Tournament: WSU | Round: 1 | Opponent: Mo State | Judge:
Life in the west is defined against the figure of the Muslim – The Muslim is seen as the embodiment of death as such, excluded from the ethical-political community
Goldberg 09 David, Prof of Comparative Lit at UC-Irvine, The Threat of Race, p. 163-8

The figure of the Muslim, alongside ... self not possible for the beast, or for the beastly in us. 

He continues…
Goldberg 09 David, Prof of Comparative Lit at UC-Irvine, The Threat of Race, p. 175-7

The shift in Europe’s dominant fixation ... American foreign adventure, the “new world,” in Bush braggadocio.

One manifestation of this exclusion is the use of material witness laws to indefinitely detain Muslims in the so-called “War on Terror”
Levenson 02 Laurie, “Detention, Material Witnesses and the War on Terrorism,” Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review 35, p.1217-24

The War on Terrorism has capitalized on ... them to do, rather than what it can prove they have done.

Use of the material witness statute effectively guts ANY limitation on the arrest power of the federal government by erasing the boundary between “witness” and “criminal”
Bascuas 05 Ricardo, Assoc Prof of Law, “The Unconstitutionality of ‘Hold Until Cleared’,” Vanderbilt Law Review, p.lexis

Mistakenly believing that federal law ... prospective arrestee committed a crime.

Material witness arrests are targeted at Muslims because of unconscious fear and racialized cognitive biases
Gouldin 12 Lauryn, Assist. Prof of Law at Syracuse, “When Deference is Dangerous,” American Criminal Law Review 49, p.1360-7

Before evaluating the factors that ... against the threats posed by disfavored groups.”204

The threat of material witness detention is uniquely destructive to Muslim political existence due to the risk of guilt by association
Kreimer 04 Seth, Prof of Law at Penn, “Watching the Watchers,” Journal of Constitutional Law 7, p.164-8

Of more current sobering concern is ... witnesses from participating in dissenting activity.

The material witness statute is uniquely abusive because it gives the government a carte blanche
Studnicki and Apol 02 Stacey and John, “Witness Detention and Intimidation,” St. John’s Law Review 76.3, p.485-6

A material witness is an individual ... witness has committed a crime. 10

The exclusion of Arabs and Muslims from the political community is form of “scapegoat justice” that results in the solidification of an American imperialist identity
Denike 08, gender paraphrased Margaret, Assoc Prof of Political Theory, “The Human Rights of Others,” Hypatia 23.2, p.111-2

Exceptional responses to the other ... its on the right side of justice.

PLAN: United States federal courts should rule that the arrests of material witnesses in the so-called “war on terror” is unconstitutional.

Our plan is an imagination of ethical politics – we must imagine policies that confront unconscious cultural fears and open up possibilities to respond to the other
Oliver 07 Kelly, Prof of Philosophy at Vanderbilt, Women as Weapons of War, p.162-6

The freedom that comes from creating ... our hopes for peace "to the dogs.

Judicial review should be read as parataxis – court precedent is the scene of power and a necessary site of political agency and public memory
Anderson 95 Virginia, Assoc Prof of English, “Antithetical Ethics,” JAC 15.2, p.273-6

None of what the Constitution implies ... audience that tradition had produced.

The struggle against domination and violence requires a radical democratic politics committed to public engagement
Giroux 12 Henry, Waterbury Chair Professor of Secondary Education and Cultural Studies, “Can Democratic Education Survive in a Neoliberal Society?” http://truth-out.org/opinion/item/ 12126-can-democratic-education-survive-in-a-neoliberal-society

As governments globally give up ... of a truly global, democratic future.

We must reinvigorate the constitution as a site for social justice – the only way to make change is to reappropriate the terms of liberal democracy through rhetorical interventions
Anderson 95 Virginia, Assoc Prof of English, “Antithetical Ethics,” JAC 15.2, p.273-6

Hence, Burke's reading of the Constitution ... spaces that many others can share.

