Tournament: Navy | Round: 7 | Opponent: Liberty CW | Judge:
1AC
PLAN

The United States Congress should substantially increase statutory restrictions on the war powers authority of the President of the United States by banning the use of drones for targeted killing in Yemen.

Contention 1 is Terror Reduction

The aff produces the means to resolve terror in Yemen by reducing drones and putting emphasis on more effective counter measures. 

A. First internal link is special ops tradeoff

Drone operations tradeoff with comprehensive counter terrorism and increase militant terrorist recruitment and strength – causes instability and increases power of terrorist syndicates
Brooks and Schwartz 2013
Rosa Brooks, Professor of Law, Georgetown University Law Center and Bernard L. Schwartz Senior Fellow, New America Foundation, The Constitutional and Counterterrorism Implications of Targeted Killing Testimony Before the Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on the Constitution, Civil Rights, and Human Rights, April 23, 2013, http://www.judiciary.senate.gov/pdf/04-23-13BrooksTestimony.pdf, accessed 12/23/13jap

When we come to rely excessively on drone strikes as a counterterrorism tool, this
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, drone strikes remain “a tactic in search of a ¶ strategy.”

Special operations better – solves terrorism
Beehner and Young 11/4
Lionel Beehner is a former senior writer at the Council on Foreign Relations and current PhD student at Yale University. Joseph Young is an associate professor at American University, Special Operations or Drones? November 4, 2013, http://nationalinterest.org/commentary/special-operations-or-drones-9356?page=2jap

Which is a worse violation of sovereignty—an airstrike from above by an unmanned
AND
on the ground may be preferable to sending unmanned planes across sovereign borders.
B. Second is domestic counter-terrorism:

US drone attacks kill grassroots counter terrorism in Yemen – causes blowback and al Qaeda domestic legitimacy
Gosztola 2013
Kevin Gosztola, trusted author who publishes his writing regularly to OpEdNews and Open Salon and he is a 2009 Young People For Fellow. In Congressional Briefing, Yemeni Delegation Describe Terror Drones Bring to Their Communities, Wednesday November 20, 2013, http://dissenter.firedoglake.com/2013/11/20/in-congressional-briefing-yemeni-delegation-describe-terror-drones-bring-to-their-communities/, accessed 1/6/14jap

“We were told that drones are used to target al Qaeda and only al
AND
in another place. “It was a very tragic, tragic moment.”

Yemeni counter terrorism solves – could address all terrorism concerns
Gosztola 2013
Kevin Gosztola, trusted author who publishes his writing regularly to OpEdNews and Open Salon and he is a 2009 Young People For Fellow. In Congressional Briefing, Yemeni Delegation Describe Terror Drones Bring to Their Communities, Wednesday November 20, 2013, http://dissenter.firedoglake.com/2013/11/20/in-congressional-briefing-yemeni-delegation-describe-terror-drones-bring-to-their-communities/, accessed 1/6/14jap

Schakowsky was at one point very surprised to hear Shiban detail how it is not
AND
had not seen anyone including the advisers of the president praising the strikes.

C. Third internal link is guerilla tactics

Drone strikes increase AQAP efficiency – force a change in tactics that makes it impossible to garner intelligence. Only diplomatic shift solves AQAP terrorism
Bayoumy 2013
YARA BAYOUMY, Insight: In Yemen, al Qaeda gains sympathy amid U.S. drone strikes, 12/13/13, http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/12/13/us-yemen-us-drones-insight-idUSBRE9BC0A020131213, accessed 1/3/14jap

The strikes have forced the militants to travel in smaller numbers to avoid detection;
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work on (changing) the ideological roots, otherwise terrorism will continue."

AQAP has the intent and capacity to shut down the Bab al-Mandeb
Thomas 11
Matthew, MA Nonproliferation and Terrorism Studies, and Al Qaeda in the Land of Faith and Wisdom: The Fall of Saleh and March on Al-Aqsa, 34; Monterey Institute of International Studies, May 8, accessed 1/7/14jap

AQAP is well aware of the positive implications of Yemen’s strategic location in the Gulf
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already struggling to recover from rampant political revolutions could follow Yemen into chaos.

