Tournament: Adanationals | Round: 1 | Opponent: Liberty Apthorp-Bridwell | Judge: Green
Contention 1 is Cornelius Fudge
The executive of the ministry of magic, Cornelius Fudge, provides a strong organizing metaphor for understanding serial policy failure caused by cognitive bias
Norman and Delfin in 2012 Emma R., Policy Studies Organization and Rafael, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, “Wizards under Uncertainty: Cognitive Biases, Threat Assessment, and Misjudgments in Policy Making,” Politics and Policy, Volume 40, No. 3 (2012): 369-402.
Minister Fudge, and the heuristic conundrums he symbolizes, captures a great deal about
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more acutely aware of how pervasive the effects of cognitive biases can be.
Specifically, Fudge’s failure to prepare for Voldemort’s return mirrors international failure on climate cooperation – both threats fail intuitive threat assessment because they lack immediacy, rapid change and human agency
Norman and Delfin in 2012 Emma R., Policy Studies Organization and Rafael, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, “Wizards under Uncertainty: Cognitive Biases, Threat Assessment, and Misjudgments in Policy Making,” Politics and Policy, Volume 40, No. 3 (2012): 369-402.
Human Agency/Intentionality In the Potter saga, a principal reason why Fudge does
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 than an appreciation of Rowling’s undoubted literary skill.
Warming causes extinction
Flournoy 12 – Citing Feng Hsu, PhdD NASA Scientist @ the Goddard Space Flight Center, Don Flournoy, PhD and MA from UT, former Dean of the University College @ Ohio University, former Associate Dean at SUNY and Case Institute of Technology, Former Manager for Unviersity/Industry Experiments for the NASA ACTS Satellite, currently Professor of Telecommunications @ Scripps College of Communications, Ohio University, “Solar Power Satellites,” January 2012, Springer Briefs in Space Development, p. 10-11
In the Online Journal of Space Communication , Dr. Feng Hsu, a  NASA
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simply too high for us to take any chances” (Hsu 2010 ) 

Warming is real
Muller 12 (Richard A., professor of physics at the University of California, Berkeley, and a former MacArthur Foundation fellow, “The Conversion of a Climate-Change Skeptic,” 7-28-12, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/30/opinion/the-conversion-of-a-climate-change-skeptic.html?_r=2andpagewanted=all)
CALL me a converted skeptic. Three years ago I identified problems in previous climate
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satellite measurements that solar activity changes the brightness of the sun very little.
And our metaphor is key to solving climate change – awareness minimizes biases in policy making and strategic usage in rhetorically conveying climate change allows us to integrate current research into democratic structures.
Norman and Delfin in 2012 Emma R., Policy Studies Organization and Rafael, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, “Wizards under Uncertainty: Cognitive Biases, Threat Assessment, and Misjudgments in Policy Making,” Politics and Policy, Volume 40, No. 3 (2012): 369-402.
Many psychologists who have devoted decades to this area of study have voiced their doubts
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effort for the judge to analyze why a certain prisoner might deserve parole.
Contention 2 – Azkaban
Contemporary IR fails to understand identity and non-state actors – only reflection on Boggarts as a metaphor allows us to ask who the enemy and the other is and thereby understand world politics
Norman 2012 Emma, Policy Studies Organization, “International Boggarts: Carl Schmitt, Harry Potter, and the Trans?guration of Identity and Violence,” Politics and Policy, Volume 40, No. 3 (2012): 403-423.
Of all the magical monsters in Harry Potter, boggarts are interesting both for the
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of state sovereignty that no longer fully holds in the contemporary global era.
Failure to deal with identity and exclusion as perpetuated on the body of the other, permanently replicates wars against real and imagined enemies
Jabri 6 (Vivienne Jabri, Professor in the Department of War Studies at King’s College London, 2006, “War, Security and the Liberal State”, Security Dialogue, Vol. 37, No. 1, p. 52-55)
Contemporary global politics is dominated by what might be called a ‘matrix of war’2
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development of the modern technologies of power that take life as their objective’.
And a Schmittian approach to boggarts shows how politics is grounded on creating identity distinctions between ourselves and the other – only our explanation accounts for the changing character of war the role of legitimacy in conducting war – means our approach is key to restricting war powers
Norman 2012 Emma, Policy Studies Organization, “International Boggarts: Carl Schmitt, Harry Potter, and the Trans?guration of Identity and Violence,” Politics and Policy, Volume 40, No. 3 (2012): 403-423.
Given this, it seems to be no accident that Rowling chose laughter as the
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the other in an attempt to sharpen the boundaries of the collective self.
Thus we are Resolved: The Ministry of Magic should substantially increase restrictions on the executive’s war powers authority to indefinitely detain Boggarts at Azkaban
Contention 3 is the Ministry of Magic
We should engage in the thought experiment of asking how we can fix the ministry – the ministry’s excesses on war powers only lead us to think that we need more restrictions on indefinite detention
Admiraal and Reitsmav 2010 Beth Admiraal and Regan Lance Reitsmav “Dumbledore's politics” The ultimate Harry Potter and philosophy: Hogwarts for Muggles, found via Wiley, 122-6
Barton’ s Libertarian Interpretation of the Potter Series
Prinzi’s arguments do not stand up to analysis. So, what about Barton’s libertarian
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 example set by humble Dumbledore to argue soundly for a libertarian philosophy.
Popular culture analysis is key to understanding international relations – outweighs on magnitude,
Neumann and Nexon 2006 IVER B. Neumann is  research director at the Norwegian Institute of International Affairs and Adjunct Professor in International Relations at the Norwegian University of Life Sciences and Daniel H Nexon is an assistant professor of government and foreign service at Georgetown University, Harry Potter and International Relations, 6-9
Over the last decade, the discipline of international relations has shown an increasing interest
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, and the kinds of analysis they give rise to, are sum- marized in table 1.1. We introduce them in turn. 

