dynasty’s Game of Thrones: Xi Jinping’s Trilemma?”, November 27, http://www.gcsp.ch/Leadership-in-Conflict-Management/Programme-News/Web-Editorial-The-Red-Dynasty-s-Game-of-Thrones-Xi-Jinping-s-Trilemma)
The resolution of Deng Xiaoping central dilemma generated a set of structural and systemic challenges
AND
the Red Dynasty’s end a certainty, and its successor a known unknown.

CCP collapse causes a nuclear civil war
Yee and Storey 2002
(Herbert Yee, Professor of Politics and International Relations at the Hong Kong Baptist University, and Ian Storey, Lecturer in Defence Studies at Deakin University, 2002 (The China Threat: Perceptions, Myths and Reality, RoutledgeCurzon, pg 5 bham))
The fourth factor contributing to the perception of a China threat is the fear of
AND
disintegrating China would also pose a threat to its neighbours and the world.

Counterplan 

Text: The Executive branch of the United States should publicly limit the 2001 Authorization for Use of Military Force to al-Qaeda, the Taliban, or those nations, organizations, or persons who enjoy close and well-established collaboration with al-Qaeda or the Taliban.
The executive can restrain itself
Sales 12
(Nathan, Professor of Law at Georgetown, 7/3, Georgetown, “Self-Restrain and National Security,” http://jnslp.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/08__Sales_Master_6-28-12-NS.pdf)
Much of the caselaw and scholarship concerning national security rests on the assumption that the
AND
one hand behind its back,” to borrow Aharon Barak’s memorable phrase.4

K
The fight against terrorism is a fight against the uncivilized, irrational danger—this justifies endless war and intervention to protect the masculine order
Wilcox 03 Lauren, PhD in IR @ University of Minnesota, BA @ Macalester College, MA @ London School of Economics, “Security Masculinity: The Gender-Security Nexus”

These statements give several clues as to the implications of ”barbaric‘ behavior. Terrorists are barbaric and uncivilized, and opposed to democracy. Those who commit evil acts commit attacks against civilization, t
AND
, but a feminized ”other‘ that American masculinity is defined against.

This inscribed gender inequality derails any attempts to alleviate insecurity and makes peace, justice, and ecological sustainability impossible

Tickner 1992 (J. Ann Tickner, Professor of International Relations at USC. Gender in International Relations: Feminist Perspectives on Achieving Global Security. 1992, http://www.ciaonet.org/book/tickner/)

In previous chapters I have argued that traditional notions of national security are becoming dysfunctional
AND
war but also the elimination of unjust social relations, including unequal gender relations

The alternative is to reject the affirmative in favor of feminist criticism.  Exposing the affirmative’s participation in patriarchy requires a bottom-up strategy to uproot gender inequality.

J. Ann Tickner - Professor in the School of International Relations at University of Southern California, President of the International Studies Association, the most respected and widely known scholarly association in this field - Dec., 1997 “You Just Don't Understand: Troubled Engagements between Feminists and IR Theorists” International Studies Quarterly, Vol. 41, No. 4. 

Many of these issues seem far removed from the concerns of international relations. But
AND
, women's (and certain men's) security broadly defined can be formulated.
?

Case

Advantage 1
No extinction-
Localized impact

Mendelsohn 6
(Jack, Adjunct Professor – George Washington University, Member of SALT I and START II Delegations, and Former Deputy Director – Arms Control Association, “Delegitimizing Nuclear Weapons”, Issues in Science and Technology, 3-22, Lexis)
Second, despite efforts by the Clinton and Bush administrations to equate the dangers of
AND
BW attack, in which case those responsible might be impossible to identify.

