Tournament: CSUN | Round: 2 | Opponent: Fresno HT | Judge: Michael Eisenstadt
1NC A – Interpretation:
Topical affirmatives must affirm the current resolution as specified in the tournament invite, Resolved: The United States Federal Government should substantially increase statutory and/or judicial restrictions on the war powers authority of the President of the United States on one or more of the following categories: targeted killing, indefinite detention, offensive cyber operations, or introduction of armed forces into hostilities.
B – Definitions
Should denotes an expectation of enacting a plan
American Heritage Dictionary 2000 (Dictionary.com)

should. The will to do something or have something take place: I shall go out if I feel like it.  
Federal government is the central government in Washington DC
Encarta Online 2005,
http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_1741500781_6/United_States_(Government).html#howtocite
United States (Government), the combination of federal, state, and local laws, bodies, and agencies that is responsible for carrying out the operations of the United States. The federal government of the United States is centered in Washington, D.C.
Resolved implies a policy
Louisiana House 3-8-2005, http://house.louisiana.gov/house-glossary.htm
Resolution  A legislative instrument that generally is used for making declarations,  stating policies,
AND
, 13.1 , 6.8 , and 7.4) 

C – Vote neg –
First is Decisionmaking
The primary purpose of debate should be to improve our skills as decision-makers.   We are all individual policy-makers who make choices every day that affect us and those around us.  We have an obligation to the people affected by our decisions to use debate as a method for honing these critical thinking and information processing abilities.  
Austin J. Freeley and David L. Steinberg – John Carroll University / U Miami – 2009, Argumentation and Debate: Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making, p. 1-4, googlebooks
After several days of intense debate, first the United States House of Representatives and
AND
customer for out product, or a vote for our favored political candidate.

Specifically, through discussing paths of government action, debate teaches us to be better organizational decision makers. Learning about the uniquely different considerations of organizations is necessary to affecting change in a world overwhelmingly dominated by institutions.
Algoso 2011 – Masters in Public Administration (May 31, Dave, “Why I got an MPA: Because organizations matter” http://findwhatworks.wordpress.com/2011/05/31/why-i-got-an-mpa-because-organizations-matter/)

Because organizations matter. Forget the stories of heroic individuals written in your middle school
AND
right program for you and use your time well, can do both.

Additionally, The best route to improving decision-making is through discussion about public policy
A. Mutually accessible information – There is a wide swath of literature on governmental policy topics – that ensures there will be informed, predictable, and in-depth debate over the aff’s decision.  Individual policymaking is highly variable depending on the person and inaccessible to outsiders.
B. Harder decisions make better decisionmakers – The problems facing public policymakers are a magnitude greater than private decisions.  We all know plans don’t actually happen, but practicing imagining the consequences of our decisions in the high-stakes games of public policymaking makes other decisionmaking easier.  
C. External actors – the decisions we make should be analyzed not in a vacuum but in the complex social field that surrounds us

Second is Predictable Limits - The resolution proposes the question the negative is prepared to answer and creates a bounded list of potential affs for us to think about.  Debate has unique potential to change attitudes and grow critical thinking skills because it forces pre-round internal deliberation on a of a focused, common ground of debate
Robert E. Goodin and Simon J. Niemeyer- Australian National University- 2003,
When Does Deliberation Begin? Internal Reflection versus Public Discussion in Deliberative Democracy, POLITICAL STUDIES: 2003 VOL 51, 627–649, http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.0032-3217.2003.00450.x/pdf
What happened in this particular case, as in any particular case, was in
AND
least one possible way of doing that for each of those key features.

Our method solves – Even if the resolution is wrong, having a devil’s advocate in deliberation is vitally important to critical thinking skills and avoiding groupthink
Hugo Mercier and Hélène Landemore- 2011
(Philosophy, Politics and Economics prof @ U of Penn, Poli Sci prof @  Yale), Reasoning is for arguing: Understanding the successes and failures of deliberation, Political Psychology, http://sites.google.com/site/hugomercier/publications
Reasoning can function outside of its normal conditions when it is used purely internally.
AND
(e.g. Schweiger, Sandberg, and Ragan, 1986).

Dramatic Chipmunk 1NC (1/5)
Being rock, gas, mist, mind,
Being the mesons traveling the galaxies with the speed of light,
I have come here, my beloved.
I have manifested as trees, grass, butterflies, as single-celled beings and chrysanthemums;
but you tell me you have never died.