We have the best theory of persuasion – the only way to disturb sedimented assumptions about liberal democracy and the constitution is to reappropriate the terms
Anderson 95 Virginia, Assoc Prof of English, “Antithetical Ethics,” JAC 15.2, p.262-3

I take the goals of this critique ... back on themselves in fruitful ways.

Tournament: WSU | Round: 1 | Opponent: Mo State | Judge:
Life in the west is defined against the figure of the Muslim – The Muslim is seen as the embodiment of death as such, excluded from the ethical-political community
Goldberg 09 David, Prof of Comparative Lit at UC-Irvine, The Threat of Race, p. 163-8

The figure of the Muslim, alongside ... self not possible for the beast, or for the beastly in us. 

He continues…
Goldberg 09 David, Prof of Comparative Lit at UC-Irvine, The Threat of Race, p. 175-7

The shift in Europe’s dominant fixation ... American foreign adventure, the “new world,” in Bush braggadocio.

One manifestation of this exclusion is the use of material witness laws to indefinitely detain Muslims in the so-called “War on Terror”
Levenson 02 Laurie, “Detention, Material Witnesses and the War on Terrorism,” Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review 35, p.1217-24

The War on Terrorism has capitalized on ... them to do, rather than what it can prove they have done.

Use of the material witness statute effectively guts ANY limitation on the arrest power of the federal government by erasing the boundary between “witness” and “criminal”
Bascuas 05 Ricardo, Assoc Prof of Law, “The Unconstitutionality of ‘Hold Until Cleared’,” Vanderbilt Law Review, p.lexis

Mistakenly believing that federal law ... prospective arrestee committed a crime.

Material witness arrests are targeted at Muslims because of unconscious fear and racialized cognitive biases
Gouldin 12 Lauryn, Assist. Prof of Law at Syracuse, “When Deference is Dangerous,” American Criminal Law Review 49, p.1360-7

Before evaluating the factors that ... against the threats posed by disfavored groups.”204

The threat of material witness detention is uniquely destructive to Muslim political existence due to the risk of guilt by association
Kreimer 04 Seth, Prof of Law at Penn, “Watching the Watchers,” Journal of Constitutional Law 7, p.164-8

Of more current sobering concern is ... witnesses from participating in dissenting activity.

The material witness statute is uniquely abusive because it gives the government a carte blanche
Studnicki and Apol 02 Stacey and John, “Witness Detention and Intimidation,” St. John’s Law Review 76.3, p.485-6

A material witness is an individual ... witness has committed a crime. 10

The exclusion of Arabs and Muslims from the political community is form of “scapegoat justice” that results in the solidification of an American imperialist identity
Denike 08, gender paraphrased Margaret, Assoc Prof of Political Theory, “The Human Rights of Others,” Hypatia 23.2, p.111-2

Exceptional responses to the other ... its on the right side of justice.

PLAN: United States federal courts should rule that the arrests of material witnesses in the so-called “war on terror” is unconstitutional.

Our plan is an imagination of ethical politics – we must imagine policies that confront unconscious cultural fears and open up possibilities to respond to the other
Oliver 07 Kelly, Prof of Philosophy at Vanderbilt, Women as Weapons of War, p.162-6

The freedom that comes from creating ... our hopes for peace "to the dogs.

Judicial review should be read as parataxis – court precedent is the scene of power and a necessary site of political agency and public memory
Anderson 95 Virginia, Assoc Prof of English, “Antithetical Ethics,” JAC 15.2, p.273-6

None of what the Constitution implies ... audience that tradition had produced.

The struggle against domination and violence requires a radical democratic politics committed to public engagement
Giroux 12 Henry, Waterbury Chair Professor of Secondary Education and Cultural Studies, “Can Democratic Education Survive in a Neoliberal Society?” http://truth-out.org/opinion/item/ 12126-can-democratic-education-survive-in-a-neoliberal-society

As governments globally give up ... of a truly global, democratic future.

We must reinvigorate the constitution as a site for social justice – the only way to make change is to reappropriate the terms of liberal democracy through rhetorical interventions
Anderson 95 Virginia, Assoc Prof of English, “Antithetical Ethics,” JAC 15.2, p.273-6

Hence, Burke's reading of the Constitution ... spaces that many others can share.

