1NC Human Rights Leadership DA Separation of Powers DA Politics DA (Comprehensive Immigration Reform-Competitiveness Impact) Solvency Turns (Judiciary Rubber Stamp Increased Killings) Pakistan Defense Yemen Defense
Block 2NCHuman Rights DA Separation of Powers DA Solvency Yemen Defense 1NRPakistan Defense CIR DA
2NR Human Rights Leadership DA Solvency Turns Case Defense
Harvard
4
Opponent: Stanford GR | Judge: Martin Osborn
Aff Restriction Group Assignments from AUMF (Terrorism-Nuclear Biological AND Ambiguity-Executive Overreach)
1NC Iran DA CIR DA (Economy Impact) Case Defense
Block 2NCIran DA Case D 1NRCIR DA Case D
2NR CIR DA Case Defense
Harvard
6
Opponent: Gonzaga HS | Judge: Joe Koehle
Aff Korematsu Overturn (Racism Framework)
1NC T-Restrictions K-Internment Case Defense
Block 2NC-T and Case Defense 1NR-K and Case Defense
Congressional restrictions on war powers will embolden hardliners and kill negotiations – this triggers Israeli strikes Ross, 9/9/13, Blocking action on Syria makes an attack on Iran more likely” Washington Post, counselor at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, was a senior Middle East adviser to President Obama from 2009 to 2011, Director of Policy Planning for the State Department under George H.W. Bush, the Special Middle East coordinator under Clinton; Dennis, p. http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/blocking-action-on-syria-makes-an-attack-on-iran-more-likely/2013/09/09/dd655466-1963-11e3-8685-5021e0c41964_story.html Still, for the opponents… maybe it will — and maybe it should.
An Israeli strike fails, but triggers World War 3, collapses heg and the global economy Reuveny, 2010, Gazette Xtra, August 7, Unilateral strike could trigger World War III, global depression, professor in the School of Public and Environmental Affairs at Indiana University; Rafael, p. http://gazettextra.com/news/2010/aug/07/con-unilateral-strike-could-trigger-world-war-iii-/#sthash.ec4zqu8o.dpuf A unilateral Israeli strike… spark World War III.
11/5/13
AUMF Restrictions Aff---SOP Advantage---Harvard
Tournament: Harvard | Round: 4 | Opponent: Stanford GR | Judge: Martin Osborn 1NC---SOP Advantage
Non-legal checks prevent executive tyranny—SOP is not key Posner and Vermeule, 2009, Tyrannophobia, University of Chicago, Public Law Working Paper No. 276 and Harvard University Public Law Working Paper No. 09-44, September 15, University of Chicago – Law School; Harvard University – Harvard Law School; Eric; Adrian, p. http://ssrn.com/abstract=1473858 (accessed: 7-1-13) Legal scholars… dictators in any conventional sense.
Court deference is vital to effective executive crisis response --- solves terror, rogue states, and prolif Blomquist, 2010, Valparaiso Law Review, THE JURISPRUDENCE OF AMERICAN NATIONAL SECURITY PRESIPRUDENCE, Professor of Law, Valparaiso University School of Law; Robert, 44 Val. U.L. Rev. 881 Supreme Court Justices… POTUS and his national security executive subordinates.
Best evidence concludes no credibility impact Brooks and Wohlforth 8 – Stephen G. Brooks, Assistant Professor of Government at Dartmouth, and William C. Wohlforth, Associate Professor of Government at Dartmouth, 2008, World Out of Balance: International Relations and the Challenge of American Primacy, p. 201-206 First, empirical studies… strategies more energetically.
No impact to SOP- Presidents bypass formal constitutional barriers all the time, Zasloff, 2004, UCLA Law Review, Taking Politics Seriously: A Theory of California's Separation of Powers, 51 UCLA L. Rev. 1079, Professor of Law, UCLA School of Law; Jonathan, plexis Presidents break legislative… not be cause for judicial concern.
2NC---SOP Advantage
Deference key to executive urgency and flexibility Posner and Sunstein, 2007, Yale Law Journal, Chevronizing foreign relations law, Kirkland and Ellis Professor of Law, University of Chicaga; Karl N. Llewellyn Distinguished Service Professor, Law School and Department of Political Science, University of Chicago; Eric A, Cass R, April, p. lexis Critics of this transformation modest and a bit late.
PRISM destroyed soft power / credibility Migranyan 7/5 (Andranik is the director of the Institute for Democracy and Cooperation in New York. He is also a professor at the Institute of International Relations in Moscow, a former member of the Public Chamber and a former member of the Russian Presidential Council. “Scandals Harm U.S. Soft Power,” 2013, http://nationalinterest.org/commentary/scandals-harm-us-soft-power-8695) For the past few months… with a more critical eye.
Non-al Qaeda groups can’t carry out WMD attacks Mueller and Stewart, 2011, TERROR, SECURITY, AND MONEY: BALANCING THE RISKS, BENEFITS, AND COSTS OF HOMELAND SECURITY, John; Mark, professors at Ohio State and The University of Newcastle, p. http://polisci.osu.edu/faculty/jmueller/MID11TSM.PDF Beyond the tiny…. diabolical group. (p. 9-10)
Terrorists can’t make nuclear bombs—no expertise, equipment, or fissile material Mueller and Stewart, 2011, Terror, Security, and Money: Balancing the Risks, Benefits and Costs of Homeland Security, Ohio State political science professor, University of Newcastle professor of civil engineering, John; Mark, p. 69-70 As the Gilmore Commission… is far-fetched at best.”
No risk of bioterrorism Keller, 2013, Bioterrorism and the Pandemic Potential, March 7, Analyst at Stratfor, Post-Doctoral Fellow at University of Colorado at Boulder Rebecca p .http://www.stratfor.com/weekly/bioterrorism-and-pandemic-potential It is important to remember… awareness of the threat.
11/5/13
Anthro Aff---Case Defense---Wake
Tournament: Wake | Round: 2 | Opponent: Samford BM | Judge: Sarah Spring 1NC---Anthro Aff---Case Defense:
Their conception of violence is reductive and can’t be solved Boulding, 1977, Journal of Peace Research, Twelve Friendly Quarrels with Johan Galtung Vol. 14, No. 1 (1977), University of Colorado at Boulder professor; Kenneth, pp. 75-86 Finally, we come to...from finding the answer.
War causes structural violence---not the other way around Bulloch 8 Millennium - Journal of International Studies May 2008 vol. 36 no. 3 575-595 Douglas Bulloch, IR Department, London School of Economics and Political Science. He is currently completing his PhD in International Relations at the London School of Economics, during which time he spent a year editing Millennium: Journal of International Studies But the idea that...radically – political.
Human extinction comes first. Bok, 88 Sissela, Professor of Philosophy, Brandeis, “Applied Ethics and Ethical Theory,” Ed. David Rosenthal and Fudlou Shehadi The same argument...that the world not perish.
Human extinction comes first – turns the kritik Matheny 07 (J. G. Matheny, Ph. D. candidate, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, December 6, 2007, “Ought we worry about human extinction?,” online: http://jgmatheny.org/extinctionethics.htm) Moral philosophers have not...70 and 75, respectively.
Pragmatic focus on experience outweighs a focus on ethics --- value emerges in experience, not the other way around Parker, 96 – Assistant Professor of Philosophy at Grand Valley State University (Kelly A., “Pragmatism and Environmental Thought,” Environmental Pragmatism, 1996, ed: Light and Katz, p. 25-27) While it is wrong...upgrading the cable service.
Extinction not inevitable Dash, 2/4 Co-Founder and Managing Director at Activate, a new kind of strategy consultancy that advises companies about the opportunities at the intersection of technology and media co-founder and CEO of ThinkUp, which shows you how to be better at using your social networks, publisher, editor and owner of Dashes.com, my personal blog where I've been publishing continuously since 1999, entrepreneur, writer and geek living in New York City (Anil Dash, 4 February 2013, “THE WORLD IS GETTING BETTER. QUICKLY.,” http://dashes.com/anil/2013/02/the-world-is-getting-better-quickly.html)//CC The world is getting...we have left.
