Tournament: Binghamton | Round: 5 | Opponent: Cornell SW | Judge: Merkle
The threat of the second bomb, the information bomb, is looming. And as we make a decision on how to proceed, the American defense complex is racing to build the technology to destroy the world.
Oliver, ’13
Bert Oliver, distinguished professor of philosophy at NMMU (South Africa), D.Phil.
in philosophy and psychoanalytic theory; “Cyber Warfare;” published 19 JUN 2013; http://www.thoughtleader.co.za/bertolivier/2013/06/19/cyber-warfare/In The Information Bomb (Verso, 2005… cure and poison.

Politics as we know it is broken – no politics is possible at the speed of light. Only fracturing the solitary control over the production of war can stop the lock-step march
Virilio ‘2
Paul Virilio, Director of the Ecole Speciale d’Architecutre, Paris, Desert Screen: War at the 

Decentralization of the president’s war powers is key – Congress limiting the authority of the president would radically democratize politics.
Pearlstein, ’13
Deborah Pealstein, professor of law at Princeton, member of the ABAand#39;s Advisory Committee on Law and National Security, former White House staff, director of the Law and Security Program at Human Rights First, former clerk for Justice John Paul Stevens, and J.D. from Harvard; “Congress Shouldn’t Give the President New Power to Fight Terrorists;” published in Slate, 26 MAR 2013; http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/jurisprudence/2013/03/congress_shouldn_t_give_president_obama_new_power_to_fight_terrorists.html 

Politics is constructed through our discourse and policy about war. We must challenge our assumptions about cyber militarism in order to resist the coming information
James, ‘7
Ian James, professor of philosophy and French at Cambridge, Ph.D. from Warwick University; “Paul Virilio: (Routledge Critical Thinkers);” published 2007; pages 67-69.

As defense professionals, Jay and I stand resolved that the United States federal government should enact statutory restrictions on the war powers authority of the president of the United States in the area of offensive cyber attacks.

The military’s development of the information bomb will continue unquestioned – the drive for cyber tech militarizes the space of politics, turning debate into consensus.
James, ‘7
Ian James, professor of philosophy and French at Cambridge, Ph.D. from Warwick University; “Paul Virilio: (Routledge Critical Thinkers);” published 2007; pages 95-97.

This race for technology is an attempt to colonize and control the space of information and push warfare to ever increasing sp
Virilio, ‘5Paul Virilio, professor of philosophy at the European Graduate School; “The Information 

But what we… supplanting nuclear deterrence.

This increasing speed makes it impossible for policymakers to judge the consequences 

of their actions. This blurs the distinction between war and peace, creating a “pure 

war” where all targets are legitimate.

James, ‘7 Ian James, professor of philosophy and French at Cambridge, Ph.D. from Warwick 

University; “Paul Virilio: (Routledge Critical Thinkers);” published 2007; pages 72-74.

This Pure War forces military and political planners to make rash decisions and 

devalue human lives, ensuring the preemptive use of nuclear and other world-ending 

James, ‘7 Ian James, professor of philosophy and French at Cambridge, Ph.D. from Warwick 

University; “Paul Virilio: (Routledge Critical Thinkers);” published 2007; page 86.

The implications of… the name possible.

And, this is the only scenario for extinction. 

Borg, ‘3 Mark B. Borg, psychoanalyst and community consultant; “Psychoanalytic Pure War;” 

published in the Journal of Psychoanalysis, 2003.

Pure War creates a technocratic state-of-emergency that destroys all value to life.

Kellner, ‘8 Douglas Kellner, professor of philosophy at UCLA; "Preface The Ideology of HIghTech/Postmodern War vs. the Reality of Messy Wars;" http://gseis.ucla.edu/faculty/kellner/essays/

2008_Kellner_MessyWarPreface_ver29052008FINAL.pdf

Hence, phenomenal new… about war environment. 

Every technology has an accident built into it – the increasing speed of cyberwarfare 

blinds us to this, and makes embrace the coming information bomb with open arms.

James, ‘7 Ian James, professor of philosophy and French at Cambridge, Ph.D. from Warwick 

University; “Paul Virilio: (Routledge Critical Thinkers);” published 2007; pages 115-116.