We have the best theory of persuasion – the only way to disturb sedimented assumptions about liberal democracy and the constitution is to reappropriate the terms
Anderson 95 Virginia, Assoc Prof of English, “Antithetical Ethics,” JAC 15.2, p.262-3

I take the goals of this critique ... back on themselves in fruitful ways.

Tournament: Kansas state | Round: 5 | Opponent: na | Judge:
According to Linda Alcoff, a professor of philosophy who has described her lifeworld as being invisible to the world of public discourse, the entitlement to speak is not natural.  It is the product of certain “rituals of speaking” present in a given situation. The positionality of the speaker and nature of the discursive context predetermine the truth-value of what’s said.
Alcoff 92 Linda, Prof of Philosophy, “The Problem of Speaking for Others,” Cultural Critique 20, p.12-3

A plethora of sources have argued in this century that the neutrality of the theorizer
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claim marked their speech as dismissable in the eyes of the same milieu.
Rituals of speaking are part of a genocidal geo-politics of knowledge production.  National borders mark cultural and epistemic boundaries that disqualify non-European epistemologies and justify the eradication of difference.  
Mignolo and Tlostanova 06 Walter and Madina, Prof of Literature and Prof of the History of Culture, “Theorizing from the Borders,” European Journal of Social Theory, p.205-6, 208

