The nation’s top …achieve those objectives.” Fiating military strategy change without consultation destroys cmr Allen and Coates 2010 Colonel Charles D. (U.S. Army, Ret.) Professor of Cultural Science in the Department of Command, Leadership, and Management at the U.S. Army War College.. and Breena E., Professor of Strategic Management and Org. Behavior. United States Army War College. The Engagement of Military Voice Winter 2009-10 The second error…and operational missions.
CMR’s key to military effectiveness and readiness Hoffman 7 – Frank Hoffman, retired U.S. Marine Corps officer, December 2007, “Bridging the civil-military gap,” Armed Forces Journal, online: http://www.armedforcesjournal.com/2007/12/3144666 What Ricks detected… to its warrior class.”
Readiness is key to prevent war with great power adversaries Feldstein 07 - Professor of Economics @ Harvard University Martin Feldstein (President and CEO of the National Bureau of Economic Research.), "The Underfunded Pentagon," Foreign Affairs, March /April 2007, Volume 86 • Number 2 Deterring other great …U.S. military structure.
10/7/13
1NC Framework
Tournament: UK | Round: 3 | Opponent: Dartmouth KS | Judge: Sharee The affirmative’s failure to advance a topical defense of federal policy in the direction of the resolution undermines debate’s transformative and intellectual potential.
The resolution indicates affs should advocate topical government change Ericson 3 (Jon M., Dean Emeritus of the College of Liberal Arts – California Polytechnic U., et al., The Debater’s Guide, Third Edition, p. 4) The Proposition of Policy:...action that you propose.
Reject them-- Topical fairness requirements are key to effective dialogue—monopolizing strategy and prep makes the discussion one-sided and subverts any meaningful neg role Galloway 7 – professor of communications at Samford University (Ryan, “Dinner And Conversation At The Argumentative Table: Reconceptualizing Debate As An Argumentative Dialogue”, Contemporary Argumentation and Debate, Vol. 28 (2007), ebsco) Debate as a ...of topical advocacy.
A limited topic of discussion that provides for equitable ground is key to productive inculcation of decision-making and advocacy skills in every and all facets of life—-even if their position is contestable that’s distinct from it being valuably debatable—-this still provides room for flexibility, creativity, and innovation, but targets the discussion to avoid mere statements of fact—T debates also solve any possible turn Steinberg 26 Freeley 8 *Austin J. Freeley is a Boston based attorney who focuses on criminal, personal injury and civil rights law, AND David L. Steinberg , Lecturer of Communication Studies @ U Miami, Argumentation and Debate: Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making pp45- Debate is a means ...the following discussion.
Effective decision-making outweighs—- Only portable skill—-means our framework turns case Steinberg 26 Freeley 8 *Austin J. Freeley is a Boston based attorney who focuses on criminal, personal injury and civil rights law, AND David L. Steinberg , Lecturer of Communication Studies @ U Miami, Argumentation and Debate: Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making pp9-10 After several days of ...favored political candidate.
Constraints are key to creativity---challenging ourselves to innovate within the confines of rules creates far more creative responses than starting with a blank slate Mayer 6 – Marissa Ann Mayer, vice-president for search products and user experience at Google, February 13, 2006, “Creativity Loves Constraints,” online: http://www.businessweek.com/print/magazine/content/06_07/b3971144.htm?chan=gl When people think...(a canvas that is marked).
10/7/13
1NC NMS CP
Tournament: UK | Round: 2 | Opponent: MSU CZ | Judge: Nick Ryan Text: the Chair of the Joint Chiefs of Staff of the United States should issue a national military strategy, and corresponding strategic concept focused on implementation, that Plan is necessary to achieve that national security goals of the United States. We’ll clarify.
Competes – the CP doesn’t mandate the plan. It issues a recommendation that results in policy change.
Solves – NMS is a keystone document that shapes military policy – it integrates consultation between Congress and the DOD, building broad support for the plan Meinhart 8 (Dr. Richard M., Professor of Defense and Joint Processes at the U.S. Army War College, “National Military Strategies: 1990 to 2007”, National Security Policy and Strategy, Ed. Bartholomees, June, http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTR Doc?AD=ADA482688andLocation=U2anddoc=GetTRDoc.pdf) CONCLUSION The National Military …global security environment.