Start your decision with a recognition of your connection to more than human others.  Beginning with the human social betrays your anthropocentric bias and reinforces the root cause of violence. 

Rose 6 (Rebecca, Lecturer in Literature for Trinity College Foundation Studies, The University of Melbourne, 2006, COLLOQUY text theory critique  12shree)

In recent decades concern for the human-human relationship has brought attention to the
AND
to a design that has been billions of years in the making.29 

Vote negative to reject their egocentric and human centric ethics in favor of an ecocentric ethic that starts by emphasizing the intrinsic values of Earth’s geoecosystem.

Rowe 3 (Stan, retired ecology teacher, prof emeritus at the U of Saskatchewan, The Trumpeter  Volume 19, Number 2shree)

Ethical systems express human values, which is to say that only what is valued
AND
, ethics will be ecocentric, home-centred, an Ecological Ethics.

Tournament: CSUN | Round: 3 | Opponent: Fresno CB | Judge: Lee Thatch
Same as round 1, not sure though. I'll update if its not. - BVG

Tournament: CSUN | Round: 5 | Opponent: Pepperdine ER | Judge: Omar Guevara
1NC
1NC A – Interpretation:
Topical affirmatives must affirm the current resolution as specified in the tournament invite, Resolved: The United States Federal Government should substantially increase statutory and/or judicial restrictions on the war powers authority of the President of the United States on one or more of the following categories: targeted killing, indefinite detention, offensive cyber operations, or introduction of armed forces into hostilities.
B – Definitions
Should denotes an expectation of enacting a plan
American Heritage Dictionary 2000 (Dictionary.com)

should. The will to do something or have something take place: I shall go out if I feel like it.  
Federal government is the central government in Washington DC
Encarta Online 2005,
http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_1741500781_6/United_States_(Government).html#howtocite
United States (Government), the combination of federal, state, and local laws, bodies, and agencies that is responsible for carrying out the operations of the United States. The federal government of the United States is centered in Washington, D.C.
Resolved implies a policy
Louisiana House 3-8-2005, http://house.louisiana.gov/house-glossary.htm
Resolution  A legislative instrument that generally is used for making declarations,  stating policies,
AND
, 13.1 , 6.8 , and 7.4) 

C – Vote neg –
First is Decisionmaking
The primary purpose of debate should be to improve our skills as decision-makers.   We are all individual policy-makers who make choices every day that affect us and those around us.  We have an obligation to the people affected by our decisions to use debate as a method for honing these critical thinking and information processing abilities.  
Austin J. Freeley and David L. Steinberg – John Carroll University / U Miami – 2009, Argumentation and Debate: Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making, p. 1-4, googlebooks
After several days of intense debate, first the United States House of Representatives and
AND
customer for out product, or a vote for our favored political candidate.

Specifically, through discussing paths of government action, debate teaches us to be better organizational decision makers. Learning about the uniquely different considerations of organizations is necessary to affecting change in a world overwhelmingly dominated by institutions.
Algoso 2011 – Masters in Public Administration (May 31, Dave, “Why I got an MPA: Because organizations matter” http://findwhatworks.wordpress.com/2011/05/31/why-i-got-an-mpa-because-organizations-matter/)

Because organizations matter. Forget the stories of heroic individuals written in your middle school
AND
right program for you and use your time well, can do both.

Additionally, The best route to improving decision-making is through discussion about public policy
A. Mutually accessible information – There is a wide swath of literature on governmental policy topics – that ensures there will be informed, predictable, and in-depth debate over the aff’s decision.  Individual policymaking is highly variable depending on the person and inaccessible to outsiders.
B. Harder decisions make better decisionmakers – The problems facing public policymakers are a magnitude greater than private decisions.  We all know plans don’t actually happen, but practicing imagining the consequences of our decisions in the high-stakes games of public policymaking makes other decisionmaking easier.  
C. External actors – the decisions we make should be analyzed not in a vacuum but in the complex social field that surrounds us

Second is Predictable Limits - The resolution proposes the question the negative is prepared to answer and creates a bounded list of potential affs for us to think about.  Debate has unique potential to change attitudes and grow critical thinking skills because it forces pre-round internal deliberation on a of a focused, common ground of debate
Robert E. Goodin and Simon J. Niemeyer- Australian National University- 2003,
When Does Deliberation Begin? Internal Reflection versus Public Discussion in Deliberative Democracy, POLITICAL STUDIES: 2003 VOL 51, 627–649, http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.0032-3217.2003.00450.x/pdf
What happened in this particular case, as in any particular case, was in
AND
least one possible way of doing that for each of those key features.