Lack of recognition of the accident inherent in cyberwar accelerates cyberwar tech 

further, creating a state of emergency in which people are sacrificed in the name of 

Kellner ‘99 Douglas Kellner, chair of the Philosophy of Education in the Graduate School of Education 

and Information Studies at the University of California at Los Angeles, critical theorist for the Frankfurt 

Institute for Social Research. (Douglas, “Virilio, War and Technology.” 1999. http://www.uta.edu/huma/

In Virilio’s view,… ¶ participation and interaction.

And, the global accident of cyberwarfare inevitable unless we reinterpret our 

Der Derian and Virilio ‘76 (Paul Virilio and James Der Derian. Professor of Philosophy at the 

European Graduate School in Switzerland and research professor with a focus on global security and 

media studies respectively. Transcription of an interview of Virilio by Der Derian in Paris. 1976. http://

asrudiancenter.wordpress.com/2008/11/26/interview-with-paul-virilio/.)

The expanding regime of cyberwarfare restructures the way we perceive – it separates 

actual presence from virtual presence, making our actions only specters on a screen. 

This detaches political and military actors from the results of their actions. 

James, ‘7Ian James, professor of philosophy and French at Cambridge, Ph.D. from Warwick University; 

“Paul Virilio: (Routledge Critical Thinkers);” published 2007; pages 47-49.

This separation of cause and effect leads to the automation of cyberwarfare – every 

action, from shutting down a computer to destroying a power grid, is simply the 

automated click of a mouse. This transformation destroys the agency of combatants.

Virilio, ‘9 Paul Virilio, philosopher, urbanist, and cultural theorist, 2009 “The State of Emergency,” The 

But let’s go back… recently was inconceivable.

The loss of the body is the penultimate impact. The expanding regime of cyberwar 

demands the body as a sacrifice in the name of progress and transforms everyone into 

Bey, ’98 Peter Lamborn Wilson, (aka Hakim Bey), co-editor of Semiotext(e), former director of English 

language publications at the Imperial Iranian Academy of Philosophy in Tehran; “The Information War;” 

published independently in “Virtual Futures: Cyberotics, Technology and Posthuman Pragmatism” and 

on ctheory.net; http://www.ctheory.net/articles.aspx?id=64

Humanity has always… economy - and our war.

Tournament: Kentucky | Round: 8 | Opponent: UT Dallas MV | Judge: Lindsey Shook

Contention 1

The threat of the second bomb, the information bomb, is looming. And as we make a decision on how to proceed, the American defense complex is racing to build the technology to destroy the world.
Oliver, ’13 ~Bert Oliver, distinguished professor of philosophy at NMMU (South Africa), D.Phil. in philosophy and psychoanalytic theory; "Cyber Warfare;" published 19 JUN 2013; http://www.thoughtleader.co.za/bertolivier/2013/06/19/cyber-warfare/~~
In The Information Bomb (Verso, 2005, p. 62), Paul Virilio
AND
, or rather, a "pharmakon" – simultaneously cure and poison.

Politics as we know it is broken – no politics is possible at the speed of light. Only fracturing the solitary control over the production of war can stop the lock-step march toward authoritarianism.  
Virilio ’2 ~Paul Virilio, Director of the Ecole Speciale d’Architecutre, Paris, Desert Screen: War at the Speed of Light, pg. 43-44~
P.V.: The threat is that of fusion and confusion.  No politics
AND
, man can neither see the weapon arrive nor fend off the attack.

Decentralization of the president’s war powers is key – Congress limiting the authority of the president would radically democratize politics.
Pearlstein, ’13 ~Deborah Pealstein, professor of law at Princeton, member of the ABA’s Advisory Committee on Law and National Security, former White House staff, director of the Law and Security Program at Human Rights First, former clerk for Justice John Paul Stevens, and J.D. from Harvard; "Congress Shouldn’t Give the President New Power to Fight Terrorists;" published in Slate, 26 MAR 2013; http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/jurisprudence/2013/03/congress_shouldn_t_-http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/jurisprudence/2013/03/congress_shouldn_t_
give_president_obama_new_power_to_fight_terrorists.html ~
Despite this, Leiter and others seem convinced that Congress should pass a new law
AND
the case for new use-of-force legislation is impossibly thin.