Over-determining epistemology robs the aff of its transformative potential Owen, 2K2 (David, Reader in Political Theory at the University of Southampton “Re-orienting International Relations: On pragmatism, pluralism and practical reasoning” Millennium 31) The first danger...over that of empirical validity.
All paradigms are imperfect---pragmatism’s paradigm accomplishes material change better than their dogmatic, radical theories of nature Hirokawa, 02 – L.L.M., Northwestern School of Law of Lewis and Clark College; J.D., University of Connecticut (Keith, “Some Pragmatic Observations about Radical Critique In Environmental Law”, 21 Stanford Environmental Law Journal, 225, June 2002, Lexis Nexis Law Review, BCKANDKALLTHEWAY) A pragmatic approach...extremely unpersuasive, dogmatic camp.
Positivism is a sufficient defense for our assumptions Houghton, 08 – Associate Professor of International Relations Theory at the University of Central Florida (David Patrick, March 2008, “Positivism ‘vs’ Postmodernism: Does Epistemology Make a Difference”, International Politics, Vol. 45, Project Muse, BCKANDKALLTHEWAY) Discussions of the role...international relations scene today.
It also proves our predictions can be accurate Chernoff, 09 – Professor of International Relations and Director of the International Relations Program at Colgate University (Fred, 2/25/09, “Conventionalism as an Adequate Basis for Policy-Relevant IR Theory”, p. 168-171, BCKANDKALLTHEWAY) For these and...foregoing discussion.
2NC---Anthro Aff---Case Defense:
Barelife impact is a lie Dickinson 4 (Dr. Edward Ross, Professor of History – University of Cincinnati, “Biopolitics, Fascism, Democracy: Some Reflections on Our Discourse About ‘Modernity’”, Central European History, 37(1), p. 18-19) In an important...characterized Nazi policies.
Don’t default to offense/defense – a risk of a solvency deficit does not mean the SQUO forecloses a shift in species consciousness Zimmerman, 91 (Michael E., Heideggerean Scholar Tulane Univ. “Deep Ecology, Ecoactivism, and Human Evolution” published in ReVision Winter 1991 13.3. PDF accessed July 6, 2008 p. 123-127). Deep ecologists such...emancipatory political dimensions.
Consumption is sustainable---self-correcting Seabra 12 (Leo, has a background in Communication and Broadcasting and a broad experience which includes activities in Marketing, Advertising, Sales and Public Relations, 2/27, “Capitalism can drive Sustainability and also innovation,” http://seabraaffairs.wordpress.com/2012/02/27/capitalism-can-drive-sustainability-and-also-innovation/) There are those...himself. It regulates itself.
Broad indicts of epistemology don’t take out our impacts---you should weigh specific evidence to get closer to the truth Kratochwil, 08 – professor of international relations – European University Institute, ‘8 (Friedrich, “The Puzzles of Politics,” pg. 200-213) In what follows, I claim...familiar products.
Your critique of epistemology does not disprove our impact claims---it proves that the probability of big events like nuclear destruction, are likely and require action Cowen, 04 Tyler, Department of Economics at George Mason University, "The Epistemic Problem Does Not Refute Consequentialism," November 2, http://www.gmu.edu/jbc/Tyler/Epistemic2.pdf, p. 14-15) The epistemic critique....controversial to benevolent onlookers.
Positivism key to understanding macro institutions and problems—proves it's sufficient for our impacts Fourcade, 07 - Associate Professor of Sociology at UC Berkeley (Marion, Spring 2007, "The Politics of Method and Its Agentic, Performative, and Ontological Others", Social Science History, Vol. 31, No. 1, p. 109, BCKANDKALLTHEWAY) PDF The externalist story...form of universal causal laws.
11/16/13
Drones Court Aff---Human Rights DA---Harvard
Tournament: Harvard | Round: 1 | Opponent: Kansas State MR | Judge: Mike Krueger Court authorizing targeted killings violates international law, harms US human rights leadership, and decreases cooperation by allies to share intelligence Rona, 2013, The Hill, The pro-rule of law argument against a 'drone court', international legal director at Human Rights First; Gabor, p. http://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/judicial/285041-the-pro-rule-of-law-argument-against-a-drone-court (accessed: 7-17-13) But a “drone court”… the international public ones.
US leadership is key to advancing global human rights Mendelson, 2009, The Washington Quarterly, Dusk or Dawn for the Human Rights Movement?, April, director of the Human Rights and Security Initiative at CSIS; Sarah, p. 109-111 Activists in many parts of the… there is no balance wheel.’’
Human rights violations spark global wars and harm the global economy Trachtman, 2012, New York University Journal of International Law and Politics, From Rights to Reality: Mobilizing for Human Rights and Its Intersection with International Law: WHO CARES ABOUT INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS?: THE SUPPLY AND DEMAND OF INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS LAW, Spring, Professor of International Law, The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy; Joel, p. 856-61 It is true that human rights… ncrease total national welfare.
11/5/13
Drones Court Aff---Pakistan Advantage---Harvard
Tournament: Harvard | Round: 1 | Opponent: Kansas State MR | Judge: Mike Krueger 1NC---Pakistan---Drone Court Aff
Plan link turns the advantage – Pakistan loses deniability about drone strikes – crushes political capital Markey, Council on Foreign Relations, 7-16-13 (Daniel, “A New Drone Deal For Pakistan,” accessed 7-30-13, http://troubledkashmir.com/kashmir/?p=5370, Admittedly, this final… more ambiguous relationships.
No nuke terror- no motivation, access, US counter-measures, and it’s exaggerated Krepon ‘9 Michael Krepon is Co-Founder of the Henry L. Stimson Center, a Diplomat Scholar at the University of Virginia, The Mushroom Cloud That Wasn't, Foreign Affairs, May/Jun 2009, ProQuest) And yet, not a… greatly exaggerated.
Bioterror fails – no access and vaccines check Clark ‘8 – Emeritus Professor in Immunology at UCLA William R. Clark, emeritus professor in Immunology at UCLA. Bracing for Armageddon?: The Science and Politics of Bioterrorism in America, 2008, pg. 183 In the end, what… and its ilk may be a non-starter.
Nuclear war Redish and Cisar, 91-*Ancel Professor of Law and Public Policy at Northwestern, Law Clerk to Chief Judge William Bauer (*Martha H., Elizabeth J., December 1991, “If Angels Were to Govern: The Need for Pragmatic Formalism in Separation of Powers Theory”, Lexis Nexis) In summary, no defender… saying, "I told you so."
11/5/13
Drones Court Aff---Solvency---Harvard
Tournament: Harvard | Round: 1 | Opponent: Kansas State MR | Judge: Mike Krueger 1NC Solvency---Drone Courts
Court will approve all requests—just like the FISA Court Johnson, 2013, Keynote address at the Center on National Security at Fordham Law School: A “Drone Court”: some pros and cons, March 18, American civil, criminal trial lawyer, and General Counsel of the Department of Defense from 2009 to 2012 during the first Obama Administration; Jeh Charles, p. http://centeronnationalsecurity.org/sites/default/files/Jeh20Johnson20Speech20at20Fordham20LS.pdf (accessed: 7-22-13) But, we must be realistic… rejects an application.
Court will increase targeted strikes against people who don’t pose imminent threats Jaffer, 2013, Harvard Law Review, JUDICIAL REVIEW OF TARGETED KILLINGS, vol. 126, Director of the ACLU's Center for Democracy,Jameel, p. 186 But to recognize that…. requirement, than narrow it.
Court sanctioning will increase targeted killings Jaffer, 2013, Harvard Law Review, JUDICIAL REVIEW OF TARGETED KILLINGS, vol. 126, Director of the ACLU's Center for Democracy,Jameel, p. 185 Since 9/11, the CIA… program than to restrain it.