Our method solves – Even if the resolution is wrong, having a devil’s advocate in deliberation is vitally important to critical thinking skills and avoiding groupthink
Hugo Mercier and Hélène Landemore- 2011
(Philosophy, Politics and Economics prof @ U of Penn, Poli Sci prof @  Yale), Reasoning is for arguing: Understanding the successes and failures of deliberation, Political Psychology, http://sites.google.com/site/hugomercier/publications
Reasoning can function outside of its normal conditions when it is used purely internally.
AND
(e.g. Schweiger, Sandberg, and Ragan, 1986).

Dramatic Chipmunk 1NC (1/5)
Being rock, gas, mist, mind,
Being the mesons traveling the galaxies with the speed of light,
I have come here, my beloved.
I have manifested as trees, grass, butterflies, as single-celled beings and chrysanthemums;
but you tell me you have never died.

Start your decision with a recognition of your connection to more than human others.  Beginning with the human social betrays your anthropocentric bias and reinforces the root cause of violence. 

Rose 6 (Rebecca, Lecturer in Literature for Trinity College Foundation Studies, The University of Melbourne, 2006, COLLOQUY text theory critique  12shree)

In recent decades concern for the human-human relationship has brought attention to the
AND
to a design that has been billions of years in the making.29 

Vote negative to reject their egocentric and human centric ethics in favor of an ecocentric ethic that starts by emphasizing the intrinsic values of Earth’s geoecosystem.

Rowe 3 (Stan, retired ecology teacher, prof emeritus at the U of Saskatchewan, The Trumpeter  Volume 19, Number 2shree)

Ethical systems express human values, which is to say that only what is valued
AND
, ethics will be ecocentric, home-centred, an Ecological Ethics.
?
The 50 states and all relevant U.S. territories should change its definition of marriage to being a legal union between any two consenting adults.

NB is politics

Iran negotiating now – deal in the works
Erdbrink 10/15/13 (Thomas, Tehran bureau chief, The New York Times, “Iran Presents Nuclear Plan to Big Powers,” http://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/16/world/middleeast/in-new-nuclear-talks-technological-gains-by-iran-pose-challenges-to-the-west.html) BVG
GENEVA — Speaking in English and using PowerPoint, Iran’s foreign minister outlined a proposal
AND
we can make a final conclusion to see if we had any progress.”

Deal can prevent Iranian nukes but political capital is key
NIAC 10/16/13 (National Iranian American Council, the National Iranian American Council (NIAC) is a non-partisan, non-political, non-sectarian, and non-profit educational organization dedicated to promoting Iranian-American participation in American civic life, NIAC Press Release, “NIAC Applauds US-Iran Diplomatic Progress, Warns Congress Against Sabotaging a Deal,” http://www.niacouncil.org/site/News2?page=NewsArticleandid=9893andsecurity=1andnews_iv_ctrl=-1) BVG

Washington, DC - The National Iranian American Council released the following statement after the
AND
sabotage talks and box the U.S. into a military confrontation.

LINK – Changing the definition of marriage causes the GOP to flip out – drains PC

Failure to resolve the nuclear crises leads to US-Iran War
Parsi ’12 (Trita Parsi, 03/23/12, President of the National Iranian American Council, The Daily Beast, “Sanctions Make War More Likely,” http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2012/03/20/sanctions-will-lead-to-war-not-prevent-it.html) BVG
"If you don’t support sanctions, you’re not in the game," a prominent
AND
set the entry fee for Washington’s debate on Iran must acknowledge this reality.
?
US-Iran war goes nuclear and draws in other countries –multiple scenarios for extinction
Chossudovsky -06 (Michel Chossudovsky, The Next Phase of the Middle East War, Global Research, http://www.globalresearch.ca/index.php?context=vaandaid=3147)
The Bush Administration has embarked upon a military adventure which threatens the future of humanity
AND
basin, eventually leading to the destabilization and conquest of the Russian Federation.