The modern foundation of knowledge is territorial and imperial. By modern we mean the
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colonization of space and the invention of America that became integrated into a Christian
tripartite geo-political order: Asia, Africa and Europe. It was from
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colonial, shifting to the geo- and body-politics of knowledge.
They Continue…
Accordingly, our ?rst thesis is the following. ‘Borders’ are not only geographic
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democratization) or, in today’s language – by the globalization of culture.
There have long been teams in debate telling us that systems of privilege infect the ways we make arguments in debate.  Economic, racial, sexual, and other forms of cultural privilege help to produce subterranean biases in debate practice.  Even the very metaphor of “speaking” is itself a privileged notion, assuming certain norms of communication and action which marginalize the claims made by those without access to “speech.”  We would reject this metaphor out of hand if it weren’t for the fact that doing so would only further mask the privilege that does come from our ability to speak.  
As a white male in the United States, I am deemed as a subject capable of producing knowledge that should be listened to. I grew up in New Mexico, a state that is largely made up of impoverished people and racial minorities. Living in the Midwest, it is appalling to hear the biases that people have against “those job-taking Mexicans”, “those alcoholic native Americans”, “those uneducated poor people out in the desert”; people assume they have a right to make claims about these people whom they know nothing about. I have the privilege of being a white man, so I can go anywhere in the country and feel like I belong there, like I have a right to be there, while many of my friends from school, even my high school debate coach, are denied that privilege.
At its most basic, traditional debate presupposes the right to make claims on behalf of the federal government without ever asking why we get to do that. Many teams read evidence from John Rawls to justify their policy simulations.  Rawls argues that “citizens are to think of themselves as if they were legislators and ask themselves what statutes … they would think most reasonable to enact.”  Always glossed over when debaters read this evidence is the subject of Rawls’s sentence: it is the citizen who acts as if; it is the citizen who thinks reasonably; it is citizens who “view themselves as ideal … legislators.” I get to speak because I am a citizen and my speech forms the “social basis of liberal democracy.”   It is my nation that validates my speech
As white citizens in the United States, we are granted the privilege of having Habeas Corpus and we have a right to not being detained without charge. However, 166 bodies in Guantanamo Bay have been held for more than a decade, even though Bush, Obama, or both have cleared 86 for transfer.
Dianne Feinstein and Dick Durbin August 14, 2013  (Dianne Feinstein (D-Calif.) is chairwoman of the Senate Intelligence Committee. Dick Durbin (D-Ill.)
Guantanamo bay is the state of exception par excellence. Detainees are going to be held as long as there is a war on terrorism. Indefinite detention becomes infinite detention under the state of exception.
Judith Butler 2004 (Precarious Life – The Powers of Mourning and Violence P 61 – 65)
My own view is that a contemporary
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not subject to review, and not subject to appeal.
Being marked as dangerous is sufficient to justify continued detention regardless of acquittal by military tribunals. This decision is made behind closed doors by people not accountable to the public.
Judith Butler 2004 (Precarious Life – The Powers of Mourning and Violence P 57-59 )
With the publication of the new regulations
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of sovereignty in the midst of governmentality.
This biopolitical state of exception destroys the experience of being alive and ontologically erases history justifying continued violence.
Huysmans 08 Jef: chair of Security Studies at Open University, Professor of Security Studies
Politics and International Studies, director of the Centre for Citizenship, Identities, Governance (CCIG) at the Faculty of Social Sciences, PhD from the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (University of Leuven, Belgium. “The Jargon of Exception—On Schmitt, Agamben and the Absence of Political Society” International Political Sociology (2008) 2, 165–183.
To understand the implication of inserting pure life
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between life and collective ends
Abdelhadi Faraj is Detainee number 329 at Guantanamo bay. As a Syrian national who has been in U.S. custody since 2002, his voice is silenced and ignored. Life in prison is marked by continued torture and oppression. He demands prisoners cleared for release, be released otherwise they should be brought to trial.
Abdelhadi Faraj 2013 (Prisoner number 329 at Guantanamo Bay, a Syrian national who has been in U.S. custody since 2002 and Faraj was cleared for release by a U.S. government interagency taskforce in 2010, yet he remains imprisoned at Guantánamo today; “A Letter From Guantanamo” http://www.huffingtonpost.com/abdelhadi-faraj/guantanamo-hunger-strike_b_3536463.html
This is my call to the outside world
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protesting until our demands for justice are met
These legal benefits fail to understand how deeply inscribed bare life is onto the body. Before the law, these detainees are further inscribed into a biopolitical network of surveillance.
Shomura 10 Chad: Johns Hopkins graduate school – political science “"These Are Bad People" -Enemy Combatants and the Homopolitics of the "War on Terror"” Theory and Event. 13(1) 2010. Project Muse. http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/theory_and_event/v013/13.1.shomura.html
While it remains questionable whether a singular life
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captured and produced as dangerous Others.
In an attempt to unlearn our privilege and learn to occupy the subject position of the other, we are resolved that the United States Congress should substantially increase statutory restrictions on the war powers authority of the President of the United States by requiring that people detained indefinitely at Guantanamo Bay either receive civilian trials or be released.
If we cannot claim to “know” the other through our acts of representation, then what are we supposed to do?
We’re in a double bind.  On the one hand, failure to heed the perspectives of the other will ensure the continuation of structures of oppression, but on the other hand, there is no guarantee that our representations won’t themselves also be in line with imperialist discourse.  There is no easy answer.  Speaking for others and speaking about them are deeply intertwined.  Spivak suggests a strategy of “unlearning our privilege as loss.”  We need to learn to occupy the subject position of the other, which can only be accomplished through a historical critique of our own positions as investigating persons.
Spivak 90 Gayatri, Prof of English at Columbia, The Post-Colonial Critic, p.56, 62-3, 121-2
When I criticized Foucault
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self-congratulation, and fun for some people.
Standard practice would ask us to defend this “as if” it were implemented by that body in Washington DC.  Debaters remove the content of what is said AWAY from the subject who speaks and the context it’s spoken in. This reestablishes the privilege of the speaking subject by rendering their positionality transparent and foreclosing an analysis of the speaking situation.

It is not enough to evaluate the content of each team’s claims to decide whose arguments are better reasoned or researched.  Nor can we decide based on whose idea would be best in some hypothetical world of fiat.  Instead, the criteria for evaluation must be whether the effects of their speech help to reconfigure the rituals of speaking in debate in such a way as to ally it with resistance to oppression
Alcoff 92 Linda, Prof of Philosophy, “The Problem of Speaking for Others,” Cultural Critique 20, p.14-5
Let me return now to the formulation of the problem
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politics of the situation