Tournament: Monmouth | Round: 5 | Opponent: Army LS | Judge: Samantha Godbey

We criticize American Exceptionalism and how it needs to be tied in with biopolitics so that we can understand how the new biopolitical order functions

Agamben’ 95(Georgio, Best Professor at THE EUROPEAN GADUATE SCHOOL, Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life:, p.104-105)philorbill

"The entire character of homo sacer shows that it was not born on the
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nor beast, and who dwells paradoxically within both while belonging to neither.

I hope you didn’t think there was going to be a tag
Spanos’11 (William, Author that has been used to win CEDA National Championships and an older version of William Shanahan, The monumental work called The Exceptionalist State and the State of Exception, p. 143-144) Bill Shanahan
"It has been primarily this momentous domestic/global initiative on the part of
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ontology in which the state of exception—and the ’camp’—is latent

What is a tag?
Spanos’08 (William, sometimes confused as Santa Claus, Herman Melville and the American Calling, p.226) Shanahan 

In Billy Budd, the novella he was working on in 1891, the last
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in¶ American that I outlined in the first chapter of this book. 

Quite a gloomy day today
Spanos’11 (William, Professor at Binghamton, "The Exceptionalist State and
the State of Exception
Herman Melville’s Billy Budd, Sailor" p.146-147) Shanahan 
Let me put this invocation of the late Melville succinctly, if all too broadly
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Budd in the larger context of the Nore¶ Mutiny and the Napoleonic wars

I like long walks on the beach

TESFAHUNEY 26 DAHLSTEDT’ 08 (MEKONNEN and MAGNUS, Linköping University, Department of Social and Welfare Studies, "Maze of Camps: (Im)mobilities, Racism 26 Geographies of Exception", Pg.175
http://www.academia.edu/309787/Maze_of_Camps_Im_mobilities_Racism_and_Geographies_of_Exception)//pg**
According to Agamben, it is neither the prison nor the city that constitutes the
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of its "regimes of terror" (Mbembe,¶ Necropolitics¶ 22)

I’m running out of ideas here
Spanos’11 (William, Professor at Binghamton, "The Exceptionalist State and
the State of Exception
Herman Melville’s Billy Budd, Sailor" p.162-163) Shanahan 
Melville’s politics, Billy Budd implies, is, in fact, akin to Schmitt’s
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the itinerary that ends in the violence of the state of¶ exception:

Tournament: Kentucky | Round: 3 | Opponent: North Texas KM | Judge: Blake Hallinan

The politics of the Aff is an inclusion through exclusion: their demarcation of red people creates hierarchies and locks out coalitional politics

Kurz 11 (Joshua, PhD Candidate in Department of Comparative Studies at Ohio State University, the self, http://joshuajkurz.wordpress.com/tag/deleuze/)**
1) Self as identity: The concept of identity is basically the question of
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as it is merely the momentary coagulation of a limited infinite number of possibilities
?
The rigid stance against white history marks the Aff to be classified and destroyed by the state
Halsey 07 (Mark, Associate Professor of Law at Flinders University "Deleuze/Guattari and the Ada Tree" http://rhizomes.net/issue15/halsey/index.html)

What holds the earth together is difference not resemblance. ’The problem of classification was
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—killing the divisions between nature and culture, between tree and forest, 

The State can and will coopt their movement and draw it to re-assert itself in the face of other forms of resistance

Marzec 01 (Robert, "The War Machine and Capitalism", Rhizomes, 3, 2001, http://www.rhizomes.net/issue3/index.html)

Here we come to the root of the problem, the crucial moment when deterritorialization
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, allows itself to be incorporated from the ground up by the State.

The ideology that saw the Indigenous American as inferior and reducable was one that cast animal status upon them – it was the hallmark of their oppression, brutalization, and removal from lands and served as intellectual mold for America’s understanding of their position and plight.

