Tournament: Emporia | Round: Quarters | Opponent: UMKC JW | Judge: Chase, Bunas, J Taylor
Black captivity is the obscene underside of democracy – it is a prepolitical gratuitous violence that structures American society
Sexton and Lee 06 Jared (African American Stud. at UC-Irvine) and Elizabeth (Dept of Geography at Univ of British Columbia), “Figuring the Prison: Prerequisites of Torture at Abu Ghraib,” Antipode, p.1012-4

Even if we can agree that Abu Ghraib is more than a symptom of the
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so-called post-civil rights era) (Nast 2000).13

The Aff’s focus on imperialism abroad is methodologically bankrupt – it obscures the anti-black production of a white home front as the foundation of American military exceptionalism
Loyd 10 Jenna, Dept of Geography at Syracuse, “’Peace is Our Only Shelter’: Questioning Domesticities of Militarization and White Privilege,” Antipode 43.3, p.867-8

What does this all mean for antiwar mobilization now? Antiwar strategies that organize around
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justice within militarized landscapes of social reproduction mean nothing less than urban revolution.

The kritik must come first – state repression and violence can ONLY be truly understood and challenged from the structural position of black abjection
Sexton 10 Jared, Prof of African American Studies at UC-Irvine, “People-of-Color-Blindness: Notes on the Afterlife of Slavery,” Social Text 28.2, p.48-9

The upshot of this predicament is that obscuring the structural position of the category of
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it no doubt would entail nothing less momentous than yet another revolution.78

Tournament: Kentucky | Round: 6 | Opponent: Mich State BS | Judge: Gonzalez
The affirmative relies on legal authorization to enter troops into hostilities – this treats troops as technical biopolitical objects of management whose operations on the ground must be legally enabled which justifies intervention in the future as long as its legally sanctioned – that turns case
Morrissey 11 John: Lecturer in Political and Cultural Geography at The National University of Ireland, Director of the MA in Environment, Society and Development   “Liberal lawfare and biopolitics: US juridical warfare in the war
on terror,” Geopolitics, 16(2): 280-305.
Foucault’s envisioning of a more governmentalized and securitized modernity, framed by a¶ ubiquitous
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modalities of power and management on the ground for any future interventionary action.

Tournament: UMKC | Round: 2 | Opponent: KCKCC GG | Judge: Deven Cooper
Their atrocities are not chosen arbitrarily. Just like the war tourist who seeks the most “authentic” experience of horror, the affirmative takes us a tour of only the most brutally “real” experiences of war.
SCHWENKEL 2006 (Christina, Stanford, “Recombinant History: Transnational Practices of Memory and Knowledge Production in Contemporary Vietnam”, Cultural Anthropology, v.21, issue 1, pp3-30)

Foreigners who came to Vietnam searching for physical traces and remnants of  the war were
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evoke the past in the present (Kirshenblatt-Gimblett  1998:20). 

Spanos’s ontological focus justifies nazism
Perkin 93 (Theorizing the Culture Wars Dr. J. Russell Postmodern Culture http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/postmodern_culture/v003/3.3r_perkin.html)

Spanos's extensive reliance on Heidegger raises a political question that he doesn't adequately face.
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, surely the question of his politics should be faced directly in this book

there solvency mechanism to remember specters recreates the violence as memory seeks to recreate domination  over time. Forgetting the affirmative’s call to disrupt the hegemonic machine is a better means of solvency.
ZUPAN?I? 2K3alenka, “The Shortest Shadow: Nietzsche’s Philosophy of the Two,” 57-60

This is perhaps the moment to examine in more detail what Nietzschean “forgetting”
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—precisely through its “closure”—the possibility of a new one. 

The affirmative’s Postmodern identity politics and affirmation of a plurality of subjectivities makes it impossible for politics to oppose capital’s homogenizing force. This coopts there solvency for case.
Slavoj Zizek, Senior Researcher at the Institute for Social Studies in Ljubljana, 2000, Contingency, Hegemony, Universality, p. 107-108

So, again, crucial in Laclau’s theoretical edifice is the paradigmatically Kantian co-
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capitalist society) and a more fundamental exclusion which sustains this very field?