Tournament: Districts | Round: 3 | Opponent: Everybody | Judge: D1
1NC A – Interpretation:
Topical affirmatives must affirm the current resolution as specified in the tournament invite, Resolved: The United States Federal Government should substantially increase statutory and/or judicial restrictions on the war powers authority of the President of the United States on one or more of the following categories: targeted killing, indefinite detention, offensive cyber operations, or introduction of armed forces into hostilities.
B – Definitions
Should denotes an expectation of enacting a plan
American Heritage Dictionary 2000 (Dictionary.com)

should. The will to do something or have something take place: I shall go out if I feel like it.  
Federal government is the central government in Washington DC
Encarta Online 2005,
http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_1741500781_6/United_States_(Government).html#howtocite
United States (Government), the combination of federal, state, and local laws, bodies, and agencies that is responsible for carrying out the operations of the United States. The federal government of the United States is centered in Washington, D.C.
Resolved implies a policy
Louisiana House 3-8-2005, http://house.louisiana.gov/house-glossary.htm
Resolution  A legislative instrument that generally is used for making declarations,  stating policies,
AND
, 13.1 , 6.8 , and 7.4) 

C – Vote neg –
First is Decisionmaking
The primary purpose of debate should be to improve our skills as decision-makers.   We are all individual policy-makers who make choices every day that affect us and those around us.  We have an obligation to the people affected by our decisions to use debate as a method for honing these critical thinking and information processing abilities.  
Austin J. Freeley and David L. Steinberg – John Carroll University / U Miami – 2009, Argumentation and Debate: Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making, p. 1-4, googlebooks
After several days of intense debate, first the United States House of Representatives and
AND
customer for out product, or a vote for our favored political candidate.

Specifically, through discussing paths of government action, debate teaches us to be better organizational decision makers. Learning about the uniquely different considerations of organizations is necessary to affecting change in a world overwhelmingly dominated by institutions.
Algoso 2011 – Masters in Public Administration (May 31, Dave, “Why I got an MPA: Because organizations matter” http://findwhatworks.wordpress.com/2011/05/31/why-i-got-an-mpa-because-organizations-matter/)

Because organizations matter. Forget the stories of heroic individuals written in your middle school
AND
right program for you and use your time well, can do both.

Additionally, The best route to improving decision-making is through discussion about public policy
A. Mutually accessible information – There is a wide swath of literature on governmental policy topics – that ensures there will be informed, predictable, and in-depth debate over the aff’s decision.  Individual policymaking is highly variable depending on the person and inaccessible to outsiders.
B. Harder decisions make better decisionmakers – The problems facing public policymakers are a magnitude greater than private decisions.  We all know plans don’t actually happen, but practicing imagining the consequences of our decisions in the high-stakes games of public policymaking makes other decisionmaking easier.  
C. External actors – the decisions we make should be analyzed not in a vacuum but in the complex social field that surrounds us

Second is Predictable Limits - The resolution proposes the question the negative is prepared to answer and creates a bounded list of potential affs for us to think about.  Debate has unique potential to change attitudes and grow critical thinking skills because it forces pre-round internal deliberation on a of a focused, common ground of debate
Robert E. Goodin and Simon J. Niemeyer- Australian National University- 2003,
When Does Deliberation Begin? Internal Reflection versus Public Discussion in Deliberative Democracy, POLITICAL STUDIES: 2003 VOL 51, 627–649, http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.0032-3217.2003.00450.x/pdf
What happened in this particular case, as in any particular case, was in
AND
least one possible way of doing that for each of those key features.

Our method solves – Even if the resolution is wrong, having a devil’s advocate in deliberation is vitally important to critical thinking skills and avoiding groupthink
Hugo Mercier and Hélène Landemore- 2011
(Philosophy, Politics and Economics prof @ U of Penn, Poli Sci prof @  Yale), Reasoning is for arguing: Understanding the successes and failures of deliberation, Political Psychology, http://sites.google.com/site/hugomercier/publications
Reasoning can function outside of its normal conditions when it is used purely internally.
AND
(e.g. Schweiger, Sandberg, and Ragan, 1986).

Dramatic Chipmunk 1NC (1/5)
Being rock, gas, mist, mind,
Being the mesons traveling the galaxies with the speed of light,
I have come here, my beloved.
I have manifested as trees, grass, butterflies, as single-celled beings and chrysanthemums;
but you tell me you have never died.