Roberts 08 (Mark S. Roberts, member of the Department of Philosophy at Suffolk County Community College in New York. The Mark of the Beast: Animality and Human Oppression ISBN: 978-1-55753-474-3 P.54-56) RJG

The aforementioned native American Indians are yet another example of the tactics of colonization,
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were a charity to the Creator’s worthier insects and reptiles which he oppresses."
This general, mainstream contempt for American Indians, and the desire, both in
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lands, after which they were marched impossibly long distances to be relocated.
Exemplary of these kinds of forced marches is the infamous Trail of Tears, the
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devastating toll on the southern tribes, as described aptly in the following:
Many thousands did not survive the trip. The eastern Cherokees lost an estimated one
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public outcry against contractor cupidity in jamming the unwilling emigrants on unseaworthy vessels.)
As is the case with most brutalizations of humans, the expulsions were ultimately successful
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strafed by carbines and shrapnel cannons. The) descriptions speak for themselves:
~T~hen the big Hotchkiss guns on the hill opened up on them
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at very nearly three hundred of the original350 men, women and children.
With so many "shot like buffalo," Wounded Knee effectively ended the several-
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colonizing control, visibility, as Foucault contends, surely was a trap. 

The refusal to explore the intersections of oppression and meaning enables legal definitions over what constitutes war and humanity, preventing a larger discussion of power structures, sanctioning war and violence.

Kochi 9 (Tarik;  Law, Culture, and the Humanities, "Species War: Law, Violence, and Animals", 353-359)

In everyday speech, in the words of the media, politicians, protestors,
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suggestion that at the foundation of the Law of war resides species war.

~Continues~

Grotius and Hobbes are sometimes described as setting out a prudential approach,28 or
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of life preferred for preservation within the early modern juridical ordering of war.

This ongoing silence is not a neutral act, but rather actively participates in modes of oppression that serve as a prerequisite to mass extermination. This denies us the opportunity to gain the needed knowledge and skills necessary to challenge hegemonic institutions of power.

Spiegel 1996 (Marjorie ~founder for the Institute for the Development of Earth Awareness~ The Dreaded Comparison: Human and Animal Slavery, New York, Mirror Books) p.69-77 jl

What is at work here in both these instances, is an attempt by society
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why they have come to commit their violence and crave control over others.

These demarcations of value over who is granted personhood can be traced back historically through countless intersecting modes of oppression.

Best ’07 (~Steven: Associate Professor, Departments of Humanities and Philosophy at the University of Texas, El Paso~, Journal for critical Animal Studies, Volume V, Issue 2, "The Eternal Treblinka...Reviewed by Dr. Steven Best," Pages 2-5, d/l: http://www.drstevebest.org/EternalTriblenka.pdf) be

It is little understood that the first form of oppression, domination, and hierarchy
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through the same rail lines paths used to¶ transport and slaughter animals.

Tournament: Monmouth | Round: 2 | Opponent: Army AH | Judge: Janna White

The 1AC is an examination of the language of war. It states why we should change the scenerios for entering war and why it is important to change the language of war. However, the aff fails to realize  how the term war is defined only in the realm of human action. It doesn’t address the hidden foundation of the jurdidical language of war which is the species war.

Kochi 9 (Tarik;  Law, Culture, and the Humanities, "Species War: Law, Violence, and Animals", 353-359)

In everyday speech, in the words of the media, politicians, protestors,
AND
suggestion that at the foundation of the Law of war resides species war.

Without addressing the species war there is always going to be a possibility of future war against the nonhuman because the discursive production of both nationalism and racism are based on the figure of "the Animal" allowing humanity to dehumanize "the enemy". It is this binary that creates endless war.

Iveson 10/05/2013 (~Richard: PhD from the Centre for Cultural Studies at Goldsmiths, University of London; research interests include critical animal studies and animal liberation; continental philosophy (with focus on Nietzsche, Heidegger and Derrida); posthumanism amongst others.~, "Zoogenesis: Thinking Encounter with Animals," pgs. 193-196, pdf) be

Such problematising of the friend-enemy dichotomy thus inevitably returns us to the place
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, we find yet another question of the nonplace of¶ the Origin.