This must be the site of resistance – Presidential war powers are the nexus in the debate against speed.
Glezos, ’11
~Simon Glezos, professor of political science at the University of Victoria, British Columbia; "The ticking bomb: Speed, liberalism and ressentiment against the future;" published in Contemporary Political Theory (2011) 10, 147–165. doi:10.1057/cpt.2010.6.~
It is called ’the Ticking Bomb Scenario’: Imagine a terrorist has planted a
AND
be located not only in¶ the ticking bomb, but in ourselves.

Politics is constructed through our discourse and policy about war. We must challenge our assumptions about cyber militarism in order to resist the coming information bomb.
James, ’7~Ian James, professor of philosophy and French at Cambridge, Ph.D. from Warwick University; "Paul Virilio: (Routledge Critical Thinkers);" published 2007; pages 67-69.~
By situating the origin of the city in war, Virilio also affirms the inseparability
AND
such that one might be said to be the continuation of the other.

Plan

Jay and I advocate using the debate space as a means of shaping defense intellectuals through statutory limitations on the war powers of the president to authorize the preemptive use of cyber attacks.

Contention 2

Contention 2 is the New War.
The military’s development of the information bomb will continue unquestioned – the drive for cyber tech militarizes the space of politics, turning debate into consensus.
James, ’7~Ian James, professor of philosophy and French at Cambridge, Ph.D. from Warwick University; "Paul Virilio: (Routledge Critical Thinkers);" published 2007; pages 95-97.~
As his writing develops during the 1980s and 1990s in works such as¶ The
AND
place’ of communications and the temporality of real¶ time proper to them.

This race for technology is an attempt to colonize and control the space of information and push warfare to ever increasing speeds.
Virilio, ’5~Paul Virilio, professor of philosophy at the European Graduate School; "The Information Bomb;" published 2005.~
But what we might add today is that this global systemic risk is precisely what
AND
defenses on the Cold War model, with cyberglaciation here supplanting nuclear deterrence. 

Two impacts:

1. Pure War
   This increasing speed makes it impossible for policymakers to judge the consequences of their actions. This blurs the distinction between war and peace, creating a "pure war" where all targets are legitimate.
   James, ’7 ~Ian James, professor of philosophy and French at Cambridge, Ph.D. from Warwick University; "Paul Virilio: (Routledge Critical Thinkers);" published 2007; pages 72-74.~
   This may seem like stating nothing other than the obvious. Yet, as always
   AND
   secret¶ and surprising, is ignored.¶ (Virilio 1994a: 43)

This Pure War forces military and political planners to make rash decisions and devalue human lives, ensuring the preemptive use of nuclear and other world-ending weapons.
James, ’7 ~Ian James, professor of philosophy and French at Cambridge, Ph.D. from Warwick University; "Paul Virilio: (Routledge Critical Thinkers);" published 2007; page 86.~
The implications of war conceived of as ’total electronic war’ are at once¶
AND
reflection and developed argumentation of any true politics worthy of the name possible.

And, this is the only scenario for extinction.
Borg, ’3 ~Mark B. Borg, psychoanalyst and community consultant; "Psychoanalytic Pure War;" published in the Journal of Psychoanalysis, 2003.~
Paul Virilio and Sylvere Lotringer’s concept of "pure war" refers to the potential
AND
preparation for absolute destruction and for personal, social, and cultural death. 

Pure War creates a technocratic state-of-emergency that destroys all value to life.
Kellner, ’8 ~Douglas Kellner, professor of philosophy at UCLA; "Preface The Ideology of HIgh-Tech/Postmodern War vs. the Reality of Messy Wars;" http://gseis.ucla.edu/faculty/kellner/essays/2008_Kellner_MessyWarPreface_ver29052008FINAL.pdf~~
Hence, phenomenal new military technologies are being produced in the Third Millennium, described
AND
social life, as shown in Messy Wars’ chapter 3 about war environment. 

2. The Accident

Every technology has an accident built into it – the increasing speed of cyberwarfare blinds us to this, and makes embrace the coming information bomb with open arms.
James, ’7 ~Ian James, professor of philosophy and French at Cambridge, Ph.D. from Warwick University; "Paul Virilio: (Routledge Critical Thinkers);" published 2007; pages 115-116.~
In the late 1990s and early 2000s Virilio has developed a theory of the¶
AND
of the world.¶ (Virilio and Baj 2003: 30–1)

Lack of recognition of the accident inherent in cyberwar accelerates cyberwar tech further, creating a state of emergency in which people are sacrificed in the name of technology.
Kellner ’99 ~Douglas Kellner, chair of the Philosophy of Education in the Graduate School of Education and Information Studies at the University of California at Los Angeles, critical theorist for the Frankfurt Institute for Social Research. (Douglas, "Virilio, War and Technology." 1999. http://www.uta.edu/huma/illuminations/kell29.htm-http://www.uta.edu/huma/illuminations/kell29.htm~~
In Virilio’s view, the war machine is the demiurge of technological development and an
AND
further diminishes the space and role of democratic political¶ participation and interaction.