Start your decision with a recognition of your connection to more than human others.  Beginning with the human social betrays your anthropocentric bias and reinforces the root cause of violence. 

Rose 6 (Rebecca, Lecturer in Literature for Trinity College Foundation Studies, The University of Melbourne, 2006, COLLOQUY text theory critique  12shree)

In recent decades concern for the human-human relationship has brought attention to the
AND
to a design that has been billions of years in the making.29 

Vote negative to reject their egocentric and human centric ethics in favor of an ecocentric ethic that starts by emphasizing the intrinsic values of Earth’s geoecosystem.

Rowe 3 (Stan, retired ecology teacher, prof emeritus at the U of Saskatchewan, The Trumpeter  Volume 19, Number 2shree)

Ethical systems express human values, which is to say that only what is valued
AND
, ethics will be ecocentric, home-centred, an Ecological Ethics.

Tournament: SFSU | Round: 1 | Opponent: USC NP | Judge: Allison Brownlow
Tradeoff DA
1NC
US Drone Strikes are decreasing  
Pakistan News and Views 7/26/13 (“U.S Drones Strikes has Decreased Due To Its Criticism”, http://pakistannewsviews.com/u-s-drone-strikes-has-decreased-due-to-its-criticism/)
The tempo of CIA drone strikes in Pakistan has slowed…

AND

…citing concerns over the civilian death toll.

Detainee protections increase the incentives for kill rather than capture

Crandall 13 Carla, Law Clerk to the Honorable Carolyn Dineen King, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. J.D., J. Reuben Clark Law School, Brigham Young University. and#34;If You Canand#39;t Beat Them, Kill Them: Complex Adaptive Systems Theory and the Rise in Targeted Killing,and#34;Seton Hall Law Review: Vol. 43: Iss. 2, Article 3. http://erepository.law.shu.edu/shlr/vol43/iss2/3

But while these developments have been hailed as victories by civil libertarians…

AND

… a result of human intervention into complex adaptive systems.

Drone strikes cause thousands of civilian deaths and do psychological violence to those who must constantly live with the threat of a strike.
Stanford Human Rights Clinic 12 “Living Under Drones Death, Injury, and Trauma to Civilians From US Drone Practices in Pakistan” Stanford International Human Rights and Conflict Resolution Clinic (IHRCRC) and Global Justice Clinic (GJC) at NYU School of Law September http://livingunderdrones.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Stanford-NYU-LIVING-UNDER-DRONES.pdf

First, while civilian casualties are rarely acknowledged by the US government…

AND

… drone strikes now struggle to support themselves.

Debt Ceiling DA

Obama moving toward compromise
Flavelle 09/25/13 (Christopher, On Debt Ceiling, “Obama May Just Have to Cave,” Reporter for bloomberg, Bloomberg, http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-09-25/on-debt-ceiling-obama-may-just-have-to-cave.html) BVG

President Barack Obama says he won't negotiate with Republicans…

AND

…That's a hard choice -- but not that hard.
Plan results in fierce congressional opposition – empirics and bellicose congress members
Ackerman 5/23 Spencer Ackerman, Senior reporter for the Danger Room @ Wired, recently won the 2012 National Magazine Award for Reporting in Digital Media, “Exclusive: Congressman Preps Bill to End Terror War Authority”, Wired, May 23rd, 2013, http://www.wired.com/dangerroom/2013/05/schiff-aumf/
Rep. Adam Schiff (D-Calif.) is preparing a piece of legislation that…

AND

…are raising fundamental questions about the merits of a never-ending war.
Default collapses international status of the dollar – fiscal security is the ONLY reason surplus countries still  invest
Masters 13 Jonathan Masters, has a graduate degree in social theory from The New School University where he focused on media and international relations. He also holds a B.A. in political science from Emory University, writes on issues related to national security and civil liberties, and contributes to CFR's Renewing America initiative that focuses on the economic underpinnings of U.S. foreign policy, “U.S. Debt Ceiling: Costs and Consequences”, Council on Foreign Relations, January 2nd, 2013, http://www.cfr.org/international-finance/us-debt-ceiling-costs-consequences/p24751#p8
Historically, the U.S. Treasury market has been…