And literature solves cognitive closure through non-confrontational exposure to alternative perspectives – that’s key to understanding people and coping with ambiguity – supplements content knowledge
Djikic et al 13 Maja Djikic  Ph.D. is a Senior Research Associate and the Director of Self-Development Lab at Rotman School of Management , Keith Oatley professor emeritus of cognitive psychology at the University of Toronto Mihnea C. Moldoveanu University of Toronto, "Opening the Closed Mind: The Effect of Exposure to Literature on the Need for Closure", Creativity Research Journal, 25:2, 149-154)
From the simulation perspective, the decrease in the need for closure may depend on
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, so this, in turn, may have applications in professional ?elds.
And only our fictional approach allows us to think radical otherness – that’s key to destabilizing the representations of power
Gorelick, 2008 Nate, I would say he’s my favorite lab leader but Teddy got angry at me when I did, “Imagining Extraordinary Renditions: Terror, Torture and the Possibility of an Excessive Ethics in Literature,” Theory and Event, Volume 11, Issue 2, 2008
Images of abomination from Abu Ghraib ought to reveal that something at the heart of the
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power to comprehend, to control, or to imagine.

Tournament: West Georgia | Round: 2 | Opponent: West Georgia MZ | Judge: Joe Keeton
Bodies Targeted killing organizes an extreme and racist biopolitics of profiling and preemption by which brown bodies are designated terrorists and eliminated according to the whims of the state
Goh 2006 Irving Goh Fellow at Harvard University, “Disagreeing Preemptive/ Prophylaxis: From Philip K. Dick to Jacques Rancière” Fast Capitalism, 2.1 2006, http://www.uta.edu/huma/agger/fastcapitalism/2_1/goh.html
At present, the time of the preemptive presents the targeted body without the chance
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 the State, in which the decision to let live and make die is
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not "the remotest intention of killing" (Dick 1997:329).
Their attempt to reclaim browness in the debate space kills stuffs and museumizes blackness. The very Equity is equal access to misery
Baudrillard ’95
(Jean, “Simulacra and Simulation: The Precession of Simulacra”, pp. 7-12)
Ethnology brushed up against its paradoxical death in 1971, the day when the Philippine
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like the faces in funeral homes.
And the totalizing nature of their kritik murders our subjectivity – is the sovereign violence we kritik
Cohen 2006 Richard A., “Levinas: Thinking Least about Death: Contra Heidegger,” International Journal for Philosophy of Religion, Vol. 60, No. 1/3, Dec., 2006, 33-4, Accessed via Jstor
6 The grim reaper
It is at this point that our attention must be drawn to something quite astonishing
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behind as merely ontic or inauthentic.
And proximate causes first, acting to save the other is the height of our affective moral being – precedes all other normative claims.
Cohen 2006 Richard A., “Levinas: Thinking Least about Death: Contra Heidegger,” International Journal for Philosophy of Religion, Vol. 60, No. 1/3, Dec., 2006, 35-6, Accessed via Jstor
8 Morality: dying for the other  
But there is another side to death: if all death comes as murder,
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 original secrets of temporality itself and beyond all metaphor (Levinas, 1998, p. 217).
More evidence: K alone not enough – only part of the picture – doesn’t express the world’s complexity – only the affirmative gives our moral thesis weight.
Cuomo, 2003 Chris, Director of Woman Studies at the University of Georgia, “The Philosopher Queen, Feminist Essays on War, Love and Knowledge,” 48-50
Discourses of complexity are powerful antidotes
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capturing such analyses in equations of words.