Closing the strait collapses hegemony and causes Iran expansionism
UPI 10
Al-Qaida threatens to close key oil artery, Feb. 24, 2010. http://www.upi.com/Top_News/Special/2010/02/24/Al-Qaida-threatens-to-close-key-oil-artery/UPI-27151267027462/~~23ixzz1XPTj8CWP. Accessed 1/7/14jap

Amid the growing war jitters infecting much of the Middle East and fears Iran may seek to close the Gulf's Strait of Hormuz, a key oil artery, there are growing concerns that jihadists in Yemen plan to block another maritime choke point to disrupt oil supplies.
Said al-Shihri, the deputy commander of al-Qaida in the Arabian
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, where it is making a major effort to secure allies and markets.

Maintaining hegemony is key to solve nuclear war in every geopolitical hotspot and to fostering international cooperation which solves every existential threat
Brooks, Ikenberry, and Wohlforth 13
Stephen Brooks is Associate Professor of Government at Dartmouth College AND John Ikenberry is Albert G. Milbank Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University and Global Eminence Scholar at Kyung Hee University in Seoul AND John Wohlforth is Daniel Webster Professor of Government at Dartmouth College. “Lean Forward,” Jan/Feb 2013, Foreign Affairs, EBSCO, Accessed date: 1-9-13 y2k

In Defense of American Engagement Since the end of World War II, the United
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an engaged and liberal leading power. The results could well be disastrous.

Contention 2 is Yemeni Legitimacy

It’s reverse-causal and now is key – plan provides massive cover for Yemeni transition progress and solves aid rejection – unfettered drones are destroying reform credibility.
Greenfield and Jones 2013
Danya Greenfield and David J. Kramer, Post Correspondents, 4/5/13, “Time to curb American drones,” http://www.nation.com.pk/pakistan-news-newspaper-daily-english-online/international/05-Apr-2013/time-to-curb-american-drones, accessed 1/7/14jap

The US has played a significant role in Yemen’s transition, which ensured the exit
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- built on transparency, accountability and a demonstrated commitment to their future.

Reducing drone strikes key to Yemeni stability and effective counter terrorism – strikes kill governmental legitimacy and crowd out cooperative efforts
Greenfield et al 2013
March 26, Danya Greenfield , Deputy Director, Rafik Hariri Center for the Middle East at the Atlantic Council Ambassador, Barbara Bodine , Former US Ambassador to Yemen, Daniel Brumberg, Professor, Georgetown University, Robert D. Burrowes , Adjunct Professor , Emeritus , University of Washington,  "Yemen Policy Initiative", Coordinated by the Hairi Center for the Middle East at the Atlantic Council and the Project on Middle East Democracy, http://pomed.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/YPI-Letter-March-2013.pdf, accessed 1/7/13jap

With a new national security team now in place, this is an opportune moment
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that affected families and villages are demonstrating and chanting against the Yemeni and US

Yemeni democratic transition on the brink of failure – only massive boost of legitimacy solves
Worth 2013
Robert F., Times Correspondent, Yemen, Hailed as Model, Struggles for Stability, http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/19/world/middleeast/yemen-hailed-as-a-model-struggles-for-stability.html?pagewanted=all-http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/19/world/middleeast/yemen-hailed-as-a-model-struggles-for-stability.html?pagewanted=alland_r=0, accessed 1/7/14jap

In some ways, the transition here has achieved a relative calm, while Egypt
AND
Sanaa. “Hadi needs to cool things down, but he hasn’t.”