10/7/13
1NC Prez Flex Disad
Tournament: UK | Round: 6 | Opponent: Pittsburgh BC | Judge: James Schultz Obama’s Syria maneuver has maximized presidential war powers because it’s on his terms Posner 9/3, Law Prof at University of Chicago (Eric, Obama Is Only Making His War Powers Mightier, www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/view_from_chicago/2013/09/obama_going_to_congress_on_syria_he_s_actually_strengthening_the_war_powers.html) President Obama’s surprise...in his way.
Perception of weak Presidential crisis response collapses heg John R. Bolton 9, Senior fellow at the American Enterprise Institute and Former U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, “The danger of Obama's dithering,” Los Angeles Times, October 18, http://articles.latimes.com/2009/oct/18/opinion/oe-bolton18 Weakness in American...weakness and indecision.
Hegemony solves great power war Khalilzad 11 – Zalmay Khalilzad, the United States ambassador to Afghanistan, Iraq, and the United Nations during the presidency of George W. Bush and the director of policy planning at the Defense Department from 1990 to 1992, February 8, 2011, “The Economy and National Security; If we don’t get our economic house in order, we risk a new era of multi-polarity,” online: http://www.nationalreview.com/articles/259024/economy-and-national-security-zalmay-khalilzad We face this domestic...hegemony and aggression.
10/7/13
1NC Terrorism Disad
Tournament: UK | Round: 3 | Opponent: Dartmouth KS | Judge: Sharee Large scale terrorist attacks unlikely but attempts still happen Keen and Hamilton 13 ( Thomas Kean and Lee Hamilton, Kean was the 9/11 commission chairman, Lee is a member of the U.S. Homeland Security Advisory Council, September 9th 2013, USA Today, “ Kean/Hamilton: Terror Threat Far Different from 2001”, http://www.usatoday.com/story/opinion/2013/09/09/tom-kean-and-lee-hamilton-on-terror-anniversary/2762527/) Today, the threat...often without warning.
Targeted killings are the only way to reach key terrorist groups Wittes 2013—Benjamin Wittes is editor in chief of Lawfare and a Senior Fellow in Governance Studies at the Brookings Institution, “In Defense of the Administration on Targeted Killing of Americans” http://www.lawfareblog.com/2013/02/in-defense-of-the-administration-on-targeted-killing-of-americans/ Again, this point...attack this country.
Nuke terror causes extinction---equivalent to full-scale nuclear war Owen B. Toon 7, chair of the Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences at CU-Boulder, et al., April 19, 2007, “Atmospheric effects and societal consequences of regional scale nuclear conflicts and acts of individual nuclear terrorism,” online: http://climate.envsci.rutgers.edu/pdf/acp-7-1973-2007.pdf To an increasing...and physical outcomes.
10/7/13
1NC Virilio K
Tournament: UK | Round: 2 | Opponent: MSU CZ | Judge: Nick Ryan Our worship of acceleration makes a catastrophic Accident inevitable—the politics of speed turn the case and guarantee war and extinction Sykes, 2009 – graduate student at the university of north texas (Jason, “Paul Virilio’s critique of speed, technology, and institutions”, pdf available online) In Virlio’s view,… speed. (Virilio, 1983, pg. 35)” This increasing speed makes it impossible for policymakers to judge the consequences of their actions. This blurs the distinction between war and peace, creating a “pure war” where all targets are legitimate. Only fracturing the solitary control over the production of war can stop the lock-step march toward authoritarianism. James, ‘7 Ian James, professor of philosophy and French at Cambridge, Ph.D. from Warwick University; “Paul Virilio: (Routledge Critical Thinkers);” published 2007; pages 72-74. By situating the…of the other.