And our defense of state action is a defense of liberal democratic principles like separation of powers are critical to democratic progress – it doesn’t matter if they’re imperfect because the ideal of equality can be used to critique inequality.
Lauritsen 2010 Holger Ross Aarhus University “Democracy and the Separation of Powers: A Rancièrean Approach,” Distinktion: Scandinavian Journal of Social Theory, found via ebscohost, 9-10
This whole discussion clearly shows how the principle of separation of powers can be considered
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that Montesquieu assigns to the upper chamber (Jaucourt, 2009b).

Tournament: West Georgia | Round: 4 | Opponent: Vandy BM | Judge: Andy Montee
Keystone
No water wars—their ev is hype.
Katz 11—Lecturer of Geography and Environmental Studies @ University of Haifa Dr. David Katz (PhD in Natural Resource Policy and MA in Applied Economics @ University of Michigan), “Hydro-Political Hyperbole: Examining Incentives for Overemphasizing the Risks of Water Wars,” Global Environmental Politics, Volume 11, Number 1, February 2011, pp. 12-35
Evidence and Perception In sum, despite some instances of violent conflict over water,
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to evaluate such warnings more critically.pg. 17-18 1nc 

Iran
Mor ev - You cannot make linear predictions within the international system – it’s inherently volatile
Taleb and Blythe 11 – *Distinguished Professor of Risk Engineering at New York University’s Polytechnic Institute, AND Professor of International Political Economy at Brown University (Nassim and Mark, May/June 2011, “The Black Swan of Cairo How Suppressing Volatility Makes the World Less Predictable and More Dangerous,” http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67741/nassim-nicholas-taleb-and-mark-blyth/the-black-swan-of-cairo)
Why is surprise the permanent condition of the U.S. political and economic
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there is no freedom without noise—and no stability without volatility.?
Sensationalism of Iranian prolif is propaganda in favor of military invasion – causes serial policy failure
Herman and Peterson 12 -- *professor emeritus of finance at the Wharton School,
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the dreaded “zone of immunity” that Israeli policymakers have long feared.
Sanctions will pass now, PC not Key
AP 13 (Associated Press, “Top Democrat presses Obama on Iran sanctions,” 12-28-13,
http://www.tehrantimes.com/politics/113124-top-democrat-presses-obama-on-iran-sanctions-)
TEHRAN – U.S. President Barack Obama faced mounting bipartisan pressure on Friday
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Iran does not choose the path this diplomatic process lays out for them.”
exec
Internal fixes aren’t credible
Jack Goldsmith 13, Henry L. Shattuck Professor at Harvard Law School, May 1 2013, “How Obama Undermined the War on Terror,” http://www.newrepublic.com/article/112964/obamas-secrecy-destroying-american-support-counterterrorism
For official secrecy abroad to work, the secrets must be kept at home as
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, even if it means that secret war abroad is harder to conduct.