Independently, the impact to Yemeni transition reversal is global conflict
Hedberg 2010
Lt Col Nicholas, US Navy, paper submitted in fulfillment of a MASTER OF ARTS IN SECURITY STUDIES (MIDDLE EAST, SOUTH ASIA, SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA) at the Naval Postgraduate School; “THE EXPLOITATION OF A WEAK STATE: AL-QAEDA IN THE ARABIAN PENINSULA IN YEMEN,” http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA524655andLocation=U2anddoc=GetTRDoc.pdf, accessed 1/7/14jap

This chapter will address three major reasons why AQAP has come to the ¶ forefront
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legitimacy, respect, and authority in the eyes of the public.179   
Contention 3 is solvency

Obama says yes
Baker 13 Peter Baker is Staff Writer @ NYT, “Pivoting From a War Footing, Obama Acts to Curtail Drones,” 5-23-13, http://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/24/us/politics/pivoting-from-a-war-footing-obama-acts-to-curtail-drones.html?pagewanted=all, DOA: 8-24-13, y2k

WASHINGTON — Nearly a dozen years after the hijackings that transformed America, President Obama
AND
threat closely resembles the types of attacks we faced before 9/11.”
Robust scholarship concludes---Congress will enforce
Howell and Pevehouse 8 William G. Howell is an award-winning American political scientist and Sydney Stein Professor in American Politics at the University of Chicago Harris School of Public Policy Studies—AND—Jon C. Pevehouse is Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, “While Dangers Gather : Congressional Checks on Presidential War Powers,” 2008, Princeton, NJ, USA: Princeton University Press, 2008. DOA: 12-26-13, y2k

With the erosion of congressional checks on presidential war powers, these scholars note,
AND
, then, identifies the conditions under which Congress most effectively employs them.

Congressional certainty is key
Cronogue 12 Graham Cronogue, Duke University School of Law, J.D. expected 2013, “A New AUMF: Defining Combatants in the War on Terror,” Duke Journal of Comparative and International Law, Vol. 22:377, http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1294andcontext=djcil, DOA: 9-12-13, y2k

Though the President’s inherent authority to act in times of emergency and war can arguably
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the future and prevents the “gloss” that comes from congressional acquiescence.

Only congress can send the signal
Mark David Maxwell 12, Colonel, Judge Advocate with the U.S. Army, Winter 2012, TARGETED KILLING, THE LAW, AND TERRORISTS, Joint Force Quarterly, http://www.ndu.edu/press/targeted-killing.html

The weakness of this theory is that it is not codified in U.S
AND
eschews what gives a state its greatest safety: the rule of law.

Tournament: UGA | Round: 1 | Opponent: Liberty CW | Judge: -
Same 1AC as Navy

Tournament: UGA | Round: Semis | Opponent: Liberty BJ | Judge: 

Drone restrictions now—-thumps the DA

Jon Bellinger 1/26 is a partner in the international and national security law practices at Arnold 26 Porter LLP in Washington, DC. He is also Adjunct Senior Fellow in International and National Security Law at the Council on Foreign Relations. He served as The Legal Adviser for the Department of State from 2005–2009, as Senior Associate Counsel to the President and Legal Adviser to the National Security Council at the White House from 2001–2005, and as Counsel for National Security Matters in the Criminal Division of the Department of Justice from 1997–2001. "Congressional Control of Intelligence Programs (sometimes)," 1-26-14, http://www.lawfareblog.com/2014/01/congressional-control-of-intelligence-programs-sometimes/-http://www.lawfareblog.com/2014/01/congressional-control-of-intelligence-programs-sometimes/ DOA: 1-31-14, y2k
In the last ten days, an interesting controversy has bubbled up over congressional control
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authorize and fund the program, even as they distance themselves from the pro

====Current policy is an abuse of check and balances====
CATO Institute 09 ~CATO Handbook for Policy Makers Ch. 10 "Reclaiming the War Power" http://www.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/serials/files/cato-handbook-policymakers/2009/9/hb111-10.pdf-http://www.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/serials/files/cato-handbook-policymakers/2009/9/hb111-10.pdf~~ PK

For far too long, the debate over presidential power has been dominated by what
AND
be necessary if constitutional checks on executive power are to be restored.