The state of exception demands that cyberwarfare expand from the local to the global. This takes the instance of the accident to the world-wide scale and gives it the potential to destroy everything.
Armitage and Virilio 01 ~John Armitage and Paul Virilio. Professors of philosophy at the European Graduate School. "Virilio Live: Selected Interviews".~
JA: Could you elaborate on the concept of the integral, or, generalized accident, a little further?
PV: Let me put it this way: every time a technology is invented
AND
~ Asia is an integral accident, well, almost an integral accident. 

And, the global accident of cyberwarfare inevitable unless we reinterpret our relationship to speed.
Der Derian and Virilio ’76 (Paul Virilio and James Der Derian. Professor of Philosophy at the European Graduate School in Switzerland and research professor with a focus on global security and media studies respectively. Transcription of an interview of Virilio by Der Derian in Paris. 1976. http://asrudiancenter.wordpress.com/2008/11/26/interview-with-paul-virilio/.)
Der Derian: What about accidents?¶ Virilio: Accidents have always fascinated me.
AND
image, interactivity is to real space what radioactivity is to the atmosphere.

Contention 3

Contention 3 is the body.
The expanding regime of cyberwarfare restructures the way we perceive – it separates actual presence from virtual presence, making our actions only specters on a screen. This detaches political and military actors from the results of their actions.
James, ’7~Ian James, professor of philosophy and French at Cambridge, Ph.D. from Warwick University; "Paul Virilio: (Routledge Critical Thinkers);" published 2007; pages 47-49.~
Virilio’s contention is that speed machines fundamentally alter the way¶ in which we perceive
AND
he talks¶ of teletopology or of virtual as opposed to actual presence.

This detachment leads to the rejection of the body – we become enslaved by our physical presence, constantly trying to eliminate it to move faster. This rejection denies all agency and transforms speed into a general anxiety, which is the Panopticon of the body; this destroys value to life.
Adams, ’2
~Jason Adams, Editor-in-Chief of Conatus Publishing, two Ph.Ds: the first in Media 26 Communication from the European Graduate School (Class of 2012), the second from the University of Hawaii in Political Science; "Popular Defense in the Empire of Speed: Paul Virilio and the Phenomenology of the Political Body;" published in 2002.~
This then, is the advent of ’polar inertia’ and the ’last vehicle’,
AND
a deserter from his own body, an exile for evermore".~88~  

The loss of the body is the penultimate impact. The expanding regime of cyberwar demands the body as a sacrifice in the name of progress and transforms everyone into a cog in the war machine where we wish to be used to fuel destruction.
Bey, ’98 ~Peter Lamborn Wilson, (aka Hakim Bey), co-editor of Semiotext(e), former director of English language publications at the Imperial Iranian Academy of Philosophy in Tehran; "The Information War;" published independently in "Virtual Futures: Cyberotics, Technology and Posthuman Pragmatism" and on ctheory.net; http://www.ctheory.net/articles.aspx?id=64~~
Humanity has always invested heavily in any scheme that offers escape from the body.
AND
- wisdom and wealth. This is our economy - and our war.

Tournament: Navy | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge:
Contention 1
We’re standing on the border of the new Wild West, Colt .45 in hand, asking ourselves why we’re here and where we’ll go.
The threat of the second bomb, the information bomb, is looming. And as we make a decision on how to proceed, the American defense complex is racing to build the technology to destroy the world.
Oliver, ’13 ~Bert Oliver, distinguished professor of philosophy at NMMU (South Africa), D.Phil. in philosophy and psychoanalytic theory; "Cyber Warfare;" published 19 JUN 2013; http://www.thoughtleader.co.za/bertolivier/2013/06/19/cyber-warfare/~~
In The Information Bomb (Verso, 2005, p. 62), Paul Virilio
AND
, or rather, a "pharmakon" – simultaneously cure and poison.