Tournament: Kentucky | Round: 3 | Opponent: houston | Judge: russell
All of their truth claims should be suspect – patriarchy deceptively morphs every new policy to further masculine privileging. The aff’s patriarchal knowledge production should be rejected.
Enloe 04 Professor of Women’s Studies at Clark University, 2004 Cynthia, The Curious Feminist, page 4-7
Patriarchy - patriarchy is the structural and ideological system that perpetuates the privileging of masculinity
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of that privileging depends on controlling women or drawing them into complicity. 

War is unbounded. The weapons of violence are interlocked with institutions of violence. The aff’s belief that it can challenge 1 part of the system effectively IS part of the institutionalization of war.
Cohn in 2003 Director of the Consortium on Gender, Security and Human Rights, and Ruddick, taught philosophy, peace studies, and feminist theory at the New School University, 03 (Carol and Sara, ‘A Feminist Ethical Perspective on Weapons of Mass Destruction’, Boston Consortium on Gender, Security, and Human Rights, www.genderandsecurity.umb.edu/director.htm
It is not that we fail to distinguish between war and peace, or make
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to force, to resist or accept the war plans put before them.
Focusing on issues of state-based security such as nuclear war leads to the privatization and silencing of violence against women. Discussions of structural violence are relegated to the level of worthlessness in politics.
Enloe 04 Professor of Women’s Studies at Clark University, 2004 Cynthia, The Curious Feminist, page 73-74
Violence against women almost everywhere has
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the trivializers' twentieth-century successors who would think to add "lesbian".
Patriarchal hierarchies are the root cause of international violence
Runyan 94 Professor and former Head, Department of Women's, Gender, and Sexuality Studies, University of Cincinnati 1994 Anne Sisson Women, Gender, and World Politics: Perspectives, Policies, and Prospects Page 202 – 203
These hierarchies of men over women and
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same thing--a hierarchy grounded in and perpetuated by sexual dominance." 4
Our alternative is a prerequisite to the aff – we must ask the question of the alternative before we can answer the questions presented be the affirmative
Tickner 01 professor in the School of International Relations at USC-LA 2001 J. Ann Gendering World Politics: Issues and Approaches in the Post-Cold War Era page 138-139
When presenting their work to IR audiences, IR feminists are frequently asked how their
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constrained at times that traditional history has marked as the most progressive. 31

Tournament: USC | Round: 2 | Opponent: Kansas BC | Judge:
The affirmative relies on metaphysical Western thought – having as its goal the pacification and colonization of all Beings, standing above the world, attempting to reduce everything into objects, like pieces on a game board, rendering them an exploitable standing reserve.
Spanos 2000 William, Prof of English, America’s Shadow: An Anatomy of Empire, p. 9-11
Metaphysics, therefore, in its …. dominant, that is, Western, order.
The 1AC relation to the environment continues the drive for control and domination. The planet is reduced to a calculative value within the context of human action.  This reduces all beings to objects and renders humanity a mere resource to be consumed.
DeLuca 05 (Kevin Micheal, prof of comm and ecology @ U of Georgia) Thinking with Heidegger: Rethinking Environmental Theory and Practice Ethics and the Environment 10.1 (2005) 67-87)
The first stasis point revolves …  to the service of a ravenous progress.

Technological solutions do not challenge the broader problems in civilization. Treaties are just apart of the same technocentric desire to manage the world, which misses the existing patterns of production and consumption.
Crist 2006 (Eileen, prof. of Science and Technology in Society @ Virginia Tech “Beyond the Climate Crisis: a Critique of Climate Change Discourse,” Telos 141, Winter, pg. 29-55, Online) 

While the dangers of climate ….  from impending tipping points.21
A world subsumed by calculative technological thought destroys our ontological relationship with Being. Our instant access to everything as a tool for use obliterates the essential being of all things making even total planetary destruction a radically less important issue and a likely inevitability.
gender paraphrased
Caputo 93 (john, Demythologizing Heidegger, p. 136-41)
The essence of technology is …. essential, authentic, ontological destruction.