====Congressional restrictions are key to restoring checks and balances; now is the last chance we have.====
Marshall 08 ~William P. Marshall  is a Professor of Law at University of North Carolina, Boston University Law Review Vol 88:505 "ELEVEN REASONS WHY PRESIDENTIAL POWER INEVITABLY EXPANDS AND WHY IT MATTERS" 9/13/13~ PK 

Fourth, Congress should pursue its institutional obligations even if so doing might conflict with
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policy, would vest unchecked power in the hands of a single individual.

Congress more important on war powers

Whittington and Carpenter 09 ( Keith and Daniel. Keith E. Whittington is associate professor ofpolitics at Princeton University (kewhitt@princeton.edu). Daniel P. Carpenter is professor ofgovernment at Harvard University (dcarpenter@latte.harvard-dcarpenter@latte.harvard.) http://www.jstor.org/stable/3688708-http://www.jstor.org/stable/3688708) 9/17/13 RK
After September 11, 2001, George W. Bush positioned him- self as
AND
While he dominates the public’s attention, political science gives greater attention to Congress

Exploiting war powers kills the strength of democracy and the constitution

Findley 11
~Paul, Republican representative from Illinois 1961-83. Obama’s Abuse of War Powershttp://search.proquest.com.mutex.gmu.edu/docview/864820052?accountid=14541 Accessed 5/19/2013 DMW~

From the start, Obama proceeded in a cavalier, almost casual manner. In
AND
be ashamed, and so should our complacent Congress for letting it happen. 

Illiberal majoritarian transitions cause genocide and war
Zakaria 97
Fareed Zakaria, PhD Poli Sci @ Harvard, Managing Editor of Foreign Affairs, 1997 (http://www.fareedzakaria.com/ ARTICLES/other/democracy.html-http://www.fareedzakaria.com/ARTICLES/other/democracy.html

Lang’s embarrassment highlights two common, and often mistaken, assumptions — that the forces
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The democratic peace, it turns out, has little to do with democracy

Tournament: UGA | Round: 1 | Opponent: Liberty CW | Judge: -

Iran Sanctions Ptix- Georgia

Sanctions are veto proof

Kornbluh 1/29 Rubio: Senate Should Pass Veto-Proof Iran Sanctions Bill, Jacob Kornbluh, 1/29/14, http://jpupdates.com/2014/01/29/rubio-senate-pass-veto-proof-iran-sanctions-bill/

The Senate should move forward with Iran sanctions, despite President Obama’s stated intention to
AND
this negotiation that will prevent them from becoming a nuclear power," he said

Obama not key- lobbying is key to prevent Iran sanctions

Kampeas 1/29 Groups opposing new Iran sanctions team up, RON KAMPEAS, January 29, 2014, http://www.timesofisrael.com/groups-opposing-new-iran-sanctions-team-up/

WASHINGTON (JTA) — A loose coalition of advocacy groups and policy experts,
AND
the past, in part because of the advocacy of the coalition members.

Reid is key

Starks 1/28 Fate of Iran Sanctions Bill Rests Largely With Reid, Tim Starks, Roll Call Staff, Jan. 28, 2014, http://www.rollcall.com/news/fate_of_iran_sanctions_bill_rests_largely_with_reid-230448-1.html?pos=oplyh

More than any single lawmaker, Reid has kept the Iran sanctions bill at bay
AND
Reid has helped him pursue negotiations with Iran on the terms Obama prefers.

Obama has no PC; vulnerable Dems are backing off

Miller 1/29 (Zeke. 14. Zeke Miller is a political reporter for TIME. He previously was the first White House correspondent at BuzzFeed and extensively covered the 2012 presidential campaign. Prior to that, he covered politics for Business Insider. A New York native, he graduated from Yale University where he was an editor and reporter at the Yale Daily News. http://swampland.time.com/2014/01/29/state-of-the-union-2014-democrats-obama/-http://swampland.time.com/2014/01/29/state-of-the-union-2014-democrats-obama/) 1/30/14 RK

President Barack Obama was barely out of the Capitol after delivering his State of the
AND
blasted the White House’s opposition to delaying an increase in flood insurance premiums. 