Politics as we know it is broken – no politics is possible at the speed of light. Only fracturing the solitary control over the production of war can stop the lock-step march toward authoritarianism.  
Virilio ’2 ~Paul Virilio, Director of the Ecole Speciale d’Architecutre, Paris, Desert Screen: War at the Speed of Light, pg. 43-44~
P.V.: The threat is that of fusion and confusion.  No politics
AND
, man can neither see the weapon arrive nor fend off the attack.

This must be the site of resistance – Presidential war powers are the nexus in the debate against speed.
Glezos, ’11
~Simon Glezos, professor of political science at the University of Victoria, British Columbia; "The ticking bomb: Speed, liberalism and ressentiment against the future;" published in Contemporary Political Theory (2011) 10, 147–165. doi:10.1057/cpt.2010.6.~
It is called ’the Ticking Bomb Scenario’: Imagine a terrorist has planted a
AND
be located not only in¶ the ticking bomb, but in ourselves.

Politics is constructed through our discourse and policy about war. We must challenge our assumptions about cyber militarism in order to resist the coming information bomb.
James, ’7~Ian James, professor of philosophy and French at Cambridge, Ph.D. from Warwick University; "Paul Virilio: (Routledge Critical Thinkers);" published 2007; pages 67-69.~
By situating the origin of the city in war, Virilio also affirms the inseparability
AND
such that one might be said to be the continuation of the other.

Plan

Jay and I advocate using the debate space as a means of shaping defense intellectuals toward restricting the war powers authority of the president in the preemptive use of cyber attacks.

Contention 2

Contention 2 is the New War.
The military’s development of the information bomb will continue unquestioned – the drive for cyber tech militarizes the space of politics, turning debate into consensus.
James, ’7~Ian James, professor of philosophy and French at Cambridge, Ph.D. from Warwick University; "Paul Virilio: (Routledge Critical Thinkers);" published 2007; pages 95-97.~
As his writing develops during the 1980s and 1990s in works such as¶ The
AND
place’ of communications and the temporality of real¶ time proper to them.

This race for technology is an attempt to colonize and control the space of information and push warfare to ever increasing speeds.
Virilio, ’5~Paul Virilio, professor of philosophy at the European Graduate School; "The Information Bomb;" published 2005.~
But what we might add today is that this global systemic risk is precisely what
AND
defenses on the Cold War model, with cyberglaciation here supplanting nuclear deterrence. 

Two impacts:

1. Pure War

This increasing speed makes it impossible for policymakers to judge the consequences of their actions. This blurs the distinction between war and peace, creating a "pure war" where all targets are legitimate.

James, ’7 ~Ian James, professor of philosophy and French at Cambridge, Ph.D. from Warwick University; "Paul Virilio: (Routledge Critical Thinkers);" published 2007; pages 72-74.~
This may seem like stating nothing other than the obvious. Yet, as always
AND
secret¶ and surprising, is ignored.¶ (Virilio 1994a: 43)

This Pure War forces military and political planners to make rash decisions and devalue human lives, ensuring the preemptive use of nuclear and other world-ending weapons.

James, ’7 ~Ian James, professor of philosophy and French at Cambridge, Ph.D. from Warwick University; "Paul Virilio: (Routledge Critical Thinkers);" published 2007; page 86.~
The implications of war conceived of as ’total electronic war’ are at once¶
AND
reflection and developed argumentation of any true politics worthy of the name possible.

And, this is the only scenario for extinction.

Borg, ’3 ~Mark B. Borg, psychoanalyst and community consultant; "Psychoanalytic Pure War;" published in the Journal of Psychoanalysis, 2003.~
Paul Virilio and Sylvere Lotringer’s concept of "pure war" refers to the potential
AND
preparation for absolute destruction and for personal, social, and cultural death. 

Pure War creates a technocratic state-of-emergency that destroys all value to life.

Kellner, ’8 ~Douglas Kellner, professor of philosophy at UCLA; "Preface The Ideology of HIgh-Tech/Postmodern War vs. the Reality of Messy Wars;" http://gseis.ucla.edu/faculty/kellner/essays/2008_Kellner_MessyWarPreface_ver29052008FINAL.pdf~~
Hence, phenomenal new military technologies are being produced in the Third Millennium, described
AND
social life, as shown in Messy Wars’ chapter 3 about war environment. 