Our alternative is “Releasement towards things” and “openness to the mystery.” We do not demand answers – we wait.  We must will to not will – this is a reorientation of our comportment toward the world.
Meditative thinking is key to solve. Remaining in the shackles of technological thought recreates the problems of warming
Housman and Flynn 11 Benjamin H. Housman and Thomas R. Flynn “Cooling Down Global Warming: Revisiting Sartre and Heidegger on this Modern Day Challenge” The ‘Step Back’ as a ‘Step Towards’ Confronting Global April 14, 2011 MV
E. The ‘Step Back’ as a ‘….  comes with it, namely global warming.

Tournament: UMKC | Round: 2 | Opponent: KCKCC GG | Judge: Deven Cooper
We begin by examining identity as it applies to Native American communities. Sandra Grande tells us “American Indians are not like other subjugated groups struggling to define their place within the larger democratic project. Specifically, they do not seek greater “inclusion”; rather, they are engaged in a perpetual struggle to have their legal and moral claims to sovereignty recognized.” More specifically, Native American communities must navigate stable, and concrete markers of identity such as federal recognition and land rights before they can approach the question of identity. Any theory of identity including the aff that fails to deal with the unique situation of Native Americans – the struggle to gain sovereignty over their very identities and cultures – is at best horribly incomplete and at worst a whitestream reality that reinforces capitalist encroachment upon indigenous culture.
GRANDE 4 (Sandy, assoc prof  @ UConn, “Red Pedagogy: Native American Social and Political Thought” pp. 91-123)
The above indicators position American Indians in a wholly unique and paradoxical relationship
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to provide any valuable insights into the paradox of American Indian identity formation. 

It is not the problem of federal recognition that makes unstable identity dangerous for Native Americans.  Ethnic fraud, vogueing, and appropriation function in tandem with capitalistic forces of dependency and cooption to dilute and pilfer Native culture, making it necessary that indigenous peoples’ use concrete markers of identity such as plenary power and reservation borders to fend off such encroachments at both the material and epistemological levels.  In other words, stable identity is a prerequisite to any attempt at liberation and sovereignty in the case of Native Americans.
GRANDE 4 (Sandy, assoc prof  @ UConn, “Red Pedagogy: Native American Social and Political Thought” pp. 91-123)
While Nagel makes strong arguments for the three factors she identifies, she ignores the
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and metaphoric spaces that differentiate Indian country from the rest of whitestream America. 

The implication to the deconstruction of identity is not ephemeral or theoretical. At stake is the literal extinction of indigenous cultures.
GRANDE 00 (Sandy Marie Anglás, “American Indian Georgraphies of Identity and Power: At the Crossroads of Indígena and Mestizaje” Harvard Educational Review, Vol.70. No.4, Winter, pp. 467-98) 

Indigenous scholar Devon Mihesuah (1998) examines the notion of "tradition" in
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from annihilation or its modern counterpart, categoric absorption into the democratic

Tournament: Emporia | Round: Semis | Opponent: UCO | Judge: Garcia, Vega, J Taylor
Emily and I playfully submit for deliberation: In the next available test case, the Supreme Court of the United States should rule that targeted killings authorized by the President of the United States require the application of due process absent the role of the ballot presented in the 1AC. 

The ROB they advocate preconstructs the debate from above – rendering the space knowable and controllable.  
Spanos 2000 William, Prof of English, America’s Shadow: An Anatomy of Empire, p. 9-11

Metaphysics, therefore, in its post-Greek, that is, Roman,
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hegemonic) discourse of the dominant, that is, Western, order.

Tournament: Wake | Round: 2 | Opponent: Houston LR | Judge: Christopher Thomas
We perform part of Valerie Solanas' SCUM Manifesto.

Our 1NC adaptation of Valerie Solanas’s SCUM Manifesto is a reclamation of the radical potential of feminist politics.  Women’s speech has been excluded from the political imaginary as nothing more than whiny complaining, as a repetitive “nagging” that can be dismissed as inconsequential.  This is because the bourgeois white male is naturalized as the symbolic figure of political agency through the invisibility of its body.  Our performance makes the male body visible, opening new possibilities for political agency.
Deem 96 Melissa, Prof of Comm. at Univ. of New Hampshire, “From Bobbitt to SCUM:  Re-memberment, Scatological Rhetorics, and Feminist Strategies in the Contemporary United States” Public Culture p.511-3

Feminists writing today are all too aware of the "cramped space- of feminist
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the field of reference for feminist political discourses operating in a cramped space.