No risk of drone wars Singh, 2012, Time, "Betting Against a Drone Arms Race," researcher at the Center for a New American Security; Joseph, p. nation.time.com/2012/08/13/betting-against-a-drone-arms-race/#ixzz2fBGQibv1 In short, the… arrival in large numbers.
2NC---Solvency---Drone Court Aff
Multiple accountability mechanisms ensure targeted killings are done properly McNeal, 2013, “Targeted Killing and Accountability,” Associate Professor of Law, Pepperdine University; Gregory, 3/5/13, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1819583 To date scholars have lacked… embedded in current practice.
Substantial oversight over US targeted killing policy now Rasdan and Murphy, 2011, University of Illinois Law Review, ARTICLE: MEASURE TWICE, SHOOT ONCE: HIGHER CARE FOR CIA-TARGETED KILLING, Professor of Law, William Mitchell College of Law; ATandT Professor of Law, Texas Tech University School of Law; Afsheen, Richard, lexis Notwithstanding the agency's…. Legal Counsel for approval.
Court review for targeted killings will increase the number of killings Rosen, 2013, New Republic, Courting Disaster A new idea to limit drone strikes could actually legitimize them, February 11, legal affairs editor of The New Republic; Jeffrey, p. http://www.newrepublic.com/node/112392/print In addition to these… future, not less.
11/5/13
Drones Court Aff---Yemen Advantage---Harvard
Tournament: Harvard | Round: 1 | Opponent: Kansas State MR | Judge: Mike Krueger 1NC---Yemen---Drone Court Aff
Other countries won’t model US legal standards or oversight Saunders, 2013, “We Won’t Always Drone Alone, executive director of the Center for the National Interest and associate publisher of The National Interest; Paul J, March 4, ,” http://nationalinterest.org/commentary/we-wont-always-drone-alone-8177?page=1 That said, the United… drones into their airspace.
Drones have weakened AQAP in Yemen—not capable of committing large scale attacks Dunn and Wolff, 2013, Drone Use in Counter-Insurgency and Counter-Terrorism: Policy or Policy Component?, in Hitting the Target? How New Capabilities are Shaping International Intervention, ed. by M. Aaronson and A. Johnson, Reader in International Politics and Head of Department in the Department of Political Science and International Studies at the University of Birmingham; Professor of International Security at the University of Birmingham; David Hastings; Stefan, p. 101 In Yemen, for example… UN-mediated National Dialogue.
No backlash and no impact Watts 12 (Clinton Watts is a Senior Analyst with the Navanti Group and a Senior Fellow at The George Washington University Homeland Security Policy Institute (HSPI). He is also a former U.S. Army Officer and former Special Agent with the FBI. Frank J. Cilluffo is the Director of the Homeland Security Policy Institute at The George Washington University., 6/21/2012, "Drones in Yemen: Is the U.S. on Target?", www.gwumc.edu/hspi/policy/drones.pdf) AQAP’s persistence arises… tactics should never be an option.
2NC---Yemen---Drone Court Aff
Drone strikes are declining in Pakistan and Yemen since Obama’s May speech Bergen and Rowland, 10-25-13, CNN, Did Obama keep his drone promises? CNN’s national security analyst; Harvard graduate student; Peter; Jennifer, pfactiva On May 23, President Barack… about once every 10 days.
No modeling – state interests trump Metz, 2013, World Politics Review, “Strategic Horizons: The Strategy Behind U.S. Drone Strikes” defense analyst and the author of "Iraq and the Evolution of American Strategy." His weekly WPR column, Strategic Horizons, appears every Wednesday; Steven, 27 Feb 2013 http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/12747/strategic-horizons-the-strategy-behind-u-s-drone-strikes Both of these arguments are shaky… American drone strikes.
Targeted strikes in Yemen do not cause blowback Dunn and Wolff, 2013, Drone Use in Counter-Insurgency and Counter-Terrorism: Policy or Policy Component?, in Hitting the Target? How New Capabilities are Shaping International Intervention, ed. by M. Aaronson and A. Johnson, Reader in International Politics and Head of Department in the Department of Political Science and International Studies at the University of Birmingham; Professor of International Security at the University of Birmingham; David Hastings; Stefan, p. 99 Targeted strikes… Pakistan and Afghanistan.
Tournament: Harvard | Round: 8 | Opponent: Texas CM | Judge: Jared Atchinson 1NC---Case Defense---
Multiple statistical measures prove a trend towards equality---this isn’t to say that everything is OK, but that falsifiable claims matter for assessing impacts AND that engagement can be effective Currie, 08 http://www.american.com/archive/2008/november-11-08/the-long-march-of-racial-progress/ Duncan Currie is managing editor of THE AMERICAN. Speechwriter and Policy Advisor in U.S. Senate Washington D.C. Metro Area | Government Administration Current: Speechwriter and Policy Advisor, Office of Senator John Cornyn at United States Senate Past: Editorial Director at The George W. Bush Institute, Deputy Managing Editor at National Review, Managing Editor at The American Enterprise Institu... Education: Harvard University Measuring racial progress…. married to white women.”
Violence has massively declined---all trends and data agrees---their impact is wrong Jervis, 11 (10-25-11--Robert, Adlai E. Stevenson Professor of International Politics at Columbia University, "Pinker the Prophet", Nov-December Issue of the National Interest) The Better Angels of Our…. ourselves to justify our lives.
Maximizing all lives is the only way to affirm equality Cummiskey 90 – Professor of Philosophy, Bates (David, Kantian Consequentialism, Ethics 100.3, p 601-2, p 606, jstor) We must not obscure…. have overriding importance.
Ethical policymaking requires calculation of consequences Gvosdev 5 – Rhodes scholar, PhD from St. Antony’s College, executive editor of The National Interest (Nikolas, The Value(s) of Realism, SAIS Review 25.1, pmuse,) As the name implies…. moral grounds.
Evaluate consequences---allowing violence for the sake of moral purity is evil Isaac, 02 (Jeffrey C., Professor of Political Science – Indiana-Bloomington, Director – Center for the Study of Democracy and Public Life, Ph.D. – Yale, Dissent Magazine, 49(2), “Ends, Means, and Politics”, Spring, Proquest) As writers such… undermines political effectiveness.
Extinction 1st Anders Sandberg, James Martin Research Fellow at the Future of Humanity Institute at Oxford University, et al., with Jason G. Matheny, Ph.D. candidate in Health Policy and Management at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and Special Consultant to the Center for Biosecurity at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, and Milan M. ?irkovi?, Senior Research Associate at the Astronomical Observatory of Belgrade and Assistant Professor of Physics at the University of Novi Sad in Serbia and Montenegro, 2008 (“How can we reduce the risk of human extinction?,” Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, September 8th, Available Online at http://thebulletin.org/web-edition/features/how-can-we-reduce-the-risk-of-human-extinction) The facts are sobering… risk of catastrophic accidents.
You should evaluate our politics DA. Their dogmatic refusal to consider political process implications is grounded in the same destructive blindness the aff criticizes. David Chandler, Centre for the Study of Democracy - University of Westminster, ‘3 (British Journal of Politics and International Relations 5.3, “Rhetoric without responsibility”) The attention to the articulation… standing and authority at home.
War causes structural violence---not the other way around Bulloch 8 Millennium - Journal of International Studies May 2008 vol. 36 no. 3 575-595 Douglas Bulloch, IR Department, London School of Economics and Political Science. He is currently completing his PhD in International Relations at the London School of Economics, during which time he spent a year editing Millennium: Journal of International Studies But the idea that... potentially radically – political.
Their conception of structural violence is reductive and can’t be solved Boulding, 1977, Journal of Peace Research, Twelve Friendly Quarrels with Johan Galtung Vol. 14, No. 1 (1977), University of Colorado at Boulder professor; Kenneth, pp. 75-86 Finally, we come to the… finding the answer.
No risk of continual war making---institutional safeguards check Allen Buchanan 07, Professor of Philosophy and Public Policy at Duke, 2007 (Preemption: military action and moral justification, pg. 128) The intuitively plausible idea… preventive-war justification.