2. The Accident

Every technology has an accident built into it – the increasing speed of cyberwarfare blinds us to this, and makes embrace the coming information bomb with open arms.
James, ’7 ~Ian James, professor of philosophy and French at Cambridge, Ph.D. from Warwick University; "Paul Virilio: (Routledge Critical Thinkers);" published 2007; pages 115-116.~
In the late 1990s and early 2000s Virilio has developed a theory of the¶
AND
of the world.¶ (Virilio and Baj 2003: 30–1)

Lack of recognition of the accident inherent in cyberwar accelerates cyberwar tech further, creating a state of emergency in which people are sacrificed in the name of technology.
Kellner ’99 ~Douglas Kellner, chair of the Philosophy of Education in the Graduate School of Education and Information Studies at the University of California at Los Angeles, critical theorist for the Frankfurt Institute for Social Research. (Douglas, "Virilio, War and Technology." 1999. http://www.uta.edu/huma/illuminations/kell29.htm-http://www.uta.edu/huma/illuminations/kell29.htm~~
In Virilio’s view, the war machine is the demiurge of technological development and an
AND
further diminishes the space and role of democratic political¶ participation and interaction.

The state of exception demands that cyberwarfare expand from the local to the global. This takes the instance of the accident to the world-wide scale and gives it the potential to destroy everything.

Armitage and Virilio 01 ~John Armitage and Paul Virilio. Professors of philosophy at the European Graduate School. "Virilio Live: Selected Interviews".~
JA: Could you elaborate on the concept of the integral, or, generalized accident, a little further?
PV: Let me put it this way: every time a technology is invented
AND
~ Asia is an integral accident, well, almost an integral accident. 

And, the global accident of cyberwarfare inevitable unless we reinterpret our relationship to speed.

Der Derian and Virilio ’76 (Paul Virilio and James Der Derian. Professor of Philosophy at the European Graduate School in Switzerland and research professor with a focus on global security and media studies respectively. Transcription of an interview of Virilio by Der Derian in Paris. 1976. http://asrudiancenter.wordpress.com/2008/11/26/interview-with-paul-virilio/.)
Der Derian: What about accidents?¶ Virilio: Accidents have always fascinated me.
AND
image, interactivity is to real space what radioactivity is to the atmosphere.

Contention 3

Contention 3 is the body.
The expanding regime of cyberwarfare restructures the way we perceive – it separates actual presence from virtual presence, making our actions only specters on a screen. This detaches political and military actors from the results of their actions.
James, ’7~Ian James, professor of philosophy and French at Cambridge, Ph.D. from Warwick University; "Paul Virilio: (Routledge Critical Thinkers);" published 2007; pages 47-49.~
Virilio’s contention is that speed machines fundamentally alter the way¶ in which we perceive
AND
he talks¶ of teletopology or of virtual as opposed to actual presence.

This detachment leads to the rejection of the body – we become enslaved by our physical presence, constantly trying to eliminate it to move faster. This rejection denies all agency and transforms speed into a general anxiety, which is the Panopticon of the body; this destroys value to life.
Adams, ’2
~Jason Adams, Editor-in-Chief of Conatus Publishing, two Ph.Ds: the first in Media 26 Communication from the European Graduate School (Class of 2012), the second from the University of Hawaii in Political Science; "Popular Defense in the Empire of Speed: Paul Virilio and the Phenomenology of the Political Body;" published in 2002.~
This then, is the advent of ’polar inertia’ and the ’last vehicle’,
AND
a deserter from his own body, an exile for evermore".~88~  

The loss of the body is the penultimate impact. The expanding regime of cyberwar demands the body as a sacrifice in the name of progress and transforms everyone into a cog in the war machine where we wish to be used to fuel destruction.
Bey, ’98 ~Peter Lamborn Wilson, (aka Hakim Bey), co-editor of Semiotext(e), former director of English language publications at the Imperial Iranian Academy of Philosophy in Tehran; "The Information War;" published independently in "Virtual Futures: Cyberotics, Technology and Posthuman Pragmatism" and on ctheory.net; http://www.ctheory.net/articles.aspx?id=64~~
Humanity has always invested heavily in any scheme that offers escape from the body.
AND
- wisdom and wealth. This is our economy - and our war.