AND

…dominant global reserve currency by 2025.
Dollar hegemony status is key to overall US economic and military leadership
William Clark, 2003; economic consultant and journalist, January (revised March 2003), “The Real Reasons for the Upcoming War with Iraq”, http://www.ratical.org/ratville/CAH/RRiraqWar.html 

This unique geo-political agreement with Saudi Arabia in…

AND

…directly competing with the U.S. economy ($10.5 trillion GDP, 280 million people).
Global economic crisis causes nuclear war
Cesare Merlini 11, nonresident senior fellow at the Center on the United States and Europe and chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Italian Institute for International Affairs, May 2011, “A Post-Secular World?”, Survival, Vol. 53, No. 2
Two neatly opposed scenarios for the future of the world order illustrate the …

AND

…converging with secular absolutes such as unbridled nationalism.

CMR DA
Civil-military relations are strong, but could be de-railed
Ricks 9/12/13 Thomas, Ed. Of Best Defense blog at Foreign Policy, http://ricks.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2013/09/12/gen_scales_needs_to_learn_that_discretion_is_the_better_part_of_civil_military_valo, mg

An additional consequence of the public's growing distance…

AND

…sometimes discretion is the better part of valor. ¶ 

Changes to war powers cause massive backlash to the military
Russia Times 13 {May 16, http://rt.com/usa/terror-al-qaeda-pentagon-war-397/, mg

Even after cutting off the head of al-Qaeda, the United States…

AND

…DoD have continuously utilized strikes to weaken al-Qaeda substantially since.

CMR collapse hurts military readiness
Skelton ’12 (Ike, Chairman of the House Armed Services Committee, graduate of Wentworth Military Academy and the University of Missouri at Columbia, where he received A.B. and L.L.B. degrees, “THE CIVIL-MILITARY GAP ¶ NEED NOT BECOME A CHASM,” National Defense University Joint Quarterly, Issue 64, 2012, http://www.ndu.edu/press/lib/pdf/jfq-64/JFQ-64_60-66_Skelton.pdf, pg 62) BVG
The existence of this gap, however, ¶ demonstrates…

AND

…from that, there is work to do on both ¶ sides to narrow the gap.    
CMR key to stop prolif – prolif leads to nuclear war
Cohen ’00 (Eliot A.-, Prof. @ Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies and director of the Strategic Studies department @ Johns Hopkins, worked for Dod, taught at the U.S. Naval War College, Fall, National Interest, “Why the Gap Matters - gap between military and civilian world”, http://www.24hourscholar.com/p/articles/mi_m2751/is_2000_Fall/ai_65576871/pg_4?pi=scl AGupta)

At the same time, the military exercises control, to a remarkable degree…

AND

…deeper and more enduring changes in politics, society and technology.

Executive Restraint CP
Text: The President of the United States should issue an Executive Order to
create a domestic terror court to resolve the legal status of persons detained in an Active Theater of War and apply the Geneva Conventions to persons detained in an Active Theater of War.
Only the CP solves – Guantanamo proves - the problem is not congressional opposition, it’s the administration fearing the danger of transferring the detainees which means presidential action alone is sufficient to solve
Joscelyn 13
(Thomas Joscelyn, senior fellow at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies, “Obama, Not Congress, Is the Reason Guantánamo Is Still Open” May 3, 2013, http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/05/03/obama-not-congress-is-the-reason-guantanamo-is-still-open.html, KB)
During a news conference earlier this week…

AND

…because that is where the Obama administration thinks they belong.
Flexibility NB
Aff kills flexibility
Vermeule 6
Adrian Vermeule, Professor of Law, Harvard Law School, 2006,¶ “THE EMERGENCY CONSTITUTION IN THE POST-SEPTEMBER 11 WORLD ORDER: SELF-DEFEATING¶ PROPOSALS: ACKERMAN ON EMERGENCY POWERS,” Fordham Law Review, Nov., pp. LN.
The reason for the failure of statutory…

AND

…more ambitious than the other ones - might fare differently.
That causes extinction
Yoo 12
(John Yoo, American attorney, law professor, and author. He served as a political appointee, the Deputy Assistant US Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel, Department of Justice (OLC), during the George W. Bush administration. “War Powers Belong to the President”¶ Posted Feb 1, 2012,¶ http://www.abajournal.com/magazine/article/war_powers_belong_to_the_president, KB)
A radical change in the system for…