All paradigms are imperfect---pragmatism’s paradigm accomplishes material change better than their dogmatic, radical theories of nature Hirokawa, 02 – L.L.M., Northwestern School of Law of Lewis and Clark College; J.D., University of Connecticut (Keith, “Some Pragmatic Observations about Radical Critique In Environmental Law”, 21 Stanford Environmental Law Journal, 225, June 2002, Lexis Nexis Law Review, BCKANDKALLTHEWAY) A pragmatic approach… unpersuasive, dogmatic camp.
Broad indicts of epistemology don’t take out our impacts---you should weigh specific evidence to get closer to the truth Kratochwil, 08 – professor of international relations – European University Institute, ‘8 (Friedrich, “The Puzzles of Politics,” pg. 200-213) In what follows, I claim that… versions of familiar products.
2NC---Case Defense---
And, every credible measure of study shows violence is down because of everything consistent with the neg---it’s only a question of sustaining current dynamics and preventing shocks to the system---voting aff to abolish the current system turns all their impacts Pinker, 11 - Professor of psychology at Harvard University (Steven, 9/25/11, "Violence Vanquished", http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424053111904106704576583203589408180.html, BCKANDKALLTHEWAY) On the day… Enlightenment, that the Long
11/5/13
Khalid Sheikh Mohammad Aff---Case Defense---Wake
Tournament: Wake | Round: 4 | Opponent: Pittsburgh BW | Judge: Ron Stevenson Swanson No solvency—No civilian location will agree to hold a trial for KSM Mataconis, 2011, Obama Administration To Abandon Plans For Civilian Trials For 9/11 Plotters, April 4, Attorney, JD from George Mason University School of Law; Doug, p. http://www.outsidethebeltway.com/obama-administration-to-abandon-plans-for-civilian-trials-for-911-plotters/ (accessed: 9-14-13) The reality of the...reverse its previous decision.
Courts will become targets for terrorism Mukasey 2009, Wall Street Journal, Civilian Courts Are No Place to Try Terrorists, October 19, Former US attorney general and Federal judge; Michael, p. http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704107204574475300052267212.html (accessed: 9-14-13) Moreover, there is every...example of that problem.
No impact to biopolitics Dickinson 4 (Dr. Edward Ross, Professor of History – University of Cincinnati, “Biopolitics, Fascism, Democracy: Some Reflections on Our Discourse About ‘Modernity’”, Central European History, 37(1), p. 18-19) In an important programmatic...characterized Nazi policies.
Sovereign power operates to sustain life-not kill it—and rejecting it risks creating more atrocities Ojakangas ‘5 (Mike, Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, Finland “Impossible Dialogue on Bio-power Agamben and Foucault,” Foucault Studies, May, http://www.foucault-studies.com/no2/ojakangas1.pdf) In fact, the history...foreign lands.
No slippery slope Wright ’00 (Walter, Associate Prof. and Chair Phil. – Clark U., Law, Medicine and Ethics, “Historical Analogies, Slippery Slopes, and the Question of Euthanasia”, 28:2, p. 176-186, Wiley Interscience) Both sides appealed...in strength and persuasiveness. l2
Block---Case Defense---
No risk of continual war making---institutional safeguards check Allen Buchanan 07, Professor of Philosophy and Public Policy at Duke, 2007 (Preemption: military action and moral justification, pg. 128) The intuitively...preventive-war justification.
Evaluate consequences---allowing violence for the sake of moral purity is evil Isaac, 02 (Jeffrey C., Professor of Political Science – Indiana-Bloomington, Director – Center for the Study of Democracy and Public Life, Ph.D. – Yale, Dissent Magazine, 49(2), “Ends, Means, and Politics”, Spring, Proquest) As writers such...undermines political effectiveness.
Life always has value---even if its reduced, people have some worth---they have families and relationships and hobbies and fun---which should be preserved Coontz, 01 (Phyllis D., School of Public and International Affairs – University of Pittburgh, “Transcending the Suffering of AIDS”, Journal of Community Health Nursing, 18(4), December) In the 1950s, psychiatrist...one’s present life (Reed, 1991b).
Civilian trials will expand definitions of conspiracy which can be applied in other cases Parry, 2008, University of Pennsylvania Pennumbra, DEBATE: LIGHT AT THE END OF THE PIPELINE?: CHOOSING A FORUM FOR SUSPECTED TERRORISTS, Professor of Law, Lewis and Clark Law School; John, p. 366 To the extent that...people would find undesirable.
Military trials protect the integrity of the federal courts by immunizing them from bad criminal procedure precedents Kittel, 2013, Georgetown Journal of International Law, TRYING TERRORISTS: THE CASE FOR EXPANDING THE JURISDICTION OF MILITARY COMMISSIONS TO U.S. CITIZENS, Winter, vol 44, JD candidate, Georgetown Law; Larkin, p. 786 From a practical...could lead to bad precedent.
Military commissions avoid contaminating the federal courts with bad criminal procedure precedents Kittel, 2013, Georgetown Journal of International Law, TRYING TERRORISTS: THE CASE FOR EXPANDING THE JURISDICTION OF MILITARY COMMISSIONS TO U.S. CITIZENS, Winter, vol 44, JD candidate, Georgetown Law; Larkin, p. 796-7 Most importantly, military...pressure to convict terrorists.
11/16/13
Khalid Sheikh Mohammad Aff---Court Stripping DA---Wake
Tournament: Wake | Round: 4 | Opponent: Pittsburgh BW | Judge: Ron Stevenson Swanson 1NC---Court Striping DA---
Detainment court rulings will cause stripping Reinhardt, 2006, Boston University Law Review, THE ROLE OF THE JUDGE IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY: THE JUDICIAL ROLE IN NATIONAL SECURITY, Judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit; Stephen, 86 B.U.L. Rev. 1309, lexis Archibald Cox - who...not shirk from resolving.
Stripping sends a signal that undermines global democracy Gerhardt, 2005, Lewis and Clark Law Review, THE CONSTITUTIONAL LIMITS TO COURT-STRIPPING, William and Mary School of Law Professor; Michael J, 9 Lewis and Clark L. Rev. 347, lexis Beyond the constitutional...vindicating the rule of law.
Democracy’s on the brink --- consolidation solves global WMD conflict Halperin, 2011, Foreign Policy, Jan-Feb, “Unconventional Wisdom – Democracy is Still Worth Fighting For”, Senior Advisor – Open Society Institute and Senior Vice President of the Center for American Progress; Morton, p. http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/01/02/unconventional_wisdom?page=0,11 As the United States...more secure if they succeed.
2NC---Court Striping DA---
Court stripping bills have passed over Court rulings on detention Devins, 2011, The Politics of Judicial Independence: Courts, Politics, and the Public, ed. by B. Peabody, William and Mary Law Professor; Neal, p. 54 As the next section...and abortion rights.
Congress will backlash by freezing judicial salaries Milligan, 2010, Georgia Law Review, CONGRESSIONAL END-RUN: THE IGNORED CONSTRAINT ON JUDICIAL REVIEW, Fall, Assistant Professor of Law, University of Louisville School of Law; Luke, p. 233-4 One traditional constraint...the power of judicial review."
Adequate funding for the judiciary is key to the rule of law and judicial independence—US actions are modeled abroad Kennedy, 2007, Testimony before the United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary Judicial Security and Independence February 14, US Supreme Court Justice; Anthony, p. http://judiciary.senate.gov/testimony.cfm?id=2526andwit_id=6070 The provision of judicial...remarks on the subject.
Failure of Latin American democratization nuclear conflict Schulz, 2000, The United States and Latin America: Shaping an Elusive Future, March, Chairman of the Political Science Department at Cleveland State University, Donald, p. 3and26-28, http://stinet.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA375197andLocation=U2anddoc=GetTRDoc.pdf In short, democracy and...in the hemisphere.