No bioweapons – Too difficult to acquire and deploy

Burton and Stewart, 08
 (Fred and Scott, Stratfor Intelligence, “Busting the Anthrax Myth”, July 30, http://www.stratfor.com/weekly/busting_anthrax_myth)
We must admit to being among those who do not perceive the threat of bioterrorism
AND
 undertaken by the Bhagwan Shri Rajneesh cult are far easier to commit.
Impact to sea terrorism unlikely
Pein 2006
(Corey, award-winning investigative reporter and long-form narrative journalist who writes about the military industrial complex, money, politics and violence from London, UK, “Hijacking the Pirate Menace,” 9-12-06, http://www.slate.com/id/2149370/)
Despite their impressive exploits of late—seizing oil platforms off the coast of Nigeria
AND
Malaysia's maritime police have turned their attention from piracy to illegal fishing methods.

Advantage 2 

U.S. hegemony will decline inevitable, but decline will be peaceful.

Kennedy,10
Paul, professor of history and director of international security studies at Yale University. “Back to Normalcy: Is America really in decline?”. The New Republic, Vol. 241, Issue 20. 12/30/2010.
America's military strengths are, by contrast, still remarkable; at least this one
AND
was. That isn't a bad thing. It will be more normal.

Tournament: 2013babyjo | Round: 3 | Opponent: Oklahoma Maddy-Massey | Judge: Cheek
FRAMEWORK
Only discussions of concrete policy proposals k2 challenging patriarchy
Dietz 87
(Mary G. Dietz, Professor of Political Science and Gender Studies Program at Northwestern University, “Context Is All: Feminism and Theories of Citizenship”, Daedalus, Vol. 116, No. 4, Fall, http://www.jstor.org/stable/20025121)

By this I do not mean to suggest that feminists who proceed from the question
AND
laws, health care benefits - feminists give indispensable assistance to liberal practice. 

Refusal to engage in institutional reform reduces inquiry to narcissism.  There is a direct tradeoff with productive discussion and research.
Chandler 9 David, Professor of International Relations at the University of Westminster, “Questioning Global Political Activism,” What is Radical Politics Today? October 2009, pgs. 81-82

Today more and more people are ‘doing politics’ in their academic work. This
AND
peers and colleagues at the level of political or intellectual debate and organisation.

CUOMO

To discuss war as an event that occurs outside of our day to day world is to actively forgo a discussion the war which takes place every day against a variety of feminized others. This ontological and epistemological shortsightedness creates an ongoing war against women and the environment. 

Cuomo, Professor of Philosophy and Women’s Studies, 1996
Chris Cuomo - Professor of Philosophy and Women's Studies, and Director of the Institute for Women's Studies at the Univerity of Georgia – 1996 “War Is Not Just an Event: Reflections on the Significance of Everyday Violence” Published in Hypatia 11.4, pp. 30-46
Although my position is in agreement with the notion that war and militarism are feminist issues, I argue that approaches to the ethics of war and peace which do not consider “peacetime” military violence are inadequate for feminist and environmentalist concerns. Because much of the military violence done to women and ecosystems happens outside the boundaries of declared wars, feminist and environmental philosophers ought to emphasize the significance of everyday military violence.
Philosophical attention to war has typically appeared in the form of justifications for entering into
AND
media violence, and current ideological gravitations to military solutions for social problems.
The alternative is to reject the affirmative’s representations of war and peace. Only rejecting the notion of war as a bounded event can prevent the ongoing destruction of the environment. We allow for a new perspective on warfare that can challenge the omnipresence of militarism in our day-to-day lives.
Cuomo, Professor of Philosophy and Women’s Studies, 1996
Chris Cuomo - Professor of Philosophy and Women's Studies, and Director of the Institute for Women's Studies at the Univerity of Georgia – 1996 “War Is Not Just an Event: Reflections on the Significance of Everyday Violence” Published in Hypatia 11.4, pp. 30-46
Ethical approaches that do not attend to the ways in which warfare and military practices
AND
the "war on crime," and other state-funded militaristic campaigns.