The alternative is to brake—academic discussions must slow down and critically investigate the politics of speed before we come to a decision. Your responsibility as an intellectual is to vote negative to reject the trans-politics of the aff and their perpetuation of dromocratic war. This is the only way to reinvent politics. A neg ballot acts as a site of popular resistance against dramatic politics. Glezos 2009 - Ph.D. in political theory and international relations from Johns Hopkins University, now works in the department of political science at University of Regina (Simon, “ The politics of speed: Capitalism, the state and war in an accelerating world” dissertation pg. 93-94) The goal then… the (Globalitarian) state.
Specifically, our role as defense intellectuals is important. Barlow and I have a unique obligation to question the increasing speed of military politics in an academic debate setting. This is the only way to reject the lock-step march toward speed in military thought. Without engagement, the perspective of defense intellectuals won’t change – this leads to the sanitization of violence from discourse, and allows for military atrocity to happen. Cohn, ’87 Carol Cohn, Director of the Consortium on Gender, Security and Human Rights at the University of Mass; “Sex and Death in the Rational World of Defense Intellectuals;” published in Signs, Vol. 12, No. 4; pages 690 – 692; JStor State I: Listening – Clean… scalpels spill blood."
10/7/13
Heg Disad
Tournament: Harvard | Round: 2 | Opponent: Cornell FS | Judge: Hegemony is unsustainable—The US is headed toward economic meltdown and power positions are shifting. Layne 1/27—Christopher Layne is professor, and Robert M. Gates Chair in National Security at the George Bush School of Government and Public Service at Texas AandM University, “The (Almost) Triumph of Offshore Balancing” http://nationalinterest.org/commentary/almost-triumph-offshore-balancing-6405 Although cloaked in… new reserve currency.
Credibility is the vital internal link into all foreign policy objectives- military capability is irrelevant to hegemony CSIS ’11 (Center for Studies in International Security, Joint-Research Project, Jon B. Alterman, Ernest Z. Bower, Victor D. Cha, Heather A. Conley, Stephen J. Flanagan, Bonnie S. Glaser, Michael J. Green, Andrew C. Kuchins, Haim Malka, Teresita C. Schaffer, Craig S. Cohen, “Foreign Assessments of U.S. Power Capacity and Resolve”, June 2011) This study looks at.. of U.S. power.
China War Layne 07 Visiting Fellow in Foreign Policy Studies at the Cato Institute Christopher “American Empire: A Debate” (p 75) So what should… indifferent to China's rise.
China war escalates and goes nuclear Hunkovic, 09 – American Military University Lee J, 2009, “The Chinese-Taiwanese Conflict Possible Futures of a Confrontation between China, Taiwan and the United States of America”, http://www.lamp-method.org/eCommons/Hunkovic.pdf A war between… in this study.
Prefer offshore balancing Schwarz and Layne 02 Editor of the Atlantic, Research Fellow with the Center on Peace and Liberty at the Independent Institute Benjamin and Christopher “A New Grand Strategy” Atlantic Monthly, January 1st The rise of new… new great powers.
10/29/13
NDT ROUND 1
Tournament: NDT | Round: 1 | Opponent: Michigan AP | Judge: Mauer, Matheson, Gannon Keep Dreaming—The repeal of DADT even complicates this further because people think the problem is “fixed.” On the contrary it only allows the culture of homophobia and masculinity to continue to sanitize violence against non-heterosexual bodies in the military. Cyrus 2010 —DEC 23, LA editor, formerly Navy enlisted, “DisOrienting Encounters: The Military is Still Homophobic” http://thenewgay.net/2010/12/the-military-is-still-homophobic.html Even when we examine the history of black people in the military, it’s always been nothing but struggle. Since the “integration” of blacks in the military white America has used racism as a method of excluding blacks from infiltrating. We see this at the foundation of West Point with Lieutenant Henry O. Flipper. Coleman 1999—Phillip Coleman is senior librarian of the American War Library and is a Vietnam veteran, “Black Military Service from Post Civil War to Vietnam” http://www.americanwarlibrary.com/a44/pc16.htm Thus we endorse an alternative of an infiltration of the silenced. Academic spaces like debate are just as regulated as the military with enforced modes of ‘correct training.’ This makes this space always hostile to us which means it’s impossible for us to ever have effective public deliberation. This is particularly true when you’ve excluded us from a topic about war powers. Moore 12—Ellen Moore, PhD candidate, Graduate School of Education, U Cal Berkeley. "From Combat to College: Student Veterans in Academic ’Contact Zones’". http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/92m9r81k. September 11
And that’s a huge mistake—Politics is constructed through our discourse and policy about war. War not only shapes the political but it completely controls it. James, ‘7Ian James, professor of philosophy and French at Cambridge, Ph.D. from Warwick University; “Paul Virilio: (Routledge Critical Thinkers);” published 2007; pages 67-69.