AND

…sweeping, untested changes in the way we make war.
Executive action avoids politics
Sovacool 9
Dr. Benjamin K. Sovacool 2009 is a Research Fellow in the Energy Governance Program at the Centre on Asia and Globalization., Kelly E. Sovacool is a Senior Research Associate at the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy at the National University of SingaporeArticle: Preventing National Electricity-Water Crisis Areas in the United States, Columbia Journal of Environmental Law  2009  34 Colum. J. Envtl. L. 333,
¶ Executive Orders also save time in a second sense…

AND

…wait for congressional action ¶ ¶ or agency regulatory rulemaking.

Security K
Their impact claims of war and conflict are not objective – they are produced by the specific history of the observer and the drive for state security

David Grondin 2004 (Masters in Political Science and Ph.D. Candidate – University of Ottawa, “(Re)Writing the ‘National Security State,’ Center for United States Studies, p. 12-17) 

 Approaches that deconstruct theoretical practices…

AND

…David Campbell adds that it is by constantly articulating danger through foreign policy that the state’s very conditions of existence are generated18. 

Their realist conception of international relations guarantees extinction--it fails to encompass the reality of the political subject of violence. Our critique turns all their practicality claims.
David Campbell and Dillon 1993, (Michael Dillon “The end of philosophy and the end of international relations,” The Political Subject of Violence,  pp. 17-18)

To broach this task anew, however…

AND

…horizon of life in novel ways.
?
Our alternative is to reject the 1AC. Vote neg. This reorients our conception of politics away from the realist state terrain that guarantees violence.
Neocleous 08. ( Mark Neocleous is a Professor of the critique of Political Economy at Brunel University, UK and a member of the Editorial Collective of “Radical Philosophy”. Critique of Security. 186)

Simon Dalby reports a personal communication…

AND

…it requires us to be brave enough to return the gift.

On Case
1NC Terrorism Turn

Guatanamo Bay key to preventing terrorism
Meese, 12
(Edwin Meese III, the Ronald Reagan Distinguished Fellow in Public Policy and chairman of the Center for Legal and Judicial Studies at the Heritage Foundation. He served as the 75th attorney general of the United States under President Reagan, "Guantanamo Bay Prison is Necessary", Jan 11, www.heritage.org/research/commentary/2012/01/guantanamo-bay-prison-is-necessary NL)
The detention and interrogation facility…

AND

…authority to engage the enemy under appropriate circumstances.

Terrorism guarantees extinction
Speice, ’06
(Speice, JD Candidate @ College of William and Mary Patrick F. Speice, Jr., “Negligence And Nuclear Nonproliferation: Eliminating The Current Liability Barrier To Bilateral U.S.-Russian Nonproliferation Assistance Programs,” William and Mary Law Review, February 2006, 47 Wm and Mary L. Rev. 1427)
Accordingly, there is a significant and ever-present…

AND

…conflicts will draw in the United States and escalate to the use of nuclear weapons

Civilian Courts Fail—Erodes Legal Systsem
Trying terrorists in civilian courts undermines the legal system—that turns the aff
Blitstein 2008(Ryan, Pacific Standard Staff, July 11, "Terror Trials May Distort Civilian Courts", http://www.psmag.com/politics/terror-trials-may-distort-civilian-courts-4432/)

Last month, the U.S. Supreme Court reversed the Bush…

AND

… even if we were to remove many cases from the federal courts system,” he said.
Intelligence cooperation solves WMD use – prevents extinction
John Yoo 4, Emanuel S. Heller Professor of Law @ UC-Berkeley Law, visiting scholar @ the American Enterprise Institute, former Fulbright Distinguished Chair in Law @ the University of Trento, served as a deputy assistant attorney general in the Office of Legal Council at the U.S. Department of Justice between 2001 and 2003, received his J.D. from Yale and his undergraduate degree from Harvard, “War, Responsibility, and the Age of Terrorism,” UC-Berkeley Public Law and Legal Theory Research Paper Series, http://works.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1015andcontext=johnyoo
Third, the nature of warfare against such…

AND

…and to prevent further interception of their communications.

Tournament: SFSU | Round: 5 | Opponent: USC OP | Judge: Sue Peterson
Same as Round 1 but without the Debt Ceiling DA