PC theory is bunk – only wins generate band wagon effects

Hirsch 2013 ~Michael Hirsch, chief correspondent for National Journal, There’s No Such Thing as Political Capital, This article appeared in the Saturday, February 9, 2013 edition of National Journal. http://www.nationaljournal.com/magazine/there-s-no-such-thing-as-political-capital-20130207?page=4~~jap-http://www.nationaljournal.com/magazine/there-s-no-such-thing-as-political-capital-20130207?page=45djap

But the abrupt emergence of the immigration and gun-control issues illustrates how suddenly
AND
change positions to get on the winning side. It’s a bandwagon effect."

Drone restrictions now—-thumps the DA

Jon Bellinger 1/26 is a partner in the international and national security law practices at Arnold 26 Porter LLP in Washington, DC. He is also Adjunct Senior Fellow in International and National Security Law at the Council on Foreign Relations. He served as The Legal Adviser for the Department of State from 2005–2009, as Senior Associate Counsel to the President and Legal Adviser to the National Security Council at the White House from 2001–2005, and as Counsel for National Security Matters in the Criminal Division of the Department of Justice from 1997–2001. "Congressional Control of Intelligence Programs (sometimes)," 1-26-14, http://www.lawfareblog.com/2014/01/congressional-control-of-intelligence-programs-sometimes/-http://www.lawfareblog.com/2014/01/congressional-control-of-intelligence-programs-sometimes/ DOA: 1-31-14, y2k
In the last ten days, an interesting controversy has bubbled up over congressional control
AND
fund the program, even as they distance themselves from the program now.

Congress upset about squo behind drone policy

Associated Press, 2013,
(Lara Jakes, "Drone Strike Limitations Considered By Congress After Justice Department Memo Surfaces", Huffington Post, 2-5, PAS) www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/02/05/drone-strike-congress_n_2627556.html-http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/02/05/drone-strike-congress_n_2627556.html 8-14-13

WASHINGTON — Uncomfortable with the Obama administration’s use of deadly drones, a growing number
AND
, including drone strikes, can be used to kill American citizens abroad.

Tournament: UGA | Round: 1 | Opponent: Liberty CW | Judge: -

Soft Power

AND

turn- soft power is key to us hegemony

Nye 2K6 (Joseph, aff author, Washington Post, "Why do they hate us?", June 25, pg. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/06/22/AR2006062200972.html-http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/06/22/AR2006062200972.html, accessed 6/30/06, AJJ)

Anti-Americanism obviously feels unpleasant, but does it really hamper American power?
AND
. Being admired, Sweig writes, makes it easier to be effective.

THAT SOLVES GLOBAL NUCLEAR WAR

Khalilzad in 95 (Zalmay, Washington Quarterly, Spring, LN)

Under the third option, the United States would seek to retain global leadership and
AND
to global stability than a bipolar or a multipolar balance of power system.

A. soft power solves disease spread and a laundry list of other problems

Nye 2K4 (Joseph, dean of harvard’s kennedy school of government, Christian Science Monitor, "US Military Primacy is fact – so, now, work on ’soft power’ of persuasion", April 29, Lexis Nexis, accessed 6/30/06~

The manner with which the US went into Iraq undercut American soft power. That
AND
and developing a better balance of hard and soft power in foreign policy. 

B. and disease spread risks extinction

Steinbruner 97 (John D., director of the center for international and security studies @ the University of Maryland, Foreign Policy, "Biological weapons: a plague upon all houses", Winter, Expanded Academic ASAP,)

It is a considerable comfort and undoubtedly a key to our survival that, so
AND
health, but a fundamental security problem for the species as a whole.