The Aff destroys politics with their pretend scenarios-only through a destruction of identity politics can we resist structures

Puar 07 (Jasbir, Professor of Women’s and Gender Studies at Rutgers, "Terrorist Assemblages: Homonationalism In Queer Times," The Ascendency of Whiteness, pg xv-xx)ds

The tempo of always-becoming is in part what Achille Mbembe, writing about
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eflce, not as cold knowledge, but as a transformative recognition. " 

In order to stop the biopolitical catastrophe caused by the anthropological machine we must jam the machine by doing the pain staking yet humbling work of beginning a criticism that eliminates the process of placing humans beings on a pedestal that codifies human excellence.

Agamben 04 (Giorgio, Italian Continental Philosopher and current Professor at Accademia di Archiettura Mendrisio, "The open: Man and animal," Stanford University Press, pg. 79-80)ds

Let us try to state the provisional results of our reading of Western philosophy’s anthropological
AND
object of mastery, but is thought as such, as pure abandonment.

The concept of "life" is one that gets articulated and divided through the caesura created by the anthropological machine. It is this machine that has created the distinction between nonhuman/human, organic/ animal, etc inorder for it to be able to protect the lives that it sees as valuable by killing anything that is oppositional.

Agamben 04 (Giorgio, Italian Continental Philosopher and current Professor at Accademia di Archiettura Mendrisio, "The open: Man and animal," Stanford University Press, pg. 13-14)ds

For anyone undertaking a genealogical study of the concept of "life" in our
AND
some way, on that darker one which separates us from the animal.

If the anthropological machine is not stopped it will continue to create caesura which function through exclusion and deeming certain lives as bare life. Bare life allows the state of exception to thrive and violently kill any life that the machine places on the periphery.

Agamben 04 (Giorgio, Italian Continental Philosopher and current Professor at Accademia di Archiettura Mendrisio, "The open: Man and animal," Stanford University Press, pg. 36-28)ds

¶ What distinguishes man from animal is language, but this is not a natural
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work so that we might, eventually, be able to stop them.

The Sovereign uses the façade of inclusion to consolidate those with privilege to continue global violence

Puar 07 (Jasbir, Professor of Women’s and Gender Studies at Rutgers, "Terrorist Assemblages: Homonationalism In Queer Times," The Ascendency of Whiteness, p.28-29)ds

?The factioning, fractioning, and fractalizing of identity is a prime activity of
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of compul- sory heterosexuality and thus is the breeding ground for homophobia.

We advocate using queerness as an assemblage that is spatially and temporally contingent allowing us to dismantle the dominant representational politics that feed exceptionalism.

Puar’07 (Jasbir, Professor of Women’s and Gender Studies at Rutgers, Terrorist Assemblages Homonationalism Queer Times, p. 204-205)pg

These are queer times indeed, temporal assemblages hooked into an array¶ of enduring
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, swirl together, and transmit affects and¶ effects to each other.

We advocate for assemblages- a methodology that doesn’t reiterate distinctions, but rather examines the relationships between bodies and institutions.

Puar’07 (Jasbir, Professor of Women’s and Gender Studies at Rutgers, Terrorist Assemblages Homonationalism Queer Times, p. 209-210)pg
This book is a labor of passion that, in its wholehearted embracing of representational
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or refusing the visible and invisible markings and effects of desiring¶ production.

Tournament: Monmouth | Round: 4 | Opponent: Army HM | Judge: Will Baker

The 1AC is an examination of the language of war. It states why we should change the scenerios for entering war and why it is important to change the language of war. However, the aff fails to realize  how the term war is defined only in the realm of human action. It doesn’t address the hidden foundation of the jurdidical language of war which is the species war.

Kochi 9 (Tarik;  Law, Culture, and the Humanities, "Species War: Law, Violence, and Animals", 353-359)

In everyday speech, in the words of the media, politicians, protestors,
AND
suggestion that at the foundation of the Law of war resides species war.

Without addressing the species war there is always going to be a possibility of future war against the nonhuman because the discursive production of both nationalism and racism are based on the figure of "the Animal" allowing humanity to dehumanize "the enemy". It is this binary that creates endless war.