Tournament: Wake | Round: 4 | Opponent: Pittsburgh BW | Judge: Ron Stevenson Swanson The judiciary adheres to political question deference now—but doctrinal repudiation would reverse that. Franck, 2012, Political Questions/Judicial Answers, Murray and Ida Becker Professor of Law, New York University School of Law Wolfgang Friedmann Memorial Award 1990; Thomas, p. Sensitive to this...several prudential reasons.
Indefinite detention is a political question—the plan destroys the doctrine Pennelle ‘6 Laura, California Western Law School, “THE GUANTANAMO GAP: CAN FOREIGN NATIONALS OBTAIN REDRESS FOR PROLONGED ARBITRARY DETENTION AND TORTURE SUFFERED OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES?,” 36 Cal. W. Int'l L.J. 303 Assuming there was...branches of government.
PQD key to Sonar training Gartland ‘12 Maj. Charles, B.A., University of Alaska - Anchorage; J.D., cum laude, Gonzaga University School of Law; LL.M., George Washington University Law School) is a United States Air Force judge advocate currently serving as the Environmental Liaison Officer for the Air Force Materiel Command, “ARTICLE: AT WAR AND PEACE WITH THE NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ACT: WHEN POLITICAL QUESTIONS AND THE ENVIRONMENT COLLIDE,” 68 A.F. L. Rev. 27 The public interest...exist in the first place.
That’s key to overall Naval power and anti-submarine warfare. Popeo et al ‘8 Daniel, Paul Kamenar, Washington Legal Foundation, Andrew McBride, Thomas McCarthy, Andrew Miller, William R. Dailey, Wiley Rein LLP, “Brief for Amici Curiae The Washington Legal Foundation, Rear Admiral James J. Carey, U.S. Navy (Ret.), National Defense Committee, and Allied Educational Foundation in Support of Petitioners,” http://www.wlf.org/upload/07-1239winter.pdf Throughout our Nation's...alteration in our established way of life.
That unleashes a laundry list of nuclear conflicts Eaglen ‘11 (Mackenzie research fellow for national security – Heritage, and Bryan McGrath, former naval officer and director – Delex Consulting, Studies and Analysis, “Thinking About a Day Without Sea Power: Implications for U.S. Defense Policy,” Heritage Foundation Global Implications. Under...in the billions of dollars.16
11/16/13
Khalid Sheikh Mohammad Aff---Terrorism DA---Wake
Tournament: Wake | Round: 4 | Opponent: Pittsburgh BW | Judge: Ron Stevenson Swanson US will prevent terrorism if it keeps all options on the table Engel, 2013, PROTECTING U.S. CITIZENS’ CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS DURING THE WAR ON TERROR, House Hearing, May 22, partner at Dechert, LLP law firm and former deputy assistant attorney general for the United States Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel and law clerk to US Supreme Court Justice Kennedy; Steven, p.64-5 What we need… prepared going forward.
Trials for detainees held in indefinite detention will disclose classified information Fox, 2013, Associated Press, US to review cases of Guantanamo prisoners previously deemed too dangerous to release, August 18, Ben, pfactiva As the U.S. renews… evidence," he said.
A nuclear terrorist attack against the U.S. will collapse the global economy, undermine civil rights, and cause nuclear escalation leading to extinction Daley, 2010, Apocalypse Never: Forging the Path to a Nuclear Weapon-Free World, J.D., Ph.D, heads the Abolishing War program of the Center for War/Peace Studies and former RAND Corporation member of the International Policy department; Tad, p. 52-55 The classic definition of risk...mind cannot comprehend."
Supreme Court in the 2001 Zadvydas decision held that Korematsu was dead law Herzig, 2002, Georgetown Immigration Law Journal, Is Korematsu Good Law in the Face of Terrorism? Procedural Due Process in the Security Versus Liberty Debate, Spring, J.D. Candidate, Georgetown University Law Center; Micah, p. 687-88 September 11, 2001… is dead law.
Korematsu precedent is dead law and detaining groups by racial classification is illegal and will never be upheld again Vladeck, 2010, JUSTICE JACKSON, INTERNMENT, AND THE RULE OF LAW AFTER THE BUSH ADMINISTRATION, in in WHEN GOVERNMENTS BREAK THE LAW: THE RULE OF LAW AND THE PROSECUTION OF THE BUSH ADMINISTRATION, Professor of Law, American University Washington College of Law; Stephen, p. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1595038 (accessed: 8-9-13) Ironically, perhaps because… Supreme Court in Korematsu.
Korematsu will never again be cited in future cases to justify mass detentions Dershowitz, 2008, Albany Law Review, VISIBILITY, ACCOUNTABILITY AND DISCOURSE AS ESSENTIAL TO DEMOCRACY: THE UNDERLYING THEME OF ALAN DERSHOWITZ’S WRITING AND TEACHING, Harvard law professor; Alan, p.755-6 The classic formulation… with regard to terrorism.
Zero risk of mass incarceration due to race—several reasons—we reject the use of internment by this author Green, 2011, Northwestern Law Review, ENDING THE KOREMATSU ERA: AN EARLY VIEW FROM THE WAR ON TERROR CASES, Summer, Temple law professor; Craig, p. footnote286 n286. Racist internment…. neoracist internment plan could be upheld.
Korematsu is not a loaded weapon as feared by Justice Jackson Cole, 2003, Michigan Law Review, Judging the next emergency: judicial review and individual rights in times of crisis, August, Professor, Georgetown University Law Center; David, p. 2575 The Court's decision… not do in future crises.
Korematsu precedent has not been cited to defend any executive detention decisions since 9-11 Greene, 2011, Harvard Law Review, THE ANTICANON, December, Associate Professor of Law, Columbia Law School; Jamal, p. 400-402 As indicated in Figure B… vociferous and public denial.
No solvency—Supreme Court will always defer to military necessity during crises—overruling Korematsu won’t change this Pushaw, 2011, Pepperdine Law Review, SUPREME MISTAKES: Explaining Korematsu: A Response to Dean Chemerinsky, December, James Wilson Endowed Professor, Pepperdine University School of Law; Robert, p.195-6 I believe that a Neo…. decisions in the future.
No solvency—Hirabayashi precedent allows for mass curfews against races Muller, 2011, North Carolina Law Review, HIRABAYASHI AND THE INVASION EVASION, Dan K. Moore Distinguished Professor in Jurisprudence and Ethics, University of North Carolina School of Law; Eric, p. 1335 The survival of Hirabayashi…. of such a measure.
No solvency—Bush lawyer’s cited other cases to uphold detention powers and avoided citing Korematsu Green, 2011, Northwestern Law Review, ENDING THE KOREMATSU ERA: AN EARLY VIEW FROM THE WAR ON TERROR CASES, Summer, Temple law professor; Craig, p.985-7 A main element of the… seem wildly exaggerated.
2NC/1NR---Case Defense---Korematsu
Korematsu’s precedent has been discredited and the Supreme Court admitted it was wrong in upholding an illegitimate racial classification Muller, 2011, North Carolina Law Review, HIRABAYASHI AND THE INVASION EVASION, Dan K. Moore Distinguished Professor in Jurisprudence and Ethics, University of North Carolina School of Law; Eric, p. 1334 Few decisions of… equally to both cases.
Post 9-11 events and court cases prove Korematsu has been repudiated by the government and the judiciary Vladeck, 2010, JUSTICE JACKSON, INTERNMENT, AND THE RULE OF LAW AFTER THE BUSH ADMINISTRATION, in in WHEN GOVERNMENTS BREAK THE LAW: THE RULE OF LAW AND THE PROSECUTION OF THE BUSH ADMINISTRATION, Professor of Law, American University Washington College of Law; Stephen, p. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1595038 (accessed: 8-9-13) Finally, perhaps the… Korematsu’s repudiation is complete.