As W.E.B Du Bois put it, “how does it feel to be a problem?” Both West Point and the debate community has imposed a double consciousness onto us. Whiteness only sees through its own eyes projecting its vision of “right” onto everything which only creates gratuitous violence and dehumanizes us all. This act of exposure forces this community to deal with our intersectional identities. This creates a white double consciousness. The role of the judge should be to break away from complicity in the over-determination of identity in the debate space. Black, ‘7 Marc Black, researcher on multicultural education and race studies, M.S. in Applied Linguistics from UMass Boston, B.A. In African American Studies from Oberlin; “Fanon and DuBoisian Double Consciousness;” published in Human Architecture, Volume 5, Issue 3: Reflections on Fanon (21 June 2007); http://scholarworks.umb.edu/humanarchitecture/vol5/iss3/36; pages 398-401. And, Their performance matters—it’s not enough for you to wave a rainbow flag in the annual gay parade —Our method of exposure is essential to exposing the true workings of white privilege. Any attempt to “solve” our identity is just tourist border crossing that is another attempt to sustain white dominance. If they’re really sincere then they’ll give up the ballots. Black, ‘7 Marc Black, researcher on multicultural education and race studies, M.S. in Applied Linguistics from UMass Boston, B.A. In African American Studies from Oberlin; “Fanon and DuBoisian Double Consciousness;” published in Human Architecture, Volume 5, Issue 3: Reflections on Fanon (21 June 2007); http://scholarworks.umb.edu/humanarchitecture/vol5/iss3/36; pages 401-403. 2NC This experience of mis-interpellation is more traumatic that other forms of racial violence because it allows the subject to have hope that they can belong, before being violently rejected. Hage 10 The Affective Politics of Racial Mis-interpellation A later version of this essay appeared in Theory, Culture and Society, Issue 7/8, December 2010 Ghassan Hage https://www.academia.edu/1892039/Fanon_and_the_Affective_Politics_of_Racial_Mis-interpellation
Whiteness is the root of all impacts SHANNON SULLIVAN, PROFESSOR AT PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, 2008, ("WHITENESS AS WISE PROVINCIALISM: ROYCE AND THE REHABILITATION OF A RACIAL CATEGORY." A QUARTERLY JOURNAL IN AMERICAN PHILOSOPHY 44.2 (2008): 236-262. PROJECT MUSE. http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/transactions_of_the_charles_s_peirce_society/v044/44.2.sullivan.html accessed 6/28/12 ) As defense intellectuals, Jay and I have a unique obligation to question the increasing speed of military politics in an academic debate setting. This is the only way to reject the lock-step march toward speed in military thought. Nagy-Zekmi and Hollis, ‘10 Silvia Nagy-Zekmi, professor in and director of the department of Cultural Studies at Villanova University and Karyn Hollis, professor in the Department of English at Villanova University, Ph.D. USC in English and Linguistics; “Questions of Response/Ability: The Role of Public Intellectuals in the Information Age” published in “Truth to Power: Public Intellectuals In and Out of Academe;” published 2010; pages xvii – xix. Without engagement, the perspective of defense intellectuals won’t change – this leads to the sanitization of violence from discourse, and allows for military atrocity to happen. Cohn, ‘87 Carol Cohn, Director of the Consortium on Gender, Security and Human Rights at the University of Mass; “Sex and Death in the Rational World of Defense Intellectuals;” published in Signs, Vol. 12, No. 4; pages 690 – 692; JStor We occupy a unique position between privilege and invisibility within the system. We can mobilize this position as a method of taking from the master and giving to the masses. As we see with The Spook, this revolutionary strategy is able to deliver radical change and break down systems of capitalist and imperial domination. Reich 2012 Elizabeth, Ph.D., English, Rutgers University, Professor, Wayne