Tournament: West Georgia | Round: 6 | Opponent: Florida KV | Judge: Susan Mader
Internal fixes aren’t credible
Jack Goldsmith 13, Henry L. Shattuck Professor at Harvard Law School, May 1 2013, “How Obama Undermined the War on Terror,” http://www.newrepublic.com/article/112964/obamas-secrecy-destroying-american-support-counterterrorism
For official secrecy abroad to work, the secrets must be kept at home as
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, even if it means that secret war abroad is harder to conduct.
Da
Mor ev - You cannot make linear predictions within the international system – it’s inherently volatile
Taleb and Blythe 11 – *Distinguished Professor of Risk Engineering at New York University’s Polytechnic Institute, AND Professor of International Political Economy at Brown University (Nassim and Mark, May/June 2011, “The Black Swan of Cairo How Suppressing Volatility Makes the World Less Predictable and More Dangerous,” http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67741/nassim-nicholas-taleb-and-mark-blyth/the-black-swan-of-cairo)
Why is surprise the permanent condition of the U.S. political and economic
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there is no freedom without noise—and no stability without volatility.?
Neg scenarios are epistemologically flawed – trapped at the level preemptable actualizable fears – makes their scenarios non-falsifiable and non-empirical - locks in the current psychle of preemptive warfare as self-fulfilling prophecy
Massumi 07 (Brian, professor of Philosophy at European Graduate School, “Potential Politics and the Primacy of Pre-Emption” Retrieved 10/15/13 R.C.)
17.This co-productive logic is well illustrated in the policies and statements
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. It will remain in place as long as fear and remains politicallyactuatable.
cir
No immigration reform – House-Senate compromise unlikely, path to citizenship prevents agreement
Rojas 13 (Leslie Berestein Rojas, Immigration and Emerging Communities Reporter, “Immigration issues to watch in 2014,” 12-30-13,  
http://www.scpr.org/blogs/multiamerican/2013/12/30/15492/immigration-top-stories-to-watch-in-2014/)
A year ago, advocates, politicos and pundits were speculating as to whether 2013
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take a little longer for a major immigration overhaul to go the distance.
Benign imperialism – faith in multilateralism prevents questioning imperial domination   
Shaikh 7 (Nermeen, Asia Source, “Interrogating Charity and the Benevolence of Empire”, Development, 50, Palgrave Journals)
And where, again, does this power for benevolent goodwill reside? In the
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the possibility of justice in the realm of collateral damage can be born?

Kritik
History proves capitalism isn’t the root of conflict
McKenzie 3 (D. W., Graduate Student in Economics – George Mason University, “Does Capitalism Require War?”, http://www.mises.org/story/1201)
Perhaps the oddest aspect of these various, but similar, claims is that their
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by destroying existing wealth. There is no sound reason to think otherwise.
1) We are resistance within the system – our lauritsen evidence indicates that we can challenge democratic deficits by agititating for principles of democracy – doesn’t mean we have to unproblematically affirm the state or capitalism – you should support all forms of resistance as positive steps in the right direction
Robinson and Tormey 6 (Andrew, Leverhulme Trust Early Career Fellow in the School of Politics – University of Nottingham and Simon, Professor of Politics and Critical Theory and Head of the School of Politics – University of Nottingham, “Zizek’s Marx: ‘Sublime Object’ or a ‘Plague of Fantasies’?”, Historical Materialism, 14(3))
Thinking, fourthly, about the formal characteristics of revolutionary action, Marx is never
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although inadequate, a step forward that should be supported by all means.
Subpoint a - Solves better – using capitalism to fight itself is more effective
Rothkrug 90 (Paul, Founder – Environmental Rescue Fund, Monthly Review, March, 41(10), p. 38)
No institution is or ever has been a seamless monolith.  Although the inherent mechanism
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to the extent of furnishing the margin of success for that very effort.
Subpoint b that breaks down absolutist divisions and checks violence
Levin 98 (Richard, President – Yale, “"Activist Politics" and/or the Job Crisis in the Humanities”, The Minnesota Review, 48/49, http://www.theminnesotareview.org/journal/ns48/levin.htm)
As a result of this view of the world, many people on the far
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similarity (or "equivalence") between the far right and far left.
2) Aff catalyzes a broader movement against militarism and violence by bringing attention to the other that’s butler and understanding the way that all of us are complicit in war – that’s Cuomo - We are universal call to action, and class-based politics are equally prone to cooption
Laclau 00 (Ernesto, Professor of Comparative Literature – University of Buffalo, Contingency, Hegemony, Universality, p. 292)
   Zizek thinks that the degree of globality or universality of a struggle
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what he calls ‘postmodernism’ is fundamental, I tend to blur it.

1ar
And they’ll say that capitalism is worse than ableism – this is not a measuring contest – projects to combat classism historically rely on metaphors of visibility
Valdes and Culp 02 (Francisco, Professor of Law, Duke University, Durham,  and Jerome, teacher, social activist, and lawyer, is pursuing a doctoral degree at Columbia University Law School, “Crossroads, directions, and a new critical race theory”, GAL)
As with racism, sexism, classism, and homophobia, we began increasingly to
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expanding universe of outsider scholarship has enriched both our work and our lives.