Courts will never oppose Presidents taking unconstitutional actions during wartime—civil war proves Pushaw, 2011, Pepperdine Law Review, SUPREME MISTAKES: Explaining Korematsu: A Response to Dean Chemerinsky, December, James Wilson Endowed Professor, Pepperdine University School of Law; Robert, p.186-88
Use of the term “internment” is inappropriate—refers to a legal process for detaining nationals who are at war with the US—that term doesn’t apply to the Japanese who were illegally incarcerated Daniels, 2005, "Words Do Matter: A Note on Inappropriate Terminology and the Incarceration of the Japanese Americans." I n Louis Fiset and Gail Nomura, eds. Nikkei in the Pacific Northwest: Japanese Americans and Japanese Canadians in the Twentieth Century Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2005, Roger, pp. 183 207 On or about August 2, 1979,… American war crime.
Reject inappropriate labeling of the Japanese—language usage shapes reality—the affirmative’s labeling of the Japanese as being interned increases the risk of a future mass detention by re-inscribing the myth that the detention was done via legal channels Okamura, 1982, “The American Concentration Camps: A Cover-Up through Euphemistic Terminology,” The Journal of Ethnic Studies (Vol.10, No.3, 1982), Raymond, 95-109. The words used to depict… which people saw it.
Substantial: having great meaning Webster’s” having great meaning or lasting effect Increase: to become larger Webster’s: To become larger or greater in size Restrictions: limit action Jean Schiedler-Brown 12, Attorney, Jean Schiedler-Brown and Associates, Appellant Brief of Randall Kinchloe v. States Dept of Health, Washington, The Court of Appeals of the State of Washington, Division 1, http://www.courts.wa.gov/content/Briefs/A01/68642920Appellant20Randall20Kincheloe27s.pdf 3. The ordinary definition of…. repress or suppress, to curb.
Overruling Korematsu does not limit presidential war powers—the ruling and precedent is dead law and will never be applied to uphold presidential power Muller, 2002, West Virginia Law Review, 12/7 AND 9/11: WAR, LIBERTIES, AND THE LESSONS OF HISTORY, spring, Professor, University of North Carolina School of Law; Eric, p. 585-6 The fact is that the… let alone a majority.
11/5/13
NEPA Aff---Bio-Terrorism Defense---Wake
Tournament: Wake | Round: 8 | Opponent: Georgia DG | Judge: Nick Donlan 1NC---Bio-Terrorism Advantage Defense---
No risk of bioterrorism Keller, 2013, Bioterrorism and the Pandemic Potential, March 7, Analyst at Stratfor, Post-Doctoral Fellow at University of Colorado at Boulder Rebecca p .http://www.stratfor.com/weekly/bioterrorism-and-pandemic-potential It is important...awareness of the threat.
No extinction Gladwell, ‘95 Malcolm Gladwell, The New Republic, July 17 and 24, 1995, excerpted in Epidemics: Opposing Viewpoints, 1999, p. 31-32 Every infectious agent...microscopic life forms.
No impact – tons of examples prove low death rates Dove, 2012, Who’s Afraid of the Big, Bad Bioterrorist? PhD in Microbiology, science journalist and former Adjunct Professor at New York University; Alan, January 24, p. http://alandove.com/content/2012/01/whos-afraid-of-the-big-bad-bioterrorist/ The second problem is...any actual bioterrorists.
1NR---Bio-Terrorism Advantage Defense---
Nanotech will develop counter-measures against biological warfare Kosal, 2009, Nanotechnology for Chemical and Biological Defense, Georgia Institute of Technology professor, Margaret, p. 29-30 Among the many...decontamination and medical treatments.
Nanotechnology will improve defenses against chemical and biological use Kosal, 2009, Nanotechnology for Chemical and Biological Defense, Georgia Institute of Technology professor, Margaret, p. 121 Nanotechnology, as (described...science and technology.
And, no risk of escalation – evolution favors less virulent pathogens and medical science solves Posner, 05 (Richard, Judge 7th Circuit Court of Appeals, Skeptic, “Catastrophe”, 11:3, Proquest) Rapidly mutating viruses...And there is always a first time.
11/17/13
NEPA Aff---Ice Age DA---Wake
Tournament: Wake | Round: 8 | Opponent: Georgia DG | Judge: Nick Donlan 1NC---Ice Age DA---
Weakening Solar intensity will lead to a new Maunder minimum Little Ice Age soon Guimaraes 12, We could be at the doorsteps of another Ice Age, May 17, professor at Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG; Frederico, p. http://iceagenow.info/2012/05/doorsteps – ice – age/ Recent studies and...worldwide, not hotter.
Global warming is vital to offset the ice age Gunter 12, National Post, For climate cues, look to the sun, March 7, Lorne, pA14factiva Scientists who have...warming it can get.
Global cooling will cause Asian monsoon failure and mega – droughts – killing billions and destabilizing India and China Idso, Carter and Singer 11, Climate Change Reconsidered: 2011 Interim Report, Nongovernmental International Panel on Climate Change, Ph.D Chairman for the Center for the Study of Carbon Dioxide and Global Change; Ph.D Adjunct Research Fellow James Cook University; President of Science and Environmental Policy Project, and Professor Emeritus of Environmental Science, University of Virginia, p.;http://nipccreport.org/reports/2011/pdf/2011NIPCCinterimreport.pdf Moving next to...the Little Ice Age.
Monsoon failure and drought will cause a China – Russia nuclear war Cribb 10, The Coming Famine: The Global Food Crisis and What We Can Do to Avoid It, Adjunct Professor in Science Communication at the University of Technology Sydney and a fellow of the Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering; Julian, p.139 In China, where...change for humanity.
Extinction Sharavin, 01 (Alexander, Director of the Institute for Military and Political Analysis, What the Papers Say, Oct 3) Now, a few words...possible nuclear winter.
2NC---Ice Age DA---
Time-frame for cooling impacts happens before warming Casey, 2011, Cold Sun, President, Space and Science Research Corporation (SSRC) and former national space adviser to the White and Congress; John L, p. 59 The matter of...we have been told.
Turns volcanoes impact—only possible internal Casey, 2011, Cold Sun, President, Space and Science Research Corporation (SSRC) and former national space adviser to the White and Congress; John L, p. 7 According to my...high degree of certainty.
Solar activity decline will cause global cooling in this decade Solomon, 11-1-13, National Post, A global cooling consensus, Lawrence, p.11factiva In the 1960s and 1970s...before the storm.
Empirical evidence proves global cooling causes the outbreak of plagues and diseases Marusek, 2009, Solar “Grand Minima” Threat Analysis, June 3, Nuclear Physicist and Engineer, U.S. Department of the Navy, retired; James A., p. http://www.breadandbutterscience.com/SGMTA.pdf This table shows...in sub-Sahara Africa.
11/17/13
NEPA Aff---Indo-Pak DA---Wake
Tournament: Wake | Round: 8 | Opponent: Georgia DG | Judge: Nick Donlan 1NC---India DA---
Warming will intensify monsoon rains over India—Naidu study proves Naidu et. al. 12 Global and Planetary Change, vol. 92–93, July, Department of Meteorology and Oceanography, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India; C.V., p. 46 The present study...Guhathakurta et al. (2011).
Declining food production will cause Indo-Pakistan nuclear war Cribb 10 – The Coming Famine: The Global Food Crisis and What We Can Do to Avoid It, Adjunct Professor in Science Communication at the University of Technology Sydney and a fellow of the Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering; Julian, p.138 Declines in food...and Southeast Asia.
Deterrence doesn’t solve—deep seeded tensions outweigh NRDC, 02 - Natural Resourcse Defense Council (6/5/02, "The Consequences of Nuclear Conflict between India and Pakistan", http://www.nrdc.org/nuclear/southasia.asp, BCKANDKALLTHEWAY) NRDC disagrees. There...during the Cold War.
11/17/13
NEPA Aff---Oxygen DA---Wake
Tournament: Wake | Round: 8 | Opponent: Georgia DG | Judge: Nick Donlan Oxygen depletion is expanding dead zones now Indo-Asian News Service 12 – September 24, 2012, Experts warn of global 'water bankruptcy' pfactiva The report: 'Science...245,000 square km.