State, A New Kind of Black Soldier: Performing Revolution in The Spook Who Sat by the Door, African American Review And, Debate is a key site for cultivating sympathy for different ways of life Jenni 1 Kathie Pf Philosophy at Redlands, Social Theory and Practice, July v27 i3 p437 2. Negation Disad—Black evidence says whiteness can only become more human by yielding to and recognizing other people NOT negating. The perm only sublimates their impunity into a tradition and a way of life that coopts the alternative. They’re only an attempt to justify their mode of thinking. The perm can only function through a neg ballot because it’s the only way they can yield to our views of them as oppressed bodies. The alternative is violent assimilation. This is simply an apology for whiteness. Frances Fox Piven, prof of sociology, CUNY graduate center, 2003(Why Welfare is Racist, the Politics of Welfare Reform (Paperback) by Sanford F. Schram, Joe Soss , Richard C. Fording) 3. Border Crossing Disad—We told them their performance mattered. The permutation proves that they’re simply tourist crossing over into our world to feel better. They have to first compromise their position of privilege. In this space that means give up the ballot. Otherwise you allow whiteness to continue to go masked and reinforcing their constructed world onto minorities. This type of border crossing is always means black bodies pay the price in blood. The permutation only offers lipservice. This muted support conceals a more insidious form of white privilege. Shannon Sullivan, Professor at Pennsylvania State University, 2008, ("Whiteness as Wise Provincialism: Royce and the Rehabilitation of a Racial Category." A Quarterly Journal in American Philosophy 44.2 (2008): 236-262. Project MUSE.) 4. Law Disad—Masking freedom and liberation within the political is the tool of whiteness. It only serves to control the double conscious. W. E. B. Du Bois 1903—“The Souls of Black Folk” 6. Fluidity Disad—the permutation represents the crowning achievement of whiteness - the ability to move back and forth is only afford those with the privilege to do so. Prefer the alternative alone as a demonstration of commitment. Paul R. Croll, Department of Sociology at Minnesota University, 2007 (“Modeling Determinants of White Racial Identity: Results from a New National Survey”, Social Forces, LN)
Util is the logic of the slave master where everybody that’s viewed as less than human in juxiposition to the white man and are then used to fuel the system. It’s at the root cause of all atrocity. Callahan 73 – Co-Founder and former director of The Hastings Institute, PhD in philosophy from Harvard University (Daniel, “The Tyranny of Survival”, p 91-93)
3/28/14
Nietzsche K
Tournament: Harvard | Round: 2 | Opponent: Cornell FS | Judge: Everything ends, no one is immortal – the affirmative’s resentment of insecurity drives them to attempt and order a safer world Der Derrian 98 James, Watson Institute research professor of international studies at Brown University, “The Values of Security: Hobbes, Marx, Nietzsche, and Baudrillard”, JSTOR Nietzsche transvalues both… with its causes." 41
Chaos is an intrinsic part of life – the affirmative denies this as it lashes out against the inevitable suffering inherent in existence Saurette 1996 Paul, “I mistrust all systemizers and Avoid Them: Nietzsche Arendt and the Crisis of the Will to Order in… as Nietzsche suggests.
The affirmative’s obsession with perfection is life-negating – the eternal struggle against entropy reduces life to mere empty existence Kain, professor of philosophy at Santa Clara, 2007 Philip J., “Nietzsche, Eternal Recurrence, and the Horror of Existence,” Journal of Nietzsche Studies 33 (2007), 49-63 Why is it best… only be concealed.
The alternative is to embrace the tragedy of the status quo – only by embracing the inevitability of extinction can we affirm the vibrancy of life Joanne Faulkner, University of New South Wales, 2008 The Journal of Nietzsche Studies Spring/Autumn We could envisage… and context dependent.