The scatological rhetoric of the manifesto is necessary to cut through the bullshit.  It is indecorous and excessive and therefore pushes the male body out into the open.  This is the only way to force the majoritarian subject to feel upon his body the violence that minority groups traditionally suffer within the dominant landscape.
Deem 96 Melissa, Prof of Comm. at Univ. of New Hampshire, “From Bobbitt to SCUM:  Re-memberment, Scatological Rhetorics, and Feminist Strategies in the Contemporary United States” Public Culture p.524-5

For the purpose of my reading, I situate the SCUM Manifesto, a minor
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cunning of the patriarchal public sphere erected on the pathology of heterosexual desire.

Tournament: UMKC | Round: 4 | Opponent: Whitman | Judge: quigley
Their impact claims of war and conflict are not objective – they are produced by the specific history of the observer and the drive for state security
David Grondin 2004 (Masters in Political Science and Ph.D. Candidate – University of Ottawa, “(Re)Writing the ‘National Security State,’ Center for United States Studies, p. 12-17)
 Approaches that deconstruct theoretical practices in order to disclose what is hidden in the
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danger through foreign policy that the state’s very conditions of existence are generated18. 

The affirmative’s technologized war-at-a-distance normalizes violence in the context of the everyday lives of warfighters and warplanners.
Pugliese 11 (Joseph Pugliese Research Director of the Department of Media, Music, Communication and Cultural Studies Macquarie University  "Prosthetics of Law and the Anomic Violence of Drones."  20 Griffeth L. Rev. 931 2011)
The ensconcing of war operations, and the everyday deployment of lethal drone attacks,
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people where names were unknown created a serious risk of killing innocent people."

The process of security leads to unending violence and wars against populations of created threats
Duschinski 2009 – Assistant Prof of Sociology and Anthropology, Ohio University (Haley, “Destiny Effects: Militarization, State Power, and Punitive Containment in Kashmir Valley.” Anthropological Quarterly, Volume 82, Number 3, Summer 2009, Project MUSE)
Patterns of war emerging in particular local worlds are tied to larger transformations in political
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with less than human respect and dignity" (Stephen 2000:823).
Our alternative is to give back the gift of security. This reorients our conception of politics away from the realist state terrain that guarantees violence.
Neocleous 08. ( Mark Neocleous is a Professor of the critique of Political Economy at Brunel University, UK and a member of the Editorial Collective of “Radical Philosophy”. Critique of Security. 186)
Simon Dalby reports a personal communication with Michael Williams, co-editor of the
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state; it requires us to be brave enough to return the gift.

Tournament: UMKC | Round: 7 | Opponent: many | Judge: many
Modern politics is a biopolitics – as the state of exception becomes the rule, and life becomes the primary political value, there is gradual convergence between democracy and totalitarianism
Agamben 98 Giorgio, Prof of Aesthetics, Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life, p.12-3
The Foucauldian thesis will then have to be corrected or, at least, completed
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the human race” (L’espe`ce humaine, p. II).
The law can’t constrain the law – the affirmative’s attempt to use law to constrain the military is simply another securitization mechanism to wage a biopolitical war. This is evidenced by the affirmative’s impact scenarios that still rely on endless emergency to justify their actions.
Morrissey 11 John: Lecturer in Political and Cultural Geography at The National University of Ireland, Director of the MA in Environment, Society and Development   “Liberal lawfare and biopolitics: US juridical warfare in the war
on terror,” Geopolitics, 16(2): 280-305.
The US military’s liberal lawfare reveals how the rule of law is simply another securitization
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by¶ the perennial political economic ‘need’ to securitize volatility and threat.

Relegating existence to bare life destroys politics and relegates beings to nothing but biology, which destroys the experience of being human and ontologically erases history. This destruction of life ends in annihilation of everything.
Huysmans 08 Jef: chair of Security Studies at Open University, Professor of Security Studies
Politics and International Studies, director of the Centre for Citizenship, Identities, Governance (CCIG) at the Faculty of Social Sciences, PhD from the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (University of Leuven, Belgium. “The Jargon of Exception—On Schmitt, Agamben and the Absence of Political Society” International Political Sociology (2008) 2, 165–183.
To understand the implication of inserting pure life as the defining category¶ of exceptional
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sociality structured¶ through various processes that mediate between life and collective ends.