Warming increases oxygen levels in areas with deficits Gnanadesikan et. al. 12 Biogeosciences, vol. 9, Understanding why the volume of suboxic waters does not increase over centuries of global warming in an Earth System Model, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Johns Hopkins University; A, p. 1159 Global warming is expected...dissolved oxygen in such waters.
Declining oxygen kills ocean species and disrupts biogeochemical cycles Pierce et al. 11 Journal of Physical Oceanography, Declining oxygen in the Northeast Pacific, College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon; Stephen, p. Deoxygenation of the...productivity (Keeling et al.,2010).
Ocean bacteria key generating oxygen—key to human survival Earle 09 The World Is Blue: How Our Fate and the Ocean's Are One, National Geographic Explorer in resident, Sylvia, p. 54 One kind of blue-green...alone for oxygen.
11/17/13
NEPA Aff---Warming Defense---Wake
Tournament: Wake | Round: 8 | Opponent: Georgia DG | Judge: Nick Donlan 1NC---Warming Defense---
IPCC 5th report overestimates warming by 30 to 50--additional warming by 2100 will be only 1 degree Knappenberger, 10-14-13, Fundamental Flaws Debase IPCC 5th Assessment (‘Consensus Science’ on its death bed), Assistant Director of the Cato Institute’s Center for the Study of Science; M.S. degree in Environmental Sciences (1990) from the University of Virginia; Paul, p. http://www.masterresource.org/about/#chip The United Nations’ Intergovernmental...news might have entirely ignored.
Warming is beneficial up to 2.2 Celsius—higher yields and richer biodiversity Ridley, 10-23-13, Daily Telegraph, Let’s all give thanks to global warming, British scientist and journalist; Matt, pfactiva Climate change has...maybe richer biodiversity.
IPCC report is flawed—ignores empirical data in favor of unreliable models Knappenberger, 10-14-13, Fundamental Flaws Debase IPCC 5th Assessment (‘Consensus Science’ on its death bed), Assistant Director of the Cato Institute’s Center for the Study of Science; M.S. degree in Environmental Sciences (1990) from the University of Virginia; Paul, p. http://www.masterresource.org/about/#chip Several weeks ago, the...broader, more diverse community.
Even worst case scenarios don’t lead to extinction Hsu, 2010, Can Humans Survive? July 19, LiveScience senior writer, Jeremy, p. http://www.livescience.com/9956-humans-survive.html Even the worst-case...toward is counterproductive."
No runaway warming Goldblatt and Watson, 2012, The Runaway Greenhouse: implications for future climate change, geoengineering and planetary atmospheres, School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria; School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia; Colin, Andrew, p. http://arxiv.org/abs/1201.1593 The ultimate climate...to the atmosphere.
2NC---Warming Defense---
Human extinction scenarios are scare mongering without scientific basis Lomborg, 2010, Cool It: The Skeptical Environmentalists Guide to Global Warming, Copenhagen Business School professor, Bjorn, p. 69-70 Scaring the...inclined to take action.
And, each of their author’s warrants for warming triggering extinction are wrong--- First, mazo says warming causes extinction by undermining economies, triggering state failure---but warming won’t cause economic collapse Carraro study predicts slight increases in GDP for developed nations and slight decrease for developing under worst case scenarios Lomborg, 2010, Cool It: The Skeptical Environmentalists Guide to Global Warming, Copenhagen Business School Professor; Bjorn, p.173-4 In 2010, Professor...reduce heat deaths.
And, Flournoy says warming triggers extinction through arctic ice melting---but UQ goes our way---antarctica ice cover is increasing Morner, 2011, Evidence-Based Climate Science: Data opposing C02 emissions as the primary source of global warming, ed. by D. Easterbrook, former head of the Paleogeophysics and Geodynamics department at Stockholm University, Nils-Axel, p. 187-188 The ice cap in Antarctica...last 20 years (D'AIeo, 2007).
Global vegetation models are flawed methods of predicting species extinction because species react individually, not as a group Pearson, 2011, Driven to Extinction: The Impact of Climate Change on Biodiversity, Oxford Ph.D; scientist at the American Museum of Natural History; Richard, p. 105-6 One limitation...will disband in the future.
Models are flawed for ignoring ability of species to migrate and adapt Bellard, et. al., 2012, Ecology Letters, Vol. 15, Impacts of climate change on the future of biodiversity, 1Ecologie, Syste´matique and Evolution, UMR-CNRS 8079, Univ. Paris Sud; Celine, p. 373 Current global extinction...past could improve models outputs (Dawson et al. 2011; McMahon et al. 2011).
New satellite data show ice melt from Greenland and Antarctica is overestimated by 30 and sea rise is only 1 inch higher than last century Michaels, 2012, Forbes, February 10, An Unsettling Week For Global Warming's 'Settled Science', PhD in climatology from University of Wisconsin; senior research fellow for Research and Economic Development at George Mason University, and a senior fellow in environmental studies at the Cato Institute; Patrick, p. http://www.forbes.com/sites/patrickmichaels/2012/02/10/an-unsettling-week-for-global-warmings-settled-science/ In addition, the GRACE...was observed last century.
Hendriks meta-analysis concludes acidification will have moderate effects on ocean species—some will even benefit Hendriks, et. al., 2010, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, Vulnerability of marine biodiversity to ocean acidification: A meta-analysis, Department of Global Change Research. IMEDEA; I.E., p. doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2009.11.022. The meta-analysis...growth under elevated pCO2.
11/17/13
Politics---Harvard---CIR
Tournament: Harvard | Round: 1 | Opponent: Kansas State MR | Judge: Mike Krueger CIR will pass--Obama is pushing as his top priority and momentum exists for passage Clift, 10-25-13, The Daily Beast, Obama, Congress Get Back to the Immigration Fight political reporters for The Daily Beast; Eleanor, p. http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/10/25/obama-congress-get-back-to-the-immigration-fight.html After months of relative quiet… history and demography.
Drone court sparks political battles and draws in Obama – fight congressional restrictions Hosenball, 2013 (Mark, “Support grows for U.S. "drone court" to review lethal strikes”, 2/8, http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/02/09/us-usa-drones-idUSBRE91800B20130209) During a fresh round… drone attack in Yemen in 2011.
Presidential war power battles expend capital and spill over to other agenda items O’Neil, 2007, Vanderbilt Law Review, “The Political Safeguards of Executive Privilege”, Adjunct Associate Professor of Law, Fordham Law School; David, 60 Vand. L. Rev. 1079, lexis Conscious Pursuit of Institutional… resolution "becomes vastly more difficult."
Great power wars Khalilzad, 2011, National Review Online, “The Economy and National Security,” United States ambassador to Afghanistan, Iraq, and the United Nations during the presidency of George W. Bush and the director of policy planning at the Defense Department from 1990 to 1992; Zalmay, p. http://www.nationalreview.com/articles/259024/economy-and-national-security-zalmay-khalilzad Today, economic and fiscal… dangerous era of multi-polarity.
11/5/13
Politics---Wake---Iran
Tournament: Wake | Round: 2 | Opponent: Samford BM | Judge: Sarah Spring Iran nuclear deal will be achieved unless Congress imposes new sanctions—negotiation failure will cause proliferation and Middle East war Kahl, 11-13-13, House Committee on Foreign Affairs hearing, Examining Nuclear Negotiations: Iran After Rouhani’s First 100 Days, Associate Professor, Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service, Georgetown University Senior Fellow and Director, Middle East Security Program, Center for a New American Security; Colin, p. http://docs.house.gov/meetings/FA/FA00/20131113/101478/HHRG-113-FA00-Wstate-KahlC-20131113.pdf The long-simmering....undermine the prospects for success.
Iran proliferation causes nuclear war Edelman, 2011, Foreign Affairs, Jan/Feb, The Dangers of a Nuclear Iran, distinguished fellow – Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments; Eric, p. The reports of the Congressional Commission on the Strategic Posture of the United States and the Commission on the Prevention Of Weapons of Mass Destruction Proliferation...triggering a regional nuclear war.