Iveson 10/05/2013 (~Richard: PhD from the Centre for Cultural Studies at Goldsmiths, University of London; research interests include critical animal studies and animal liberation; continental philosophy (with focus on Nietzsche, Heidegger and Derrida); posthumanism amongst others.~, "Zoogenesis: Thinking Encounter with Animals," pgs. 193-196, pdf) be

Such problematising of the friend-enemy dichotomy thus inevitably returns us to the place
AND
, we find yet another question of the nonplace of¶ the Origin.

Freire’s project is flagrantly anthropocentric- their Freire ev is damning, when it says things like "To affirm that men and women are persons and as persons should be free, and yet to do nothing tangible to make this affirmation a reality, is a farce."- this is super problematic when the reason to vote for the Aff in CX is Freire

Sandra Tan 1998 ~OISE/UT – Toronto Book Review: Pedagogy of The Oppressed http://www.paulofreireinstitute.org/Documents/bookreview-PF1970_by_Tan.html~~**
While being mindful of Freire’s reverence for the world of the oppressed Oman’ (and
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where similar worldviews have justified the dehumanization and enslavement of certain groups of people

Content—Speaking on behalf of yourself and your personal location in an endless circle of self-regard—the alternative’s narrative of denucleation is best.

Davy 3 (Barbara Jane, Ph.D. at Concordia University, Montreal, and currently serves as President of the Environmental Studies Association of Canada, The Trumpeter  Volume 19, Number 3shree)

According to Emmanuel Levinas, ethics arise in the face of the other; as  
AND
is meaningful, and is oriented toward others rather than  self-centred. 

In order to stop the biopolitical catastrophe caused by the anthropological machine we must jam the machine by doing the pain staking yet humbling work of beginning a criticism that eliminates the process of placing humans beings on a pedestal that codifies human excellence.

Agamben 04 (Giorgio, Italian Continental Philosopher and current Professor at Accademia di Archiettura Mendrisio, "The open: Man and animal," Stanford University Press, pg. 79-80)ds

Let us try to state the provisional results of our reading of Western philosophy’s anthropological
AND
object of mastery, but is thought as such, as pure abandonment.

The concept of "life" is one that gets articulated and divided through the caesura created by the anthropological machine. It is this machine that has created the distinction between nonhuman/human, organic/ animal, etc inorder for it to be able to protect the lives that it sees as valuable by killing anything that is oppositional.

Agamben 04 (Giorgio, Italian Continental Philosopher and current Professor at Accademia di Archiettura Mendrisio, "The open: Man and animal," Stanford University Press, pg. 13-14)ds

For anyone undertaking a genealogical study of the concept of "life" in our
AND
some way, on that darker one which separates us from the animal.

If the anthropological machine is not stopped it will continue to create caesura which function through exclusion and deeming certain lives as bare life. Bare life allows the state of exception to thrive and violently kill any life that the machine places on the periphery.

Agamben 04 (Giorgio, Italian Continental Philosopher and current Professor at Accademia di Archiettura Mendrisio, "The open: Man and animal," Stanford University Press, pg. 36-28)ds

¶ What distinguishes man from animal is language, but this is not a natural
AND
work so that we might, eventually, be able to stop them.

The Sovereign uses the façade of inclusion to consolidate those with privilege to continue global violence

Puar 07 (Jasbir, Professor of Women’s and Gender Studies at Rutgers, "Terrorist Assemblages: Homonationalism In Queer Times," The Ascendency of Whiteness, p.28-29)ds

?The factioning, fractioning, and fractalizing of identity is a prime activity of
AND
of compul- sory heterosexuality and thus is the breeding ground for homophobia.

We advocate using queerness as an assemblage that is spatially and temporally contingent allowing us to dismantle the dominant representational politics that feed exceptionalism.

Puar’07 (Jasbir, Professor of Women’s and Gender Studies at Rutgers, Terrorist Assemblages Homonationalism Queer Times, p. 204-205)pg

These are queer times indeed, temporal assemblages hooked into an array¶ of enduring
AND
, swirl together, and transmit affects and¶ effects to each other.