FEM JURIS PRUDENCE

Legal discourse relies on a universal male norm, which measures women as deviant and excludes their experiences and understandings of reality.
Carrington 02
(Kerry, Sociology professor at the University of New England, Law/Text/Culture, 6 LTC 107, 128-129, 2002)

Feminist research poses a profound challenge to the hegemony of law's claims to produce incontestable
AND
dominant) White, middle-class male' (Graycar 1995: 267).
The hierarchical standards of authority that framed constitutional adjudication upholds patriarchal understandings of autonomy and dependence and have not entitled women to make decisions about their futures and sexual determination.
Slavin 90
(Sarah, “Authenticty and Fiction in Law: Contemporary Case Studies Exploring Radical Legal Feminism” Journal of Women’s History Vo. 1, Winter 1990, pp 123-159”)

Rhonda Copelon finds the U.S. Constitution a key organizing device in
determinations of autonomy/dependence and material independence/servitude. Therefore, her work
AND
lack of legitimacy political actors will likely assign to progressive constitutional interpretation.44
An unenumerated right to privacy does not pfr sf threaten distinctions between public and private
AND
patriarchal understanding nor an original component of the U.S. Constitution.

Courts perpetuate gender inequality by overriding attempts at agency by women.
Raigrodski 04
(Dana, Doctorate of Judicial Science, Tulane Law School, Hasting Women’s Law Journal, LJ 37, Winter 2004)

Nonetheless, resistance and empowerment are possible even under conditions of subordination. The Court
AND
basic norm that structures our society, to the disadvantage of us all.

Maintaining flawed conceptions of gender allows for the continuance of the logic of domination – all systems of oppression are interlinked and without attempting to change our conception of gender ecological and social crisis will be inevitable
 Cuomo 2 (Associate Professor of Philosophy and Women’s Studies at the University of Cincinnati, 2002 (Chris, Ethics and the Environment, p.3)
I take that phrase “power and promise,” an unusually optimistic measure for anything
AND
at the core of the terrible ecological and social messes we currently face. 

CASE

Excluding positivist methodologies undermines their alternative – only embracing methodological pluralism can advance their goals.
Mary Caprioli, Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Tennessee, International Studies Review, June 2004 pp.256-8
The purported language difference between feminist and IR scholars appears to be methodological. In
AND
to provide a more thorough understanding of the social matrix underlying state behavior.
IR feminism rewrites IR theory and creates false constructions in order to sustain its theory – this denies its utility
Murray, Department of Political Science, University of Bristol, 1997
(Alistair, Reconstructing Realism: Between Power Politics and Cosmopolitan Ethics, p. 193)
Tickner, of course, cannot accept any of this: essential to her entire
AND
, oblivious of the damage which this conceptual mugging does to their utility.

IR feminism constructs false ideas of IR theory and feminist alternatives – they simply don’t exist
Murray, Department of Political Science, University of Bristol, 1997
(Alistair, Reconstructing Realism: Between Power Politics and Cosmopolitan Ethics, p. 191)
Whilst Tickner's feminism presents an interesting revisioning of international relations, it ultimately suffers from
AND
this flawed critique, collapses in the face of the revelation of inadequacy.

Framing the attack through legalistic categories creates a stable boundary between war and peace that makes militarism invisible

Chris Cuomo - Professor of Philosophy and Women's Studies, and Director of the Institute for Women's Studies at the Univerity of Georgia – 1996 “War Is Not Just an Event: Reflections on the Significance of Everyday Violence” Published in Hypatia 11.4, pp. 30-46 

     Just war theory is a prominent example of a philosophical approach that rests on
AND
event, or part of a pervasive presence in nearly all contemporary life.
       Because the application of just-war principles is a matter of proper decision
AND
the ethics of starting and ending direct military conflicts between and among states.
            Applications of just-war criteria actually help create the illusion that the "
AND
and militarism that are significant to nonmilitary personnel, including women and nonhumans.