11/16/13
Slave Ship Aff---Case---Wake
Tournament: Wake | Round: 5 | Opponent: Oklahoma BC | Judge: Sam Allen 1NC---Slave Ship Aff---Case---
Blacks aren’t ontologically dead and Wilderson offers no alternative SAE?R MATY BA?, teaches film at Portsmouth University, September 2011 "The US Decentred: From Black Social Death to Cultural Transformation" book review of Red, Black and White: Cinema and the Structure of US Antagonisms and Mama Africa: Reinventing Blackness in Bahia, Cultural Studies Review volume 17 number 2 http://epress.lib.uts.edu.au/journals/index.php/csrj/index pp. 381–91 Red, White and...answers in tow.’ (340)
Wilderson’s US-centric approach ignores the African diaspora, ignores women, and presents no solution. The alternative is to vote negative as an act of imagining a place beyond boundaries. Rather than burn down the state, the alternative is a creative, constructive approach to imagine a better world, even if it can never exist. BÂ 2011 (SAËR MATY, Professor at PORTSMOUTH UNIVERSITY, “The US Decentred From Black Social Death to Cultural Transformation” Cultural Studies Review volume 17 number 2 September 2011 http://epress.lib.uts.edu.au/journals/index.php/csrj/index pp. 381–91) And yet Wilderson’s...subordination and power. (175)
Over-determining epistemology and ontology robs the aff of its transformative potential Owen, 2K2 (David, Reader in Political Theory at the University of Southampton “Re-orienting International Relations: On pragmatism, pluralism and practical reasoning” Millennium 31) The first danger...empirical validity.
All paradigms are imperfect---pragmatism’s paradigm accomplishes material change better than their dogmatic, radical theories of nature Hirokawa, 02 – L.L.M., Northwestern School of Law of Lewis and Clark College; J.D., University of Connecticut (Keith, “Some Pragmatic Observations about Radical Critique In Environmental Law”, 21 Stanford Environmental Law Journal, 225, June 2002, Lexis Nexis Law Review, BCKANDKALLTHEWAY) A pragmatic approach...unpersuasive, dogmatic camp.
Ontology must be secondary to the prior question of political practice Jarvis 00 (Darryl, Senior Lecturer in International Relations – University of Sydney, International Relations and the Challenge of Postmodernism, p. 128-9) More is the pity...struggle at marginal places.
Focusing on disrupting whiteness generates a black/white binary---that re-inscribes oppression Harris 6 (Cheryl – Professor of Law, UCLA School of Law; Faculty Director, Critical Race Studies Program. B.A., Wellesley College; J.D., Northwestern University, “Review Essay: Whitewashing Race: Scapegoating Culture”, 2006, 94 Calif. L. Rev. 907, lexis) I The Project A. About...discourse about race and racism.
1NR---Slave Ship Aff---Case---
This paradigm actively places non-black minorities as aliens within society---that results in racial exclusion and socially constructs multiple threats Lugay 5 (Arvin – J.D., University of California, Berkeley School of Law, “Book Review: "In Defense of Internment": Why Some Americans Are More "Equal" than Others”, 2005, 12 Asian L.J. 209, lexis) This black/white...Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments.
The inevitable result is extermination---the process of otherization necessitates global destruction Stein 7 (Howard, PhD and Full Professor in the Department of Family and Preventive Medicine – University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Journal of Organizational Psychodynamics, Spring, (1)1) Despite the fact...industries of extermination. (ibid.)
No social death---history proves Brown 9 Vincent, Prof. of History and African and African-American Studies @ Harvard Univ., December, "Social Death and Political Life in the Study of Slavery," American Historical Review, p. 1231-1249 THE PREMISE OF ORLANDO...orientation, and identity.”40
Focusing on ontology leads to narcissistic “naval gazing” as atrocities continue to happen around the world Graham, 99 Graduate of Management @ Univ. of Queensland, “Heidegger’s Hippies: A dissenting voice on the “problem of the subject” in cyberspace”, Pg Online Giddens’s claims...the least of all worries.
11/17/13
Slave Ship Aff---Framework---Wake
Tournament: Wake | Round: 5 | Opponent: Oklahoma BC | Judge: Sam Allen Our framework is that EITHER the affirmative must defend the United States federal government (USFG) as an agent OR the affirmative must instrumentally decrease presidential war powers through statutory or judicial restrictions.
They don’t meet this framework---they metaphorically burn down the slave ship which uses neither the USFG nor does the aff defend an increase in energy production.
Numerous definitions prove they don’t meet—first is the federal government portion—
The UNITED STATES FEDERAL GOVERNMENT IS “the executive and legislative and judicial branches of the federal government of the US” FROM WORD NET 1997
Second is the restriction on war powers portion— Restrictions: limit action Jean Schiedler-Brown 12, Attorney, Jean Schiedler-Brown and Associates, Appellant Brief of Randall Kinchloe v. States Dept of Health, Washington, The Court of Appeals of the State of Washington, Division 1, http://www.courts.wa.gov/content/Briefs/A01/68642920Appellant20Randall20Kincheloe27s.pdf 3. The ordinary definition...repress or suppress, to curb.
Our framework is the best middle ground and good--- First is the theoretical portion---establishing a subject of contest is the only *predictable interpretation* to give *meaning* to terms---this precedes their impact turns Ruth Lessl Shively, Assoc Prof Polisci at Texas AandM, 2000 Political Theory and Partisan Politics p. 181-2 The requirements given...basic agreement or harmony.
Our interpretation solves their offense---our argument isn’t that USFG action should be an *exclusive* focus, but *must be* affirmed in combination with their advocacy. Their refusal to answer the resolutional question artificially distorts the literature base, collapsing all advocacy Mitchell and Suzuki, 04. Gordon and Takeshi, Professors at the University of Pittsburgh and Tsuda College, Tokyo, “Beyond The Daily Me: ARGUMENTATION in an age of Enclave Deliberation,” Paper presented at the Second Tokyo Conference on Argumentation, August 2-5, 2004, Tokyo, Japan, http://www.pitt.edu/~gordonm/JPubs/MitchellSuzuki3.rtf. The Daily Me...modes of argumentative praxis.
Second are the net benefits to our framework---subpoint A is decisionmaking---debate over a controversial point of action creates argumentative stasis---that avoids a devolution of debate into competing truth claims, which destroys the decision-making benefits of the activity Steinberg, lecturer of communication studies – University of Miami, and Freeley, Boston based attorney who focuses on criminal, personal injury and civil rights law, ‘8 (David L. and Austin J., Argumentation and Debate: Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making p. 45) Debate is a means...in the following discussion.
This is especially true in the context of our war powers portion of the violation---only engagement with the state national security apparatus inculcates agency and decision-making skills---this enables activism and avoids cooption Laura K. Donohue, Associate Professor of Law, Georgetown Law, 4/11/13, National Security Law Pedagogy and the Role of Simulations, http://jnslp.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/National-Security-Law-Pedagogy-and-the-Role-of-Simulations.pdf The concept of simulations...years to come.
Subpoint B is knowledge---the debate space is a social institution---democratic deliberation through research-based policy discussions democratize knowledge and are the only cure for declining participation, the alt cedes debate Lake, Grand Valley State University, Fall 2012 Project Muse - Danielle, “Restructuring Science, Re-Engaging Society,” The Pluralist, Volume 7, Number 3, Fall 2012 SM Democratic Deliberation¶ In...and broader society.
Third is our advocacy---we advocate “meliorism” as a policy of incrementalism---the pedagogical success of environmental debates rests upon ways to avoid pessimism---“meliorism” abandons radical hopes that disincentivize action Sheppard, Ph.D, Department of Philosophy, University of Missouri – Kansas City, 2004 James, “Reducing Pessimism’s Sway in the Environmental Ethics Classroom, Worldviews 8,2-3 213-226 SM In any course...incrementalism as a norm.