We must produce a state of counter-emergency that suspends the efficacy of the sovereign exception.  Use the ballot as an argument within the debate to create a real state of exception that excepts the biopolitical strategies of control and management
Berlant 05 Lauren, Prof of English, “The Face of America and the State of Emergency,” Popular Culture: a Reader, ed. Guins and Cruz, p.309-10
The tradition of the oppressed teaches us that the ‘state of emergency’ in which
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apparatus claims to be representing.
She also writes in ‘96…
Berlant 96 Lauren, Prof of English, “The Face of America and the State of Emergency,” Disciplinarity and Dissent in Cultural Studies, ed. Nelson and Gaonkar, p. 405-6
Explicating this ejection of a non-conjugal and non-mass-mediated public
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of maneuver, an uncivil war that is currently raging everywhere around us.

Tournament: UMKC | Round: 2 | Opponent: KCKCC GG | Judge: Deven Cooper
We are privileged, but our entitlement to speak is not natural.  It is the product of certain “rituals of speaking” present in a given situation. Factors such as the positionality of the speaker and the nature of the discursive context predetermine the truth-value of what gets said.
Alcoff 92 Linda, Prof of Philosophy, “The Problem of Speaking for Others,” Cultural Critique 20, p.12-3
A plethora of sources have argued in this century that the neutrality of the theorizer
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claim marked their speech as dismissable in the eyes of the same milieu.
Describing others inevitably constitutes speaking in place of them.
Alcoff 95
Linda Alcoff, Professor of Philosophy, Women's Studies and Political Science, Director of Women’s Studies, Syracuse University, 1995, Linda Martin-Alcoff, “The Problem of Speaking for Others,” http://www.alcoff.com/content/speaothers.html.
So the question arises about whether all instances of speaking for should be condemned and
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problematic, so too must be the practice of speaking about others.8 

US visions of “freedom” rely on the concrete experiences of the subaltern… viewing women and men in the region as oppressed, backwards, and in need of saving. This ventriloquism of the other is the strategy of capitalist neocolonialism.
Spivak 99 Gayatri, Prof of English at Columbia, A Critique of Postcolonial Reason, p.254-5
It is not surprising, therefore, that upon the empirical register of resistance-
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the postcolonial migrant become the norm, thus occluding the native once again.
Discussions of the Middle East is one arena where effects of power imbalances are shown - Scholarship on the Middle East has been divorced of engagement with colonial modernity…. Contributing to ethnocentric knowledge production – justifying a “feminist civilizing mission” by the West
Moallem 01 Minoo:  “Middle Eastern Studies, Feminism, and Globalization” Signs, Vol. 26, No. 4, Globalization and Gender (Summer, 2001), pp. 1265-1268 JSTOR.

Middle Eastern studies does not engage in a dialogue with three traditions of scholarship:
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of tradition and modernity that create legitimacy for a "feminist civilizing mission."

So if we cannot claim to “know” the other through our acts of representation, then what are we supposed to do?

We’re in a double bind.  On the one hand, failure heed the perspectives of the other will ensure the continuation of structures of oppression, but on the other hand, there is no guarantee that our representations won’t themselves also be in line with imperialist discourse.  There is no easy answer.  Speaking for others and speaking about them are deeply intertwined.  Spivak suggests a strategy of “unlearning our privilege as loss.”  We need to learn to occupy the subject position of the other, which can only be accomplished through a historical critique of our own positions as investigating persons.
Spivak 90 Gayatri, Prof of English at Columbia, The Post-Colonial Critic, p.56, 62-3, 121-2
When I criticized Foucault in my talk in Melbourne, I was not suggesting that
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Foucault's critique of the watershed intellectual and make Foucault into a watershed intellectual!
She Continues…
It is a problem that is very close to my heart because I teach,
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probably be made welcome, and can hope to be judged with respect.
She Continues…
Through you one can see the problem without any interference, and this is a
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, to irresponsibility, self-congratulation, and fun for some people.